CN107911149B - Doppler frequency shift compensation system and method in coherent optical communication - Google Patents
Doppler frequency shift compensation system and method in coherent optical communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN107911149B CN107911149B CN201711433099.4A CN201711433099A CN107911149B CN 107911149 B CN107911149 B CN 107911149B CN 201711433099 A CN201711433099 A CN 201711433099A CN 107911149 B CN107911149 B CN 107911149B
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- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the field of coherent light communication, and provides a Doppler frequency shift compensation system and a compensation method in coherent light communication, wherein the Doppler frequency shift compensation system comprises: the device comprises a tunable laser, a coherent light receiving system, a multi-channel baseband filter, a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a digital signal processing system (DSP) which are sequentially connected, wherein local oscillator light is generated by the tunable laser, the coherent light receiving system mixes signal light and the local oscillator light and converts the mixed signal light and the mixed signal light into multi-channel electric signals to be output, the multi-channel electric signals enter the multi-channel ADC to be sampled after being input into the multi-channel baseband filter for filtering, the sampled electric signals are demodulated in the DSP, and after the frequency deviation of the signal light and the local oscillator light is calculated, the wavelength of the local oscillator light is fed back and. By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the frequency of the local oscillator light can be accurately adjusted, the frequency deviation of the signal light caused by the Doppler effect can be rapidly compensated, and the stable work of the system can be maintained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical communication, and particularly relates to a Doppler frequency shift compensation system and a Doppler frequency shift compensation method in coherent optical communication.
Background
The coherent optical communication system has the advantages of high sensitivity, long relay distance, good selectivity, large communication capacity and the like. The method has great development potential in application scenes of satellite ground communication and inter-satellite communication.
However, according to the principle of coherent optical communication, laser light (local oscillator light) generated by local oscillation and input signal light are mixed in an optical mixer to obtain an intermediate frequency signal whose frequency, phase and amplitude are changed in the same rule as the signal light. And then the intermediate frequency signal is processed. In practical application, the frequency difference between the local oscillation light and the signal light is not large, otherwise the whole system cannot work normally;
in the application scenarios of satellite ground communication and inter-satellite communication, due to the doppler effect influence caused by the motion of the satellite, the frequency of the signal light received at the receiving end can change slowly in a large range, and can generally reach a doppler frequency shift range of ± 5GHz or even larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a Doppler frequency shift compensation system and a Doppler frequency shift compensation method in coherent light communication, so as to solve the problem that the normal work of a coherent light communication system is influenced by large frequency shift generated by signal light under the action of Doppler effect.
The embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows, a doppler shift compensation system in coherent optical communication, the doppler shift compensation system includes:
the tunable laser, the coherent light receiving system, the multichannel analog-to-digital converter ADC, the multichannel baseband filter and the digital signal processing system DSP which are connected in sequence, the local oscillator light generated by the signal light and the tunable laser is input into the coherent light receiving system, the coherent light receiving system mixes the signal light and the local oscillator light and outputs the mixed signal light and the mixed signal light as a multichannel electric signal, the multichannel electric signal enters the multichannel baseband filter for filtering, the multichannel ADC is used for sampling, the sampled electric signal enters the DSP, the Doppler frequency shift of the signal light is estimated in the DSP through calculation, the wavelength of the local oscillator light is adjusted through generating control signal feedback, and the control signal enters the tunable laser.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a doppler shift compensation method in coherent optical communication, where the doppler shift compensation method includes:
inputting signal light and local oscillation light generated by the tunable laser into a coherent light receiving system;
the coherent light receiving system mixes the signal light and the local oscillator light and outputs a plurality of paths of electric signals;
the multichannel electric signals are input into a multichannel baseband filter for filtering and then enter a multichannel ADC for sampling;
and in the DSP, the Doppler frequency shift of the signal light is estimated through calculation, and accordingly a control signal is generated to feed back and adjust the wavelength of the local oscillator light, and the control signal enters the tunable laser.
By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the frequency of the local oscillator light can be accurately adjusted, the frequency deviation of the signal light caused by the Doppler effect can be rapidly compensated, and the stable work of the coherent light communication system is maintained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a doppler shift compensation system in coherent optical communication according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a doppler shift compensation method in coherent optical communication according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to explain the technical means of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a doppler shift compensation system in coherent optical communication according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, where the doppler shift compensation system includes:
the tunable laser, the coherent light receiving system, the multichannel analog-to-digital converter ADC, the multichannel baseband filter and the digital signal processing system DSP which are connected in sequence, the local oscillator light generated by the signal light and the tunable laser is input into the coherent light receiving system, the coherent light receiving system mixes the signal light and the local oscillator light and outputs the mixed signal light and the mixed signal light as a multichannel electric signal, the multichannel electric signal enters the multichannel baseband filter for filtering, the multichannel ADC is used for sampling, the sampled electric signal enters the DSP, the Doppler frequency shift of the signal light is estimated in the DSP through calculation, the wavelength of the local oscillator light is adjusted through generating control signal feedback, and the control signal enters the tunable laser.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a doppler shift compensation system includes: the device comprises a tunable laser, a coherent light receiving system, a multi-path ADC, a multi-path baseband filter and a DSP which are connected in sequence. In a specific using process, the tunable laser generates local oscillator light with the same frequency as the signal light, the signal light and the local oscillator light are input into the coherent light receiving system, the coherent light receiving system performs frequency mixing processing on the signal light and the local oscillator light, the signals after the frequency mixing are converted into multi-path electric signals, the multi-path electric signals enter the multi-path ADC for sampling, and the sampled electric signals finally enter the DSP for demodulation processing.
The output light frequency of the tunable laser needs to be able to be continuously fine-tuned within a predictable maximum doppler shift range, namely: if the frequency of the signal light is fSThe maximum predictable Doppler shift is + -fDThen the output frequency of the tunable laser should be at fS-fDTo fS+fDIs continuously adjustable.
The number of the baseband filters and the ADCs may be adjusted according to actual use requirements, and the number is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. Preferably, the multiplex is 4.
In the embodiment of the invention, the electric signal output by the coherent light receiving system can be filtered by the multi-path baseband filter, so that a purer electric signal is obtained. The bandwidth range of the baseband filter may be set according to actual use requirements, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. Preferably, the bandwidth range of the baseband filter is: 0 to fmax,fmaxThe range of (A) is as follows: 0.7fB~fBSaid fBIs the baud rate of the system against doppler shift.
Wherein the sampling frequency of the ADC is 2fB。
Wherein, coherent light receiving system includes: a polarization multiplexing coherent light receiving system and a non-polarization multiplexing coherent light receiving system.
In the case of a polarization-multiplexed coherent optical receiving system, the coherent optical receiving system includes: the device comprises a signal light beam splitter, a local oscillator light beam splitter, an X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, a Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer and a 4-path balance detector, wherein the signal light beam splitter divides signal light into two beams, one beam enters the X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the other beam enters the Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the local oscillator light beam splitter divides the local oscillator light into two beams, the other beam enters the X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the other beam enters the Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer and the Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer mix the input signal light and the local oscillator light and then output the mixed signal light and the local oscillator light to the 4-path balance detector, and the balance detector converts the mixed light signal into 4-path electric signals.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a coherent light receiving system includes: the device comprises a signal light beam splitter, a local oscillator light beam splitter, an X polarization state 90-degree mixer, a Y polarization state 90-degree mixer and a 4-path balance detector. In a specific using process, after signal light enters a coherent light receiving system, a signal light beam splitter divides the signal light into two beams: a bunch of signal light gets into 90 mixers of X polarization, a bunch of signal light gets into 90 mixers of Y polarization, after the local oscillator light gets into coherent light receiving system, local oscillator beam splitter divides the local oscillator light into two bundles: a beam of local oscillator light enters an X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, a beam of local oscillator light enters a Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer mixes signal light and local oscillator light and outputs the mixed signal light and local oscillator light to a balance detector, the Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer mixes the signal light and local oscillator light and outputs the mixed signal light and local oscillator light to the balance detector, and the balance detector converts received optical signals after 4 paths of frequency mixing into 4 paths of electric signals.
According to the principle of operation of a coherent receiver, the amplitude of the output electrical signal should be proportional toWherein E isSIs the electric field strength of the signal light, ELIs the intensity of the local oscillator light, fSFrequency of signal light, fLIs the frequency of the local oscillator light,in order to modulate the induced phase change,is phase noise.
When the frequency difference between the local oscillation light and the signal light is large (f)L-fS>fmax) When the filter is used, most of the energy of the signal is outside the passband of the filter, and the energy of the signal output by the filter is smaller; when the frequency deviation is small (f)L-fS<fmax) Most energy of the signal can pass through the filter, and the energy of the signal output by the filter is larger. By adjusting the frequency f of the local oscillator lightLFinding the frequency value f that maximizes the power of the received electrical signalL0It can be used as a rough estimation value of the optical frequency of the signal currently under the influence of the Doppler frequency shift. Setting the frequency of the local oscillator light to fL0Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out on IQ two-path signals of two polarizations in a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) to find out a frequency spectrum peak value of the IQ two-path signals, and at the moment, the frequency deviation is very small and does not exceed fBThe current frequency offset estimation value delta f can be calculated according to the frequency spectrum peak position, and then the frequency of the local oscillator light is correspondingly adjusted according to the delta f, so that the Doppler frequency shift can be tracked, the frequency deviation between the local oscillator light and the signal light is ensured to be always in a small range, and the system can stably work.
As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the coherent light receiving system further includes: and the 4-path linear trans-impedance amplifier TIA is connected with the 4-path balance detector.
The TIA is used for amplifying the electric signal output by the balance detector.
If the system is a polarization multiplexing coherent light receiving system, the estimation and tracking of the Doppler frequency shift by the Doppler frequency shift compensation system comprises the following steps:
1. setting the local oscillator light frequency to fL=fS-fDThen at the same frequency interval Δ fscanSuccessive increases of fLUp to fLTo fL=fS+fDAt least one of (1) and (b); calculating the average power value P of the signal in the DSP after each adjustmentmeanAnd recording, finding out PmeanMaximum fLValue fL0,fL0Can be used as the moment under the action of Doppler frequency shiftA coarse estimation value of an actual frequency value of the signal light;
2. setting the local oscillator light frequency to fL0;
3. Received X-polarized signal X in DSPI+jXQAnd Y polarization signal YI+jYQAnd respectively performing FFT of N points, finding out the frequency spectrum peak values of the two paths of signals, and taking the path with the larger peak value for subsequent calculation. Calculating the frequency deviation corresponding to the frequency spectrum peak value to obtain the estimated value delta f of the current frequency deviation, and then adjusting fLSo that
Wherein a is a fixed adjustment coefficient,the frequency of the local oscillator light before adjustment is obtained.
And repeating the operation of the step 3 continuously to keep the frequency of the local oscillator light close to the frequency of the signal light, thereby realizing the tracking of the Doppler frequency shift and ensuring the normal work of the system. According to the characteristics of FFT, the precision of delta f calculated by N-point FFT is 2fBa/N in the range of +/-fB;ΔfscanThe value of sum N needs to satisfy Δ fscan<2fBN; the value of the frequency adjustment a is positive number less than 0.5, and the time required for the third step of operation to be completely executed is topAt topThe maximum value of the frequency change of the internal signal light is fopThe value of a should also satisfy
Fig. 2 shows a doppler shift compensation method in coherent optical communication according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, where the doppler shift compensation method includes:
step S201, inputting signal light and local oscillation light generated by the tunable laser into a coherent light receiving system;
step S202, the coherent light receiving system outputs the signal light and the local oscillator light into a plurality of paths of electric signals after mixing;
step S203, inputting the multi-path electric signals into a multi-path baseband filter for filtering, and then entering a multi-path ADC for sampling;
step S204, estimating the Doppler frequency shift of the signal light through calculation in the DSP, generating a control signal according to the Doppler frequency shift, and feeding back and adjusting the wavelength of the local oscillator light, wherein the control signal enters the tunable laser.
In the embodiment of the invention, signal light and local oscillator light generated by a tunable laser are input into a coherent light receiving system, the coherent light receiving system mixes the signal light and the local oscillator light and outputs the mixed signal light and the mixed signal light as a plurality of paths of electric signals, the plurality of paths of electric signals are input into a plurality of paths of baseband filters for filtering and then enter a plurality of paths of ADCs for sampling, Doppler frequency shift of the signal light is estimated in a DSP through calculation, a control signal is generated according to the Doppler frequency shift, the wavelength of the local oscillator light is fed back and adjusted, and the control signal enters the.
The output light frequency of the tunable laser needs to be able to be continuously fine-tuned within a predictable maximum doppler shift range, namely: if the frequency of the signal light is fSThe maximum predictable Doppler shift is + -fDThen the output frequency of the tunable laser should be at fS-fDTo fS+fDIs continuously adjustable.
The number of the baseband filters and the ADCs may be adjusted according to actual use requirements, and the number is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. Preferably, the multiplex is 4.
In the embodiment of the invention, the electric signal output by the coherent light receiving system can be filtered by the multi-path baseband filter, so that a purer electric signal is obtained. The bandwidth range of the baseband filter may be set according to actual use requirements, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. Preferably, the bandwidth range of the baseband filter is: 0 to fmax,fmaxThe range of (A) is as follows: 0.7fB~fBSaid fBIs the baud rate of the system against doppler shift.
Wherein the ADC is adoptedSample frequency of 2fB。
Wherein, coherent light receiving system includes: a polarization multiplexing coherent light receiving system and a non-polarization multiplexing coherent light receiving system.
In the case of a polarization-multiplexed coherent optical receiving system, the coherent optical receiving system includes: the device comprises a signal light beam splitter, a local oscillator light beam splitter, an X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, a Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer and a 4-path balance detector, wherein the signal light beam splitter divides signal light into two beams, one beam enters the X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the other beam enters the Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the local oscillator light beam splitter divides the local oscillator light into two beams, the other beam enters the X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the other beam enters the Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer and the Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer mix the input signal light and the local oscillator light and then output the mixed signal light and the local oscillator light to the 4-path balance detector, and the balance detector converts the mixed light signal into 4-path electric signals.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a coherent light receiving system includes: the device comprises a signal light beam splitter, a local oscillator light beam splitter, an X polarization state 90-degree mixer, a Y polarization state 90-degree mixer and a 4-path balance detector. In a specific using process, after signal light enters a coherent light receiving system, a signal light beam splitter divides the signal light into two beams: a bunch of signal light gets into 90 mixers of X polarization, a bunch of signal light gets into 90 mixers of Y polarization, after the local oscillator light gets into coherent light receiving system, local oscillator beam splitter divides the local oscillator light into two bundles: a beam of local oscillator light enters an X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, a beam of local oscillator light enters a Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer, the X polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer mixes signal light and local oscillator light and outputs the mixed signal light and local oscillator light to a balance detector, the Y polarization state 90-degree frequency mixer mixes the signal light and local oscillator light and outputs the mixed signal light and local oscillator light to the balance detector, and the balance detector converts received optical signals after 4 paths of frequency mixing into 4 paths of electric signals.
According to the principle of operation of a coherent receiver, the amplitude of the output electrical signal should be proportional toWherein E isSIs the electric field strength of the signal light, ELElectric field being local oscillator lightStrength, fSFrequency of signal light, fLIs the frequency of the local oscillator light,in order to modulate the induced phase change,is phase noise.
When the frequency difference between the local oscillation light and the signal light is large (f)L-fS>fmax) When the filter is used, most of the energy of the signal is outside the passband of the filter, and the energy of the signal output by the filter is smaller; when the frequency deviation is small (f)L-fS<fmax) Most energy of the signal can pass through the filter, and the energy of the signal output by the filter is larger. By adjusting the frequency f of the local oscillator lightLFinding the frequency value f that maximizes the power of the received electrical signalL0It can be used as a rough estimation value of the optical frequency of the signal currently under the influence of the Doppler frequency shift. Setting the frequency of the local oscillator light to fL0Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is carried out on IQ two-path signals of two polarizations in a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) to find out a frequency spectrum peak value of the IQ two-path signals, and at the moment, the frequency deviation is very small and does not exceed fBThe current frequency offset estimation value delta f can be calculated according to the frequency spectrum peak position, and then the frequency of the local oscillator light is correspondingly adjusted according to the delta f, so that the Doppler frequency shift can be tracked, the frequency deviation between the local oscillator light and the signal light is ensured to be always in a small range, and the system can stably work.
As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the coherent light receiving system further includes: and the 4-path linear trans-impedance amplifier TIA is connected with the 4-path balance detector.
The TIA is used for amplifying the electric signal output by the balance detector.
If the system is a polarization multiplexing coherent light receiving system, the estimation and tracking of the Doppler frequency shift by the Doppler frequency shift compensation system comprises the following steps:
1. setting the local oscillator light frequency to fL=fS-fDThen, howeverThen at the same frequency interval deltafscanSuccessive increases of fLUp to fLTo fL=fS+fDAt least one of (1) and (b); calculating the average power value P of the signal in the DSP after each adjustmentmeanAnd recording, finding out PmeanMaximum fLValue fL0,fL0The value can be used as a rough estimated value of the actual frequency value of the signal light under the action of Doppler frequency shift;
2. setting the local oscillator light frequency to fL0;
3. Received X-polarized signal X in DSPI+jXQAnd Y polarization signal YI+jYQAnd respectively performing FFT of N points, finding out the frequency spectrum peak values of the two paths of signals, and taking the path with the larger peak value for subsequent calculation. Calculating the frequency deviation corresponding to the frequency spectrum peak value to obtain the estimated value delta f of the current frequency deviation, and then adjusting fLSo that
Wherein a is a fixed adjustment coefficient,the frequency of the local oscillator light before adjustment is obtained.
And repeating the operation of the step 3 continuously to keep the frequency of the local oscillator light close to the frequency of the signal light, thereby realizing the tracking of the Doppler frequency shift and ensuring the normal work of the system. According to the characteristics of FFT, the precision of delta f calculated by N-point FFT is 2fBa/N in the range of +/-fB;ΔfscanThe value of sum N needs to satisfy Δ fscan<2fBN; the value of the frequency adjustment a is positive number less than 0.5, and the time required for the third step of operation to be completely executed is topAt topThe maximum value of the frequency change of the internal signal light is fopThe value of a should also satisfy
Those skilled in the art can understand that each unit included in the above embodiments is only divided according to functional logic, but is not limited to the above division as long as the corresponding function can be realized; in addition, specific names of the functional units are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be further understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by relevant hardware instructed by a program stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A Doppler frequency shift compensation method in coherent optical communication is based on a Doppler frequency shift compensation system in coherent optical communication, and the Doppler frequency shift compensation system comprises:
the tunable laser, the coherent light receiving system, the multi-channel analog-to-digital converter ADC, the multi-channel baseband filter and the digital signal processing system DSP are connected in sequence;
the Doppler frequency shift compensation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
inputting signal light and local oscillation light generated by the tunable laser into a coherent light receiving system;
the coherent light receiving system mixes the signal light and the local oscillator light and outputs a plurality of paths of electric signals;
the multichannel electric signals are input into a multichannel baseband filter for filtering and then enter a multichannel ADC for sampling;
estimating Doppler frequency shift of signal light by calculation in a DSP (digital signal processor), generating a control signal according to the Doppler frequency shift, and feeding back and adjusting the wavelength of local oscillation light, wherein the control signal enters the tunable laser;
the coherent light receiving system is a polarization multiplexing coherent light receiving system, estimates and tracks Doppler frequency shift, and comprises the following steps:
setting the local oscillator light frequency to fL=fS-fDThen at the same frequency interval Δ fscanSuccessive increases of fLUp to fLTo fL=fS+fDWherein f isSAs frequency of signal light, fDIs the maximum doppler shift that can be expected;
calculating the average power value P of the signal in the DSP after each adjustmentmeanAnd recording, finding out PmeanMaximum fLValue fL0,fL0The value can be used as a rough estimated value of the actual frequency value of the signal light under the action of Doppler frequency shift;
setting the local oscillator light frequency to fL0;
Received X-polarized signal X in DSPI+jXQAnd Y polarization signal YI+jYQRespectively performing FFT of N points, finding out the frequency spectrum peak values of two paths of signals, taking the path with the larger peak value to perform subsequent calculation, calculating the frequency deviation corresponding to the frequency spectrum peak value, obtaining the estimated value delta f of the current frequency deviation, and then adjusting fLSo that
2. The doppler shift compensation method of claim 1, wherein the baseband filter has a bandwidth ranging from: 0 to fmax,fmaxThe range of (A) is as follows: 0.7fB~fBSaid fBIs the baud rate of the coherent optical communication system.
3. The doppler shift compensation method of claim 2, wherein the sampling frequency of the ADC is 2fB。
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