CN1079297A - Ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe method and instrument - Google Patents
Ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe method and instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN1079297A CN1079297A CN 92108777 CN92108777A CN1079297A CN 1079297 A CN1079297 A CN 1079297A CN 92108777 CN92108777 CN 92108777 CN 92108777 A CN92108777 A CN 92108777A CN 1079297 A CN1079297 A CN 1079297A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method and instrument of ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe.This method is to design according to the mathematical model that great deal of experiment data is set up, utilize ultrasound wave relation between velocity of propagation and the oil liquid pressure in fluid, utilize the equipment circuit and the microcomputer technology of respective design of the present invention, measure the Δ t value in the mathematical model, converse force value, thereby reach the ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe, carry out the purpose that fault diagnosis and operation detect.The present invention compares with prior art, and method is easy to be reliable, the recall rate height, and instrument is stable, and is easy and simple to handle, the measuring accuracy height.Be the important breakthrough of prior art, technical economic benefit is self-evident.
Description
The invention belongs to hydraulic system and detect and the fault diagnosis technology field, relate to a kind of method and instrument of ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe.
Development along with hydraulic technique, operation detection and troubleshooting issue for hydraulic system also roll up, the present invention's prior art in the past generally all is to carry out analysis and judgement according to the tensimeter or the shown state of sensor that are connected in the hydraulic system, but because a large amount of hydraulically operated equipment (HOE)s does not have or only at a certain fixed position of system tensimeter is housed, just can not get reflection in the time of need investigating thoroughly each of system pressure, particularly under equipment running status, detect, temporarily in pipeline, plug-in mounting tensimeter or sensor are very difficult, even may not.Even just all design and installation is good with tensimeter or sensor when making hydraulically operated equipment (HOE), also can not be between each element of equipment or the position of temporary needs detection all install.Simultaneously; in real work; it is normal and executive component is failure to actuate or phenomenon such as slow movement also usually can to run into tensimeter indication; and from judging at all in appearance hydraulic pump is exported what position that the pressure of fluid generation has passed to system; produced any problem; based on above-mentioned situation, the measuring pressure from outside of pipe problem of hydraulic system has just correspondingly been carried.1989, people such as U.S. JON.K.chndlev proposed a kind ofly to become method and the device that force value was found out hydraulic system fault afterwards to measure the pipe swell increment through transform operation in " pressure outer testing system " literary composition.The principle of this method foundation is: in the pipe of pressure was arranged, the swell increment of pipe was directly proportional with managing interior pressure, was inversely proportional to the product of managing the interior external diameter difference of two squares and elastic modulus.The major defect of this method is:
1, because the swell increment of pipe is a very little order of magnitude, thus the precision of measuring head and susceptibility are required very high, if not high at tube fluid pressure, under the thicker again situation of tube wall just survey do not come out.
2, because the pipe adapter place and away from the pipe of joint under pipe internal pressure same case, its swell increment is different, so that measurement result is influenced by the measuring head installation site is bigger.
3, sensor construction more complicated, the sensitive element costliness, measuring head clamp volume is big, to the hydraulically operated equipment (HOE) of compact conformation lower claw nowhere.
4, owing to temperature variation causes that the variation of expansion of metal amount often influences managed internal pressure and changes the test result that causes that swell increment changes.
5, the method more complicated of Biao Dinging, and must find demarcating of the tubing standard specimen ability identical with measured tube.
Domestic once had report in the research aspect the ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe, and for example " hydraulic pressure and pneumatic " has delivered " ultrasonic wave duct external pressure is measured " literary composition on the 3rd phase in 1989.The principle of the research institute foundation is to utilize acoustic conductance to involve the reflection wave that solid-liquid interface produces at the interface that solid-solid interface produces, and the interference wave amplitude that two ripples form changes and reflects that oil liquid pressure changes, and reaches the measuring pressure from outside of pipe purpose.Because this research is to measure the respective change that ultrasound wave takes place on tube wall equally, with above-mentioned measurement swell increment variation similarity is arranged, the many shortcomings that also have said method and had, with the exception of this, it is inconvenient that this method also has transducer to connect with tube wall, the selection of acoustic conductance relate to material, length and measured tube through etc. a plurality of parameters, extremely be difficult for grasping, and need annex many, shortcoming such as workload is big.
At above-mentioned prior art situation, the present invention proposes a kind of method and instrument of new hydraulic system ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe, purpose is to find a kind of more science, easy, method of testing accurately, and it is reliable to design method according to this method, cheap, easy to carry, the test accuracy height, stable performance, the testing tool of easy operating.
Now design and the technical solution with the inventive method and instrument is described below: known by ultrasonics, when ultrasound wave is propagated in fluid pressure line, pressure increases, parameter such as density, compressibility coefficient also changes, thereby cause the velocity of sound to increase, at a certain temperature, the velocity of sound is linear with the oil liquid pressure increase to be increased, therefore, can utilize this linear relationship to measure the velocity of sound.Thereby obtain the information that oil liquid pressure changes.But owing to directly measure the variation of ultrasonic propagation velocity in the fluid is the comparison difficulty, for certain caliber, measures hyperacoustic travel-time but than being easier to.The inventive method is exactly according to this principle and linear relationship thereof, through a large amount of tests, and a large amount of experimental datas are analysed scientifically and handle, found out the regularity of ultrasonic propagation velocity in the pressure oil liquid, set up pressure test mathematical model with practical value, and utilize the variation of ultrasonic propagation time to derive the variation of acoustic velocity, and then draw the information that pressure changes by technological means.The mathematical model of the inventive method is:
In the formula: P-pipe inner fluid pressure,
φ
0-standard pipe internal diameter (63mm)
φ-any bore
α
0-the scale-up factor that adopted when surveying the pipe internal pressure with the standard pipe internal diameter
The △ t-ripple amount of moving, promptly oil liquid pressure changes the variable quantity of the ultrasonic propagation time that causes
P
0-original pressure
φ in the formula
0, φ, α
0, P
0All be value known or that can demarcate in advance, therefore,,, can solve the problem of ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe as long as find a kind of technical solution that can accurately measure △ t value according to the mathematical model of being set up.
The present invention is achieved in that the measurement of △ t value
To have emission, the ultrasonic probe of receiving ability is as sensitive element, be close on the outer wall of measured tube (referring to Fig. 1), trigger pip triggering probe emission ultrasound wave by this instrument radiating circuit enters tube wall, receive the echo that is reflected by inside pipe wall by probe again and penetrate tube wall and continue in fluid, to propagate until running into the echo that fluid tube wall interface is reflected once more, the echoed signal that is received is sent receiving circuit, receiving circuit send oscillatron to show echoed signal, deliver to logical circuit simultaneously, through the waveform transformation circuit, interface circuit send microcomputer to carry out technical finesse, and the synchronizing signal of complete machine is provided by the synchronization frequency division circuit.Fig. 2 has reflected that the ultrasonic probe ultrasonic waves transmitted enters situation about being reflected in tube wall and the fluid, ripple bo1 among the figure, bo2, bo3 enters the echo that tube wall is reflected, and b11, b21 enter behind the fluid again the echo that is reflected at fluid and tube wall interface, and b12 enters fluid to enter tube wall again by the echo of the outer lateral reflection of tube wall, so form one group one group ripple, between every group of ripple certain intervals is arranged, and all can on oscillograph, show.When the pipe internal pressure increases, ultrasound wave velocity of propagation in oil is accelerated, two groups of wave spacings dwindle on oscillograph, therefore, according to the ripple amount of moving, it is △ t value, can judge the situation that pipe inner fluid pressure increases, when carrying out data processing, as long as determine that on oscillograph a vertical line moves the benchmark (referring to Fig. 3) of counting as ripple, write down respectively zero-pressure and when pressurization test waves to the variable quantity of the distance of reference wave, i.e. our needed △ t value can reach the purpose of ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe then according to the technical finesse of mathematical model and instrument of the present invention.
Digital model P=φ
0/ φ α
0△ t+P
0In α
0Be a scale-up factor relevant with physics, the chemical property of tested fluid, the kind trade mark of fluid, newness degree, impurity what and temperature etc. are to α
0All influential, the equal nonideality of fluid in especially actual the use is used fixing α
0Have error, for improving actual pressure measurement precision, the present invention adopts φ in the formula
0Value is carried out scaling method in advance, promptly before pressure measurement, extracts a small amount of hydraulic oil from fuel tank, with simple its special calibrating device or utilize the tensimeter of equipment under test, records α
0After, with α
0The φ value is keyed in microcomputer, φ
0The value internal memory carries out official testing again.Got rid of the errors that cause because of oil plant is different like this, temperature is identical when guaranteeing the timing signal temperature and testing by technical finesse, and then the error that causes of the temperature difference also can be eliminated.
In addition, during oil pressure in detecting small-bore tubing, (as less than 15mm), use single probe the waveform wild effect may occur, cause increasing difficulty of test, the present invention adopts double oblique probe to test to this situation, because ultrasound wave is oblique incidence and reflection in this case, distance that ripple is walked will not be two times a bore, so corresponding α
0Value should be by P=φ
0/ 1.2 φ α
0△ t+P
0Mathematical model is tested.
According to above-mentioned ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe method, the invention provides a kind of ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe instrument, now concrete technical solution is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Instrument of the present invention is made up of ultrasonic emitting, reception and display system and unit microsystem, and its theory diagram as shown in Figure 1.Mu balanced circuit 2 provides burning voltages such as exchanging 6V, 3V, 200V, direct current 5V～70V with current transformer 1 for complete machine; Hyperacoustic radiating portion is by synchronization frequency division circuit 6, and radiating circuit 3, probe 4 are formed, and for each system provides synchronizing signal, produces high-voltage pulse incentive probe emission ultrasound wave; Receiving circuit 5 received ultrasonic signals, and to signal decay, amplification, filtering, processing such as video amplification; The display part is made up of sweep circuit 8, oscillatron 9, and the waveform of finishing complete machine shows.Microsystem mainly is made up of waveform transformation circuit 11, interface circuit 12, microcomputer 13 and display 10 etc., and this system and logical circuit 7 combine to be controlled complete machine, finishes data acquisition, computing and pressure Presentation Function.7 pairs of three road signals from synchronization frequency division circuit 6, receiving circuit 5 and microcomputer 13 of logical circuit carry out logical operation, produce the timing square wave and send waveform transformation circuit 11.
For guaranteeing accurate extraction and the measurement of the present invention to △ t value, this instrument has carried out original design (referring to Fig. 4) in waveform transformation circuit 11, among Fig. 4, and timing square-wave signal CP
+, CP
-Difference footpath coupled circuit C
1R
1, C
1R
14. 2. sending buffer 22 send interface circuit 12, C after the pin shaping
3R
3, C
4R
5Constitute differentiating circuit respectively to control square-wave signal H differential, diode EK
1And R
3, series connection amplitude limiter circuit on the formation, amplitude limit, EK on the restricting signal
2And R
5Constitute the series connection lower amplitude limiter circuit, amplitude limit under the restricting signal, after impact damper 22 and reverser 23 formation shaping circuits carry out further shaping, processing to the waveform signal of importing, the output spike pulse is to microcomputer 13, use for inquiry, all the other export interface circuit mouth 12 to, and 4 grades of cascade countings through interface circuit latch output 16 bit binary number amounts to microcomputer 13.
In order to reduce instrument element, simplified structure, weight reduction, the present invention also can be form as shown in Figure 5 to the design of waveform transformation circuit 11, is about to CP
+, CP
-Input signal changes a route C into
1R
1The coupled circuit of forming is coupled to timing square-wave signal CP.
Its master routine figure as shown in Figure 7.
Now that description of drawings is as follows:
Fig. 1: ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe method and principle of instrument block diagram
Fig. 2: ultrasound wave enters the situation synoptic diagram that is reflected in tube wall and the fluid
Fig. 3: the ripple amount of moving synoptic diagram
Fig. 4: waveform transformation circuit arrangement 1
Fig. 5: waveform transformation circuit arrangement 2
Fig. 6: instrument workflow diagram
Fig. 7: microcomputer main program block diagram
Wherein: 1, converter 2, mu balanced circuit 3, radiating circuit 4, probe 5, receiving circuit 6, synchronization frequency division circuit 7, logical circuit 8, sweep circuit 9, oscillograph 10, display 11, waveform transformation circuit 12, interface circuit 13, microcomputer 14, keyboard 15, fluid 16, prima group 17, the first ripple group 18, the second ripple group 19, probe 20, pipe thickness 21, benchmark 22, impact damper 23, reverser 24, read exponential quantity 25, read caliber 26, read modified value 27, read oil and plant 28, read temperature value 29, decide slope: set or import 30, decide initial value: set or import 31, gather Echo Rating 32, receive various command 33 calculating pressures and control 34, output shows 35, beginning 36, #60H-SP 37, zero clearing 38, put input state 39, data are sent display buffer 40, call OIR 41, CK call key disk management module 42, the CK call key processing module.
The inventive method and instrument verify through test of many times, and method of testing is easy, reliable, detect than height, the instrument stable and reliable operation, and measuring accuracy is better than A stage pressure table.Compare with prior art, ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe technology is to the important breakthrough of traditional direct feeling tensimeter manometric technique, is specially adapted to fault diagnosis and operational monitoring, owing to adopted question and answer mode input, control, makes that operation is very easy simultaneously.
The practical application of the inventive method and instrument will bring great convenience to the operational monitoring and the fault diagnosis of hydraulic system, and for this technical field provides accurate, practical method and instrument, its technology, economic benefit are self-evident.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe method is characterized in that:
1.1 measure the pressure measurement mathematical model P=φ that derives by experiment with the relation of change in pressure according to ultrasound wave velocity of propagation in fluid
0/ φ α
0△ t+P
0△ t value, draw pressure value P through the technical finesse of instrument of the present invention;
1.2 the measurement of △ t value and the conversion of P value are that the probe with emission receiving ability is close on the measured tube outer wall, trigger pip triggering probe ultrasonic waves transmitted by radiating circuit enters in tube wall and the pipe, receive the echo that is reflected by inwall by probe again and penetrate tube wall and continue in fluid, to propagate until once more by the echo of fluid and tube wall boundary reflection, the echoed signal that is received, send receiving circuit, receiving circuit send oscillatron to show echoed signal, send logical circuit simultaneously, through waveform transformation circuit, interface circuit, send into microcomputer, carry out technical finesse.
1.3 mathematical model P=φ
0/ φ α
0△ t+P
0In scale-up factor α
0Adopt the on-site proving method; Promptly before pressure measurement, from fuel tank, extract a small amount of hydraulic oil, with simple its special calibrating device or utilize the tensimeter of equipment under test, under the situation of exerting pressure, obtain α
0Value is with α
0The φ value is keyed in microprocessor, and φ value internal memory carries out formal pressure measurement again;
2, according to a kind of ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe method described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: measure little in during through the pipe oil liquid pressure, the employing double oblique probe transmits and receives ultrasonic signal, and gets corresponding α
0Value.
3, a kind of ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe method according to claim 1 and the ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe instrument made, have ultrasonic emitting, reception and display system and single-chip microprocessor system, it is characterized in that: the synchronization frequency division circuit is a radiating circuit, and sweep circuit, logical circuit provide synchronizing signal; The timebase that sweep circuit produces send oscillatron; Radiating circuit produces the start pulse signal incentive probe and produces ultrasound wave; The receiving circuit receiving transducer send here signal through decay, amplification, filtering, look and send oscillatron and logical circuit after putting; Logical circuit produces the timing square wave and send the waveform transformation circuit carrying out logical operation from synchronization frequency division circuit, receiving circuit and microcomputer signal, and the timing square wave is converted into 16 bit binary number amounts and send microprocessor after shaping, timing.
4, ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe instrument according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the waveform transformation circuit in the microsystem is with timing square-wave signal CP
+, CP
-Respectively through coupled circuit C
1, R
1, C
2R
2Sending buffer 2., 4. pin, send interface circuit after the shaping; C
3R
3, C
4R
5Constitute differentiating circuit respectively to control square-wave signal H differential; Diode 1 and R
3, diode 2 and R
5Constitute upper and lower series connection amplitude limiter circuit respectively, to the upper and lower amplitude limit of H signal, impact damper and reverser constitute shaping circuit, and the output spike pulse is to microcomputer, and delivering to simultaneously waveform transformation is the interface circuit of 16 bit binary number amounts.
5, ultrasound wave measuring pressure from outside of pipe instrument according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the waveform transformation circuit of microsystem also can be designed to by C
1R
1The coupled circuit of forming is coupled to timing square-wave signal CP and is directly shown the timing square-wave signal and exported 16 BCO sign indicating numbers to microcomputer by 4 ZCL102.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92108777 CN1032558C (en) | 1992-07-29 | 1992-07-29 | Ultrasonic method and instrument for measuring pressure from outside of pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92108777 CN1032558C (en) | 1992-07-29 | 1992-07-29 | Ultrasonic method and instrument for measuring pressure from outside of pipe |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1079297A true CN1079297A (en) | 1993-12-08 |
| CN1032558C CN1032558C (en) | 1996-08-14 |
Family
ID=4943807
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92108777 Expired - Fee Related CN1032558C (en) | 1992-07-29 | 1992-07-29 | Ultrasonic method and instrument for measuring pressure from outside of pipe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1032558C (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101023334B (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2011-10-19 | 西门子公司 | Measuring device for determining temperature and/or pressure and use of said measuring device |
| CN102187214B (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2014-06-04 | 通用电气检查技术有限合伙人公司 | Method for performing ultrasonic testing |
| CN104913873A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-16 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-factor influence-improved ultrasonic hydraulic measurement method and system |
| CN107709951A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-02-16 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | For the device for the pressure for measuring the fluid for flowing through pipeline |
| CN110296790A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-01 | 陕西创威科技有限公司 | A kind of non-intervention type on-line calibration method based on ultrasonic technique |
| CN114485497A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 大连理工大学 | Double-layer thin-wall structure fit clearance ultrasonic measurement device and method |
-
1992
- 1992-07-29 CN CN 92108777 patent/CN1032558C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101023334B (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2011-10-19 | 西门子公司 | Measuring device for determining temperature and/or pressure and use of said measuring device |
| CN102187214B (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2014-06-04 | 通用电气检查技术有限合伙人公司 | Method for performing ultrasonic testing |
| CN104913873A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-16 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-factor influence-improved ultrasonic hydraulic measurement method and system |
| CN104913873B (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2018-04-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of Ultrasonic-wave Hydraulic measuring method and its system for improving multifactor impact |
| CN107709951A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-02-16 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | For the device for the pressure for measuring the fluid for flowing through pipeline |
| CN107709951B (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2020-06-12 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | Device for measuring the pressure of a fluid flowing through a line |
| CN110296790A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-01 | 陕西创威科技有限公司 | A kind of non-intervention type on-line calibration method based on ultrasonic technique |
| CN114485497A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 大连理工大学 | Double-layer thin-wall structure fit clearance ultrasonic measurement device and method |
| CN114485497B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-01-06 | 大连理工大学 | Double-layer thin-wall structure fit clearance ultrasonic measurement device and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1032558C (en) | 1996-08-14 |
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