CN1079292A - Spheric cavity-like straight-through spray type refrigerating method and refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

Class spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating device is working medium with the air, pressure-air is injected into the cooling of expanding in the class spherical cavity from both sides, form cold and hot two strands of air-flows simultaneously, discharge from cold conduit that is located at such spherical cavity bottom and the heat pipe that is located at class spherical cavity top respectively, adjusting lever is equipped with to regulate the hot and cold air ratio in the heat pipe place; The thermal-insulation anticorrosion liner is housed in the class spherical cavity.This refrigerator has has all met or exceeded every index of fluorine Lyons working medium Refrigeration Technique in various aspects such as refrigerating capacity, efficient and efficiency ratios, and manufacturing process is simple, cost is low, pollution-free, can be widely used in various refrigerating fields.

Description

Spheric cavity-like straight-through spray type refrigerating method and refrigerator

The invention belongs to refrigerating plant.

In the existing Refrigeration Technique, be that the Refrigeration Technique of working medium is with fastest developing speed, use the most generally that effect is also best with fluorine Lyons.But because of its to natural, ecological and human survival, the very big harmfulness of development, multiple international conference has stipulated that clearly it limits the use of the phase.

For the substituted freon material as refrigeration working medium, unfavorable factor such as various New Refrigerating technology are constantly germinated like rain the back spring bamboo, but all big because of consuming energy, and the low and refrigerating capacity of refrigerating efficiency is limited and can not applying.

As, semiconductor refrigerating, though effective, power consumption is big, efficient is low; Though it is less that electrothermal suction, desorption refrigeration consume energy, also do not reach deep refrigerating, though Gu Shi circularly cooling efficient is better, but still there is fluorine Lyons material more than 50%; Ammonia refrigeration is also because of having toxicity, and within the restriction scope of application; There are many inherent shortcomings in the refrigeration of Cyclonic cold-hot separator, does not also reach due refrigeration, thereby has limited the field of using.

For example, by French engineer Lan Ka-1933 year at first the invention the swirl control refrigeration technique, shown in Figure 13-1,13-2, its vortex tube comprises jet pipe 1, vortex tube 6, separation orifice 3 and cold and hot two ends pipe 5,4, compressed air tangentially enters minor air cell 6 after entering jet pipe, form free vortex flow, and be separated into temperature two strands of air-flows inequality: the low-temperature airflow of core, through the centre bore outflow of separation orifice 3.The high temperature gas flow of form peripheral edge portions flows out through choke valve 2 from the other end.Utilize this vortex tube can obtain the air-flow of hot and cold two kinds of different temperatures simultaneously.But, because the hot and cold air separation mechanism for this technology does not still have comprehensive analysis so far, just being interpreted as the vortex tube core is low-temperature airflow, periphery is a high temperature gas flow, thereby limit its refrigerator version is that cold airflow is derived from the vortex tube inner rim from vortex tube center discharge thermal current, its effect and further exploitation like this, have just been influenced.

And for example, the Cyclonic Refrigeration Technique, the working mechanism of its cold-hot separator in fact still belongs within the theoretical scope of blue card, institute's difference, just on expanding chamber, added a tangential blowhole, thereby the rotating structure of list of comparable blue card air-flow molecule of irregular movement of many one times in expanding chamber, thereby refrigerating efficiency improved, but because its cooling flow separate mode is identical with blue cassette, so its effect still is restricted.

In addition, above-mentioned blue cassette vortex tube and Cyclonic refrigeration are provided with, and its vortex chamber all is the chamber of pipe shape, and this shape has limited the formation of the irregular micel of gas and effective separation of hot and cold air; And, the two used nozzle all is a kind of shutoff type nozzle, as shown in figure 14, when gas by nozzle after the fine pore b, pressure significantly reduces immediately, the a-b section of nozzle has played the buffering step-down, so the expansion effect when making the gas jetting nozzle reduces greatly, thereby has influenced refrigeration.

In addition, they all adopt low pressure (0.15-0.5MPa) the air way of output, for obtaining certain refrigeration, just require atm number, thus the air source that need match, and this has just limited its refrigerating capacity and range of application.

At the shortcoming of above-mentioned technology, the present invention proposes a kind of New Refrigerating technology.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of spheric cavity-like straight-through spray type refrigerating technology, adopt sphere or class spherical inner chamber expanding chamber structure volume, and hot and cold air is effectively separated with reinforcement expansion effect and the irregular molecular motion of increase gas.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of spheric cavity-like straight-through spray type refrigerating technology, adopt the jet spray regime,, increase the irregular molecular motion volume of gas to strengthen expansion effect.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of spheric cavity-like straight-through spray Refrigeration Technique, improves nozzle arrangements, makes gases at high pressure directly spray into expanding chamber without buffering ground, to strengthen refrigeration.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of spheric cavity-like straight-through spray type refrigerating technology, imports gas with high pressure, forms big pressure reduction, to reach good refrigeration.

Refrigeration Technique of the present invention at first is a building on the new contribution basis of air cooling theory.

The difference of the operation principle of refrigerator of the present invention and traditional vortex tube or Cyclonic refrigeration is:

1, in the traditional vortex tube and Cyclonic Refrigeration Technique, the people emanates stream in the cooling of expanding, and also with the collision of chamber wall and form eddy flow, in this process, because gas molecule and wall collision friction, makes a large amount of thermal currents of generation in the chamber; On the other hand, formed eddy current is the banded gas stream of a kind of vortex of rule, promptly only in the inner irregular movement that just has air molecule of its vortex shape gas zone, that is to say and in cavity, can only form limited irregular air molecule motor area, therefore bigger cold air micel can not be formed, more a high proportion of cold airflow can not be obtained.So though prior art can obtain the cold-peace thermal current of uniform temperature difference, its cold airflow ratio at most only accounts for 50%, can not obtain better refrigeration.

The present invention and prior art fundamental difference part are the formation of avoiding eddy current in the chamber as possible, make full use of the instantaneous adiabatic expansion of gas and the principle of lowering the temperature to obtain higher cold airflow ratio.

The present invention adopts the jet nozzle of sphere or spherical expansion chamber of class and ad hoc structure, guarantee that collision, the friction of incident air-flow on the wall of chamber drops to minimum, avoid forming eddy current, and, make two a fluid stream non-overlappings of emanating, so that the frictional impact between gas molecule drops to is minimum, thereby reduced the ratio of the thermal current that is produced in the chamber widely; Simultaneously, also make between the boundary layer of incident air-flow and the chamber wall certain distance is arranged, make that not only reason and chamber wall do not collide and the formation eddy current gas, but also provide sufficient space for the expansion of gas, thereby strengthened the effect of swell refrigeration, so, compare with other shape expanding chambers with volume, can form maximum air molecule irregular movement district in the expansion chamber of the present invention, i.e. Zui Da cold air micel, the ratio of cold airflow and thermal current can be brought up to 7: 3, and measured result is the highest 78% of the total amount that accounts for of cold air stream.

Figure 10 shows the air-flow potential field after Compressed Gas sprays into expansion chamber of the present invention, initial gas flow field state when wherein Figure 10-1 sprays into for gas, Figure 10-2 is the air-flow potential field of expansion process, and Figure 10-3 is the air-flow potential field of formed irregular micel greatly, has finished process of refrigerastion; That contrast with it is Figure 11-1,11-2,11-3 and Figure 12-1,12-2,12-3 shows the gas expanded gas flow potential field state of the single vortex drift tube type refrigeration of Cyclonic and card orchid, and the just eddy current that both form in expansion chamber after can finding out revolves shape air molecule irregular movement band.The present invention then is big air molecule irregular movement district, promptly big cold air micel.

2, the separation of prior art hot and cold air is to utilize the movement velocity difference of gas molecule in eddy motion, i.e. the difference of centrifugal force and hot and cold air is separated, nature, the thermal current that is produced outside, cold airflow is at the center

Operation principle of the present invention is different with prior art, gas expands in the chamber and forms irregular micel rather than form air whirl, so, the hot and cold air that is produced flow to the difference of nature because of its density, and hot gas is up, cold air down, therefore, the present invention is installed in heat, cold airflow conduit respectively the top and the bottom of expansion chamber, thereby has obtained good hot and cold air separating effect.

3, adopt high pressure input gas, form and import and export big pressure reduction, thereby can strengthen speed of expansion and increase the volume of the irregular molecular motion of gas.

According to above-mentioned principle, the basic scheme of refrigerator of the present invention, be that compressed air is sprayed score a goal shape or the spherical expansion chamber of class in the explosive decompression mode, described compressed air is from the both sides of spherical cavity, send in this sphere or the class spherical cavity with parallel and symmetrical manner with respect to the spherical cavity axis, the thermal current that forms in this expansion chamber is derived from the top of spherical cavity, and cold air is discharged from the bottom.

Refrigerator of the present invention is in refrigerating capacity, and all directions faces such as tolerance efficient and efficiency ratio all are better than and existing other Refrigeration Techniques, reaches and surpassed every index (seeing below attached tables of data) of fluorine Lyons working medium Refrigeration Technique, thereby fully can the substituted freon refrigeration.And refrigerator manufacturing process of the present invention is simple, and cost is low, especially in absolute pollution-free this importance, is better than existing Refrigeration Techniques such as fluorine Lyons greatly, and therefore, refrigerator of the present invention can be widely used in various refrigeration plants.

The effect of Refrigeration Technique of the present invention and other Refrigeration Techniques relatively is listed as follows:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail by embodiment:

Fig. 1 is a refrigerator schematic top plan view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is A-A among Fig. 1, B-B, C-C profile.

Fig. 3 is a refrigerator front elevational schematic of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a refrigerator nozzle structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is another embodiment front elevational schematic of refrigerator of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a refrigerator of the present invention embodiment front elevational schematic again.

Fig. 7 is the another embodiment front elevational schematic of refrigerator of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the another embodiment schematic top plan view of refrigerator of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is outer another form schematic diagram of solid of the another embodiment of refrigerator of the present invention.

Figure 10-1,10-2,10-3 is air-flow potential field figure in the refrigerator of the present invention.

Figure 11-1,11-2,11-3 are Cyclonic refrigerator air-flow potential field figure.

Figure 12-1,12-2,12-3 are blue cassette vortex tube air-flow potential field figure.

Figure 13-1,13-2 are blue cassette vortex tube structural representation.

Figure 14 is blue cassette, Cyclonic nozzle schematic diagram.

Initial gas force and velocity of a current field when 1 among Figure 10,11,12 sprays into for gas, 2 is the air-flow potential field in the expansion process, 3 are the back air-flow potential field that expands.

As Fig. 1,2, shown in 3, refrigerator of the present invention comprises the outer solid 1 of an opposite opened expansion chamber, should outer solid 1 inside be a spherical expansion chamber 2, heat insulating and corrosion liner 3 is arranged in the spherical cavity 2, and a high pressure snorkel 4 is respectively installed in the relative both sides of solid 1 outside, is fixed with nozzle 5 in this high pressure snorkel 4, nozzle 5 extends the spherical cavity inwall, in order to strengthen the expansion effect of Compressed Gas, nozzle 5 as shown in Figure 4, its front portion is a thin footpath straight tube 6, make the gases at high pressure that enter in nozzle, be not cushioned decompression and until nozzle exit end just sudden pressure reduction expand, one cold air tap is arranged under described spherical cavity 2, install a cold conduit 7, the cold conduit 7 outer muffs 8 that are surrounded by, one hot gas tap is arranged directly over spherical cavity 2, install a heat pipe 9, a upper gas chamber 10 is set outside this heat pipe 9, have a heat outlet 11 on the upper gas chamber 10, and an adjusting lever 12 is installed, in order to adjust the hot gas flow, cold to regulate, the ratio of thermal current and temperature, these adjusting lever 12 usefulness collars 13 lockings; Described to over the halves of solid 1 have fastening through-hole 14(Fig. 3), bolt is tight with outer solid 1 bolt by this through hole, outer solid 1 is pacified shape hole 15(Fig. 1 in addition) so that refrigerator is installed on the applied refrigeration plant.

Another embodiment of refrigerator of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the high pressure snorkel (4) that is installed in outer solid (1) both sides is positioned on the equatorial plane with the ball chamber of hot and cold air outlet axis normal, on this plane, still as shown in Figure 1, the axis of two snorkels (4) not point-blank but within the tangent line in ball chamber, is not symmetrical arranged with respect to the ball cavity axis is parallel; Its structure of installation position of two snorkels (4) is design like this: make air inject expansion chamber with the straight-through pattern of circle, when initially injecting, form boundary layer nonoverlapping two coniform air flow stream, with the head-on collision between the gas molecule of avoiding two air flow stream, friction; Simultaneously, leave the space between the boundary layer of conical flow and the ball cavity wall, avoiding the collision of gas and chamber wall, friction and form eddy flow, and provide bigger space for the expansion of gas.

An embodiment again of refrigerator of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, its outer solid (1) with shown in Figure 5 different be to form by oblique two parts of splitting mode, still can utilize bolting between two parts.

The another embodiment of refrigerator of the present invention, shown in Fig. 7,8, its outer solid (1) can be made up of following three parts: the outer solid stage casing (1-1) that is equiped with snorkel (4), the outer solid hypomere (1-3) of the outer solid epimere (1-2) of installing heat pipe (9) and the cold conduit of installing (7), the inner chamber (2-1) in stage casing (1-1) is a billiard table shape, upper and lower section (1-2) inner chamber (2-2) (1-3) is a segment shape (2-3), three a sections inner altogether spherical cavity or class spherical cavities of forming of outer solid; The connection of three sections outer solids can adopt upper and lower section (1-2) (1-3) to be tightened against the mode of stage casing (1-1) by screw thread; Its nozzle installing mode is with embodiment illustrated in fig. 5 identical.

The expansion chamber shape of present embodiment also can have various ways to change, and as shown in Figure 9, the radius of curvature of outer solid epimere (1-2) and hypomere (1-3) inner chamber concave surface can be unequal, can provide different expansion spaces to hot and cold air-flow as required.

In addition, the interior concave shape that goes up the outer solid of hypomere also can not be the part of same sphere, but an ellipsoid or a paraboloidal part.

The cavity of this uniqueness of the present invention and nozzle structure, make the potential-flow field that produces after the gas incident shown in Figure 10-1, its development is shown in Figure 10-2,10-3, can be clear that, with Figure 11,12 differences do not form the air-flow potential field based on eddy current in spherical cavity, but form big irregular micel, i.e. cold air micel.

The course of work of above-mentioned refrigerator is as follows: the pressure-air of general＞0.7MPa is after two snorkels 4 and nozzle 5 are sent into sphere or class spherical cavity 2, puffing immediately, through expansion process shown in Figure 10, form a big cold air micel rapidly, cold air is because density is bigger, discharged by cold conduit 7 rapidly, this thigh continuously cold airflow temperature can be lower than-8 ℃; Again because the high-voltage high-speed injection, air is in spherical cavity 2 inwalls collisions with along the result of inwall flowage friction and collision of molecules friction, in the chamber, produced one thermal current, because thermal current density is little, adjust lower edge heat outlets 11 by heating pipe 9 at adjusting lever 12 and discharge very soon, can obtain thermal current continuously, temperature can reach more than 40 ℃.

Because the unique texture-spherical expansion chamber and the specific nozzle of refrigerator of the present invention are provided with position and structure thereof, reduced air-flow in the chamber and the friction of wall, and two strands of air-flow molecules between collision, thereby the thermal current ratio of generation is reduced, the cold airflow ratio increases.Thereby reach the purpose of highly effective refrigeration.

Refrigerator experimental data of the present invention such as following table:

Experiment is carried out on a kind of reciprocating type suspension body compressor, gas production 0.35m/min, maximum pressure 1.0MPa, power 700W.

According to above-mentioned experiment, the general performance index of Refrigeration Technique of the present invention is as can be known:

Refrigerating efficiency:＞3500KCal/h.km;

Coefficient of refrigerating performance (efficiency ratio):＞3.5;

Tolerance efficient (gas transmission rate):＞65%;

The cold output temperature difference (with the environment temperature ratio):＞35 ℃;

Cold air temperature: be lower than-12 ℃

When gas source temperature was reduced to below 25 ℃, cold air temperature was reduced to-12 ℃ below-14 ℃, and when utilizing circulating cold air, cold air temperature is then reduced to-15 ℃--below 20 ℃.Can satisfy the low-temperature receiver requirement of cold product in the first cold-peace fully.

Experimental result shows that also distribution pressure becomes positive correlation with refrigeration, and the ordinary circumstance downforce and can be regulated and control in the 0.7-1.4MPa scope as required.Further experimental results show that, requirement for the low-temperature receiver that satisfies deep cooling, working pressure can be regulated and control in the 0.7-40MPa scope, when intensified pressure, as long as carry out the conversion of compression-resistant material and overall dimensions by 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of the present invention, just can obtain required low-temperature receiver, simultaneously, also can be used as the thermal source comprehensive utilization by the thermal current that separates.

Claims (10)

1, a kind spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating method sprays an into non-pressure vessel with compressed air in the explosive decompression mode; In this container, expand and form hot and cold air-flow, this hot and cold air-flow is flowed out from described container two ends respectively, it is characterized in that: described non-pressure vessel is the globular expansion chamber, described compressed air is sent in the chamber with flat shape and symmetrical manner with respect to this spherical cavity axis from the both sides of such spherical cavity; The thermal current that forms in the described class spherical cavity flows out from top, and cold airflow flows out from the bottom; In the thermal current exit thermal current flow is regulated, to regulate the flow-rate ratio of hot and cold air-flow.

2, a kind of class spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described with respect to parallel and symmetrical two in the chamber bundle compressed air of sending into of class spherical cavity axis, be with the perpendicular spheric cavity-like equatorial plane of thermal current, cold airflow outlet axis in two side direction spherical cavities, spray into;

Compressed air sprays into the spherical expansion chamber of class with the straight-through pattern of circle, when initially spraying into, forms the non-overlapping coniform air-flow in two bundle boundary layers in the chamber, and leaves the space between the conical surface boundary layer of air-flow and the class spherical cavity inwall.

3, a kind of as claim 1,2 described class spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating methods, it is characterized in that: compressed-air actuated pressure is in the 0.7-40Mpa scope, and this pressure-air does not have the direct decompressional expansion in buffering ground in the class spherical cavity.

4, a kind spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating device comprises compressed air jet pipe, nozzle, expansion chamber, hot and cold gas eduction tube, it is characterized in that: described expanding chamber is made of the outer solid of opposite opened two halves, and this outer solid interior is a spherical cavity; A high pressure snorkel is respectively adorned in the relative both sides of solid outside, and two-supremes force feed tracheae is installed with parallel and symmetrical manner with respect to the ball cavity axis; Respectively install a nozzle in the two-supremes force feed tracheae, in spherical cavity, to send into the high pressure expanded air; Installing one air coolant tube below described spherical cavity, to discharge cold air, installing one heat pipe to discharge hot gas, is installed an adjusting lever in this heat pipe exit above this spherical cavity, to regulate the ratio of hot and cold air flow.

5, a kind of class spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the described high pressure nozzle of supplying gas is circular through type jet nozzle, its installation position and structure are so designs, promptly two nozzles are positioned at cold, thermal current exports on the perpendicular ball chamber equatorial plane of axis, on this plane, the axis of two nozzles is within the tangent line in ball chamber, with the equidistant symmetrical parallel setting of ball cavity axis, make the initial injection air-flow in the chamber, form boundary layer non-overlapping two coniform air-flows, and leave the space between the conical surface boundary layer of air-flow and the ball cavity wall.

6, a kind of it is characterized in that: the exit portion of described nozzle is a small-bore straight tube as claim 4,5 described class spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating devices, so that gases at high pressure do not enter spherical cavity with having buffering and expand rapidly.

7, a kind of class spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: the outer solid of described opposite opened is that the oblique two parts of splitting are formed.

8, a kind spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating device comprises compressed air jet pipe, nozzle, expansion chamber, hot and cold gas outlet pipe, it is characterized in that:

Described expansion chamber is combined by the three sections outer solids in upper, middle and lower, and solid interior forms the class spherical cavity outside these three sections;

Intersegmental part is a ball-table shape class spherical cavity in the outer solid, respectively adorn a high pressure snorkel in its outside both sides relatively, two snorkels are installed on the greatest circle tee section of spherical cavity, at the axis of two nozzles on this plane within the tangent line in ball chamber, with the equidistant symmetrical parallel setting of ball cavity axis;

The top of outer solid hypomere is the spherical concave surface of a class that matches with outer solid stage casing inner chamber, installs an air coolant tube downwards in its center, to discharge cold air;

The bottom of outer solid epimere is the spherical concave surface of a class that matches with outer solid stage casing inner chamber, upwards installs a hot gas conduit in its center, to discharge hot gas, in this heat pipe exit one adjusting lever is installed, to regulate the ratio of hot and cold air flow;

Nozzle cooperates with spheric cavity-like, makes the initial injection air-flow form border non-overlapping two coniform air-flows in the chamber, and leaves the space between the conical surface boundary layer of air-flow and the ball cavity wall.

9, a kind of it is characterized in that: described nozzle exit portion is a small-bore straight tube as claim 7,8 described class spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating devices, so that gases at high pressure do not enter the class spherical cavity with having buffering and expand rapidly.

10, a kind of class spherical cavity straight-through spray type refrigerating device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: the spatial volume of described outer solid hypomere spheric cavity-like is unequal with the spatial volume of outer solid epimere spheric cavity-like.

Images