CN107919666B - Regional power grid transient stability online comprehensive prejudgment method based on wide area response - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a regional power grid transient stability online comprehensive prejudgment method based on wide area response, which comprises the following steps of: 1) extracting data required by online prejudgment of transient stability of the regional power grid based on actual measurement information of a wide area measurement system; 2) according to the extracted voltage and current data, primarily judging the transient stability of the regional power grid based on the voltage track; 3) uploading the substation measurement data and the transient stability initial judgment result to a main station of the regional power grid, and judging whether further transient stability criterion calculation based on the unevenness of the phase plane trajectory is needed; 4) and combining voltage track transient state criterion calculation results uploaded by the substation, performing unit grouping and transient state stability judgment based on the unevenness of the phase plane track under the extreme condition of voltage steep drop and the like, and synthesizing judgment results of the two methods to give a final transient state stability pre-judgment result of the regional power grid. The method comprehensively utilizes the advantages of two transient state stability judgment methods, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the transient state stability pre-judgment result of the regional power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of transient stability prejudgment analysis, and particularly relates to a regional power grid transient stability online prejudgment method based on wide area response.
Background
With the increasing expansion of the scale of the power grid, the operation state is random and changeable, and many serious power grid safety and stability accidents occur at home and abroad, and the experience teaching deepens the deep research on the technical measures for analyzing and controlling the stability of the power grid. The development based on a wide area measurement system enables the transient analysis control technology to utilize real-time measurement information, and through the improvement and analysis of the existing model, the reliability and the rapidity of the system instability early warning can be improved to a certain extent, the possibility of system disconnection or large-area power failure accidents caused by large disturbance is reduced, and the system stability is improved.
At present, the research and development of the transient stability discrimination technology are rapid, and more researches are carried out on the calculation and improvement of the transient stability criterion. The power angle threshold value criterion is high in accuracy, but the required unit power angle information in the system is high in requirement and long in discrimination time, and the criterion is generally used as a reference for discrimination result analysis. The phase plane trajectory concavity and convexity based criterion carries out differential operation by utilizing actually measured angular velocity and power angle information, the transient stability of the system can be judged relatively quickly, but the calculation of the concavity and convexity criterion is based on accurate unit grouping equivalence, the differential process of the algorithm is easy to enlarge errors, and the misjudgment possibility is high. The transient state stable state of the system is judged according to the voltage integral result by utilizing the mapping relation between the voltage falling process and the power angle change after the fault based on the disturbed voltage track integral criterion, the machine set grouping is not needed, the erroneous judgment condition caused by inaccurate grouping is avoided, but certain extreme faults can cause the voltage falling too fast, the integral time is short, and the judgment is influenced.
In order to overcome the defects of the method and meet the requirements of accurate transient stability judgment and quick transient stability judgment, the invention provides an online comprehensive pre-judgment method for the transient stability of a regional power grid based on Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) data, and the accuracy and the rapidity of the pre-judgment of the transient stability of the System are improved through the effective cooperation of two algorithms of voltage track integration and phase plane track concavity and convexity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve an online predication method for transient stability of a regional power grid, which needs to comprehensively consider the requirements on reliability and rapidity of online predication, determine a proper transient stability predication method and improve the response speed of a transient stability system of the regional power grid.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a regional power grid transient stability online comprehensive prejudgment method based on wide area response, which comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, extracting data required by online comprehensive prejudgment of transient stability of a regional power grid based on actual measurement information of a wide area measurement system;
secondly, performing transient stability online prejudgment on the regional power grid by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on improved voltage track integration according to the extracted voltage and current data;
thirdly, uploading the substation measurement data and the transient stability online pre-judgment result to a main station of the regional power grid, and judging whether further calculation is needed by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on the unevenness of the phase plane trajectory;
and fourthly, combining the voltage track integral transient stability online pre-judgment results uploaded by the substation, grouping the units, judging the transient stability of the transient stability under the condition of steep voltage drop by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on the concavity and the convexity of the phase plane track, and synthesizing the judgment results of the two methods to give a final transient stability pre-judgment result of the power grid in the area.
Further, in the first step, all the substations of the regional power grid are compared and analyzed, the observation substation for online comprehensive prediction of transient stability of the regional power grid is determined, the relevant electrical quantity information of the synchronous clock based on the GPS time reference is measured through the synchronous phasor measurement module installed in each observation substation, and the voltage, current, generator angular velocity, power angle, electromagnetic power and mechanical power data in the relevant electrical quantity information are extracted and sent to the data concentrator of each substation.
Further, the transient stability discrimination method based on the improved voltage trajectory integral in the second step is used for calculating the transient stability criterion of the regional power grid by taking the projection u cos phi of the voltage of the measuring point on the current as the oscillation center voltage according to the extracted voltage and current data; where u is the sampled voltage and phi is the power factor angle of the measurement point.
Further, in the third step, the specific method for judging whether further calculation needs to be performed by adopting the transient stability determination method based on the phase plane trajectory concavity and convexity is as follows: and comprehensively considering the current measured voltage value and the substation transient stability judgment result based on the improved voltage track integral, when the voltage measurement value does not meet the initial integral voltage range effectively judged by the voltage track integral criterion and the voltage steep drop influences the accuracy of the voltage track integral result, judging that unit grouping is required to be continuously carried out and further transient stability judgment is carried out by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on the unevenness of the phase plane track.
Further, in the fourth step, according to the angular speed, power angle, electromagnetic power and mechanical power data of the generator measured by the substation, the online pre-judgment result of the transient stability of the voltage track integral uploaded by the substation is combined, the grouping of the units is carried out, the transient stability judgment is carried out by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on the concavity and the convexity of the phase plane track, the judgment results of the two methods are integrated, and the final pre-judgment result of the transient stability of the power grid in the area is given.
Compared with the prior art, its obvious advantage is:
1) the voltage used for calculation is further close to the oscillation center, so that the influence of time-varying property on transient state stability judgment of a voltage trajectory method is reduced;
2) the accuracy of the unit grouping based on the voltage trajectory method result is higher, and the accuracy of the transient state stability judgment result based on the phase plane trajectory concavity and convexity is improved;
3) on the basis of transient state judgment stability of a voltage trajectory integration method, further verification is carried out by using a phase plane trajectory concave-convex criterion, the influence of conditions such as voltage steep drop on a transient state judgment result of the voltage trajectory method is reduced, and the reliability of transient state stability judgment of the power grid in the whole area is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an online comprehensive prejudgment method for transient stability of a regional power grid based on wide area response;
FIG. 2 is a network topology of a regional power grid of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transient stability online prejudgment principle of the regional power grid substation of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the transient stability online prejudgment principle of the regional power grid master station.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
The invention provides a regional power grid transient stability online comprehensive prejudgment method based on wide area response, which comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, extracting data required by online prejudgment of transient stability of a regional power grid based on actual measurement information of a wide area measurement system;
secondly, performing initial transient stability judgment on the regional power grid by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on voltage track integration according to the extracted voltage and current data;
thirdly, uploading the substation measurement data and the transient stability initial judgment result to a main station of the regional power grid, and judging whether further calculation is needed by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on the unevenness of the phase plane trajectory;
and fourthly, combining the voltage track integral transient stability criterion calculation results uploaded by the substation to divide the units into groups, judging the transient stability of the transient stability under the condition of steep voltage drop by adopting a transient stability judging method based on the concavity and the convexity of the phase plane track, and synthesizing the judgment results of the two methods to give a final transient stability prejudgment result of the power grid in the area.
Further, in the first step, all the substations of the regional power grid are compared and analyzed, the observation substation with the regional transient stability prejudgment is determined, the relevant electrical quantity information of the synchronous clock based on the GPS time reference is measured through a synchronous phasor measurement module arranged on each observation substation, and the voltage, current, angular velocity, power angle, electromagnetic power and mechanical power data in the observation substation are extracted and sent to a data concentrator of each substation.
And further, in the second step, according to the extracted voltage and current data, calculating a regional power grid transient stability criterion based on voltage track integration. The transient instability quantification method based on the voltage trajectory method judges the transient stability of the system by integrating the fixed point voltage with the weight value with the time and weighting the voltage reduction rate. The accuracy of the voltage integral criterion depends on the mapping relation between the power angle and the oscillation center voltage, and the oscillation center voltage is influenced by factors such as a system operation mode, faults and other complex regulation mechanisms. In order to improve the accuracy of the integral criterion, the original fixed point voltage is replaced by the projection u cos phi of the voltage on the current to obtain the transient stability online prejudgment criterion of the regional power grid substation as shown in the formula (1):
wherein, ucos phi (t) is the projection of the sampling voltage on the current at the time t; vUFor integration start time t0Starting voltage set value of tendFor the integration termination time, R is the integral value of the voltage trace over time, T is the sampling time, and φ is the power factor angle of the measurement point.
And when the integral value R is larger than a preset threshold value, judging the transient instability of the substation. The threshold value is generally determined based on the maximum integral value in the critically stable trajectory.
Further, in the third step, the current measured voltage value and the substation transient state judgment result based on the improved voltage trajectory method are comprehensively considered, if the substation is judged to be unstable, and the voltage measurement value does not meet the initial integral voltage range effectively judged by the voltage trajectory integration criterion and has the condition of voltage drop, namely the condition of formula (2) is met, the unit grouping and the transient state judgment based on the phase plane trajectory concavity and convexity are judged to be required to be continuously carried out.
In the equation, V (T) is the voltage at the time of T sampling, Δ V (T) -V (T-T) is the amount of change in voltage before and after the sampling point adjacent to the sampling point, and α is a coefficient relating to the voltage drop amplitude, and is generally empirically 10.
Further, in the fourth step, the angular speed omega of the generator with the number i measured by the substation is used as the basisiAngle of rotationiElectromagnetic power PeiMechanical power PmiData, voltage track integral transient stability criterion calculation result R uploaded by the substation2And (4) grouping the units according to the formula (3) to obtain an equivalent two-machine system. Omegas、s、Ms、Pes、PmsRespectively representing the angular velocity, power angle, inertia time constant, electromagnetic power and mechanical power, omega, of the generator of the preceding group SA、A、MA、PeA、PmAThe generator angular velocity, power angle, inertia time constant, electromagnetic power and mechanical power of the lag group a are respectively represented.
then the two-machine system is used as a single-machine infinite system according to the equivalence of the formula (4) to obtain the generator angular velocity omega of the equivalent single-machine systemeqAngle of rotationeqTime constant of inertia MeqElectromagnetic powerMechanical power
calculating the slope k of the angular velocity power-angle trajectory curve of the equivalent single-machine system according to the formula (5) by using the equivalent parameters
And then calculating to obtain the concave-convex variation trend of the phase locus of the angular velocity power angle curve, namely the unstable criterion tau is
τ=k(t)-k(t-1) (6)
Where t represents the time of sampling.
Considering the existence of non-autonomous factors such as generator excitation regulation, frequency regulation and the like, the equivalent electromagnetic power and power angle of the multi-machine system are not in a strict sine function relationship. For this purpose, the amount of change of the knee curve of the power angle curve over time is taken into accountIs composed of
Wherein the auxiliary criterion mu of the multi-machine system is obtained by calculation
The criterion for obtaining the transient instability of the multi-machine system is
τ > 0 and μ > 0 (9)
And (3) calculating unit grouping equivalent system parameters at a regional power grid master station according to the formulas (3) and (4), then calculating an angular velocity power angle curve phase locus concave-convex criterion value of the equivalent single-machine infinite system according to the formulas (5) to (8), and judging the transient stable state of the regional power grid according to the formula (9). And (4) integrating the transient stability judgment results of the second step to the fourth step, and giving a final transient stability pre-judgment result of the regional power grid.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the wide area response-based online comprehensive pre-judging method for transient stability of a regional power grid, in which: extracting data required by transient stability judgment, namely extracting data required by online pre-judgment of the transient stability of the regional power grid based on actual measurement information of a wide area measurement system; the initial pre-judgment of the transient stability of the regional power grid is to perform initial judgment of the transient stability of the regional power grid based on voltage track integration according to the extracted voltage and current data; analyzing the primary transient stability judgment result of the regional power grid, namely uploading substation measurement data and the primary transient stability judgment result to a master station of the regional power grid, and analyzing and judging whether further transient stability criterion calculation based on the unevenness of a phase plane track is needed; the comprehensive pre-judging of the transient stability of the regional power grid is realized by combining a voltage track transient criterion calculation result uploaded by the substation, performing unit grouping and transient stability judgment based on the unevenness of a phase plane track on the transient stability condition under the condition of voltage steep drop, and giving a comprehensive pre-judging result of the transient stability of the regional power grid.
To illustrate the solution of the present invention, a specific example is given below:
step one, extracting data required by online prejudgment of transient stability of a regional power grid based on actual measurement information of a wide area measurement system. The line structure diagram of the regional power grid is shown in fig. 2, and is a partial structure of a 220kV power grid in a certain place. The observation master station is set at point 1. The fault settings are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Fault setup List
And step two, the observation substation structure is shown in fig. 3, measured voltage and current data are extracted from the data concentrator, and initial judgment of transient stability of the regional power grid based on voltage trajectory integration is carried out according to the formula (1).
Thirdly, uploading the substation measurement data and the transient stability initial judgment result to a main station of the regional power grid through a communication module, and judging whether further transient stability criterion calculation based on the unevenness of the phase plane track is needed or not according to the formula (2);
and fourthly, according to the angular speed, the power angle, the electromagnetic power and the mechanical power data of the generator measured by the substation, combining the voltage track integral transient stability criterion calculation result uploaded by the substation, performing unit grouping and transient stability judgment based on the phase plane track concavity and convexity according to the formulas (3) to (9), and synthesizing the judgment results of the two methods to give a final transient stability pre-judgment result of the power grid in the area.
A transient stability prejudgment result of the regional power grid based on wide-area response is obtained through simulation analysis, a maximum power angle difference criterion result is taken as a reference, and a voltage trajectory integral method, a phase plane trajectory concave-convex method, a comprehensive prejudgment method of the patent and a specific time (cycle) for judging instability are given as shown in a table 2.
TABLE 2 discrimination result of transient stability of regional power grid
From the simulation result, although the voltage trajectory method has a high judging speed, the possibility of misjudgment and missed judgment exist under certain extreme faults, and the possibility of misjudgment also exists in the judgment of the unevenness of the phase plane trajectory, so that the improved comprehensive prejudging method combines the advantages of the two methods and makes up the defects to a certain extent, the accuracy of the transient and stable judging result is improved, and the relatively high judging speed is maintained.
The wide-area-response-based regional power grid transient stability online comprehensive prejudgment method provided by the invention integrates the advantages of a voltage trajectory integration method and a phase plane trajectory concavity and convexity method, reduces the possibility of misjudgment and missed judgment caused by single criterion under extreme conditions such as voltage steep drop and the like, improves the reliability of the overall regional power grid transient stability prejudgment, and has certain guiding significance on the stable operation of the regional power grid.
Claims (4)
1. A regional power grid transient stability online comprehensive prejudgment method based on wide area response is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, extracting data required by online comprehensive prejudgment of transient stability of a regional power grid based on actual measurement information of a wide area measurement system;
secondly, performing transient stability online prejudgment on the regional power grid by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on improved voltage track integration according to the extracted voltage and current data;
thirdly, uploading the substation measurement data and the transient stability online pre-judgment result to a main station of the regional power grid, and judging whether further calculation is needed by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on the unevenness of the phase plane trajectory;
the specific method for judging whether further calculation is needed by adopting the transient stability judging method based on the phase plane trajectory concavity and convexity comprises the following steps: comprehensively considering the current measured voltage value and the substation transient stability online prejudgment result based on the improved voltage trajectory integration, when the voltage measurement value does not meet the initial integration voltage range effectively judged by the voltage trajectory integration criterion and the voltage steep drop influences the accuracy of the voltage trajectory integration result, judging that the unit grouping needs to be continuously carried out and further carrying out transient stability judgment by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on the unevenness of the phase plane trajectory;
and fourthly, combining the voltage track integral transient stability online pre-judgment results uploaded by the substation, grouping the units, judging the transient stability of the transient stability under the condition of steep voltage drop by adopting a transient stability judgment method based on the concavity and the convexity of the phase plane track, and synthesizing the judgment results of the two methods to give a final transient stability pre-judgment result of the power grid in the area.
2. The wide-area-response-based regional power grid transient stability online comprehensive prejudgment method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, all the substations of the regional power grid are compared and analyzed to determine the observation substation for online comprehensive prejudgment of the regional power grid transient stability, the synchronized phasor measurement module installed at each observation substation is used to measure the information of the electrical quantity related to the synchronized clock based on the GPS time reference, and the voltage, current, generator angular velocity, power angle, electromagnetic power and mechanical power data in the information are extracted and sent to the data concentrator of each substation.
3. The wide-area-response-based online comprehensive pre-judging method for transient stability of the regional power grid according to claim 1, wherein the transient stability judging method based on the improved voltage trajectory integral in the second step is used for calculating the transient stability criterion of the regional power grid by taking projection ucos phi of voltage of a measuring point on current as oscillation center voltage according to the extracted voltage and current data; where u is the sampled voltage and phi is the power factor angle of the measurement point.
4. The wide-area-response-based online comprehensive pre-judging method for transient stability of the regional power grid according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, according to angular speed, power angle, electromagnetic power and mechanical power data of the generator measured by the substation, the online pre-judging result of voltage trajectory integral transient stability uploaded by the substation is combined to perform unit grouping and transient stability judgment by adopting a transient stability judging method based on phase plane trajectory concavity and convexity, and the judging results of the two methods are combined to give the final pre-judging result of the transient stability of the regional power grid.
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CN110867862B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-01-01 | 国家电网有限公司 | Power grid transient voltage stability quantitative evaluation method |
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CN112150304A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-29 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | Power grid running state track stability prejudging method and system and storage medium |
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