CN107905007A - A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture method - Google Patents

A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107905007A
CN107905007A CN201711361272.4A CN201711361272A CN107905007A CN 107905007 A CN107905007 A CN 107905007A CN 201711361272 A CN201711361272 A CN 201711361272A CN 107905007 A CN107905007 A CN 107905007A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
steel wire
wire rope
steel
tensioning
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201711361272.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李伟
何光成
王发芬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guizhou Steel Rope Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Guizhou Steel Rope Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guizhou Steel Rope Co Ltd filed Critical Guizhou Steel Rope Co Ltd
Priority to CN201711361272.4A priority Critical patent/CN107905007A/en
Publication of CN107905007A publication Critical patent/CN107905007A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0693Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a strand configuration
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0673Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration
    • D07B1/068Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration characterised by the strand design
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/0646Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles comprising longitudinally preformed wires
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/066Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the wires being made from special alloy or special steel composition
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/165Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/02Machine details; Auxiliary devices
    • D07B7/027Postforming of ropes or strands
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D07B2201/1044Rope or cable structures twisted characterised by a value or range of the pitch parameter given
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2009Wires or filaments characterised by the materials used
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015Strands
    • D07B2201/2038Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2039Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments three to eight wires or filaments respectively forming a single layer
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015Strands
    • D07B2201/2038Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/204Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments nine or more wires or filaments respectively forming multiple layers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2075Fillers
    • D07B2201/2077Fillers having an anti-corrosive function
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3021Metals
    • D07B2205/3025Steel
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/202Environmental resistance
    • D07B2401/2025Environmental resistance avoiding corrosion
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2055Improving load capacity
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2065Reducing wear

Abstract

A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope, steel wire rope is by 1, center steel wire, first, second layer of each 9 steel wire, the 3rd, the 4th layer of each 18 steel wire, the 5th, each 28 steel wires of layer 6 form, steel wire is selected compared with the 72A of low carbon content or 70 with raw material#Steel wire rod, is handled after steel wire drawing shaping using hot dip zinc aluminum alloy coating, is carried out pre- tensioning stabilization processes after twisting wire rope shaping, is then carried out highly corrosion resistant plastic coating again.Equal with layer steel wire diameter in steel wire rope, steel wire rope uses primary twisting, rather than layering twisting, between steel wire is in line contact condition in steel wire rope, reduces the bending stress of steel wire.Steel wire rope stress elimination is good, improves endurance, the corrosion resistance of steel wire rope, effectively eliminates the relict texture elongation of steel wire rope, improves service life.

Description

A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture method, belong to metal product processing technique field.
Background technology
Space structure is mainly single cord with steel wire rope, due to larger rupture pull force, higher corrosion resistance, compared with High elasticity modulus and good no-revolving performence are widely used to the construction of space truss suspended-cable structure, cycling track umbrella top In the heavy constructions such as canopy, space drag-line stadium steel structure awning, ship anchoring, but existing Wire Rope Production technology still suffers from High carbon content 82B wire rods are used to be produced for raw material in deficiency, mainly Wire Rope Production, the stress of steel wire is big, non-deformability By force, using multi-level during twisting wire rope(By different level)Twisting technology, steel wire cause steel wire rope stress elimination there are bending stress Bad, steel wire rope endurance and corrosion resistance are low, low relaxation poor performance, it is impossible to meet engineering construction needs.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture Method, solves the problems, such as steel wire rope fatigue behaviour low technical, improves service life of steel wire rope.
The steel cord structure of the present invention is 1+9+9+18+18+28+28, by 1, center steel wire, first, second layer each 9 Steel wire, the 3rd, the 4th layer of each 18 steel wire, the 5th, each 28 steel wire primary twistings of layer 6 form, after twisting wire rope shaping Pre- tensioning stabilization processes are carried out, then carry out highly corrosion resistant plastic coating again.Steel wire is equal with layer diameter in steel wire rope, steel wire Rope use primary twisting, rather than layering twisting, between steel wire is in line contact condition in steel wire rope, the bending for reducing steel wire is answered Power.
The present invention includes step is implemented as follows:
(1)The steel wire of the present invention selects the Fine Steel Casting iron gren rod compared with low carbon content with raw material, and grade of steel is 72A or 70#, and It is not to select 82B or 80#Steel wire rod manufactures, and can so reduce the stress of steel wire and the ability of resistance to deformation, steel wire drawing shaping Handled afterwards using hot dip zinc aluminum alloy coating, improve steel wire high-corrosion resistance.
(2)Handled after steel wire drawing shaping using hot dip zinc aluminum alloy coating;
(3)Steel wire rope uses primary twisting moulding process;
(4)Steel wire carries out pre- tensioning stabilization processes after being twisted into rope, and steel wire rope carries out in the production of pre- tensioning stabilization processes Pre- tensioning, pre- tensioning are used and carried out three times, and pre- tensioning for the first time applies 65% that tension force is steel wire rope minimum breaking force, keeps 90 minutes, relaxed state is then slowly offloaded to, and is kept for 6 minutes in this state, it is steel wire that second of pre- tensioning, which applies tension force, The 60% of rope minimum breaking force, is kept for 70 minutes, is then slowly offloaded to relaxed state, and is kept for 5 minutes in this state, the Pre- tensioning application tension force is the 55% of steel wire rope minimum breaking force three times, is kept for 60 minutes, is then slowly offloaded to loose shape State, and kept for 4 minutes in this state, cable wire is after pre- tensioning three times, you can eliminates wire rope structure elongation, it is ensured that its remnants knot Structure elongation≤0.05 ‰;
(5)Steel wire rope is after pre- tensioning stabilization processes, then carries out lonneal stabilization processes, steel wire rope bear its 50% Under the tension force of~60% breaking load, temper is carried out at a temperature of 390 DEG C, residual stress can be effectively eliminated, increases creep resistant Ability, obtains the steel wire rope product of underrelaxation level, it is ensured that steel wire rope looseness rate≤2.0%;
(6)Injection coating treatment is finally carried out to steel wire rope outer layer, injected plastics material uses the highly corrosion resistant with preferable ductility Plastic cement, 2~3mm of coating layer thickness.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:Steel wire rope is due to using the steel making compared with low carbon content, reducing steel wire stress, and have One cold twisting technology, pre- tensioning stabilization processes and coating process technology, the stress elimination of steel wire rope is good, improves steel wire rope Endurance, it is corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting undermine low relaxation performance, effectively eliminate steel wire rope relict texture elongation, improve use Service life.
Brief description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is a kind of fatigue performance steel cord structure schematic diagram of the invention.
In figure:1st, core wire;2nd, 9 steel wires of first layer;3rd, 9 steel wires of the second layer;4th, 18 steel wires of third layer;5、 4th layer of 18 steel wire;6th, 28 steel wires of layer 5;7th, 28 steel wires of layer 6;8th, plastic coating.
Embodiment
A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope of the present invention and its manufacture method are described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing:
The present invention presses attached drawing 1, steel cord structure 1+9+9+18+18+28+28, by core wire 1,9 steel wires 2 of first layer, 9 steel wires 3 of the second layer, 18 steel wires 4 of third layer, the 4th layer of 18 steel wire 5,28 28 steel wires 6 of layer 5, layer 6 steel wires 7 primary twistings are formed, and are carried out pre- tensioning stabilization processes after twisting wire rope shaping, are then carried out highly corrosion resistant plastic coating again 8.Equal with layer steel wire diameter in steel wire rope, steel wire rope uses primary twisting, rather than is layered twisting, is between steel wire in steel wire rope Line contact condition, reduces the bending stress of steel wire.
The steel wire of the present invention selects the Fine Steel Casting iron gren rod compared with low carbon content with raw material, and grade of steel is 72A or 70#, Rather than select 82B or 80#Steel wire rod manufactures, and can so reduce the stress of steel wire and the ability of resistance to deformation, steel wire drawing into Handled after type using hot dip zinc aluminum alloy coating, improve steel wire high-corrosion resistance.
Steel wire of the present invention carries out pre- tensioning stabilization processes after being twisted into rope, and steel wire rope is produced in pre- tensioning stabilization processes Upper to carry out pre- tensioning, pre- tensioning is used and carried out three times, and pre- tensioning for the first time applies tension force as steel wire rope minimum breaking force 65%, kept for 90 minutes, be then slowly offloaded to relaxed state, and kept for 6 minutes in this state, second of pre- tensioning, which applies, opens Power is the 60% of steel wire rope minimum breaking force, is kept for 70 minutes, is then slowly offloaded to relaxed state, and keep 5 in this state Minute, the pre- tensioning of third time applies 55% that tension force is steel wire rope minimum breaking force, is kept for 60 minutes, is then slowly offloaded to Relaxed state, and kept for 4 minutes in this state, cable wire is after pre- tensioning three times, you can eliminates wire rope structure elongation, it is ensured that its Relict texture elongation≤0.05 ‰.
Steel wire rope is after pre- tensioning stabilization processes, then carries out lonneal stabilization processes, steel wire rope bear its 50% Under the tension force of~60% breaking load, temper is carried out at a temperature of 390 DEG C, residual stress can be effectively eliminated, increases creep resistant Ability, obtains the steel wire rope product of underrelaxation level, it is ensured that steel wire rope looseness rate≤2.0%.
Coating process:Injection coating treatment is finally carried out to steel wire rope outer layer, injected plastics material, which uses, has preferable ductility Highly corrosion resistant plastic cement, 2~3mm of coating layer thickness.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope, it is characterized in that:Steel cord structure is 1+9+9+18+18+28+28, by core wire (1), 9 steel wires of first layer(2), 9 steel wires of the second layer(3), 18 steel wires of third layer(4), the 4th layer of 18 steel wire(5), the Five layers of 28 steel wire(6), 28 steel wires of layer 6(7)And plastic coating(8)Form.
A kind of 2. manufacture method of fatigue performance steel wire rope, it is characterized in that including step is implemented as follows:
(1)Steel wire selects the Fine Steel Casting iron gren rod compared with low carbon content with raw material, and grade of steel is 72A or 70#
(2)Handled after steel wire drawing shaping using hot dip zinc aluminum alloy coating;
(3)Steel wire rope uses primary twisting technique;
(4)Steel wire carries out pre- tensioning stabilization processes after being twisted into rope, and steel wire rope carries out in the production of pre- tensioning stabilization processes Pre- tensioning, pre- tensioning are used and carried out three times, and pre- tensioning for the first time applies 65% that tension force is steel wire rope minimum breaking force, keeps 90 minutes, relaxed state is then slowly offloaded to, and is kept for 6 minutes in this state, it is steel wire that second of pre- tensioning, which applies tension force, The 60% of rope minimum breaking force, is kept for 70 minutes, is then slowly offloaded to relaxed state, and is kept for 5 minutes in this state, the Pre- tensioning application tension force is the 55% of steel wire rope minimum breaking force three times, is kept for 60 minutes, is then slowly offloaded to loose shape State, and kept for 4 minutes in this state, cable wire is after pre- tensioning three times, you can eliminates wire rope structure elongation, it is ensured that its remnants knot Structure elongation≤0.05 ‰;
(5)Steel wire rope is after pre- tensioning stabilization processes, then carries out lonneal stabilization processes, steel wire rope bear its 50% Under the tension force of~60% breaking load, temper is carried out at a temperature of 390 DEG C, residual stress can be effectively eliminated, increases creep resistant Ability, obtains the steel wire rope product of underrelaxation level, it is ensured that steel wire rope looseness rate≤2.0%;
(6)Injection coating treatment is finally carried out to steel wire rope outer layer, injected plastics material uses the highly corrosion resistant with preferable ductility Plastic cement, 2~3mm of coating layer thickness.
CN201711361272.4A 2017-12-18 2017-12-18 A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture method Pending CN107905007A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711361272.4A CN107905007A (en) 2017-12-18 2017-12-18 A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711361272.4A CN107905007A (en) 2017-12-18 2017-12-18 A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107905007A true CN107905007A (en) 2018-04-13

Family

ID=61870103

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201711361272.4A Pending CN107905007A (en) 2017-12-18 2017-12-18 A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107905007A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112342805A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-02-09 中钢集团郑州金属制品研究院有限公司 Stainless steel wire rope for high-speed railway contact net and manufacturing method thereof
CN112432856A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-02 青岛鲁普耐特绳网研究院有限公司 Mooring fiber cable with precise mooring length and method for obtaining same
CN113215844A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-08-06 朱淑粉 Manufacturing and processing technology of high-strength galvanized steel strand

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201077925Y (en) * 2007-07-10 2008-06-25 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 Thick diameter and single entwisted steel wire rope
CN201627105U (en) * 2010-01-14 2010-11-10 咸阳宝石钢管钢绳有限公司 Composite structure twisted steel wire rope
CN102021852A (en) * 2010-09-26 2011-04-20 江苏赛福天钢绳有限公司 Steel wire rope for micro-rotation high-bearing crane and making method thereof
CN102587170A (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-07-18 江苏神王集团有限公司 Multi-layer and multi-wire large diameter steel wire rope
CN202577009U (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-12-05 江苏神王集团有限公司 Multilayer multi-wire steel wire rope with large diameter
CN103485220A (en) * 2013-10-15 2014-01-01 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of high-strength wire rope for traction structure
CN104452374A (en) * 2014-12-18 2015-03-25 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 Fatigue-resistant single-stranded steel wire rope
CN105951597A (en) * 2016-07-22 2016-09-21 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 Steel wire rope for suspension bridge sling and manufacturing method thereof

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201077925Y (en) * 2007-07-10 2008-06-25 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 Thick diameter and single entwisted steel wire rope
CN201627105U (en) * 2010-01-14 2010-11-10 咸阳宝石钢管钢绳有限公司 Composite structure twisted steel wire rope
CN102021852A (en) * 2010-09-26 2011-04-20 江苏赛福天钢绳有限公司 Steel wire rope for micro-rotation high-bearing crane and making method thereof
CN102587170A (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-07-18 江苏神王集团有限公司 Multi-layer and multi-wire large diameter steel wire rope
CN202577009U (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-12-05 江苏神王集团有限公司 Multilayer multi-wire steel wire rope with large diameter
CN103485220A (en) * 2013-10-15 2014-01-01 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of high-strength wire rope for traction structure
CN104452374A (en) * 2014-12-18 2015-03-25 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 Fatigue-resistant single-stranded steel wire rope
CN105951597A (en) * 2016-07-22 2016-09-21 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 Steel wire rope for suspension bridge sling and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112342805A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-02-09 中钢集团郑州金属制品研究院有限公司 Stainless steel wire rope for high-speed railway contact net and manufacturing method thereof
CN112432856A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-03-02 青岛鲁普耐特绳网研究院有限公司 Mooring fiber cable with precise mooring length and method for obtaining same
CN113215844A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-08-06 朱淑粉 Manufacturing and processing technology of high-strength galvanized steel strand

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103485220B (en) A kind of manufacture method of high-strength wire rope for traction structure
CN107905007A (en) A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope and its manufacture method
CN106498787B (en) 35W × K7 structure high intensity major diameter producing technique of steel cable
CN108176720A (en) 1 × 7-21.6mm, 1860MPa cable production line techniques
JPH09228274A (en) Steel cord
CN105312341A (en) Production process of high-strength pre-stressed steel strands
CN109853275A (en) A kind of ultra-fine aerospace titanium alloy rope
CN105200832B (en) Super-large-diameter cable type steel wire rope
CN101725060A (en) Method for improving and enhancing fatigue performance of large-size sling cable wires
WO2012055677A2 (en) Open steel cord
CN102493238A (en) Compacted strand steel wire rope for casting rigging
CN201125344Y (en) High strength large specification cable wire hoist cable
US7861507B2 (en) High-strength prestressing strand, method for manufacturing the same, and concrete construction using the same
CN207862676U (en) A kind of fatigue performance steel wire rope
WO2008032829A1 (en) High strength high carbon steel wire and method for manufacture thereof
CN210104412U (en) Sealing steel wire rope with diameter of 200mm for spatial structure
CN204000410U (en) Elevator flat flat pattern steel strip
CN201886814U (en) Special tensile cable
CN202744868U (en) Parallel twisting structured wire rope
CN207862678U (en) A kind of composite construction steel wire rope
CN104452374A (en) Fatigue-resistant single-stranded steel wire rope
RU142850U1 (en) Uninsulated wire
CN204000407U (en) The round steel wire rope of long lay pitch polyurethane
CN208857576U (en) The automotive window lifting stainless steel wirerope of (1+6+6/6) structure
CN104343026B (en) Metal cords and rubber tyre

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20180413