CN107904657A - A kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal - Google Patents

A kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal Download PDF

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CN107904657A
CN107904657A CN201711189841.1A CN201711189841A CN107904657A CN 107904657 A CN107904657 A CN 107904657A CN 201711189841 A CN201711189841 A CN 201711189841A CN 107904657 A CN107904657 A CN 107904657A
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crystal
sic
silicon carbide
growing
temperature
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左洪波
杨鑫宏
李铁
阎哲华
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Harbin Aurora Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Harbin Aurora Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B23/00Single-crystal growth by condensing evaporated or sublimed materials
    • C30B23/002Controlling or regulating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B29/00Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
    • C30B29/10Inorganic compounds or compositions
    • C30B29/36Carbides

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal, it mainly includes the following control stage:Prepared by SiC powder, shove charge vacuumizes, despumation gas, the pressurization that is rapidly heated, decompression constant temperature, crystal growth, finishing phase and annealing.Single-crystal silicon carbide is grown using PVT methods, raw material is pre-processed first, improve the purity and density of raw material, reduce the defects of being likely to occur in crystal, by SiC powder shove charge, by controlling temperature a period of time in the range of 1300 ~ 1400 DEG C with despumation gas, to be rapidly heated after being filled with high-purity argon gas to 2100 ~ 2400 DEG C after vacuumizing.After constant temperature is in a certain value, air pressure is gradually reduced in the case where keeping temperature plateau, powder source starts to sublime up into and starts to grow at seed crystal at this time, and crystal growth carries out finishing phase to a certain extent, it is filled with argon gas and stops the growth that heating terminates SiC crystal, finally completes crystal growth by annealing.The present invention can reduce the defects of crystal and impurity concentration obtains the semi-insulating 4H SiC single crystals of large scale.

Description

A kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal
Technical field
The invention belongs to silicon carbide monocrystal growth field, and in particular to a kind of PVT methods growing large-size semi-insulating silicon carbide The growing method of monocrystalline.
Background technology
As the representative of third generation semiconductor material with wide forbidden band, SiC single crystal has broad-band gap, high heat conductance, high critical hits The advantages that wearing electric field and high electronics saturation migration rate, is particularly suitable for making the microelectronic component of high power density and is operated in Power electronic device under the extreme conditions such as high temperature, high frequency, high pressure, high-power and intense radiation.As silicon carbide-based electronic device is ground That studies carefully reaches its maturity, and large scale, the semi-insulation SiC demand of high quality are increasingly urgent, becomes one of the focus area of SiC researchs.
Physical vapor transport (Physical Vapor Transport-PVT) is large scale SiC more mature at present Crystal technique, i.e., be attached to graphite crucible by SiC chips and cover as seed crystal, equipped with being used as growth raw material in graphite crucible SiC powder, growth temperature controlled between 2100 DEG C to 2400 DEG C, and growth raw material is resolved into after gaseous component in graphite crucible Crystalline growth SiC crystal at seed crystal is transported under the driving of internal axial-temperature gradient.
Making of the semi-insulation SiC material to SiC device has very important meaning.The head of GaN/SiC microwave HEMT devices Select substrate.Domestic high-power GaN/SiC HEMT devices are mostly to mix the semi-insulating 4H- of vanadium using semi-insulation SiC single crystalline substrate at present SiC single crystal, causes device performance to decline or even fail, vanadium can be in microwave device using the back-gate effect for mixing vanadium semi-insulation SiC substrate The defects of back-gate effect is produced in part causes current collapse, and the leakage current under different frequency is discrete and reduces output power.This hair The bright intrinsic defect using SiC single crystal introduces deep energy level compensation shallow level impurity, grows undoped high-purity semi-insulating 4H- SiC single crystal.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of growthing process parameter of optimization SiC single crystal, and then grow high-purity half absolutely Edge 4H-SiC monocrystalline, improves the efficiency, yield rate, the PVT method growing large-size semi-insulating silicon carbides of stability of SiC single crystal growth The growing method of monocrystalline.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:Single-crystal silicon carbide is grown using PVT methods, is included the following steps:SiC powder Prepare, shove charge vacuumizes, despumation gas, the pressurization that is rapidly heated, decompression constant temperature, crystal growth, finishing phase and annealing.It is first First raw material is pre-processed, the purity and density of raw material is improved, reduces the defects of being likely to occur in crystal, by SiC powder After last shove charge, vacuumized through shove charge, despumation gas, be rapidly heated, be depressured constant temperature, crystal growth, finishing phase and annealing Crystal growth is completed etc. technical process.The present invention obtains the semi insulating silicon carbide of high quality by optimizing the technological parameter of crystal growth Silicon single crystal, its technical process are as follows:Raw material is pre-processed, shove charge vacuumize after by controlling temperature at 1300 ~ 1400 DEG C In the range of a period of time with despumation gas, be rapidly heated after being filled with high-purity argon gas to 2100 ~ 2400 DEG C.When constant temperature exists After a certain value, air pressure is gradually reduced in the case where keeping temperature plateau, powder source starts to sublime up into and starts to grow at seed crystal at this time, Crystal growth carries out finishing phase to a certain extent, is filled with argon gas and stops the growth that heating terminates SiC crystal, finally by annealing Complete crystal growth.
The present invention also has this to have some technical characteristics:
(1)The preparation of high-purity alpha-SiC powder:C powder is put into graphite crucible before SiC is synthesized, in 2200 DEG C ~ 2300 DEG C Gao Zhen When the lower sintering 3 of sky is small, to reduce the gaseous impurity adsorbed in C powder and graphite crucible.By C powder and the uniform dispenser of Si particles in crucible It is interior, air pressure is evacuated to 10-3Below Pa, is to slowly warm up to the gaseous impurity adsorbed in 1300 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C discharge raw materials, is filled with height Pure argon to 60000Pa ~ 80000Pa, be warming up to 2100 DEG C-~ 2150 DEG C.Stop heating after keeping the temperature 1h ~ 2h, obtain high-purity alpha-SiC Powder;Raw materials used selection is that Si particles and particle diameter that particle diameter is 8N for 1 ~ 2mm or so purity are that 70 ~ 90um or so purity is The C powder of 9N;The purity range of high-purity argon gas is 99.9990%-99.9996%;
(2)Shove charge, vacuumize:After shove charge, after furnace chamber air pressure is evacuated to 10 ~ 15Pa using mechanical pump, using molecular pump by air pressure It is evacuated to 10-3~10-4Pa;
(3)Despumation gas:1300 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C are to slowly warm up to, vacuum maintains 10 in holding chamber-3~10-4Pa, The main purpose of this step is the foreign gas for excluding to adsorb in graphite crucible and SiC powder;
(4)Be rapidly heated pressurization:After despumation gas, as temperature raises, the equilibrium partial pressure of Si steam gradually increases, and is Suppress the decomposition of SiC seed crystals, high-purity argon gas be filled with before heating, by air pressure in furnace body maintain 60000Pa ~ 80000Pa it Between, it is rapidly heated to 2200 DEG C ~ 2400 DEG C;When the time range being rapidly heated that slowly heats up relatively is 2.5-3.5 small
(5)It is depressured constant temperature:Heating power supply power is adjusted, makes temperature stabilization at 2200 DEG C ~ 2400 DEG C, butterfly valve is opened, to avoid out Existing excessive temperature fluctuation so that constant temperature and pressure reduction are carried out at the same time;The pressure of constant temperature decompression is dropped to by 60000-80000Pa 1000-10000Pa, dip time scope is when 8-12 is small;
(6)Crystal growth:The growing environment of SiC crystal is constant temperature and pressure, and stable gas pressure is at 1000Pa ~ 10000Pa, crucible bottom The temperature in portion is in the range of 2200 DEG C ~ 2400 DEG C, and appropriate to adjust the distance between raw material seed crystal, raw material, which is sublimed up at seed crystal, to be started Growth, grows high quality SiC single crystal;
(7)Finishing phase:High-purity argon gas is filled with into furnace body, stops heating, terminates the growth of SiC single crystal;
(8)Annealing:After completing crystal growth, temperature is persistently filled with argon gas in the range of 2000 DEG C ~ 2100 DEG C, controls in furnace chamber For pressure between 10000Pa ~ 20000Pa, soaking time is 10 ~ 15h, is then slowly dropped to room temperature with 10 ~ 20 DEG C/min After take out carborundum crystals, 2200 DEG C of annealing region arrives room temperature.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
This patent grows high-purity semi-insulating 4H-SiC monocrystalline by optimizing the growthing process parameter of SiC single crystal.
(1)Using high-purity alpha-SiC powder, 1300 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C are to slowly warm up to, vacuum maintains 10 in holding chamber-3~ 10-4Pa, effectively excludes the gaseous impurity adsorbed in raw material and graphite crucible, is conducive to grow high-purity semi-insulating SiC single crystal;
(2)In crystal growing process, by adjusting heating power, vacuum and argon pressure, close thermal field distribution in furnace chamber Reason, beneficial to the SiC single crystal for obtaining large scale, high quality and low defect;
(3)The SiC crystal grown using this technique, is reduced the micropipe density in crystal, the resistivity of crystal greatly improved, It is adapted to make the microelectronic component of high power density and is operated in the extreme bars such as high temperature, high frequency, high pressure, high-power and intense radiation Power electronic device under part.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is growing method flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 prepares schematic diagram for SiC powder;
Fig. 3 grows schematic diagram for SiC crystal.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not used to limit only to explain the present invention The fixed present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, the present embodiment detailed process is as follows:
S1, the preparation of high-purity alpha-SiC powder:C powder 2 is put into graphite crucible 4 before SiC is synthesized, in 2200 DEG C ~ 2300 DEG C Gao Zhen When the lower sintering 3 of sky is small, to reduce the gaseous impurity adsorbed in C powder and graphite crucible.It is alternately uniform by the way of multilayer powdering Dispenser C powder and Si particles 1,10 are evacuated to by air pressure-3~10-4Pa, is to slowly warm up to what is adsorbed in 1300 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C discharge raw materials Gaseous impurity, is filled with high-purity argon gas to 60000Pa ~ 80000Pa, be warming up to 2100 DEG C-~ 2150 DEG C.Stop adding after keeping the temperature 1h ~ 2h Heat, obtains high-purity alpha-SiC powder;Graphite crucible 4 is provided outside heating coil 3;
S2, shove charge, vacuumize:After shove charge, after furnace chamber air pressure is evacuated to 10 ~ 15Pa using mechanical pump, using molecular pump by air pressure It is evacuated to 10-3~10-4Pa。
S3, despumation gas:1200 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C are to slowly warm up to, vacuum maintains 10 in holding chamber-3~10- 4Pa, the main purpose of this step are the foreign gas for excluding to adsorb in graphite crucible and SiC powder;
S4, be rapidly heated pressurization:After being to slowly warm up to 1200 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C holding a period of times, as temperature raises, Si steam Equilibrium partial pressure gradually increase, in order to suppress the decomposition of SiC seed crystals 5, high-purity argon gas is filled with before heating, air pressure in furnace body is tieed up Hold between 60000Pa ~ 80000Pa, be rapidly heated to 2200 DEG C ~ 2400 DEG C;
S5, is depressured constant temperature:Heating power supply power is adjusted, makes temperature stabilization at 2200 DEG C ~ 2400 DEG C, opens butterfly valve so that reduction of speed Constant temperature and pressure reduction are carried out at the same time;
S6, crystal growth:The growing environment of SiC crystal is constant temperature and pressure, and stable gas pressure is in 1000Pa ~ 10000Pa, crucible bottom Temperature in the range of 2200 DEG C ~ 2400 DEG C, it is appropriate to adjust the distance between raw material seed crystal, grow high quality SiC single crystal;
S7, finishing phase:High-purity argon gas is filled with into furnace body, stops heating, terminates the growth of SiC single crystal;
S8, annealing:After completing crystal growth, temperature is persistently filled with argon gas in the range of 2000 DEG C ~ 2100 DEG C, controls in furnace chamber Pressure is between 10000Pa ~ 20000Pa, and soaking time is 10 ~ 15h, after being then slowly dropped to room temperature with 10 ~ 20 DEG C/min Take out carborundum crystals 6.
Above content is to combine the further description that specific preferred embodiment is the present invention, it is impossible to is assert The specific implementation of the present invention is only limited to these explanations., can be with for the personnel with fields rudimentary knowledge of the present invention It is easy to make a change of the present invention and modification, these change and modification should all be considered as belonging to the right that the present invention is submitted will Seek the scope of patent protection that book determines.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal, it is characterised in that it includes the following steps: SiC powder prepare, shove charge vacuumize, despumation gas, the pressurization that is rapidly heated, decompression constant temperature, crystal growth, finishing phase and Annealing, raw material is pre-processed first, shove charge vacuumize after by control temperature in the range of 1300 ~ 1400 DEG C a period of time With despumation gas, it is rapidly heated after being filled with high-purity argon gas to 2100 ~ 2400 DEG C;Temperature plateau is being kept after constant temperature In the case of gradually reduce air pressure, at this time powder source start to sublime up into and start to grow at seed crystal, crystal growth carries out to a certain extent Finishing phase, is filled with argon gas and stops the growth that heating terminates SiC crystal, finally complete crystal growth by annealing.
2. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal according to claim 1, its feature Being the preparation process of the SiC powder includes:C powder is put into graphite crucible before SiC is synthesized, 2200 DEG C ~ 2300 When sintering 3 is small under DEG C high vacuum, to reduce the gaseous impurity adsorbed in C powder and graphite crucible;By C powder and the uniform dispenser of Si particles In crucible, air pressure is evacuated to 10-3Below Pa, is to slowly warm up to the gaseous impurity adsorbed in 1300 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C discharge raw materials, High-purity argon gas is filled with to 60000Pa ~ 80000Pa, be warming up to 2100 DEG C-~ 2150 DEG C;Stop heating after keeping the temperature 1h ~ 2h, obtain high Pure SiC powder.
3. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal according to claim 2, its feature What C powder and Si particles described in being were selected is that the Si particles and particle diameter that particle diameter is 8N for 1 ~ 2mm or so purity are 70 ~ 90um left sides Right purity is the C powder of 9N;The purity range of high-purity argon gas is 99.9990%-99.9996%.
4. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal according to claim 3, its feature It is that the shove charge vacuum step includes:After shove charge, after furnace chamber air pressure is evacuated to 10 ~ 15Pa using mechanical pump, using point Air pressure is evacuated to 10 by son pump-3~10-4Pa。
5. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal according to claim 4, its feature It is that the despumation gas step includes:1300 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C are to slowly warm up to, vacuum maintains in holding chamber 10-3~10-4Pa, the main purpose of this step are the foreign gas for excluding to adsorb in graphite crucible and SiC powder.
6. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal according to claim 5, its feature It is that the pressurization steps that are rapidly heated include:After despumation gas, as temperature raises, the equilibrium partial pressure of Si steam by It is cumulative big, in order to suppress the decomposition of SiC seed crystals, high-purity argon gas is filled with before heating, by air pressure in furnace body maintain 60000Pa ~ Between 80000Pa, it is rapidly heated to 2200 DEG C ~ 2400 DEG C;The time range being rapidly heated that slowly heats up relatively is small for 2.5-3.5 When.
7. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal according to claim 6, its feature It is that the decompression constant temperature step includes:Heating power supply power is adjusted, makes temperature stabilization at 2200 DEG C ~ 2400 DEG C, opens butterfly Valve, to avoid the occurrence of excessive temperature fluctuation so that constant temperature and pressure reduction are carried out at the same time;The pressure of constant temperature decompression is by 60000- 80000Pa drops to 1000-10000Pa, and dip time scope is when 8-12 is small.
8. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal according to claim 7, its feature It is that the crystal growth step includes:The growing environment of SiC crystal is constant temperature and pressure, stable gas pressure 1000Pa ~ 10000Pa, the temperature of crucible bottom are appropriate to adjust the distance between raw material seed crystal, raw material liter in the range of 2200 DEG C ~ 2400 DEG C Start to grow at China to seed crystal, grow high quality SiC single crystal.
9. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal according to claim 8, its feature It is that the finishing phase step includes:High-purity argon gas is filled with into furnace body, stops heating, terminates the growth of SiC single crystal.
10. a kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal according to claim 9, it is special Sign is that the annealing steps include:After completing crystal growth, temperature is persistently filled with argon in the range of 2000 DEG C ~ 2100 DEG C Gas, control stove cavity pressure is between 10000Pa ~ 20000Pa, and soaking time is 10 ~ 15h, then with 10 ~ 20 DEG C/min Carborundum crystals are taken out after being slowly dropped to room temperature, 2200 DEG C of annealing region arrives room temperature.
CN201711189841.1A 2017-11-24 2017-11-24 A kind of growing method of PVT methods growing large-size Semi-insulating silicon carbide mono-crystal Pending CN107904657A (en)

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CN109913944A (en) * 2019-02-11 2019-06-21 张家港迪源电子科技有限公司 A method of electronic device substrate is prepared using PVT method
CN110592672A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-12-20 北京天科合达半导体股份有限公司 Low basal plane dislocation density silicon carbide crystal growth method
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CN114016135A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-02-08 哈尔滨科友半导体产业装备与技术研究院有限公司 Resistance type square silicon carbide single crystal growth process
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WO2021244052A1 (en) * 2020-06-05 2021-12-09 北京世纪金光半导体有限公司 High-thickness and low-defect six-inch silicon carbide crystal growth method satisfying industrialization production
CN113151895A (en) * 2020-06-09 2021-07-23 北京世纪金光半导体有限公司 Large-diameter high-purity semi-insulating silicon carbide growth process
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CN112694090B (en) * 2020-12-18 2022-11-29 北京汇琨新材料有限公司 Improved silicon carbide raw material synthesis method
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CN114277442A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-04-05 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 Low dislocation density silicon carbide single crystal growth method
CN114277442B (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-05-17 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 Low dislocation density silicon carbide single crystal growth method
WO2023184889A1 (en) * 2022-03-29 2023-10-05 中电化合物半导体有限公司 Silicon carbide crystal growth method and growth device
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CN114836834A (en) * 2022-07-04 2022-08-02 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 Device and method for continuously growing single crystal silicon carbide by PVT (physical vapor transport) method
CN114836834B (en) * 2022-07-04 2022-11-22 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 Device and method for continuously growing single crystal silicon carbide by PVT (physical vapor transport) method
CN117342560A (en) * 2023-12-06 2024-01-05 通威微电子有限公司 Method and equipment for synthesizing silicon carbide powder
CN117342560B (en) * 2023-12-06 2024-02-27 通威微电子有限公司 Silicon carbide powder synthesis method
CN117385467A (en) * 2023-12-12 2024-01-12 乾晶半导体(衢州)有限公司 Method for preparing silicon carbide crystal and silicon carbide crystal
CN117385467B (en) * 2023-12-12 2024-02-13 乾晶半导体(衢州)有限公司 Method for preparing silicon carbide crystal and silicon carbide crystal

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Application publication date: 20180413