CN107917773A - A kind of pipe stick material residual stress is without impression device for measurement of strain and method - Google Patents
A kind of pipe stick material residual stress is without impression device for measurement of strain and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107917773A CN107917773A CN201711475494.9A CN201711475494A CN107917773A CN 107917773 A CN107917773 A CN 107917773A CN 201711475494 A CN201711475494 A CN 201711475494A CN 107917773 A CN107917773 A CN 107917773A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of pipe stick material residual stress without impression device for measurement of strain and method, and curvature method comparison inspection or pulling method comparison inspection or torsional technique comparison test are carried out to calibration exemplar and tested exemplar.The present invention avoids causing to have an impact the stress distribution of material due to contact impression, improves the accuracy of stress test, the accuracy of larger raising stress test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to detection technique field, more particularly to a kind of pipe stick material residual stress without impression strain measurement
Device and method.
Background technology
In the engineering project of steel construction, in order to reach expected design effect, usually to the steel construction after completing
Carry out eliminating stress processing(Except some prestressed designs of needs), however, how to examine its real stress elimination
Effect, still lacks a kind of accurately and effectively test method.
At present, more mature to metal material is basis《Metal material residual stress analysis Indentation strain method》GBT
The Indentation strain method that 24179-2009 is provided, its basic principle is in plane stress field, is produced by press-in spherical indentation
Material flowing deformation can cause the relaxation deformation of length of load bearing material(Tension Stress Zone material shortens, compression area material elongation), at the same time,
The elasto-plastic range (elasto-plastic region) and surrounding stress-strain field produced by impression itself will also produce respective change under the action of residual force.
Strain variation amount caused by the superposition of both deformational behaviors can be referred to as superposition strain increment(Abbreviation strain increment).Utilize
The method that the strain increment that spherical indentation induction produces solves residual stress is just called Indentation strain method Indentation strain method using electricity
Strain rosette is hindered as measuring sensing element, the pressure in strain grid axis centre point by mechanical load manufacture certain size
Trace, strain increment numerical value is recorded by deformeter, using in advance to material elastic strain obtained by calibrating and the strain increment of measuring and monitoring the growth of standing timber
Relation obtain overstrain size, recycle Hooke's law to obtain residual stress.
But the strain increment produced by the induction of contact impression at the same time also has an impact the stress distribution of material,
There is many uncertain relations between the strain increment and elastic strain that are produced in residual stress field, thus, influence pair
The accuracy of the stress test of material.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to by a kind of method of inspection of test material stress elimination effect, in GBT 24179-
Avoid causing to have an impact the stress distribution of material due to spherical indentation on the basis of 2009 technical solutions, improve stress and survey
The accuracy of examination.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of pipe stick material residual stress should without impression
Become measurement device, including without pressure warp testing machine, it is characterised in that:It is described to be fixed on two including two without pressure warp testing machine
Casing in shaft, two casings can rotate in shaft by pivot of three dimensions axis, and two shafts constrain in one
It is opposite or opposite mobile on bar straight line.
A kind of pipe stick material residual stress is without impression strain measurement method, using above device, it is characterised in that:Take out
Including the identical examined workpiece of multiple materials, structure, residual stress elimination is implemented in part, as calibration exemplar;Part is not carried out
Residual stress eliminates, as tested exemplar;Curvature method comparison inspection is carried out to calibration exemplar and tested exemplar or pulling method compares
Examine, it is characterised in that:The curvature method comparison inspection is, using the curved experimental machine of no backfin to calibration exemplar and examined workpiece
Both ends respectively using can axial rotation, the casing that moves axially towards one another implement constraint, applied by both ends casing shaft and hung down
Directly in axis of workpiece opposite direction rotatory force, with the increasing of rotatory force, both ends casing shaft spacing reduces so that calibration
Flexural deformation is produced in the middle part of exemplar and examined workpiece;The pulling method comparison test is, respectively to calibration exemplar and tested work
Constraint is implemented at the both ends of part, and one end fixes another end and applies reverse axial tension, or both ends apply reverse axial tension at the same time,
So that calibration exemplar and examined workpiece elongation strain.
In the curvature method comparison inspection, the rotatory force perpendicular to examined workpiece axis, in tested material
Uniform increments set several rotatory forces in the torque range of plastic elongation intensity 80% so that calibration exemplar and examined workpiece are progressively
Flexural deformation, the curvature progressively after bending of calibration exemplar and examined workpiece is measured using metering outfit, and with rotatory force load
Value and curvature value make rotatory force-curvature calibration curve of calibration exemplar and examined workpiece for reference axis.
In the pulling method comparison test, several pulling force loads are incrementally set with even in the range of the yield strength of tested material
Lotus so that calibration exemplar and examined workpiece progressively elongation strain, using metering outfit measure calibration exemplar and examined workpiece by
Length after step elongation, and made using the length value after drag load value and elongation for reference axis and demarcate exemplar and examined workpiece
Pulling force-calibrating length curve.
Obtaining above-mentioned different stress level subscript random sample parts and rotatory force-curvature calibration curve of examined workpiece and drawing
The strain increment data of power-calibrating length curve, decision analysis are examined exemplar residual stress.
The use is implemented to constrain without backfin bender to the both ends of calibration exemplar and examined workpiece, the length between the both ends
Spend 5~8 times for pipe rod diameter or the length of side.
Pass through curvature method comparison inspection, pulling method contrast inspection when due to the special circumstances of examined workpiece, causing examined workpiece
Test when can not obtain reliable detection data, can be further, according to the actual conditions of examined workpiece, implement torsional technique contrast
Examine, i.e., the twisting resistance along workpiece circumferential direction that another end applies is fixed in one end, or both ends apply along the side of workpiece circumferential direction at the same time
To opposite twisting resistance, by comparing the circumferential twisting resistance of calibration exemplar and examined workpiece, decision analysis is examined exemplar remnants
Stress.Further, in the torsional technique comparison test, be detected material elasticity modulus in the range of it is even incrementally set it is several
Twisting resistance so that calibration exemplar and examined workpiece progressively torsional deflection, calibration exemplar and examined workpiece are measured using metering outfit
Progressively reverse after windup-degree, and made using torsional load value and torsion angle values for reference axis and demarcate exemplar and tested work
The twisting resistance of part-windup-degree calibration curve.Obtaining the rotation of above-mentioned different stress level subscript random sample parts and examined workpiece
Power-curvature calibration curve, pulling force-calibrating length curve, twisting resistance-windup-degree calibration curve strain increment data, judge
Analysis is examined exemplar residual stress.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows a kind of pipe stick material residual stress without impression device for measurement of strain and method, avoid
Cause to have an impact the stress distribution of material due to contact impression, improve the accuracy of stress test, larger raising
The accuracy of stress test.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the curvature method comparison inspection schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the pulling method comparison inspection schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the torsional technique comparison inspection schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, a. calibration exemplars, b. examined workpieces, Mx. rotatory forces, F. pulling force, Mz. twisting resistances.
Embodiment
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of pipe stick material residual stress without impression device for measurement of strain, including
Without pressure warp testing machine, it is characterised in that:It is described to include two casings being fixed in two shafts without pressure warp testing machine, two
A casing can rotate in shaft by pivot of three dimensions axis, and two shafts constrain opposite or phase point-blank
Backward shift is moved.
A kind of pipe stick material residual stress is without impression strain measurement method, using above device, it is characterised in that:Take out
Including the identical examined workpiece b of multiple materials, structure, residual stress elimination is implemented in part, as calibration exemplar a;Part is not real
Residual stress elimination is applied, as tested exemplar;Curvature method comparison inspection or pulling method ratio are carried out to calibration exemplar a and tested exemplar
To examining, it is characterised in that:The curvature method comparison inspection is to calibration exemplar a and to be detected using the curved experimental machine of no backfin
The both ends of workpiece b respectively using can axial rotation, the casing that moves axially towards one another implement constraint, applied by both ends casing shaft
Add the rotatory force Mx of the opposite direction perpendicular to axis of workpiece, with the increasing of rotatory force Mx, both ends casing shaft spacing reduces,
So that flexural deformation is produced in the middle part of calibration exemplar a and examined workpiece b;The pulling method comparison test is, respectively to demarcating sample
Implement constraint, the reverse axial tension F of one end fixation another end application, or both ends while apply anti-in the both ends of part a and examined workpiece b
To axial tension F so that calibration exemplar a and examined workpiece b elongation strains.
In the curvature method comparison inspection, the rotatory force Mx perpendicular to axis of workpiece, in the modeling of tested material
Property extension strength 80% torque range in uniform increments set several rotatory force Mx so that calibration exemplar a and examined workpiece b by
Flexural deformation is walked, experimental procedure is as follows:Mx0 → Mx1 → hold lotus → measure → Mx0, Mx0 → Mx2 → holds lotus → measure → Mx0,
Mx0 → Mx3 → hold lotus → measure → Mx0 ..., circulates above step, and calibration exemplar a and tested work are measured using metering outfit
The curvature progressively after bending of part b, and calibration exemplar a and tested work are made as reference axis using rotatory force Mx load values and curvature value
The rotatory force of part b-curvature calibration curve.
In the pulling method comparison test, several pulling force F are incrementally set with even in the range of the yield strength of tested material,
So that calibration exemplar a and examined workpiece b progressively elongation strains, experimental procedure are as follows:F0 → F1 → hold lotus → measure → F0, F0 →
F2 → hold lotus → measure → F0, F0 → F3 → holds lotus → measure → F0 ..., circulates above step, is measured and marked using metering outfit
Length after the progressively elongation of random sample part a and examined workpiece b, and using the length value after pulling force F load values and elongation as reference axis
Make pulling force-calibrating length curve of calibration exemplar a and examined workpiece b.
Obtain rotatory force-curvature calibration curve of above-mentioned different stress level subscript random sample part a and examined workpiece b and
The strain increment data of pulling force-calibrating length curve, decision analysis are examined exemplar residual stress.
The use is implemented to constrain without backfin bender to the both ends for demarcating exemplar a and examined workpiece b, between the both ends
Length is 5~8 times of pipe rod diameter or the length of side.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, when due to the special circumstances of examined workpiece b, causing examined workpiece b to pass through curvature method
, can be further when comparison inspection, pulling method comparison test can not obtain reliable detection data, according to examined workpiece b's
Actual conditions, implement torsional technique comparison test, i.e. the twisting resistance Mz along workpiece circumferential direction that another end applies, or both ends are fixed in one end
Apply at the same time along the opposite twisting resistance Mz in the direction of workpiece circumferential direction, turned round by comparing the circumferential of calibration exemplar a and examined workpiece b
Turn power Mz, decision analysis is examined exemplar residual stress.Further, in the torsional technique comparison test, to be detected material
Elasticity modulus in the range of even incrementally set several twisting resistance Mz so that calibration exemplar a and examined workpiece b progressively torsional deflections,
Experimental procedure is as follows:Mz0 → Mz1 → hold lotus → measure → Mz0, Mz0 → Mz2 → holds lotus → measure → Mz0, Mz0 → Mz3 → and holds
Lotus → measure → Mz0 ..., circulates above step, and the progressively torsion of calibration exemplar a and examined workpiece b is measured using metering outfit
Windup-degree afterwards, and the torsion for demarcating exemplar a and examined workpiece b is made as reference axis using torsional load value and torsion angle values
Power-windup-degree calibration curve.Obtaining rotatory force-song of above-mentioned different stress level subscript random sample part a and examined workpiece b
Rate calibration curve, pulling force-calibrating length curve, twisting resistance-windup-degree calibration curve strain increment data, decision analysis quilt
Examine exemplar residual stress.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not the scope of the present invention is defined, and is not departing from this
It is any modification that any person skilled in the art makees technical scheme, equivalent on the premise of invention design spirit
Replace and improve, should all fall into the protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of pipe stick material residual stress is without impression device for measurement of strain, including without pressure warp testing machine, it is characterised in that:
Described to include two casings being fixed in two shafts without pressure warp testing machine, two casings can be in shaft with three dimensions
Axis rotates for pivot, and two shaft constraints are opposite or opposite mobile point-blank.
2. a kind of pipe stick material residual stress is without impression strain measurement method, using the device described in claim 1, its feature
It is:Taking-up includes the identical examined workpiece of multiple materials, structure, and residual stress elimination is implemented in part, as calibration exemplar;Portion
Divide and residual stress elimination is not carried out, as tested exemplar;Curvature method comparison inspection or drawing are carried out to calibration exemplar and tested exemplar
Stretch method comparison inspection, it is characterised in that:The curvature method comparison inspection is, using the curved experimental machine of no backfin to calibration exemplar and
The both ends of examined workpiece respectively using can axial rotation, the casing that moves axially towards one another implement constraint, pass through both ends casing and turn
Axis applies the rotatory force of the opposite direction perpendicular to axis of workpiece, and with the increasing of rotatory force, both ends casing shaft spacing reduces,
So that flexural deformation is produced in the middle part of calibration exemplar and examined workpiece;The pulling method comparison test is, respectively to demarcating exemplar
Implement to constrain with the both ends of examined workpiece, one end fixes another end and applies reverse axial tension, or both ends apply reversely at the same time
Axial tension so that calibration exemplar and examined workpiece elongation strain.
3. a kind of pipe stick material residual stress according to claim 2 is without impression strain measurement method, it is characterised in that:
In the curvature method comparison inspection, the rotatory force perpendicular to examined workpiece axis, in the plastic elongation of tested material
Uniform increments set several rotatory forces in the torque range of intensity 80% so that calibration exemplar and examined workpiece progressively flexural deformation,
The curvature progressively after bending of calibration exemplar and examined workpiece is measured using metering outfit, and with rotatory force load value and curvature value
Rotatory force-curvature calibration curve of calibration exemplar and examined workpiece is made for reference axis.
4. a kind of pipe stick material residual stress according to claim 2 is without impression strain measurement method, it is characterised in that:
In the pulling method comparison test, several drag loads are incrementally set with even in the range of the yield strength of tested material so that
Exemplar and examined workpiece progressively elongation strain are demarcated, after the progressively elongation that calibration exemplar and examined workpiece are measured using metering outfit
Length, and the pulling force-length for demarcating exemplar and examined workpiece is made for reference axis using the length value after drag load value and elongation
Spend calibration curve.
5. a kind of pipe stick material residual stress according to claim 2 is without impression strain measurement method, it is characterised in that:
Obtaining the rotatory force-curvature calibration curve and pulling force-length of above-mentioned different stress level subscript random sample parts and examined workpiece
The strain increment data of calibration curve, decision analysis are examined exemplar residual stress.
6. a kind of pipe stick material residual stress according to claim 2 is without impression strain measurement method, it is characterised in that:
The use is implemented to constrain without backfin bender to the both ends of calibration exemplar and examined workpiece, and the length between the both ends is pipe rod
5~8 times of diameter or the length of side.
7. a kind of pipe stick material residual stress according to claim 2 is without impression strain measurement method, it is characterised in that:
Further, according to the actual conditions of examined workpiece, implement torsional technique comparison test, i.e., one end fix another end application along work
The twisting resistance of part circumferential direction, or both ends apply along the opposite twisting resistance in the direction of workpiece circumferential direction at the same time, and exemplar is demarcated by comparing
With the circumferential twisting resistance of examined workpiece, decision analysis is examined exemplar residual stress.
8. a kind of pipe stick material residual stress according to claim 7 is without impression strain measurement method, it is characterised in that:
Further, in the torsional technique comparison test, several torsions are incrementally set with even in the range of the elasticity modulus of tested material
Power so that calibration exemplar and examined workpiece progressively torsional deflection, using metering outfit measure calibration exemplar and examined workpiece by
Windup-degree after step torsion, and calibration exemplar and examined workpiece are made as reference axis using twisting resistance load value and torsion angle values
Twisting resistance-windup-degree calibration curve.
9. a kind of pipe stick material residual stress according to claim 8 is without impression strain measurement method, it is characterised in that:
Further, obtaining rotatory force-curvature calibration curve of above-mentioned different stress level subscript random sample parts and examined workpiece, drawing
Power-calibrating length curve, twisting resistance-windup-degree calibration curve strain increment data, decision analysis are examined exemplar remnants
Stress.
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Cited By (6)
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CN109596250A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-09 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A kind of detection method of workpiece residual stress |
CN110702513A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-17 | 吉林大学 | Test measurement method for large-strain-range hardening curve of metal bar |
CN110779863A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-11 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Method for evaluating residual thermal stress of amorphous alloy thin strip |
CN112304760A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating tensile strength of non-metal gasket |
CN113790981A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-14 | 苏州西热节能环保技术有限公司 | Device and method for representing mechanical strength of SCR denitration catalyst |
CN114858586A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-05 | 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Residual stress measurement calibration device with stress shaft capable of being automatically aligned |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109596250A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-09 | 东风商用车有限公司 | A kind of detection method of workpiece residual stress |
CN110702513A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-17 | 吉林大学 | Test measurement method for large-strain-range hardening curve of metal bar |
CN110779863A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-11 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Method for evaluating residual thermal stress of amorphous alloy thin strip |
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CN112304760A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating tensile strength of non-metal gasket |
CN112304760B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-12-16 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating tensile strength of non-metallic gasket |
CN113790981A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-14 | 苏州西热节能环保技术有限公司 | Device and method for representing mechanical strength of SCR denitration catalyst |
CN114858586A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-05 | 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Residual stress measurement calibration device with stress shaft capable of being automatically aligned |
CN114858586B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-09-29 | 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Residual stress measurement calibration device with self-aligned stress shaft |
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