CN107917999A - A kind of acid/base liquid corrodes the research method of reservoir rock dynamic characteristic - Google Patents

A kind of acid/base liquid corrodes the research method of reservoir rock dynamic characteristic Download PDF

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CN107917999A
CN107917999A CN201710726386.8A CN201710726386A CN107917999A CN 107917999 A CN107917999 A CN 107917999A CN 201710726386 A CN201710726386 A CN 201710726386A CN 107917999 A CN107917999 A CN 107917999A
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mrow
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佘继平
张�浩
邵孟璟
钟颖
张宇
袁洋
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Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses the research method that a kind of acid/base liquid corrodes reservoir rock dynamic characteristic, belong to Reservoir Development field.Research method includes:Etchant is configured, measures and records the pH value of the etchant;Weigh mineral samplers and record its quality m1, mineral samplers and etchant are mixed and are reacted in the reactor of sealing, after question response, measures and records the pH value of reaction mixture;Reaction mixture is stood, is filtered, obtains solid product, cleaning solid product is in neutrality up to filtrate, obtains remaining sample, then drying to constant weight by remaining sample, weighs and records the weight m of the remaining sample2;Reaction rate is calculated, reaction activity is calculated according to reaction rate, calculates the erosion ratio of reaction;Erosion effect of the etchant to mineral samplers is judged according to the size of erosion ratio and reaction activity.Invention has the advantages of high efficiency, cost is low, simple and practicable, has great importance to reservoir protection and its economic development.

Description

Research method for dynamic characteristics of acid/alkali liquor erosion reservoir rock
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of damage evaluation of working fluid to a reservoir in the reservoir transformation and reservoir protection processes in oil and gas reservoir development, in particular to a research method for dynamic characteristics of acid/alkali liquor erosion reservoir rock.
Background
With the continuous development of petroleum exploration and development technical means, more and more complex compact oil and gas reservoirs are put into development, and acid fracturing becomes an important technical means for reservoir transformation. Due to the complexity of the composition and the structure of reservoir minerals, the reaction mechanism of the acid liquid and the reservoir rocks is very complex, so that the acidification design has great blindness, and the success rate and the efficiency of acidification are seriously influenced by the design of the acid liquid formula and the optimization of process parameters to a great extent according to field experience. In view of the dynamics of acid/alkali solution erosion reservoir rock, a great deal of research work has been done by the predecessors and a great deal of results have been obtained, but in the indoor experimental method, the problems of high requirements on experimental equipment, limitation on the types, forms and dosage of reservoir rock samples, limitation on the properties of experimental fluids, few experimental groups which can be simultaneously performed and the like exist.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing problems, the invention aims to provide a method for researching the dynamic characteristics of reservoir rock eroded by acid/alkali liquor, which has high efficiency, low cost, simplicity and feasibility and has important significance for reservoir protection and economic development thereof.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a research method for dynamic characteristics of acid/alkali liquor erosion reservoir rock comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an erosion liquid, and measuring and recording the pH value of the erosion liquid; weighing a mineral sample and recording its mass m1Mixing a mineral sample and an erosion liquid, reacting in a sealed reactor, and measuring and recording the pH value of a product solution after the reaction is finished;
(2) will produceStanding the solution, filtering to obtain a solid product, cleaning the solid product until the filtrate is neutral to obtain a residual sample, drying the residual sample to constant weight, weighing and recording the weight m of the residual sample2
(3) Calculating a reaction rate from the pH value measured in the step (1), calculating a reaction activation energy from the reaction rate, and m1、m2Calculating the corrosion rate of the reaction; judging the erosion effect of the erosion liquid on the mineral sample according to the erosion rate and the reaction activation energy, thereby designing the erosion liquid suitable for different reservoir rocks; wherein,
(3.1) the reaction rate is calculated by the formula:
the abbreviation is: j ═ KCm
Wherein V is the volume of the etching solution participating in the reaction, L; s-surface area of reaction surface, cm2(ii) a The concentration of the etching solution at the moment C-t, mol/L; t-time, s; k-reaction constant, (mol/L)1-m·s-1Indicating the reaction rate per unit concentration of the reactant; m is the reaction order, and is dimensionless; j-reaction rate, mol/(cm)2·h);
The formula for calculating the activation energy of the reaction is:
wherein K is a reaction rate constant, (mol/L) -m.s-1; k0-frequency factor, (mol/L) -m.L/(cm 2. s); ea-activation energy of reaction, kcal/mol; r-molar gas constant, kcal/mol.. cndotk; t-thermodynamic temperature, kcal;
(3.2) the formula for calculating the erosion rate is:
η=(m1-m2)/m1*100%
in the formula, η -erosion Rate, m1-the mass of the mineral sample; m is2-mass of solid product; m is3-mass of remaining sample.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the reaction vessel is placed at 30-100 ℃ for 5-8 h. Preferably, the reaction vessel is left to react at 60 ℃ for 5 h. The reaction time may be appropriately prolonged, subject to the reaction being sufficiently carried out.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the research method further comprises: before the reaction, the mineral samples were dried until constant weight.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the research method further comprises: and (4) measuring chemical components and contents of the dried mineral sample to determine main chemical components in the mineral sample. By measuring the chemical components of the mineral sample, the mineral components and the content thereof in the mineral sample can be determined, the influence of different components on the erosion rate can be contrastively analyzed, the ion concentration of the solution after reaction can be detected in a targeted manner, and the component content of the solid phase after reaction can be detected.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the research method further comprises: observing the micro-morphology of the dried mineral sample, and observing the micro-morphology characteristics of the mineral sample after the reaction is finished. By observing the microscopic morphology, the arrangement forms of the components of the mineral sample under different erosion conditions can be determined, and the erosion rule of the acid-base erosion liquid is summarized.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the research method further comprises: and crushing the dried mineral sample.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the reactor is acid and alkali corrosion resistant material, preferably, the material of the reactor is polytetrafluoroethylene.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the etching solution is an acid solution or an alkali solution.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method is simple, has low requirements on experimental equipment and is low in cost.
(2) The invention is not limited by the type, the form and the dosage of reservoir rock samples, is not limited by the property of experimental fluid, has strong adaptability and is beneficial to popularization.
(3) The invention can be used for erosion experiments of actual reservoir minerals and can also be used for researching erosion experiments of various single minerals and various single mineral combinations; the experiment can be carried out by using blocky rock samples and also by using rock powder with different particle sizes. The experimental liquid used is also not limited. Has important significance for further disclosing the erosion mechanism.
(4) The invention can simultaneously carry out a plurality of groups of experiments and has high working efficiency. For example, a plurality of independent polytetrafluoroethylene sealable reaction containers can be used simultaneously through the invention, and a plurality of groups of experiments can be carried out simultaneously under the permission of the internal space of a digital display air drying box (static state) or a roller heating furnace (dynamic state), and the experiments can not be influenced mutually, thereby greatly improving the progress and the efficiency of the experiments.
(5) In the process of reservoir transformation, in order to erode part of stratum minerals and plugs of pore spaces, enlarge the pore spaces and improve seepage conditions, the prior working fluid (also called erosion fluid) is usually strong-alkaline fluid.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a microstructure of an example 1 of the present invention before kaolinite attack;
FIG. 1(b) is a microstructure of the kaolinite of example 1 of the present invention before etching;
FIG. 1(c) is a microstructure of the kaolinite of example 1 of the present invention before etching;
FIG. 1(d) is a microstructure of the kaolinite of example 1 of the present invention before etching;
FIG. 2(a) is a microscopic topography of the kaolinite after erosion according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a microscopic topography of the kaolinite after erosion according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2(c) is a microscopic topography of the kaolinite after erosion according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2(d) is a microscopic topography of the kaolinite according to example 1 of the present invention after etching.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments, which are included to explain the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under the conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Before describing the specific embodiments, the calculation formula involved in the present invention will be described.
(1) Reaction kinetics equation determination
By referring to the acid-rock reaction kinetics theory, the acid liquid erosion rate is calculated by using the reaction kinetics equation:
then equation (4-1) is simplified to:
J=KCm(4-2)
wherein V is the volume of the acid etching solution participating in the reaction, L; s-surface area of reaction surface, cm2(ii) a K-reaction rate constant, (mol/L)1-m·s-1And represents the reaction rate at a unit concentration of the reactant; m is the reaction stage number, which represents the influence degree of the reactant concentration on the reaction speed; j-reaction rate (i.e.mass per unit time per unit area of rock) mol/(cm)2·h)。
The formula (4-2) is a reaction kinetic equation, the reaction speed is determined by adopting a differential method, and a relation curve is drawn, namely:
and fitting by using a power function to obtain a reaction kinetic equation.
(2) Calculation of reaction activation energy
Temperature has a significant effect on the reaction rate. In most cases, its quantitative rule can be described by the arrhenius formula:
in the formula, K is a reaction rate constant, (mol/L)-m·s-1;K0Frequency factor, (mol/L)-m·L/(cm2S); ea-activation energy of reaction, kcal/mol; r-molar gas constant, kcal/mol · k; t-thermodynamic temperature, k.
Equation (4-4) can be written as:
taking logarithm on two sides to obtain:
thus, static reaction experiments were performed at different temperatures with the same concentration of the etching solution under otherwise identical conditions. The temperature T can be obtained1,T2… reaction speed J at Tn1,J2…, Jn. lgJ is in linear relation with 1/T, and the activation energy Ea of the erosion reaction of the erosion liquid can be obtained by regression or mapping treatment.
(3) Formula for calculating erosion rate:
η=(m1-m2)/m1*100%
in the formula, η -erosion Rate, m1-the mass of the mineral sample; m is2-mass of remaining sample.
And evaluating the action relationship between the erosion liquid and the minerals through the calculated reaction activation energy Ea and the erosion rate η, for example, the erosion effect of different erosion liquids on the same mineral, or the erosion effect of the same erosion liquid on different minerals, so as to screen out the erosion liquid with the best erosion effect.
The invention relates to a research method for dynamic characteristics of acid/alkali liquor erosion reservoir rock, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the mineral or rock is crushed into powder, poured into a mortar and ground until the powder can pass through a screen with a given mesh size range, for example 150 mesh, and then the powder is dried in an air-blast drying oven at 60 ℃ for use.
(2) 600mL of the etching solution was prepared. In this embodiment, the etching solution is an earth acid solution, which includes hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid. Measuring and recording the pH value of the erosion liquid; weighing a mineral sample and recording its mass m1. The mineral sample and the etching solution are mixed and reacted in a sealed reactor, and the reaction temperature and reaction time are set. After the reaction was complete, the pH of the product solution was measured and recorded.
(3) Standing and filtering the product solution to obtain a solid product, cleaning the solid product until the filtrate is neutral to obtain a residual sample, drying the residual sample to constant weight, weighing and recording the weight m of the residual sample2
(4) Calculating a reaction rate from the pH value measured in the step (2), calculating a reaction activation energy from the reaction rate, and m1、m2The reaction erosion rate was calculated.
The examples were carried out according to the procedure described above, the reaction conditions of which are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 different concentrations of etching solutions
TABLE 2 different reaction temperatures
In addition to the above temperatures, other embodiments of the present invention also include temperatures of 30 ℃ or 100 ℃. The results of the measurements of the examples are shown in tables 3 and 4.
TABLE 3 Experimental results corresponding to different concentrations of etching solutions
TABLE 4 Experimental results for different temperatures
As can be seen from Table 3, the higher the concentration of the corrosive liquid is, the higher the corrosion rate of each mineral is, the better the corrosion effect is, wherein the corrosion effect on montmorillonite, kaolinite and chlorite is better than that on illite. It can be understood from this that the etchant composed of the earth acid can etch montmorillonite, kaolinite and chlorite well at a constant temperature of 70 ℃, and the higher the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the earth acid solution is, the better the etching effect is.
As can be seen from table 4, in the case of the etchant solution having a constant concentration, the higher the reaction temperature is, the higher the etching rate of each ore is, the better the etching effect is, wherein the etching effect on both montmorillonite and chlorite is better than the etching effect on both illite and kaolinite. It can be shown that the etching solution composed of the alkaline earth acid "15% hydrochloric acid + 3% hydrofluoric acid" can etch montmorillonite and chlorite well, and the higher the reaction temperature is, the better the etching effect is.
Therefore, according to the erosion rate, the optimum erosion liquid temperature and concentration of the ore can be screened out, a reference basis is provided for practical application, and blindness of erosion liquid formula design is avoided.
In order to improve the accuracy of the experimental method, the activation energy of each ore is calculated.
According to the data measured in the tables 3 and 4, linear fitting is carried out, and the reaction kinetic equation of the four ores is calculated as follows:
J=0.0169C0.910(montmorillonite);
J=0.0018C2.022(illite);
J=0.0061C1.625(kaolinite);
J=0.0013C2.585(chlorite).
The corresponding activation energy equation is:
J=0.0169EXP(-0.00315/8.314T)C0.910(montmorillonite);
J=0.0018EXP(-0.00268/8.314T)C2.022(illite);
J=0.0061EXP(-0.00119/8.314T)C1.625(kaolinite);
J=0.0013EXP(-0.00139/8.314T)C2.585(chlorite).
Thus, the calculated activation energy is:
ea 0.00315(KJ/mol) (montmorillonite);
ea ═ 0.00268(KJ/mol) (illite);
ea 0.00119(KJ/mol) (kaolinite);
ea ═ 0.00139(KJ/mol) (chlorite).
The invention also observed the morphology of the ores of examples 1-4 during the course of the experiment, with the microscopic topography maps before and after erosion being shown in fig. 1(a) - (d) and fig. 2(a) - (d), respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 1(a) - (d) and fig. 2(a) - (d), after the erosion, the crystal grain shape of the ore is obviously changed, and some small particle impurities appear in the kaolinite crystal, so that a new product is generated.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. A research method for dynamic characteristics of acid/alkali liquor erosion reservoir rock is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing an erosion liquid, and measuring and recording the pH value of the erosion liquid; weighing a mineral sample and recording its mass m1Mixing the mineral sample and the erosion liquid, reacting in a sealed reactor, and measuring and recording the pH value of a product solution after the reaction is finished;
(2) standing and filtering the product solution to obtain a solid product, cleaning the solid product until the filtrate is neutral to obtain a residual sampleDrying the residual sample to constant weight, weighing and recording the weight m of the residual sample2
(3) Calculating a reaction rate from the pH value measured in the step (1), calculating a reaction activation energy from the reaction rate, and m1、m2Calculating the corrosion rate of the reaction; judging the erosion effect of the erosion liquid on the mineral sample according to the erosion rate and the reaction activation energy, thereby designing the erosion liquid suitable for different reservoir rocks; wherein,
(3.1) the reaction rate is calculated by the formula:
<mrow> <mi>J</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>&amp;part;</mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>V</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mfrac> </mrow>
the abbreviation is: j ═ KCm
Wherein V is the volume of the etching solution participating in the reaction, L; s-surface area of reaction surface, cm2(ii) a The concentration of the etching solution at the moment C-t, mol/L; t-time, s; k-reaction constant, (mol/L)1-m·s-1Indicating the reaction rate per unit concentration of the reactant; m is the reaction order, and is dimensionless; j-reaction rate, mol/(cm)2·h);
The formula for calculating the activation energy of the reaction is:
<mrow> <mi>K</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mi>E</mi> <mi>X</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
<mrow> <mi>J</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mi>exp</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mi>C</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msup> </mrow>
wherein K is a reaction rate constant, (mol/L) -m.s-1; k0Frequency factor, (mol/L) -mL/(cm)2S); ea-activation energy of reaction, kcal/mol; r-molar gas constant, kcal/mol · k; t-thermodynamic temperature, k;
(3.2) the formula for calculating the erosion rate is:
η=(m1-m2)/m1*100%
in the formula, η -erosion Rate, m1-the mass of the mineral sample; m is2-mass of remaining sample.
2. The method for researching the dynamic characteristics of the rocks of the acid/alkali liquor erosion reservoir stratum according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the reaction vessel is placed at 30-100 ℃ for reaction for 5-8 h.
3. The method for studying the rock dynamics of an acid/alkali corrosion reservoir according to claim 1, further comprising: before the reaction, the mineral samples were dried until constant weight.
4. The method for studying the rock dynamics of an acid/alkali corrosion reservoir according to claim 3, further comprising: and (4) measuring chemical components and content of the dried mineral sample to determine main chemical components in the mineral sample.
5. The method for studying the rock dynamics of an acid/alkali corrosion reservoir according to claim 3, further comprising: observing the micro-morphology of the dried mineral sample, and observing the micro-morphology characteristics of the mineral sample after the reaction is finished.
6. The method for studying the rock dynamics of an acid/alkali corrosion reservoir according to claim 3, further comprising: and crushing the dried mineral sample.
7. The method for researching dynamics characteristics of reservoir rocks corroded by acid/alkali liquor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the material of the reactor is acid and alkali corrosion resistant material, preferably the material of the reactor is polytetrafluoroethylene.
8. The method for researching the dynamic characteristics of reservoir rocks corroded by acid/alkali liquor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the corrosion liquor is acid liquor or alkali liquor.
CN201710726386.8A 2017-08-22 2017-08-22 A kind of acid/base liquid corrodes the research method of reservoir rock dynamic characteristic Pending CN107917999A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109738313A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-05-10 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 A kind of method for testing and analyzing of rocky erosion depth and mechanical property degradation
CN113533691A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-10-22 云南地矿国际矿业股份有限公司 Method for evaluating ore content of titanium mineral

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
佘继平: "巧岩井周地层-封诸带系统突变失稳机", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库(电子期刊)》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109738313A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-05-10 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 A kind of method for testing and analyzing of rocky erosion depth and mechanical property degradation
CN113533691A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-10-22 云南地矿国际矿业股份有限公司 Method for evaluating ore content of titanium mineral

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