CN107905864B - A kind of energy-storing and power-generating system and its control method - Google Patents

A kind of energy-storing and power-generating system and its control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107905864B
CN107905864B CN201711116393.2A CN201711116393A CN107905864B CN 107905864 B CN107905864 B CN 107905864B CN 201711116393 A CN201711116393 A CN 201711116393A CN 107905864 B CN107905864 B CN 107905864B
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China
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ammonia
storage tank
control valve
energy
power
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CN107905864A (en
Inventor
梅生伟
薛小代
陈来军
卢强
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Tsinghua University
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Wuhu Power Supply Co of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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Tsinghua University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/106Ammonia

Abstract

The present invention relates to field of energy utilization, a kind of energy-storing and power-generating system and its control method are disclosed comprising:It is sequentially connected concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank, generator, separator, condenser, liquid ammonia storage tank, the turbo-expander in turbine power generation unit, evaporator and the absorber for constituting circulation loop, wherein, the condenser is connected to the first outlet on the separator top, and the generator is connect with low-grade heat source;Further include supercharging branch, one end of the supercharging branch is connect with the bottom of the liquid ammonia storage tank, and the other end of the supercharging branch is connected to the top of the liquid ammonia storage tank;Further include dilute ammonia branch, the both ends of dilute ammonia branch are connect with the separator and the absorber respectively, wherein dilute ammonia branch is connected to the second outlet of the separator lower part.Energy-storing and power-generating system provided by the present invention enough realizes energy storage, power generation and refrigeration using low grade heat energy.

Description

A kind of energy-storing and power-generating system and its control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of energy utilization more particularly to a kind of energy-storing and power-generating systems and above-mentioned energy storing and electricity generating The control method of system.
Background technology
Concern suffered by China's energy and environmental issue increasingly increases, and energy-saving and emission-reduction and Renewable Energy Development become weight In it is weight.The utilization of industrial waste heat is a Main way of energy-saving and emission-reduction, but the utilization of current only high temperature waste hot is more perfect, Middle low-temperature waste heat is relatively low due to hot grade, it is difficult to recycle.In addition, renewable energy power is due to by geographical conditions and nature The limitation of condition, it is general that there is intermittent and unstability, so that it is promoted and applied by certain obstruction;Network load due to Peak-valley difference continues to increase caused by the periodic job at family end and work and rest, is made to the safe and highly efficient operation of power grid and supply depot equipment At certain influence;Energy storage technology can not only promote the quality of renewable energy power by storage-power generation, additionally it is possible to for electricity Net provides spare capacity.Therefore, the energy storage technology of development low-grade heat source driving is to solving the above problems with highly important Meaning.
Invention content
(1) technical problems to be solved
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of energy-storing and power-generating systems, it is intended at least solve the prior art or the relevant technologies Present in one of technical problem.
It is a further object to provide a kind of control methods of energy-storing and power-generating system, it is intended at least solve existing skill One of technical problem present in art or the relevant technologies.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of energy-storing and power-generating systems comprising:It is sequentially connected composition Turbine expansion in the concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank of circulation loop, generator, separator, condenser, liquid ammonia storage tank, turbine power generation unit Machine, evaporator and absorber, wherein the condenser is connected to the first outlet on the separator top, the generator with Low-grade heat source connects;It is provided with the first control valve between the concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank and the generator, is stored up in the liquefied ammonia It is provided with the second control valve between tank and the turbo-expander, the first transfer tube is additionally provided on the circulation loop;
Further include supercharging branch, one end of the supercharging branch is connect with the bottom of the liquid ammonia storage tank, the supercharging branch The other end on road is connected to the top of the liquid ammonia storage tank, and supercharging device and third control are additionally provided on the supercharging branch road Valve;
Further include dilute ammonia branch, the both ends of dilute ammonia branch are connect with the separator and the absorber respectively, In, dilute ammonia branch is connected to the second outlet of the separator lower part, the weak aqua ammonia storage tank and the separator it Between be provided with the 4th control valve, the 5th control valve is provided between the weak aqua ammonia storage tank and the absorber, described dilute Ammonia branch road is additionally provided with the second transfer tube.
Wherein, solution heat exchanger is additionally provided on the circulation loop, the solution heat exchanger is located at the absorber Between the concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank, pass through from the weak aqua ammonia in the concentrated ammonia liquor and dilute ammonia branch that the absorber comes out described Solution heat exchanger carries out hot transmission.
Wherein, further include controller, first transfer tube, second transfer tube, first control valve, described Two control valves, the third control valve, the 4th control valve and the 5th control valve are connect with the controller respectively;Institute It states and is additionally provided with pressure gauge in liquid ammonia storage tank, the pressure gauge is connect with the controller.
Wherein, low grade heat energy includes waste heat, the waste heat generated in middle low temperature photo-thermal, underground heat and industrial processes.
Wherein, further include the first cooling circulation loop, the condenser is located on the first cooling circulation loop, this It is additionally provided with cooling column or air cooler on one cooling circulation loop.
Wherein, further include the second cooling circulation loop, the absorber is located on the second cooling circulation loop, described cold But tower or the air cooler are also disposed on the second cooling circulation loop.
Wherein, the energy-storing and power-generating system is powered by power grid valley power or renewable energy power.
The present invention also provides a kind of control methods of energy-storing and power-generating system comprising energy storage pattern and release can pattern:
Under energy storage pattern, the first control valve and the 4th control valve are opened, closes the second control valve, third control valve, the Five control valves make the concentrated ammonia liquor in concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank enter heating of absorbing heat in generator, are then separated into high pressure ammonia through separator Steam and hot weak aqua ammonia are stored in after the condensed device cooling liquid of high pressure ammonia steam in liquid ammonia storage tank, and hot weak aqua ammonia is stored in dilute In tank used for storing ammonia;
Can close the first control valve and the 4th control valve under pattern releasing, open third control valve, so that liquefied ammonia from institute It states liquid ammonia storage tank bottom and flow to supercharging device, and liquefied ammonia is back to after being heated as ammonia steam by the heat source in the supercharging device Tank top is to be pressurized liquid ammonia storage tank, when the pressure in the liquid ammonia storage tank reaches preset pressure, opens the second control Valve processed, the 5th control valve, make high pressure ammonia steam enter expansion work in turbo-expander and engine are driven to generate electricity, described The weary ammonia of turbo-expander discharge enters back into absorber after entering evaporator heat absorption expansion, in the absorber with from described The weak aqua ammonia flowed out in weak aqua ammonia storage tank is mixed to form concentrated ammonia liquor and flows back into concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank, and the ammonia steam is in evaporator Cold is provided while interior heat absorption, realizes refrigeration.
Wherein, pass through the weak aqua ammonia in solution heat exchanger and dilute ammonia branch from the concentrated ammonia liquor flowed out in the absorber Carry out hot transmission.
Wherein, the preset pressure is 3MPa.
(3) advantageous effect
Energy-storing and power-generating system provided by the present invention by the way that low-grade heat source is stored in high-pressure liquid ammonia and hot ammonium hydroxide, and It is released in the form of electric energy when needed, it, not only can be with to may advantageously facilitate the comprehensive utilization of low grade heat energy It is spare to participate in peak load regulation network, offer capacity, the consumption of intermittent renewable electricity power can also be promoted, while providing cold energy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of energy-storing and power-generating system according to the present invention;
In figure:1:Concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank;2:First transfer tube;3:Generator;4:Separator;5:Condenser;6:Liquid ammonia storage tank; 7:Supercharging device;8:Turbo-expander;9:Generator;10:Evaporator;11:Cold-storage water tank;12:Absorber;13:Cooling tower; 14:Weak aqua ammonia storage tank;15:Second transfer tube;16:Solution heat exchanger;17:First control valve;18:Second control valve;19:Third Control valve;20:4th control valve;21:5th control valve;22:6th control valve.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in further detail.Following instance For illustrating the present invention, but it is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term "center", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside", " up time The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " be orientation based on ... shown in the drawings or Position relationship is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must There must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral;Can be that machinery connects It connects, can also be to be electrically connected or can communicate each other;It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be with It is the interaction relationship of the connection or two elements inside two elements, unless otherwise restricted clearly.For this field For those of ordinary skill, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
Fig. 1 shows an a kind of preferred embodiment of energy-storing and power-generating system according to the present invention.As shown, the energy storage Electricity generation system include include be sequentially connected constitute circulation loop concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank 1, generator 3, separator 4, condenser 5, liquid Turbo-expander 8, evaporator 10 in ammonia storage tank 6, turbine power generation unit and absorber 12, wherein condenser 5 and separator 4 The first outlet on top is connected to, and generator 3 is connect with low-grade heat source.Is provided between concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank 1 and generator 3 One control valve 17 is provided with the second control valve 18 between liquid ammonia storage tank 6 and turbo-expander 8, is also set up on circulation loop There is the first transfer tube 2 of the circulation medium in driving circulation loop.The energy-storing and power-generating system further includes supercharging branch, is pressurized branch One end connect with the bottom of liquid ammonia storage tank 6, the other end for being pressurized branch is connected to the top of liquid ammonia storage tank 6, supercharging branch On be additionally provided with supercharging device 7 and the second control valve 18, wherein supercharging device 7 is connect with supplying heat source (such as low-grade heat source). In addition, the energy-storing and power-generating system further includes dilute ammonia branch, the both ends of dilute ammonia branch are connect with separator 4 and absorber 12 respectively, Wherein, dilute ammonia branch is connected to the second outlet of 4 lower part of separator, and is provided between weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14 and separator 4 Four control valves 20 are provided with the 5th control valve 21 between 12 pipe of weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14 and absorber, are also set on the roads Xi Anzhi It is equipped with the second transfer tube 15.
The energy-storing and power-generating system includes two kinds of operating modes:Energy storage pattern and release can pattern.In use, first turning on energy storage Pattern opens the first control valve 17 and the 4th control valve 20, close the second control valve 18, third control valve the 19, the 5th controls Valve 21, and open the first transfer tube 2 so that the concentrated ammonia liquor in concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank 1 enters under the driving of the first transfer tube 2 to be occurred In device 3, separator 4 is entered after heat source heats, and high pressure ammonia and hot weak aqua ammonia are separated into separator 4, hot weak aqua ammonia It being downwardly into weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14 and stores, high pressure ammonia enters in condenser 5, and liquefaction is liquefied ammonia under the cooling of condenser 5, Subsequently into being stored in liquid ammonia storage tank 6, energy storage Pattern completion.After energy storage Pattern completion, liquefied ammonia and hot weak aqua ammonia are respectively in liquefied ammonia Storage tank 6 is kept in weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14.
When needing to release energy, energy pattern is released in unlatching, that is, closes the first control valve 17 and the 4th control valve 20, opens third control Valve 19 processed, so that liquefied ammonia flow to supercharging device 7 from 6 bottom of liquid ammonia storage tank, and ammonia is heated as by the heat source in supercharging device 7 6 top of liquid ammonia storage tank is back to after steam to be pressurized to liquid ammonia storage tank 6, when the pressure in liquid ammonia storage tank 6 reaches preset pressure When, the second control valve 18, the 5th control valve 21 are opened, so that high pressure ammonia steam is entered expansion work in turbo-expander 8 and drives Generator 9 generates electricity, and the weary ammonia that turbo-expander 8 is discharged enters back into absorber 12 after entering the heat absorption expansion of evaporator 10, Concentrated ammonia liquor is mixed to form with the weak aqua ammonia flowed out out of weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14 and flow back into concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank 1 in absorber 12 It is interior.Ammonia steam provides cold in evaporator 10 while heat absorption, realize refrigeration, such as can cold be passed through coolant media (example Such as water) form be stored in cold-storage water tank 11.
Energy-storing and power-generating system provided by the present invention by the way that low-grade heat source is stored in high-pressure liquid ammonia and hot ammonium hydroxide, and It is released in the form of electric energy when needed, it, not only can be with to may advantageously facilitate the comprehensive utilization of low grade heat energy Realize the storage of electric energy, moreover it is possible to meet cold demand.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with solution heat exchanger 16 on circulation loop, solution heat exchanger 16 is located at absorber 12 and dense Between tank used for storing ammonia 1, carried out from the weak aqua ammonia in the concentrated ammonia liquor and dilute ammonia branch that absorber 12 comes out by solution heat exchanger 16 Heat is transmitted, to further increase the utilization ratio of energy.
Preferably, which further includes controller (not shown), the first transfer tube 2, the second transfer tube 15, One control valve 17, the second control valve 18, third control valve 19, the 4th control valve 20 and the 5th control valve 21 connect with controller respectively It connects, to be turned on and off under the control of the controller respectively.Pressure gauge (not shown), pressure gauge are additionally provided in liquid ammonia storage tank 6 It is connect with controller, when making the pressure in liquid ammonia storage tank 6 detected by pressure gauge reach preset pressure, passes through controller control Related valve processed is turned on and off.
Specifically, low-grade heat source refers herein to that temperature is relatively low, is not easy to the heat source directly utilized, for example, in low temperature The nature heat source such as photo-thermal, underground heat, a large amount of waste heat, the waste heat generated in level-one process of factory production.
Preferably, which is powered by power grid valley power or renewable energy power, to realize power grid tune Peak or regenerative resource consumption.
Further, in order to promote the weary ammonia being discharged from evaporator 10 fully with dilute ammonia for being flowed out from weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14 Water is mixed to form concentrated ammonia liquor, and preferably the energy-storing and power-generating system further includes the first cooling circulation loop, and condenser 5 is located at first confession On SAPMAC method circuit, cooling tower 13 or air cooler are additionally provided on the first cooling circulation loop.Furthermore it is preferred that the energy storage system Cooling system further includes the second cooling circulation loop, and absorber 12, cooling tower 13 or air cooler are located at the second cooling circulation loop On.
In addition, heat stored in liquid ammonia storage tank 6 and weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14 generates loss in order to prevent, preferably liquefied ammonia stores up It is both provided with insulating layer outside the tank skin of tank 6 and weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14.
In addition, the 6th control valve 22 is additionally provided between absorber 12 and concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank 1 on circulation line, the 6th Control valve 22 is connect with controller, so as to the break-make of control loop pipeline.
The invention also discloses a kind of control methods of above-mentioned energy-storing and power-generating system comprising energy storage pattern and release can mould Formula,
Under energy storage pattern, the first control valve 17 and the 4th control valve 20 are opened, closes the second control valve 18, third control Valve 19, the 5th control valve 21 make the concentrated ammonia liquor in concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank 1 enter heating of absorbing heat in generator 3, then through separator 4 It is separated into high pressure ammonia steam and hot weak aqua ammonia, is stored in liquid ammonia storage tank 6 after condensed 5 cooling liquid of device of high pressure ammonia steam, heat Weak aqua ammonia is stored in weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14;
In the case where releasing energy pattern, the first control valve 17 and the 4th control valve 20 are closed, third control valve 19 is opened, so that liquid Ammonia flow to supercharging device 7 from 6 bottom of liquefied ammonia storage storage tank, and is returned after being heated as ammonia steam by the supplying heat source in supercharging device 7 To the top of liquid ammonia storage tank 6 to be pressurized to liquid ammonia storage tank 6, when the pressure in liquid ammonia storage tank 6 reach preset pressure (such as When 3MPa), the second control valve 18, the 5th control valve 21 are opened, high pressure ammonia steam is made to enter in turbo-expander 8 expansion work simultaneously Generator 9 is driven to generate electricity, the weary ammonia that turbo-expander 8 is discharged enters back into absorber after entering the heat absorption expansion of evaporator 10 12, concentrated ammonia liquor is mixed to form with the weak aqua ammonia flowed out out of weak aqua ammonia storage tank 14 and flow back into concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank in absorber 12 In 1.Ammonia steam provides cold in evaporator 10 while heat absorption, realize refrigeration.
Preferably, the concentrated ammonia liquor flowed out out of absorber 12 by the weak aqua ammonia in solution heat exchanger 16 and dilute ammonia branch into Row heat is transmitted, to further increase the utilization rate of low-grade energy.
The above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of energy-storing and power-generating system, which is characterized in that including:It is sequentially connected and constitutes the concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank of circulation loop, occurs Device, separator, condenser, liquid ammonia storage tank, the turbo-expander in turbine power generation unit, evaporator and absorber, wherein described Condenser is connected to the first outlet on the separator top, and the generator is connect with low-grade heat source;In the concentrated ammonia liquor It is provided with the first control valve between storage tank and the generator, is provided between the liquid ammonia storage tank and the turbo-expander Second control valve is additionally provided with the first transfer tube on the circulation loop;
Further include supercharging branch, one end of the supercharging branch is connect with the bottom of the liquid ammonia storage tank, the supercharging branch The other end is connected to the top of the liquid ammonia storage tank, and supercharging device and third control valve are additionally provided on the supercharging branch road;
Further include dilute ammonia branch, the both ends of dilute ammonia branch are connect with the separator and the absorber respectively, wherein institute It states dilute ammonia branch to be connected to the second outlet of the separator lower part, weak aqua ammonia storage tank is provided on the roads Xi Anzhi, Be provided with the 4th control valve between the weak aqua ammonia storage tank and the separator, the weak aqua ammonia storage tank and the absorber it Between be provided with the 5th control valve, be additionally provided with the second transfer tube on the roads Xi Anzhi.
2. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with solution on the circulation loop Heat exchanger, the solution heat exchanger come out dense between the absorber and the concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank from the absorber Weak aqua ammonia in ammonium hydroxide and dilute ammonia branch carries out hot transmission by the solution heat exchanger.
3. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include controller, first transfer tube, Second transfer tube, first control valve, second control valve, the third control valve, the 4th control valve and 5th control valve is connect with the controller respectively;Be additionally provided with pressure gauge in the liquid ammonia storage tank, the pressure gauge with The controller connection.
4. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that low-grade heat source include middle low temperature photo-thermal, The waste heat generated in heat and industrial processes.
5. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include the first cooling circulation loop, it is described Condenser is located on the first cooling circulation loop, and cooling tower or air cooler are additionally provided on the first cooling circulation loop.
6. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include the second cooling circulation loop, it is described Absorber is located on the second cooling circulation loop, and the cooling tower or the air cooler are also disposed at described second for SAPMAC method On circuit.
7. according to the energy-storing and power-generating system described in any one of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the energy-storing and power-generating system by Power grid valley power or renewable energy power power supply.
8. a kind of control method of energy-storing and power-generating system as described in any one of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that including storage It can pattern and release can pattern:
Under energy storage pattern, the first control valve and the 4th control valve are opened, closes the second control valve, third control valve, the 5th control Valve processed makes the concentrated ammonia liquor in concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank enter heating of absorbing heat in generator, is then separated into high pressure ammonia steam through separator With hot weak aqua ammonia, it is stored in liquid ammonia storage tank after the condensed device cooling liquid of high pressure ammonia steam, hot weak aqua ammonia is stored in weak aqua ammonia In storage tank;
Can close the first control valve and the 4th control valve under pattern releasing, open third control valve, so that liquefied ammonia from the liquid Ammonia tank bottom flow to supercharging device, and is back to liquid ammonia storage tank after being heated as ammonia steam by the heat source in the supercharging device Top is to be pressurized liquid ammonia storage tank, when the pressure in the liquid ammonia storage tank reaches preset pressure, the second control valve of unlatching, 5th control valve makes high pressure ammonia steam enter expansion work in turbo-expander and engine is driven to generate electricity, the turbine The weary ammonia of expanding machine discharge enters back into absorber after entering evaporator heat absorption expansion, in the absorber with from dilute ammonia The weak aqua ammonia flowed out in water storage tank is mixed to form concentrated ammonia liquor and flows back into concentrated ammonia liquor storage tank, and the ammonia steam is in evaporator interior suction Cold is provided while hot, realizes refrigeration.
9. control method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the concentrated ammonia liquor flowed out out of described absorber passes through molten Liquid heat exchanger carries out hot transmission with the weak aqua ammonia in dilute ammonia branch.
10. control method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the preset pressure is 3MPa.
CN201711116393.2A 2017-11-13 2017-11-13 A kind of energy-storing and power-generating system and its control method Active CN107905864B (en)

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Effective date of registration: 20190401

Address after: 230601 Ziyun Road 299, Jingkai District, Hefei City, Anhui Province

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Patentee after: Power Science Research Institute of Anhui Electric Power Co., Ltd.

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Co-patentee after: Wuhu Power Co., Ltd. Anhui Power Co., Ltd.

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Patentee before: Tsinghua University