CN107911599A - A kind of infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of focusing method and device, belong to technical field of image processing, and in particular to a kind of infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method and device.The present invention introduces digital picture details enhancing technology before image focusing, improve the details of infrared image, and propose the efficient greatest gradient evaluation method simplified, the validity of focusing evaluation can be effectively improved, at the same time before focusing stops, picture rich in detail accounting coefficient is introduced, reduces the probability that focusing is absorbed in local maximum position, allow the invention to apply to the infrared image auto-focusing of the overall situation, without selecting focus frame.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of focusing method and device, belong to technical field of image processing, and in particular to a kind of infrared figure
As global Atomatic focusing method and device.
Background technology
Autofocus Technology is a special technology in imaging system.
According to optics geometric knowledge, imaging object has an optimal image space in photo electric imaging system.If
Imaging plane deviate from this optimal image space, then formed image will be smudgy thereon, and image quality will be bright
It is aobvious to decline, therefore accurately focusing for imaging system for optical lens is particularly important, it will directly determine image
Image quality and the validity of successive image processing and application.
The mode that the setting of imaging system mid-focal length can be adjusted manually is focused, but manual focus process consumes
When it is longer, inconvenient for operation in the occasion for needing repeatedly to focus, the result simultaneously focused only is judged with human eye vision,
Judgment criteria is not objective.
Therefore research Autofocus Technology has very strong demand property.Since the pixel of infrared detector is less, uniformity
Difference, photonasty are poor, and the heterogeneity that this has resulted in infrared image is poor, contrast is low, signal-to-noise ratio is low, deals with very tired
It is difficult；And the aperture of infrared optical system is generally larger, and aperture is bigger, and the degree of deviation of pinpointed focus is smaller, and focusing accuracy will
Ask higher；Multiple reasons above so that infrared auto-focusing is always academia and engineering circles highest attention, pass urgently to be resolved hurrily
Key technology.
The content of the invention
The present invention mainly solves infrared system of the prior art because the heterogeneity of image is poor, contrast and noise
Than low, handle that the caused focusing of difficulty is difficult, real-time is poor and the technical problem that is selected dependent on focus frame, there is provided
A kind of infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method and device.This method and device need not select focusing area, can complete red
Automatic, the real-time focusing of outer optical system.
The above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly what is be addressed by following technical proposals：
A kind of infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method, including：
Doubtful focal length judgment step, substitutes into after the image progress details enhancing to multiple adjacent focal lengths of continuous sampling and focuses
To calculate the focusing evaluation coefficient of global image in evaluation function, focusing direction is judged according to the focusing evaluation coefficient of multiple images
And infrared lens focal length is adjusted until finding doubtful optimal focusing position；
Optimum position judgment step, continues, to focusing direction adjustment focal length, to gather several infrared images after details strengthens
Calculate the focusing evaluation coefficient and picture rich in detail accounting coefficient of global image；If successive image focusing evaluation coefficient successively decreases and clearly
Clear image accounting coefficient meets threshold requirement, then doubtful optimal focusing position confirms as optimal focusing position, otherwise repeats
Doubtful focal length judgment step.
As a preferred embodiment, a kind of above-mentioned infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method, the doubtful focal length judgment step
In, the calculating for evaluation coefficient of focusing is based on formula：
In formula, sumg is focusing evaluation coefficient；
F (i, j) is the gray value of image pixel after details enhancing；
Maxg (i, j) is the greatest gradient of the point, its calculating is based on the following formula：
Maxg (i, j)=max { f (i, j)-f (i, j+1), f (i, j)-f (i+1, j), f (i, j)-f (i+1, j+1) }
As a preferred embodiment, a kind of above-mentioned infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method, the doubtful focal length judgment step
In,
View picture infrared image is traveled through using greatest gradient algorithm, greatest gradient is found and calculates all pixels point greatest gradient
The sum of, using the sum of described greatest gradient as focusing evaluation coefficient；
Using focus evaluation coefficient growing direction be used as focusing direction；
Using the growth turning point position for evaluation coefficient of focusing as doubtful nearest focusing position.
As a preferred embodiment, a kind of above-mentioned infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method,
The concrete operations of details enhancing are carried out to image includes following sub-step：
Filtering process sub-step, using bilateral filtering processing method, isolates image high frequency detail layer and low in spatial domain
Frequency background layer；
Details strengthens sub-step, realizes that details strengthens using different γ parameters to the spectrum intensity of background layer and levels of detail
Suppress with background, γ corrections are carried out respectively to levels of detail and background layer in spatial domain, realize that high dynamic infrared image details strengthens
Algorithm；
Phase Build Out sub-step, distinguishes corresponding phase by the background spectra intensity after correction and details spectrum intensity
Rebuild, obtain details enhancing image.
As a preferred embodiment, a kind of above-mentioned infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method,
, will when judging focusing direction according to the focusing evaluation coefficient of multiple images in the doubtful focal length judgment step
The focusing evaluation coefficient of multiple images forms an one-dimensional matrix and sorts, if ranking keeps increasing trend, continues to this
Direction is focused, if ranking keeps decline trend, reversely focusing.
As a preferred embodiment, a kind of above-mentioned infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method,
In the optimum position judgment step, picture rich in detail accounting coefficient includes：Whole sub-picture is traveled through, calculates each pixel
The greatest gradient of point, is otherwise focal point for articulation point of focusing if the greatest gradient of this pixel is more than threshold value, and focusing is clear
The ratio of clear point and total pixel number is as picture rich in detail accounting coefficient.
As a preferred embodiment, a kind of above-mentioned infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method,
The gray scale of detail textures is improved using the γ values less than 1 in levels of detail, background layer using the γ values more than 1 come
Compress gentle background gray scale.
A kind of infrared image overall situation automatic focusing mechanism, including：
Doubtful focal length judgment module, the image for multiple adjacent focal lengths to continuous sampling substitute into after carrying out details enhancing
To calculate the focusing evaluation coefficient of global image in focusing evaluation function, judge to focus according to the focusing evaluation coefficient of multiple images
Direction simultaneously adjusts infrared lens focal length until finding doubtful optimal focusing position；
Optimum position judgment module, for continuing, to focusing direction adjustment focal length, to gather several infrared images and through details increase
The focusing evaluation coefficient and picture rich in detail accounting coefficient of global image are calculated after strong；If successive image focusing evaluation coefficient successively decreases simultaneously
And picture rich in detail accounting coefficient meets threshold requirement, then doubtful optimal focusing position confirms as optimal focusing position, otherwise repeats
Perform doubtful focal length judgment step.
As a preferred embodiment, a kind of above-mentioned infrared image overall situation automatic focusing mechanism, the doubtful focal length judgment module
In, view picture infrared image is traveled through using greatest gradient algorithm, greatest gradient is found and calculates the sum of all pixels point greatest gradient,
Using the sum of described greatest gradient as focusing evaluation coefficient；Using focus evaluation coefficient growing direction be used as focusing direction；Will
The growth turning point position of focusing evaluation coefficient is as doubtful nearest focusing position.
As a preferred embodiment, a kind of above-mentioned infrared image overall situation automatic focusing mechanism, the optimum position judgment module
Picture rich in detail accounting coefficient is calculated using following methods：Whole sub-picture is traveled through, calculates the greatest gradient of each pixel, if this picture
The greatest gradient of element is more than threshold value, then is articulation point of focusing, is otherwise focal point, by the ratio of articulation point and total pixel number of focusing
Value is used as picture rich in detail accounting coefficient.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages that：
1. introducing image detail enhancing algorithm before calculating focusing evaluation function, target and background in infrared image are improved
Grey-scale contrast and target its own face fine structure, abundant details letter is provided for follow-up focusing evaluation algorithms
Breath；
2. introducing greatest gradient algorithm in evaluation function, while using horizontal and vertical two gradients, also add
The characteristics of having entered inclination gradient, being more in line with true picture；
3. introducing picture rich in detail accounting coefficient, the requirement of global focusing is met, while substantially reduces focusing and is absorbed in neighbour
The probability of domain maximum.
4. compared with traditional video summarization method, the present invention in real time, accurately and rapidly can carry out infrared image complete
Office's focusing, does not depend on the selection of focus frame.
Brief description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of the present invention；
Embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment：
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 shows the flow diagram of the global infrared image Atomatic focusing method of the present invention one, this hair is described below
Bright detailed step：
As shown in Figure 1, in step, the original infrared image of each frame of acquisition can all carry out details enhancing.Using bilateral
Filter processing method, isolates image high frequency detail layer and low frequency background layer in spatial domain.
Since bilateral filtering processing has the characteristics that to protect image border, edge profile in background layer can be made maximum
Retain, and image texture faint and that high frequency change is presented is only existed in levels of detail.Finally, target in infrared image can be improved
With the grey-scale contrast of background and the fine structure of target its own face, the infrared image that high details shows is obtained；
B (i, j)=o (i, j) * fb(i, j)
D (i, j)=o (i, j)-b (i, j)
In formula：I, j are pixel abscissa and ordinate respectively, and o (i, j) is original infrared image；Fb (i, j) is two
The two-sided filter of dimension；B (i, j) is the background tomographic image after bilateral filtering processing, and d (i, j) is levels of detail texture image.
Here, details enhancing and background, which press down, to be realized using different γ parameters to the spectrum intensity of background layer and levels of detail
Make, carrying out γ corrections respectively to levels of detail and background layer in spatial domain, (levels of detail improves detail textures using the γ values less than 1
Gray scale, background layer compresses gentle background gray scale using the γ values more than 1), realize that high dynamic infrared image details strengthens
Algorithm.Then, by the background spectra intensity after correction and details spectrum intensity, corresponding phase is rebuild respectively, is obtained
Details strengthens image.
In the specific implementation, Larger Dynamic and the small Dynamic Graph in bilateral low-pass filtering separate picture can also preferably be used
Picture, by picture breakdown into high-dynamics image signal and low dynamic image signal, divides low dynamic part application dynamic histogram
Histogram equalization, then carries out superposition with high dynamic, carries out linear weighted function compression to the signal of superposition, finally obtains details enhancing
Infrared image.
In stepb, the image of the multiple adjacent focal lengths of continuous sampling, infrared image, generation are showed according to the high details of acquisition
Enter in focusing evaluation function, calculate the focusing evaluation coefficient of global image.Evaluation function uses greatest gradient algorithm.
Maxg (i, j)=max { f (i, j)-f (i, j+1), f (i, j)-f (i+1, j), f (i, j)-f (i+1, j+1) }
Wherein, i, j are pixel abscissa and ordinate respectively, and f (i, j) is the ash of image pixel after details enhancing
Angle value, maxg (i, j) they are the greatest gradient of the point, and sumg is the sum of greatest gradient of each pixel of entire image, that is,
Focusing evaluation coefficient.
In step C, the focusing evaluation coefficient of multiple images is formed into an one-dimensional matrix, one-dimensional matrix is done and is sentenced as follows
It is disconnected；
[I, I]=sort (Nsumg)
[I, I]=sort (I)
Wherein, sort is ranking functions, and I is the size ranking of one-dimensional matrix, if ranking keeps gradual increase tendency,
Continue to focus to this direction, if ranking keeps gradually decreasing trend, reversely focusing.The amount of images of selection should try one's best it is more, one
As take 7 width or so, can avoid that sample is very few and error causes Trend judgement mistake.As I size ranking for [2,1,5,4,6,
7], it is considered that be increasing trend.
Step D, according to focusing direction, infrared lens focal length is adjusted, constantly gathers infrared image, carries out digital picture details
Enhancing, and calculate the focusing evaluation coefficient of global image；
In step E, the focusing evaluation coefficient of present image is calculated in real time, judges whether to find doubtful optimal focusing position
Put, if finding, perform step F, if not finding, perform step D；Doubtful optimal focusing position judges as follows：
Sumg (n) ＞ sumg (n-1)
Sumg (n) ＞ T
In step F, for avoid focusing from being absorbed in neighborhood maximum, it is necessary to continue to focusing direction adjust focal length, collection it is more
Width infrared image, judges whether it is optimal focusing position using rear class image；Wherein, reversely focusing and doubtful optimum position use
Different evaluation coefficients.
In step G, if successive image focusing evaluation coefficient successively decreases and picture rich in detail accounting coefficient meets threshold requirement,
Then doubtful optimal focusing position confirms as optimal focusing position, and lens focus pulls back to optimal focusing position, and focusing terminates；If really
Admit a fault optimal focusing position, performs step D；Wherein, the Computing Principle of picture rich in detail accounting coefficient is as follows：Travel through whole secondary figure
Picture, calculates the greatest gradient of each pixel, if the greatest gradient of this pixel is more than threshold value, for focus articulation point, otherwise for
Focal point, focusing articulation point and the ratio of total pixel number be both picture rich in detail accounting coefficient.Picture rich in detail accounting coefficient calculates
Formula is as follows：
In this way, by foregoing each step, it is possible to realize the global auto-focusing of infrared image.
The present invention considers the characteristic of infrared optical system and infrared detector imaging in force, can be in low signal-to-noise ratio
Infrared image in realize stabilization focusing, and can automatically the overall situation, it is not necessary to select focus frame, practicality is very high.
The present invention innovatively introduces image detail enhancing algorithm before focusing evaluation function is calculated, and improves infrared figure
The fine structure of the grey-scale contrast and target its own face of target and background as in, provides for follow-up focusing evaluation algorithms
Abundant detailed information；Greatest gradient algorithm is introduced in evaluation function at the same time, not only using horizontal and vertical two ladders
Degree, the characteristics of being also added into tilting gradient, being more in line with true picture；Finally, picture rich in detail accounting coefficient is introduced, is met
The requirement of overall situation focusing, while substantially reduce the probability that focusing is absorbed in neighborhood maximum.
Compared with traditional video summarization method, the present invention in real time, accurately and rapidly can carry out infrared image global
Focusing, does not depend on the selection of focus frame.
Particular embodiments described above, has carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and beneficial effect further in detail
Describe in detail bright, it should be understood that the foregoing is merely the present invention specific embodiment, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done, should be included in the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can do various modifications or additions to described specific embodiment or replace in a similar way
Generation, but without departing from spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method, it is characterised in that including：Doubtful focal length judgment step, focusing evaluation is substituted into after the image progress details enhancing to multiple adjacent focal lengths of continuous sampling To calculate the focusing evaluation coefficient of global image in function, focusing direction is judged according to the focusing evaluation coefficient of multiple images and is adjusted Whole infrared lens focal length is until find doubtful optimal focusing position；Optimum position judgment step, continues, to focusing direction adjustment focal length, to gather several infrared images and calculate after details strengthens The focusing evaluation coefficient and picture rich in detail accounting coefficient of global image；If successive image focusing evaluation coefficient successively decreases and clearly schemes As accounting coefficient meets threshold requirement, then doubtful optimal focusing position confirms as optimal focusing position, otherwise repeats doubtful Focal length judgment step.
- A kind of 2. infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the doubtful focal length In judgment step, the calculating for evaluation coefficient of focusing is based on formula：<mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mo>=</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </munderover> <mi>max</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>In formula, sumg is focusing evaluation coefficient；F (i, j) is the gray value of image pixel after details enhancing；Maxg (i, j) is the greatest gradient of the point, its calculating is based on the following formula：Maxg (i, j)=max (f (i, j)-f (i, j+1), f (i, j)-f (i+1, j), f (i, j)-f (i+1, j+1) }.
- A kind of 3. infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the doubtful focal length In judgment step,Using greatest gradient algorithm travel through view picture infrared image, find greatest gradient and calculate all pixels point greatest gradient it With, using the sum of described greatest gradient as focusing evaluation coefficient；Using focus evaluation coefficient growing direction be used as focusing direction；Using the growth turning point position for evaluation coefficient of focusing as doubtful nearest focusing position.
- 4. a kind of infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that carried out to image thin The concrete operations of section enhancing include following sub-step：Filtering process sub-step, using bilateral filtering processing method, isolates image high frequency detail layer and the low frequency back of the body in spatial domain Background layer；Details strengthens sub-step, and details enhancing and the back of the body are realized using different γ parameters to the spectrum intensity of background layer and levels of detail Scape suppresses, and carries out γ corrections respectively to levels of detail and background layer in spatial domain, realizes high dynamic infrared image detail enhancement algorithms；Phase Build Out sub-step, distinguishes corresponding phase by the background spectra intensity after correction and details spectrum intensity and carries out Rebuild, obtain details enhancing image.
- A kind of 5. infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the doubtful focal length In judgment step, when judging focusing direction according to the focusing evaluation coefficient of multiple images, system is evaluated into the focusing of multiple images Array is into an one-dimensional matrix and sorts, if ranking keeps increasing trend, continues to focus to this direction, if ranking keeps passing Subtract trend, then reversely focusing.
- A kind of 6. infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the optimum position In judgment step, picture rich in detail accounting coefficient includes：Whole sub-picture is traveled through, calculates the greatest gradient of each pixel, if this picture The greatest gradient of element is more than threshold value, then is articulation point of focusing, is otherwise focal point, by the ratio of articulation point and total pixel number of focusing Value is used as picture rich in detail accounting coefficient.
- 7. a kind of infrared image overall situation Atomatic focusing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that used in levels of detail γ values less than 1 improve the gray scale of detail textures, and gentle background gray scale is compressed using the γ values more than 1 in background layer.
- A kind of 8. infrared image overall situation automatic focusing mechanism, it is characterised in that including：Doubtful focal length judgment module, the image for multiple adjacent focal lengths to continuous sampling substitute into focusing after carrying out details enhancing To calculate the focusing evaluation coefficient of global image in evaluation function, focusing direction is judged according to the focusing evaluation coefficient of multiple images And infrared lens focal length is adjusted until finding doubtful optimal focusing position；Optimum position judgment module, for continuing, to focusing direction adjustment focal length, to gather several infrared images after details strengthens Calculate the focusing evaluation coefficient and picture rich in detail accounting coefficient of global image；If successive image focusing evaluation coefficient successively decreases and clearly Clear image accounting coefficient meets threshold requirement, then doubtful optimal focusing position confirms as optimal focusing position, otherwise repeats Doubtful focal length judgment step.
- A kind of 9. infrared image overall situation automatic focusing mechanism according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the doubtful focal length In judgment module, view picture infrared image is traveled through using greatest gradient algorithm, greatest gradient is found and calculates all pixels point maximum The sum of gradient, using the sum of described greatest gradient as focusing evaluation coefficient；Using focus evaluation coefficient growing direction be used as tune Burnt direction；Using the growth turning point position for evaluation coefficient of focusing as doubtful nearest focusing position.
- A kind of 10. infrared image overall situation automatic focusing mechanism according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the optimum bit Put judgment module and calculate picture rich in detail accounting coefficient using following methods：Whole sub-picture is traveled through, calculates the maximum of each pixel Gradient, is otherwise focal point for articulation point of focusing if the greatest gradient of this pixel is more than threshold value, by focusing articulation point and always The ratio of pixel number is as picture rich in detail accounting coefficient.
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| CN110186865B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2023-09-19 | 利卓创新（北京）科技有限公司 | Intelligent network type infrared gas identification equipment and working method |
| CN113341534A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-03 | 浙江天铂云科光电股份有限公司 | Algorithm for finding optimal focal length through Manhattan block distance |
| CN114143451A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-04 | 武汉华中天经通视科技有限公司 | Focusing method for stroke-record-free focusing motor |
| CN114143451B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-08-18 | 武汉华中天经通视科技有限公司 | Focusing method for stroke-free recording focusing motor |
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