CN107929993A - A kind of fire extinguishing colloidal materials and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of fire extinguishing colloidal materials and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107929993A CN107929993A CN201711135769.4A CN201711135769A CN107929993A CN 107929993 A CN107929993 A CN 107929993A CN 201711135769 A CN201711135769 A CN 201711135769A CN 107929993 A CN107929993 A CN 107929993A
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- fire extinguishing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0035—Aqueous solutions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to fire extinguishing security technology area, in particular to a kind of fire extinguishing colloidal materials and preparation method and application.The fire extinguishing colloidal materials are made of following raw material：80~88 parts of 4~8 parts of sodium metasilicate, 4~8 parts of calcium salt, 2~6 parts of coagulant and water.The material is obvious with fire extinguishing, cooling-down effect, easy to construct, the characteristics of safety and environmental protection, the effective rate of utilization of material can be effectively improved, the material occurs without bad chemical reaction, is safe from harm to environment and people, reduces the generation of ammonia, and calcium salt has preferable resistanceization effect to the spontaneous combustion of high-sulfur ore deposit, present invention also offers the preparation method and purposes of the colloidal materials accordingly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire extinguishing security technology area, in particular to a kind of fire extinguishing colloidal materials and its preparation
Method and application.
Background technology
Chemically, every material that can reduce chemical reaction velocity is all known as retardant.Retardant fire extinguishing principle be by
The solution or emulsion (retardant) of one or more of materials are filled into the ground that goaf coal wall or coal column crack etc. are easy to spontaneous combustion
Point, retardant invest the surface of coal, and starvation, the oxidation for preventing coal, extend the coal ignition phase or prevent coal to be under fire.
It is external successively to have studied the inorganic retardant such as calcium chloride, calcium hydroxide, calcium bicarbonate, sodium silicate gel and phenolic aldehyde tree
Organic retardant such as fat, epoxy resin, surfactant.The species of domestic fire extinguishing retardant at this stage has inorganic salts water suction
Liquid, calcium hydroxide retardant, Silica hydrogel, high lazy foam, spray calcium plaster, surfactant, polymer emulsion, powdered solar heat protection
Agent etc..Goaf gel fire extinguishing retardant is normally applied ammonium salt (such as ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium chloride) and does coagulant, the ammonia of generation
Gas polluted the working environment of underground, compromise the health of miner, and since the dosage of base-material and coagulant is larger, from
And add the amount of labour of worker and the input of cost.
In view of this, it is special to propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
The defects of present invention is directed to the prior art, there is provided a kind of quickly to form the uniformly fire extinguishing colloid without conglomeration
Material, has fire extinguishing, cooling-down effect obvious, easy to construct, the characteristics of safety and environmental protection, can effectively improve efficiently using for material
Rate, the material occur without bad chemical reaction, are safe from harm to environment and people, reduce the generation of ammonia, and calcium salt is to height
The spontaneous combustion of sulphur ore deposit has preferable resistanceization effect, accordingly present invention also offers the colloidal materials preparation method and
Purposes.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy uses following technical scheme：
The present invention relates to a kind of fire extinguishing colloidal materials, and according to the mass fraction, the fire extinguishing colloidal materials are by following original
Material is made：
80~88 parts of 4~8 parts of sodium metasilicate, 4~8 parts of calcium salt, 2~6 parts of coagulant and water.
One of primary raw material of fire extinguishing colloidal materials provided by the present invention is waterglass and calcium salt, be with the addition of wherein
Calcium salt, objectively reduces the dosage of coagulant, also just reduces the generation of ammonia, and calcium salt is to the spontaneous combustion of high-sulfur ore deposit
There is preferable resistanceization effect, the single fire extinguishing resistanceization principle of original gel retardant is changed, so as to substantially increase anti-
Fire extinguishing resistanceization efficiency, the dosage for reducing raw material, reduce the labor intensity of worker and the input of cost of material.
The invention further relates to the preparation method of fire extinguishing colloidal materials as described above, including：Each component is mixed.
This method is easy to operate, is easy to implement.Each component is is stirred to form gel by specific application method, using perfusion
Or the form of sprinkling is used for the prevention of spontaneous combustion of coal seam.
The experiment that applicant carries out shows that colloidal materials of the invention in use can shape in 2~3 minutes
The gel of group is connect into uniform nothing, fire extinguishing, cooling-down effect are obvious, and easy to construct, safety and environmental protection, significantly improves effective profit of material
With rate.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention further relates to fire extinguishing colloidal materials as described above in preventing spontaneous combustion of coal
Or extinguish application in the coal seam be under fire.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. lime stone cannot absorb moisture after adding water, and waterglass adds ammonium hydrogen carbonate formation colloid to can absorb more than 90%
Moisture；
2. the resistance chemoprevention extinguishing effect of waterglass does not have lime stone good for high-sulfur ore deposit, after long-time, waterglass colloid
It is easy to aging, it is ineffective, and lime stone meeting long-term existence, play the role of fire extinguishing；
3. with waterglass and ammonium hydrogen carbonate any chemical reaction does not occur for lime stone, respective resistanceization effect is not influenced；
4. the intensity of colloid can be strengthened after lime stone and waterglass mixing, make resistance effect more preferable；
5. gel retardant is High water cut material, after injecting coal body, coal moisture content is significantly raised, it is fire-retardant to play cooling
Effect；
6. it is two kinds of advantages of nontoxic raw materials, harmless, do not pollute the environment, derive from a wealth of sources, is cheap.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution of the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in describing below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
Put, other attached drawings can also be obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flame retardant application technique schematic flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the fire suppression applications technique schematic flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is air return lane temperature variation curve；Triangle symbol represents the flex point that temperature is begun to decline, and circle symbol represents
Flex point during temperature stabilization；
Fig. 4 is upper corner temperature variation curve；Triangle symbol represents the flex point that temperature is begun to decline, and circle symbol represents
Flex point during temperature stabilization；
Fig. 5 is air return lane carbonomonoxide concentration change curve；Triangle symbol represents the flex point that carbon monoxide is begun to decline,
Circle symbol represents flex point when carbon monoxide is stablized；
Fig. 6 is upper corner carbonomonoxide concentration change curve；Triangle symbol represents the flex point that carbon monoxide is begun to decline,
Circle symbol represents flex point when carbon monoxide is stablized.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of fire extinguishing colloidal materials, and according to the mass fraction, the fire extinguishing colloidal materials are by following original
Material is made：
80~88 parts of 4~8 parts of sodium metasilicate, 4~8 parts of calcium salt, 2~6 parts of coagulant and water.
Calcium salt, the base stock that sodium metasilicate (add water then be waterglass) is retardant, fire prevention resistanceization of the calcium salt to high-sulfur ore deposit
Action effect is obvious；Calcium salt, liquid glass derive from a wealth of sources, cheap；Liquid glass has good solid water effect；Calcium
Salt and waterglass will not react, and not interfere with respective resistanceization effect；Calcium salt, liquid glass are nontoxic, harmless, will not pollute
Environment, is safe from harm miner's body, does not have corrosivity to equipment；Material thermal stability is good, no effumability and pyrogen
Matter produces, resistanceization long lifespan.Calcium salt, liquid glass can all absorb substantial amounts of heat in respective reaction, so as to reduce coal
Temperature, play the role of fire extinguishing；The addition of calcium salt does not interfere with the plastic process of liquid glass, and the technique letter of plastic
It is single, easy to construct.
Preferably, fire extinguishing colloidal materials as described above, according to the mass fraction, the fire extinguishing colloidal materials are by following
Raw material is made：
82~86 parts of 5~7 parts of sodium metasilicate, 5~7 parts of calcium salt, 3~5 parts of coagulant and water.
Preferably, fire extinguishing colloidal materials as described above, according to the mass fraction, the fire extinguishing colloidal materials are by following
Raw material is made：
84 parts of 6 parts of sodium metasilicate, 6 parts of calcium salt, 4 parts of coagulant and water.
Wherein, the sodium metasilicate used in the present invention is a kind of water-soluble silicate, and waterglass is can be prepared by after adding water, is a kind of
Inorganic binder, its cohesive force is strong, intensity is higher, acid resistance, heat-resist, can be formed in the short time colloid, waterglass etc. into
Heat endurance is good after glue, can effectively prevent contact and the supplement of coal and combustion adjuvant (oxygen in air), is to make retardant
Ideal material；
Preferably, modulus≤3 of the sodium metasilicate, can select 1 or 2.
Calcium salt is preferably calcium chloride, calcium hydroxide, calcium bicarbonate or calcium carbonate, it can increase the combustibles such as coal in low temperature
When chemical inertness, or improve oxidation of coal work energy；So as to play the role of retardant.The addition of calcium salt can reduce waterglass and
The dosage of coagulant, and have preferable resistanceization effect to the spontaneous combustion of high-sulfur ore deposit.
Preferably, fire extinguishing colloidal materials as described above, the coagulant are ammonium salt.
Preferably, fire extinguishing colloidal materials as described above, the ammonium salt are ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate is not reacted with calcium salt, waterglass, does not interfere with respective resistanceization effect；Ammonium hydrogen carbonate and calcium salt, water
It is neutral substance after glass plastic, does not have corrosiveness to underground equipment；Gelation time when ammonium hydrogen carbonate makees coagulant is suitable.
Preferably, fire extinguishing colloidal materials as described above, the calcium salt are lime stone.
Lime stone is added in base-material waterglass.Chemically reacted based on the sulphur in lime stone and high-sulfur ore deposit, so that
The oxygen uptake ability for fundamentally reducing high-sulfur ore deposit inhibits the spontaneous combustion in coal seam, so as to strengthen the fire prevention of gel retardant
Effect.The resistance material base-material waterglass proportion plays an important role the length of gelation time.Lime stone institute accounting
Length effect of the example to gelation time be not notable.
The invention further relates to the preparation method of fire extinguishing colloidal materials as described above, including：Each component is mixed.
Preferably, the described method includes：
1) by the calcium salt and water according to 4:43~49 mass ratio mixing, be sufficiently stirred 5min~10min be made into it is molten
Liquid, then adds the sodium metasilicate, is sufficiently stirred and obtains mixture A no less than 10min；
2) mixes the coagulant with the water of surplus, is sufficiently stirred and obtains mixture B no less than 10min；
3) mixes the mixture A with mixture B；
Wherein, step 1) and step 2) are without sequencing；
Preferably, the described method includes：
1) by the calcium salt and water according to 4:46 mass ratio mixing, is sufficiently stirred 5min~10min wiring solution-formings, with
After add the sodium metasilicate, be sufficiently stirred 10min~15min and obtain mixture A；
2) mixes the coagulant with the water of surplus, is sufficiently stirred 10min~15min and obtains mixture B；
3) mixes the mixture A with mixture B；
Wherein, step 1) and step 2) are without sequencing.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention further relates to fire extinguishing colloidal materials as described above in preventing spontaneous combustion of coal
Or extinguish application in the coal seam be under fire.
Spontaneous combustionof coal not only causes huge energy loss, and great disaster, fire extinguishing glue provided by the present invention
Body material can reduce goaf coal spontaneous combustion, and be used as the fire extinguishing in the coal seam for having seen naked light.
Carrying out in application, each component of fire extinguishing colloidal materials provided by the invention is made into aqueous solution by a certain percentage
After, injection hole or it is sprayed onto in coalmass crevasse, gelatification occurs and forms liliquoid.Colloid is acted on frame,
Flowing water molecule is fixed in colloid, and coal particles are wrapped up, so that reach prevention or reduce the oxidation course of coal, resistance
The only purpose of spontaneous combustionof coal.The retardant that is differently depending on of base-material and coagulant hybrid technique is to be used to prevent spontaneous combustionof coal also
It is to extinguish the coal being under fire.
To prevention chain pillar, coal road height emits and working face goaf coal spontaneous combustion, its technological process are：Sodium metasilicate+calcium
Salt+water wiring solution-forming in proportion；Coagulant+water wiring solution-forming in proportion；After two kinds of solution are mixed by threeway, mud is utilized
Pump by spray solution to need progress fire extinguishing position (as shown in Figure 1)；
For coal spontaneous combustion and there is naked light, its technological process is：Sodium metasilicate+calcium salt+water wiring solution-forming in proportion；Promote
Coagulate agent+water wiring solution-forming in proportion；Solution is transported to mixer using slush pump, by being sprayed at ignition position after being sufficiently mixed
Put, it is necessary to be put out a fire (as shown in Figure 2).
Preferably, application as described above, the coal seam is sulfur-bearing coal seam.
The present invention adds lime stone in base-material waterglass.It is anti-that chemistry is occurred based on the sulphur in lime stone and high-sulfur ore deposit
Should, so that the oxygen uptake ability for fundamentally reducing high-sulfur ore deposit inhibits the spontaneous combustion in coal seam, so as to strengthen gel resistanceization
The flameproof effect of agent.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing colloidal materials are used for coal by application as described above in the form of perfusion or sprinkling
The coal seam being under fire is extinguished in layer spontaneous combustion.
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person, the condition suggested according to normal condition or manufacturer carry out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer, is
Can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
Embodiment 1
The fire extinguishing colloidal materials of the present embodiment, the quality of its sodium metasilicate are 5g, and the quality of lime stone is 7g, ammonium hydrogen carbonate
Quality be 3g, and 85 parts of water；When being configured, as shown in Figure 1, by lime stone and water according to 4:43 mass ratio mixes
Close, be sufficiently stirred 5min wiring solution-formings, then add the sodium metasilicate, be sufficiently stirred 10min and obtain mixture A；By bicarbonate
Ammonium is mixed with the water of surplus, is sufficiently stirred 10min and is obtained mixture B；After two kinds of solution are mixed by threeway, slush pump is utilized
By on spray solution to coal seam, its performance indicator is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
The fire extinguishing colloidal materials of the present embodiment, the quality of its sodium metasilicate are 7g, and the quality of lime stone is 5g, ammonium hydrogen carbonate
Quality be 5g, and 83 parts of water；When being configured, as shown in Figure 1, by lime stone and water according to 4:49 mass ratio mixes
Close, be sufficiently stirred 10min wiring solution-formings, then add the sodium metasilicate, be sufficiently stirred 15min and obtain mixture A；By bicarbonate
Ammonium is mixed with the water of surplus, is sufficiently stirred 15min and is obtained mixture B；After two kinds of solution are mixed by threeway, slush pump is utilized
By on spray solution to coal seam, its performance indicator is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
The fire extinguishing colloidal materials of the present embodiment, the quality of its sodium metasilicate are 6g, and the quality of lime stone is 6g, ammonium hydrogen carbonate
Quality be 4g, and 84 parts of water；When being configured, as shown in Figure 1, by lime stone and water according to 4:46 mass ratio mixes
Close, be sufficiently stirred 10min wiring solution-formings, then add the sodium metasilicate, be sufficiently stirred 10min and obtain mixture A；By bicarbonate
Ammonium is mixed with the water of surplus, is sufficiently stirred 10min and is obtained mixture B；After two kinds of solution are mixed by threeway, slush pump is utilized
By on spray solution to coal seam, its performance indicator is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
The fire extinguishing colloidal materials of this comparative example, the quality of its sodium metasilicate are 2g, and the quality of lime stone is 6g, ammonium hydrogen carbonate
Quality be 4g, and 88 parts of water；Collocation method is the same as embodiment 3；, will using slush pump after by threeway, two kinds of solution are mixed
For spray solution on coal seam, its performance indicator is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
The fire extinguishing colloidal materials of this comparative example, the quality of its sodium metasilicate are 4g, and the quality of lime stone is 6g, ammonium hydrogen carbonate
Quality be 4g, and 86 parts of water；Collocation method is the same as embodiment 3；, will using slush pump after by threeway, two kinds of solution are mixed
For spray solution on coal seam, its performance indicator is as shown in table 1.
Experimental example 1
As can be known from the above table, fire extinguishing colloidal materials gelation time provided by the present invention is moderate, and waterglass proportion is right
The length of gelation time plays an important role, and influence of the lime stone proportion to gelation time be not notable.During gel plastic
Between such as larger than 5min, can be lost in a large amount of gel solutions, or seepage flow enters cracks in coal seam deep layer, or overflow causes damages；Gel
Gelation time such as less than 2min, can prevent gel from effective seepage flow, or form collection knurl, or cause colloid before not formed in coal seam
It is lost in, have impact on cladding of the gel to coal, do not have the effect of fire extinguishing.Therefore the application gelation time compares for 3~5min
It is moderate.
Experimental example 2
Zhejiang governor collects one ore deposit of a Co., Ltd, 4210 working face and goes into operation in early Febuary, 2002.The working face
Belong to Longtan Coal Series C coal seams, brown or black is block or powdered, and hard in coal quality, property is crisp.The coal seam has spontaneous combustion in itself
It is under fire and is inclined to, spontaneous combustion time is shorter (sulfur-bearing), is 1~3 month.In May, 2002 is noted in 4210 work face goafs
Slurry, and measured respectively in no gel retardant and injection new type gel retardant in the upper corner and air return lane of same working face
When, CO concentration and temperature value, when drawing CO concentration shown in Fig. 3~6 and temperature value with after working face mining according to measurement result
Between change curve.
After seeing that 4210 Ileal neobladders use new type gel retardant from May from figure, air return lane and upper corner one aoxidize
Carbon and coal seam temperature all decrease drastically, and coal seam temperature, the variation tendency of carbonomonoxide concentration are the important of spontaneous combustion of coal seam
Mark, their decline have absolutely proved the decrease of spontaneous combustion of coal seam phenomenon, and new type gel retardant plays prevention spontaneous combustion of coal seam
Effect.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe is described in detail the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, but it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its
It can still modify to the technical solution described in foregoing embodiments, either to which part or all technical characteristic
Carry out equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention skill
The scope of art scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fire extinguishing colloidal materials, it is characterised in that according to the mass fraction, the fire extinguishing colloidal materials are by following raw material
It is made：
80~88 parts of 4~8 parts of sodium metasilicate, 4~8 parts of calcium salt, 2~6 parts of coagulant and water.
2. fire extinguishing colloidal materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that according to the mass fraction, the fire extinguishing glue
Body material is made of following raw material：
82~86 parts of 5~7 parts of sodium metasilicate, 5~7 parts of calcium salt, 3~5 parts of coagulant and water.
3. fire extinguishing colloidal materials according to claim 2, it is characterised in that according to the mass fraction, the fire extinguishing glue
Body material is made of following raw material：
84 parts of 6 parts of sodium metasilicate, 6 parts of calcium salt, 4 parts of coagulant and water.
4. according to claims 1 to 3 any one of them fire extinguishing colloidal materials, it is characterised in that the coagulant is ammonium salt.
5. fire extinguishing colloidal materials according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the ammonium salt is ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
6. according to claims 1 to 3 any one of them fire extinguishing colloidal materials, it is characterised in that the calcium salt is lime stone.
7. the preparation method of claim 1~6 any one of them fire extinguishing colloidal materials, it is characterised in that including：By it is each into
Divide and mix；
Preferably, the described method includes：
1) by the calcium salt and water according to 4:43~49 mass ratio mixing, is sufficiently stirred 5min~10min wiring solution-formings, with
After add the sodium metasilicate, be sufficiently stirred and obtain mixture A no less than 10min；
2) mixes the coagulant with the water of surplus, is sufficiently stirred and obtains mixture B no less than 10min；
3) mixes the mixture A with mixture B；
Wherein, step 1) and step 2) are without sequencing.
8. claim 1~6 any one of them fire extinguishing colloidal materials are in preventing spontaneous combustion of coal or extinguish the coal seam being under fire
In application.
9. application according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the coal seam is sulfur-bearing coal seam.
10. application according to claim 8, it is characterised in that by the fire extinguishing colloidal materials using perfusion or sprinkling
Form be used for spontaneous combustion of coal seam or extinguish the coal seam be under fire.
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| CN201711135769.4A CN107929993A (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | A kind of fire extinguishing colloidal materials and preparation method and application |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711135769.4A CN107929993A (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | A kind of fire extinguishing colloidal materials and preparation method and application |
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Family
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109731271A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-10 | 山东科技大学 | Retain the fireproofing extinguishing materials of carbon dioxide in a kind of underground |
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| CN109731271A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-10 | 山东科技大学 | Retain the fireproofing extinguishing materials of carbon dioxide in a kind of underground |
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