CN107911185A - A kind of maximum usable frequency computational methods suitable for short-wave link during ionospheric storm - Google Patents
A kind of maximum usable frequency computational methods suitable for short-wave link during ionospheric storm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of maximum usable frequency computational methods suitable for short-wave link during ionospheric storm, include the following steps：Step 1, in China preferably 5 high-quality tiltedly surveyor's chain roads are as background link；Step 2, vertical survey data fof2, foE and M using domestic 14 electric wave observation stations（3000）The F2 factors；Step 3, obtain history ionospheric storm respectively during 3 of 5 background link midpoints hang down and survey data and oblique surveyor's chain road maximum usable frequency MUF data；Step 4, hang down link midpoint during the ionospheric storm that interpolation obtains in above-mentioned steps 3 and survey data as the input in ITU R P533 suggestion shortwave maximum usable frequency calculation formula.Maximum usable frequency computational methods disclosed in this invention suitable for short-wave link during ionospheric storm, the acquisition of short-wave link maximum usable frequency during ionospheric storm is realized using the method, P.533, short-wave link maximum usable frequency calculation formula is suggested based on ITU R, with reference to the ionosphere status information during ionospheric storm, a kind of maximum usable frequency computational methods suitable for short-wave link during ionospheric storm are established.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of short-wave communication and radar, in particular to a method for calculating the highest available frequency of a short-wave link in an ionosphere storm period.
Background
High frequency radio signals transmitted from the ground upwards can be reflected by the ionosphere, which is the main propagation mode of short wave sky wave signals. High frequency radio signals, when reflected by the ionosphere, have a highest available frequency (MUF) associated with the reflected electron density, and if their frequency is higher than this value, the radio waves will penetrate the ionosphere and no longer return to the ground. By interpreting the vertical ionization map, parameters such as fof2 and M (3000) F2 factors are obtained, and the MUF reflected above the observation station on a 3000km path can be obtained. Meanwhile, the ionosphere oblique detection also realizes short-wave detection between two points through the reflection of the ionosphere. It can be seen that the MUF of the short-wave link is closely related to the ionosphere electron density distribution.
In recent years, the statistical properties of MUFs and their prediction techniques have grown when the ionosphere is calm. Among them, ITU-R P.533 recommendation by the International telecommunication Union, radio communication group is the most authoritative. The reference ionosphere provided by ITU-R P.1239 recommendation is used as a background, and a short-wave link parameter prediction method is established by methods such as ray path analysis and curve fitting. The recommendation is suitable for predicting ionosphere quiet-period short wave frequency field intensity, reliability and compatibility, namely monthly values of parameters such as F2 layer critical frequency and 3000km propagation factors can be predicted. It can be seen that the ITU-R p.533 recommendation applies only to short-wave link parameter prediction during ionospheric quiet periods. The ionosphere is influenced by various mechanisms such as chemistry, dynamics and electrodynamics, and shows complex change characteristics, when an ionosphere storm occurs, because ionosphere parameters are obviously deviated from the background value, corresponding changes of the short-wave link MUF can be caused, and the calculated error distribution and the accumulated error distribution of the short-wave link MUF during the ionosphere storm are shown in figure 1.
It can be seen that there is no regular knowledge of the characteristics and predictability of changes in ionospheric parameters during ionospheric storms and the resulting changes in short-wave link parameters in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the highest available frequency of a short wave link in an ionosphere storm period.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a method of calculating a highest available frequency for a short wave link during an ionospheric burst, the improvement comprising the steps of:
step 1, preferably selecting 5 high-quality oblique links as background links in the national range;
step 2, utilizing the vertical measurement data fof2, foE and M (3000) F2 factors of 14 radio observation stations in China to obtain vertical measurement data fof2, foE and M (3000) F2 factors of the midpoint positions of 5 background links through a Kersge interpolation algorithm, wherein fof2 is an electric separation layer F2Layer critical frequency, foE refers to the ionized layer E layer critical frequency;
step 3, respectively acquiring 3 vertical measurement data of the middle points of 5 background links in the historical ionosphere storm period and MUF data of the highest available frequency of an oblique measurement link, and preprocessing the background link data to be used as a training sample in the following step 4;
step 4, taking the vertical measurement data of the midpoint of the link during the ionospheric storm period obtained by interpolation in the step 3 as the input in an ITU-RP533 recommendation short wave highest available frequency calculation formula, taking the oblique measurement data as the output, optimizing 20 constant parameters in the formula by utilizing a particle swarm algorithm, and setting the optimization times or the optimization errors of the parameters to obtain the optimal constant parameters;
and 5, replacing the constant parameters in the original formula with the obtained 20 optimal constant parameters, and establishing a highest available frequency calculation method suitable for the short wave link in the ionospheric storm period by using vertical measurement data of 14 domestic radio wave observation stations to obtain vertical measurement data of a designated link midpoint as input.
Further, the step 3 specifically includes the following steps:
step 31, using fof2 relative deviation df as the criterion for ionospheric storm determination, wherein,wherein fof2 is an observed value, fof2medThe value is the middle of the month, when df is not less than 0.3, the ionospheric storm is considered as positive phase ionospheric storm, and when df is not more than-0.2, the ionospheric storm is considered as negative phase ionospheric storm;
step 32, obtaining 3 vertical measurement data of a midpoint of a certain link by using vertical measurement data of 14 domestic radio wave observation stations and a Kersoge interpolation algorithm, and respectively screening fof2, foE and M (3000) F2 factor 3 vertical measurement data of the midpoint of the link during the ionospheric storm in a certain time period and the highest available frequency data of the oblique measurement link according to the judgment standard of the ionospheric storm;
and step 33, regarding that the difference value of the MUFs of the two links with the same time point interchanging does not exceed 3MHz, namely the group of data is considered to be reliable in quality and can be used as sample data.
Further, the step 4 specifically includes the following steps:
step 41, setting and extracting 20 constant parameters in a calculation formula of the highest available frequency of the ITU-R P.533 recommendation short-wave link, and for a short-wave link one-hop MUF with a great circle distance less than 4000km, a link parameter prediction method provided by the ITU-R P.533 recommendation is as follows:
wherein:
fH: the electron magnetic spin frequency at the control point;
Cd＝X1-X2·Z-X3·Z2-X4·Z3+X5·Z4+X6·Z5+X7·Z6；
wherein,
Z＝1-2d/dmax；
dmax＝X8+(X9+X10/x2-X11/x4+X12/x6)(1/B-X13)；
wherein:
d: a propagation path length;
C3000: c at 3000kmdA value;
x＝foF2/foE or X20Taking the larger one;
wherein, X1To X20The constant parameters are obtained in advance through a particle swarm algorithm;
step 42, obtaining the optimal 20 constant parameters by using a particle swarm algorithm, training samples by using data of vertical measurement and oblique measurement of the midpoint of the link during the ionospheric storm period obtained by interpolation in step 2, optimizing the 20 constant parameters by using the ion swarm algorithm, and setting the optimization times or the error threshold value to finally obtain the 20 optimal constant parameters as follows:
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a method for calculating the highest available frequency of a short wave link in an ionosphere storm period, which is used for acquiring the highest available frequency of the short wave link in the ionosphere storm period, based on an ITU-R P.533 recommendation short wave link highest available frequency calculation formula, in combination with ionosphere state information in the ionosphere storm period, link midpoint vertical measurement data obtained by ionosphere vertical measurement data interpolation is used as input, 20 constant parameters in the ITU-R P.533 recommendation highest available frequency calculation formula are optimized by a particle swarm algorithm to acquire optimal constant parameters, and the method for calculating the highest available frequency of the short wave link in the ionosphere storm period is established.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of short wave link MUF calculated error distribution and accumulated error distribution during an ionospheric storm;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a calculation method disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a comparison between the calculation result of the short-wave link MUF and the actual measurement result during the normal phase ionospheric storm period of 20 to 21 days 2/month in 2017 by using the calculation method disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a comparison of the short-wave link MUF calculation result and the actual measurement result during the negative phase ionospheric storm period of 3-22 months in 2017 using the calculation method disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, this embodiment discloses a method for calculating a highest available frequency of a short-wave link during an ionospheric burst, which includes the following steps:
step 1, preferably selecting 5 high-quality oblique links as background links in the national range;
step 2, utilizing the vertical measurement data fof2, foE and M (3000) F2 factors of 14 radio observation stations in China to obtain vertical measurement data fof2, foE and M (3000) F2 factors of the midpoint positions of 5 background links through a Kersge interpolation algorithm, wherein fof2 is an electric separation layer F2Layer critical frequency, foE refers to the ionized layer E layer critical frequency;
step 3, respectively acquiring 3 vertical measurement data of the middle points of 5 background links in the historical ionosphere storm period and MUF data of the highest available frequency of an oblique measurement link, and preprocessing the background link data to be used as a training sample in the following step 4;
the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 31, using fof2 relative deviation df as the criterion for ionospheric storm determination, wherein,wherein fof2 is an observed value, fof2medThe value is the middle of the month, when df is not less than 0.3, the ionospheric storm is considered as positive phase ionospheric storm, and when df is not more than-0.2, the ionospheric storm is considered as negative phase ionospheric storm;
step 32, obtaining 3 vertical measurement data of a midpoint of a certain link by using vertical measurement data of 14 domestic radio wave observation stations and a Kersoge interpolation algorithm, and respectively screening fof2, foE and M (3000) F2 factor 3 vertical measurement data of the midpoint of the link during the ionospheric storm in a certain time period and the highest available frequency data of the oblique measurement link according to the judgment standard of the ionospheric storm;
and step 33, regarding that the difference value of the MUFs of the two links with the same time point interchanging does not exceed 3MHz, namely the group of data is considered to be reliable in quality and can be used as sample data.
Step 4, taking the vertical measurement data of the midpoint of the link during the ionospheric storm period obtained by interpolation in the step 3 as the input in an ITU-RP533 recommendation short wave highest available frequency calculation formula, taking the oblique measurement data as the output, optimizing 20 constant parameters in the formula by utilizing a particle swarm algorithm, and setting the optimization times or the optimization errors of the parameters to obtain the optimal constant parameters;
the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 41, setting and extracting 20 constant parameters in a calculation formula of the highest available frequency of the ITU-R P.533 recommendation short-wave link, and for a short-wave link one-hop MUF with a great circle distance less than 4000km, a link parameter prediction method provided by the ITU-R P.533 recommendation is as follows:
wherein:
fH: the electron magnetic spin frequency at the control point;
Cd＝X1-X2·Z-X3·Z2-X4·Z3+X5·Z4+X6·Z5+X7·Z6；
wherein,
Z＝1-2d/dmax；
dmax＝X8+(X9+X10/x2-X11/x4+X12/x6)(1/B-X13)；
wherein:
d: a propagation path length;
C3000: c at 3000kmdA value;
x＝foF2/foE or X20Taking the larger one;
wherein, X1To X20The constant parameters are obtained in advance through a particle swarm algorithm;
step 42, obtaining the optimal 20 constant parameters by using a particle swarm algorithm, training samples by using data of vertical measurement and oblique measurement of the midpoint of the link during the ionospheric storm period obtained by interpolation in step 2, optimizing the 20 constant parameters by using the ion swarm algorithm, and setting the optimization times or the error threshold value to finally obtain the 20 optimal constant parameters as follows:
and 5, replacing the constant parameters in the original formula with the obtained 20 optimal constant parameters, and establishing a highest available frequency calculation method suitable for the short wave link in the ionospheric storm period by using vertical measurement data of 14 domestic radio wave observation stations to obtain vertical measurement data of a designated link midpoint as input.
To verify the reliability of the calculation method during ionospheric storms, the normal phase ionospheric storms from 20 to 21 days in 2 months and the negative phase ionospheric storms from 22 days in 3 months in 2017 at the mid-point of the guangzhou-haikou link were chosen for verification, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. Table 1 and table 2 show the comparison of the measured MUF of the guangzhou-haikou link and the calculated MUF obtained by the calculation method during two ionospheric storms. As can be seen from the table, the maximum error during the normal phase ionospheric storm is 0.25MHz and the average absolute error is 0.1514 MHz. The maximum error during the negative phase ionospheric burst is 0.25MHz and the average absolute error is 0.078 MHz. Therefore, the MUF state of the short wave link can be accurately reflected by basically matching with the actual measurement result.
TABLE 20-21 normal phase ionospheric storm periods of 02-month-12017
Calculated and measured values of the Guangzhou-Haiko link MUF (MHz)
| Calculated value | 15.08 | 14.13 | 13.54 | 12.31 | 11.11 | 7.95 | 5.23 |
| Measured value | 14.99 | 14.05 | 13.29 | 12.09 | 10.91 | 7.81 | 5.15 |
TABLE 22017 negative phase ionospheric burst period of 03 months and 22 days
Calculated and measured values of the Guangzhou-Haiko link MUF (MHz)
| Calculated value | 12.84 | 11.97 | 11.25 | 11.93 | 12.14 | 8.76 | 6.61 | 5.88 |
| Measured value | 12.89 | 12.01 | 11.28 | 12.00 | 12.31 | 8.82 | 6.57 | 5.84 |
In summary, the method for calculating the highest available frequency of the short wave link during the ionospheric storm disclosed in this embodiment can provide the highest available frequency information during the ionospheric storm for the short wave system user, and provide effective ionospheric environmental impact information support for the operation of the related system. Under the support of ionosphere vertical measurement and oblique measurement data of a radio wave observation station network, reliable evaluation can be performed on the highest available frequency of the short wave link during an ionosphere storm only by knowing the information of the designated link receiving and sending points and substituting the optimal constant parameter obtained by optimizing the observation data into an ITU-R P.533 recommended short wave highest available frequency calculation formula, so that the method has important significance on performance exertion of a short wave system during the ionosphere storm.
Claims (3)
1. A method for calculating a highest available frequency for a short wave link during an ionospheric burst, comprising the steps of:
step 1, preferably selecting 5 high-quality oblique links as background links in the national range;
step 2, utilizing the vertical measurement data fof2, foE and M (3000) F2 factors of 14 radio observation stations in China to obtain vertical measurement data fof2, foE and M (3000) F2 factors of the midpoint positions of 5 background links through a Kersge interpolation algorithm, wherein fof2 is an electric separation layer F2Layer critical frequency, foE refers to the ionized layer E layer critical frequencyRate;
step 3, respectively acquiring 3 vertical measurement data of the middle points of 5 background links in the historical ionosphere storm period and MUF data of the highest available frequency of an oblique measurement link, and preprocessing the background link data to be used as a training sample in the following step 4;
step 4, taking the vertical measurement data of the link midpoint in the ionosphere storm period obtained by interpolation in the step 3 as the input in the ITU-R P533 recommendation short wave highest available frequency calculation formula, taking the oblique measurement data as the output, optimizing 20 constant parameters in the formula by utilizing a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and setting the optimization times or the optimization errors of the parameters to obtain the optimal constant parameters;
and 5, replacing the constant parameters in the original formula with the obtained 20 optimal constant parameters, and establishing a highest available frequency calculation method suitable for the short wave link in the ionospheric storm period by using vertical measurement data of 14 domestic radio wave observation stations to obtain vertical measurement data of a designated link midpoint as input.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 31, using fof2 relative deviation df as the criterion for ionospheric storm determination, wherein,wherein fof2 is an observed value, fof2medThe value is the middle of the month, when df is not less than 0.3, the ionospheric storm is considered as positive phase ionospheric storm, and when df is not more than-0.2, the ionospheric storm is considered as negative phase ionospheric storm;
step 32, obtaining 3 vertical measurement data of a midpoint of a certain link by using vertical measurement data of 14 domestic radio wave observation stations and a Kersoge interpolation algorithm, and respectively screening fof2, foE and M (3000) F2 factor 3 vertical measurement data of the midpoint of the link during the ionospheric storm in a certain time period and the highest available frequency data of the oblique measurement link according to the judgment standard of the ionospheric storm;
and step 33, regarding that the difference value of the MUFs of the two links with the same time point interchanging does not exceed 3MHz, namely the group of data is considered to be reliable in quality and can be used as sample data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 41, setting and extracting 20 constant parameters in a calculation formula of the highest available frequency of the ITU-R P.533 recommendation short-wave link, and for a short-wave link one-hop MUF with a great circle distance less than 4000km, a link parameter prediction method provided by the ITU-R P.533 recommendation is as follows:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>M</mi> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mn>3000</mn> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>H</mi> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mi>d</mi> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
wherein:
fH: the electron magnetic spin frequency at the control point;
Cd＝X1-X2·Z-X3·Z2-X4·Z3+X5·Z4+X6·Z5+X7·Z6；
wherein,
Z＝1-2d/dmax；
dmax＝X8+(X9+X10/x2-X11/x4+X12/x6)(1/B-X13)；
<mrow> <mi>B</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>3000</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>14</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>3000</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>15</mn> </msub> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>16</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>17</mn> </msub> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>19</mn> </msub> <mi>x</mi> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mn>19</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
wherein:
d: a propagation path length;
C3000: at 3000kmCdA value;
x＝foF2/foE or X20Taking the larger one;
wherein, X1To X20The constant parameters are obtained in advance through a particle swarm algorithm;
step 42, obtaining the optimal 20 constant parameters by using a particle swarm algorithm, training samples by using data of vertical measurement and oblique measurement of the midpoint of the link during the ionospheric storm period obtained by interpolation in step 2, optimizing the 20 constant parameters by using the ion swarm algorithm, and setting the optimization times or the error threshold value to finally obtain the 20 optimal constant parameters as follows:
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| CN109490641B (en) * | 2019-01-05 | 2020-12-08 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Method for calculating field intensity of short wave of sporadic E layer in mid-latitude area |
| CN110288117A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-09-27 | 中国人民解放军31007部队 | A kind of regional restructuring method of Ionospheric Parameters critical frequency |
| CN110288117B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-06-29 | 中国人民解放军31007部队 | Regional reconstruction method for critical frequency of ionosphere parameters |
| CN112272067A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-26 | 天津大学 | Short wave broadcast frequency scheduling method based on multi-source data processing |
| CN112272067B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-08 | 天津大学 | Short wave broadcast frequency scheduling method based on multi-source data processing |
| CN115426663A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-12-02 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Short-wave communication frequency selection optimization method and system |
| CN115426663B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2024-07-02 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Optimization method and system for short wave communication frequency selection |
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