CN107903377A - Solvent-free sulfonate aqueous polyurethane dispersion of continous way and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Solvent-free sulfonate aqueous polyurethane dispersion of continous way and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107903377A
CN107903377A CN201711049518.4A CN201711049518A CN107903377A CN 107903377 A CN107903377 A CN 107903377A CN 201711049518 A CN201711049518 A CN 201711049518A CN 107903377 A CN107903377 A CN 107903377A
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Prior art keywords
glycol
aqueous polyurethane
polyurethane dispersion
alcohol
solvent
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CN201711049518.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
盛兴丰
崔燕军
朱彦
潘利军
唐劲松
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Shanghai Huafon New Material Research & Development Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Huafon New Material Research & Development Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711049518.4A priority Critical patent/CN107903377A/en
Publication of CN107903377A publication Critical patent/CN107903377A/en
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  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses solvent-free sulfonate aqueous polyurethane dispersion of a kind of continous way and preparation method thereof, preparation method includes the following steps：(1) by polymer diatomic alcohol, diisocyanate, small molecule dihydric alcohol, two terminal hydroxy group Y-shaped pendant hydrophilic chain extender of low melting point and catalyst, preheating, is input in double-screw reactor and reacts, and obtains polyurethane melt；The polymer diatomic alcohol is dihydric alcohol containing sulfonate groups, the one or more in polyether Glycols, polyester diol, polycarbonate glycol；(2) it is injected into shear pump, while water or water with neutralizer is injected into shear pump, shearing is scattered；(3) decrease temperature and pressure, rear chain extender is added when needing, stirring reaction, you can the shortcomings that obtaining solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, aqueous polyurethane dispersion technique and the water-based technique of traditional acetone prepolymer method harsh to ingredient requirement are prepared the present invention overcomes existing twin-screw.

Description

Solvent-free sulfonate aqueous polyurethane dispersion of continous way and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production method of sulfonate aqueous polyurethane dispersion.
Background technology
Aqueous polyurethane dispersion is using water as decentralized medium, and only water is volatized into air in use, to ring Border has no adverse effects.It is nontoxic make it that aqueous polyurethane dispersion also has as decentralized medium using water at the same time, it is tasteless, it is non-ignitable, The characteristics of not quick-fried safe.Aqueous polyurethane dispersion is as a kind of Environmentally-friepolymer polymer material using extremely wide, replacement oil Property polyurethane resin is also trend of the times, at present widespread adoption in every field such as synthetic leather, adhesive, building coatings.
Aqueous polyurethane from the end of the sixties in last century industrialize since develop it is extremely rapid, but its production technology or between Method of having a rest and semi-continuous process, all refer to pre-polymerization in reaction kettle.The problem of maximum during pre-polymerization is that reaction kettle is generally difficult to handle height Viscous systems, therefore pre- collecting process usually requires addition organic solvent reduction polymerization system viscosity or the molecular weight by prepolymer It is controlled in extremely low level.After prepolymerization reaction, material is transferred to Scattered Kettle and is neutralized and is disperseed, then is carried out in precipitation kettle Except solvent.Aqueous polyurethane dispersion prepared by this kind of technique often occurs or molecular weight is low, poor performance, batch are unstable It is fixed, or the substantial amounts of solvent participation of production process needs, and cannot still participate in polymerizeing after the simple recovery purifying of these solvents Journey, causes manufacture cost to greatly increase, while while emulsifying is very high to equipment requirement, inefficiency is mass produced, generally from throwing When expecting that discharging needs 12-16 small.
A kind of new aqueous polyurethane preparation process have developed to this many industry pioneer, i.e., from aggressiveness method work Skill, also known as " pellet method " technique.Its core thinking prepares polyurethane from interpolymer particles with double-screw reactor, then should be from poly- Body removes solvent after dissolving in a solvent, obtains large arch dam aqueous polyurethane dispersion.Since the process uses solvent-free participation Bulk technique and reactionless participation emulsifying process, therefore the molecular weight of dispersion can be greatly improved to be lifted and stablized Performance, but realize solvent be not required to purifying it is i.e. recyclable, greatly reduce the production cost of water-borne dispersions.Both at home and abroad There is substantial amounts of worker once or still carry out substantial amounts of research work in this respect now.
Patent CN 102336881A are disclosed with polyester polyol, diisocyanate, small molecule chain extender and hydrophilic list Body, has also prepared aqueous polyurethane using double screw extruder or casting machine and has been used for Aqueous Polyurethane Adhesives from aggressiveness, and Achieve good effect；Patent CN 102633971A carried out simple pre-polymerization in advance before raw material enters double-screw reactor Or DMPA is dissolved with pyrrolidones (NMP), to realize the accurate measurement of DMPA, high temperature and pressure emulsifying technology was produced with reducing The usage amount of solvent in journey, substantially increases the production efficiency of aqueous polyurethane and reduces environmental pollution, but and unresolved few Measure operation difficult problem caused by the prepolymer viscosity transient rise under solvent.
Patent CN103382253B substitutes DMPA with glycerine list maleic anhydride ester and glycerine monobutane diacid ester, to realize parent Dissolving of the water chain extender in small molecule dihydric alcohol, to realize its accurate measurement, so as to smoothly stably prepare aqueous poly- ammonia After ester disperses from aggressiveness, then in acetone in dissolving, triethylamine neutralization, water, aqueous polyurethane of the acetone up to 30-60% is removed Dispersion, and the technique is particularly suitable for preparing MDI base high-performance aqueous polyurethane dispersion, can be widely applied to water-based poly- ammonia The fields such as Lipase absobed leather, adhesive.
The above work employs twin screw techniques to prepare polyurethane melt, successively dissolving, into salt, scattered, de- The technique such as molten prepares aqueous polyurethane dispersion, and solvent is not purified to reuse.
These above-mentioned techniques solve the simple recycling of the defects of aqueous polyurethane dispersion molecular weight is less than normal and solvent, but Be without reference to how by urea groups structural response into polyurethane, and can not still be broken away to solvent in scattered, emulsion process Dependence, can not really prepare not only environmental protection but also have an aqueous polyurethane dispersion of high-performance, high added value.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion of a kind of continous way and its preparation method and application, To overcome defect existing in the prior art.
The method of the present invention, includes the following steps：
(1) by polymer diatomic alcohol, diisocyanate, small molecule dihydric alcohol, two terminal hydroxy group Y-shaped pendant hydrophilic of low melting point Chain extender and catalyst, are preheated to 60-100 DEG C respectively, after being then input to mixer disperses mixing, are input to twin-screw reaction Reacted in device, acquisition number-average molecular weight is 30000-200000 polyurethane melts；
The structurally and operationally parameter of the double-screw reactor, it is desirable to which material can axially and radially having very in screw rod Big shearing divergent function, is overcome measurement deviation on the different time caused by measuring equipment pulse, and inventor has found, Using 16≤L/D≤56, the double screw extruder of more than rotating speed 200-300rpm, can get a desired effect；
Wherein：L represents spiro rod length, and D represents screw diameter；
In the double-screw reactor, reaction temperature is divided into 7 sections, and first segment is 80-150 DEG C, second segment 100-160 DEG C, the 3rd section is 130-170 DEG C, and the 4th section is 140-180 DEG C, and the 5th section is 150-190 DEG C, and the 6th section is 150-200 DEG C, the Seven sections are 205-230 DEG C, and residence time of the material in twin-screw is 0.5-3min；
The polymer diatomic alcohol is dihydric alcohol containing sulfonate groups, polyether Glycols, polyester diol, makrolon One or more mixtures in dihydric alcohol；
The dihydric alcohol containing sulfonate groups, refers to polyester or polyethers containing 2 terminal hydroxy groups and containing sulfonate groups Oligomer, molecular weight between 500-10000, include but not limited to：Polyadipate -5-sodium sulfo isophthalate-oneself two Alcohol esterdiol, according to adipic acid-5-sodium sulfo isophthalate-pentadiol ester glycol, polyadipate-succinic acid 2-sodium sulfonate- Hexylene glycol esterdiol, hydroxyl sulfoacid sodium are the polypropylene oxide of initiator or the oligomer of ethane, and aminopropanesulfonic acid sodium is starting One or more mixtures of the polypropylene oxide of agent or the oligomer of ethane etc.；
The polyether Glycols use 2 terminal hydroxy groups, and number-average molecular weight is the various structural polyether oligomerisations of 200-10000 Thing, including be not limited to：PolyTHF dihydric alcohol (PTMEG), Polyoxypropylene diol (PPG), polyoxyethylene glycol (PEG) and polypropylene oxide ethylene oxide copolymerization dihydric alcohol (PEPG) one or more mixtures, mixed proportion is unlimited；
The polyester diol is to contain 2 oligomers of the terminal hydroxy group containing polyester construction, range of number-average molecular weight 200- 10000, including be not limited to：Polyadipate -1,4- butyl glycol ester diols (PBA), polyethylene glycol adipate glycol (PEA), gather Adipic acid propylene glycol ester glycol (PPA), polyadipate -1,6-HD esterdiol (PHA), polyneopentyl glycol adipate glycol (PNA), polyadipate ethylene glycol butyl glycol ester diol (PEBA), polyadipate ethylene glycol propylene glycol ester glycol (PEPA), gather oneself Diacid hexylene glycol neopentyl glycol esterdiol (PHNA), polybutyleneadipate hexylene glycol esterdiol (PBHA), polyadipate fourth two Alcohol neopentyl glycol esterdiol (PBNA), the one or more mixing for gathering own Inner esterdiols, mixed proportion are unlimited；
The polycarbonate glycol uses the oligomer containing 2 terminal hydroxy group carbonate-containing structures, number-average molecular weight Scope is 200-10000, is exchanged and synthesized with binary alcohol esters by carbonic diester, including is not limited to：Poly- carbonic acid hexylene glycol esterdiol, gathers One or more mixtures of neopentyl glycol carbonate esterdiol, polytetramethylene carbonate diol glycol, poly (propylene carbonate) glycol etc.；
The diisocyanate be selected from 4,4- '-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (MDI), toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI), Tolylene diisocyanate (XDI), 1,5- how diisocyanate (NDI), paraphenylene diisocyanate (PPDI), hexa-methylene two One in isocyanates (HDI), different Buddhist diisocyanates (IPDI), hydrogenation 4,4- '-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (HMDI) The mixture of kind or any combination；
The small molecule dihydric alcohol is selected from ethylene glycol, 1,2- propane diols, 1,3- propane diols, 1,4- butanediols, 1,3- fourths Glycol, 1,5- pentanediols, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-HD, 1,8- ethohexadiols, hydroquinone hydroxyethyl ether (HQEE), cyclohexyl diformazan Alcohol, 2- methyl isophthalic acids, one or more kinds of mixtures in ammediol, mixed proportion are unlimited；
The two terminal hydroxy group Y-shaped pendant hydrophilic chain extender of low melting point be selected from dimethylolpropionic acid, dihydromethyl propionic acid, A kind of or mixture, mixing ratio in Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dihydroxy butane -2- sodium sulfonates, N, N- bis- (2- ethoxys) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid sodium Example is unlimited；
The catalyst is stannous octoate, dibutyl tin laurate, zinc Isoocatanoate, in isooctyl acid bismuth it is a kind of with On；
(2) by the polyurethane melt of acquisition, it is continuously injected into shear pump, while water or water with neutralizer is injected Shear pump, and disperse in 120-200 DEG C of high temperature and 0.2-1.5Mpa down cuts, obtain aqueous polyurethane dispersion；
The neutralizer is triethylamine, the one or more in dimethylethanolamine, methyl diethanolamine, triethanolamine Mixture；
(3) by step (2) obtained by product, be cooled to 30-50 DEG C, and be depressured, be sent into the storage tank with stirring, it is necessary to When add rear chain extender, 5~15min of stirring reaction, you can obtain the solvent-free water-based poly- ammonia that mass content is 30-50% Ester dispersion；
The rear chain extender is selected from second diaminourea ethyl sulfonic acid sodium, one or more mixing in second diaminourea propanesulfonate Thing；
The solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, includes the component of following mass percent：
Preferably, the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, includes the component of following mass percent：
The above-mentioned aqueous polyurethane dispersion viscosity prepared based on combined type double screw reactor is in 100-2000mpas (20 DEG C), preferably 200-1000mpas (20 DEG C).
The molecular weight of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion is between 30,000-200,000, to meet institute in practical application The high anti-tensile requirement of high molecular weight, big cohesive energy, low modulus needed；
Aqueous polyurethane dispersion obtained by this method, can be widely applied to synthetic leather, adhesive, coating, fabric and applies The every field such as layer, finishing agent, as synthetic leather resin, can be applied to base fabric bottom material resin, surface layer resin, tie layer resins, The fields such as intermediate layer resin, foaming layer resin.
The present invention is a kind of continous way that aqueous polyurethane dispersion is prepared based on double-screw reactor and shear at high temperature pump Each raw material of solvent-free production process, i.e. aqueous polyurethane dispersion is realized in double-screw reactor in the short time aggregates into high score The polymer melt of son amount, during which carries out in the shear pump of high temperature and pressure and and dispersion and emulsion, then after cooling decompression Into aqueous polyurethane dispersion.The technology utilization twin-screw technique realizes the high molecular weight of aqueous polyurethane, high cohesion energy and height Performance, and the hydrogen bond of polyurethane is dissociated using high temperature make to slide between strand to substitute traditional solvolysis hydrogen bond Move, recycle high speed shear pump can be in very short time internal emulsification, so that urea groups is contour instead of high speed dispersor emulsifying process The advantages that cohesive energy group can be implanted into aqueous polyurethane molecular structure by rear chain extension technique, realize high cohesion energy and heat resistance. The technique realizes serialization, high performance and the solvent free of aqueous polyurethane dispersion preparation in a word, greatly promotes water-based The performance and production efficiency of polyurethane, realize the perfect unity of aqueous polyurethane high-performance and low cost.
Compared with existing twin-screw prepares aqueous polyurethane dispersion technique and the water-based technique of traditional acetone prepolymer method, this Technique can realize following technique effect：
What twin-screw and high speed shear pump can solve high viscosity aqueous polyurethane melt the technique hardly possible such as synthesizes, disperses, emulsify Topic, process are participated in without solvent, really realize the pure green environmental requirement of aqueous polyurethane；Production process is efficient, from being dosed into Output only needs 30-60min, and can realize full continuous automatic production requirement；The raw material range selected in the present invention is very wide, energy Raw material for TPU productions can use substantially, overcome existing twin-screw and prepare aqueous polyurethane dispersion technique and biography The shortcomings that water-based technique of acetone prepolymer method of uniting is harsh to ingredient requirement；The combining form of raw material is changeable, only needs before reactions It is subject to rising temperature for dissolving mixing, can be according to the composition and proportioning that need neatly feed change of product.
Embodiment
By specific examples below, the present invention is described in detail, but the scope that the present invention is protected is not limited to this A little embodiments, further include formula adjustment and the process modifications of the non-intrinsically safe done according to the content of the invention.
Pass through the basic performance of dispersions of polyurethanes in the following test method characterization present invention：
The measure of solid content：Weighed up with electronic balance and show that the quality of clean surface plate is M1；2-3g lotions are taken to be placed in Its quality is referred to as M in surface plate2；Surface plate quality is weighed after when placement 1 is small in 120 DEG C of convection ovens, continues to be put into baking oven, Until alleged constant mass writes down M3.
Solid content：C=(M3-M1)/(M2-M1) × 100%
Tensile strength：Refer to the stress that material produces maximum uniform plastic deformation.In tension test, sample is until be fractured into Only suffered maximum tensile stress is tensile strength, can be calculated by maximum load divided by specimen cross section product.
The measure of tensile strength：Dispersions of polyurethanes in the present invention is uniformly coated in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pallet, After room temperature dries film forming, the dry 1hr in 120 DEG C of convection ovens, then after 50 DEG C of baking ovens place 8hr, then in test environment After placing 24hr, its tensile strength is tested with the rate of extension of 100mm/min.
Elongation at break：Refer to shift value of the sample in tension failure and former long ratio, as a percentage (%).
100% modulus：Refer to tensile strength when elongation is 100%.
Embodiment 1
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) polytetrahydrofuran diol (Mn=2000), dimethylolpropionic acid, 2- methyl-1,3-propanediols are mixed to 80 DEG C, octoate catalyst stannous is added, 4,4- '-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (MDI) are warming up to 80 DEG C, both of the above passes through respectively Gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, by mixing head inject rotating speed for 250rpm, L/D=45, temperature be respectively 120 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 215 DEG C of double-screw reactor, residence time 0.5min；
(2) be 150 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 150 DEG C, Pressure is also injected into shear pump for 0.5Mpa deionized waters, shears 4min；
(3) after heat exchanger is cooled to 30 DEG C, is depressured normal pressure, it is collected into stainless steel storage tank, is stirred after collecting completely 5min, you can obtain the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, solid content 30.0%wt.Product characters are observed, are not had It was found that there is undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is homogeneous, after which stands one month, does not sink Form sediment.
Embodiment 2
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by polyoxyethylene glycol (Mn=500), polyadipate -1,4- butyl glycol ester diols (Mn=4000), two Hydroxymethyl propionic acid, 1,4-butanediol are mixed to 90 DEG C, add octoate catalyst stannous, and toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI) is warming up to 90 DEG C, both of the above through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, injects rotating speed for 250rpm, L/D=50, temperature by mixing head respectively Respectively 120 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 215 DEG C of double-screw reactor, residence time 2min；
(2) be 120 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 120 DEG C, Pressure is injected in shear pump for 0.2Mpa deionized waters, high speed shear 5min；
(3) 50 DEG C are cooled to through heat exchanger, are depressurized to normal pressure and are collected into stainless steel storage tank, collect it is full after, stirring 10min, you can obtain the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, solid content 34.5%wt.Product characters are observed, are not had It was found that there is undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is homogeneous, after which stands one month, does not sink Form sediment.
Embodiment 3
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by polyadipate -1,4- butyl glycol ester diols (Mn=1000), 1,4- dihydroxy butane -2- sodium sulfonates, 1,4- Butanediol is mixed to 100 DEG C, adds catalyst dibutyltin dilaurylate, hydrogenation 4,4- '-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (HMDI) 100 DEG C are warming up to, for both of the above respectively through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, it is 250rpm, L/D=to inject rotating speed by mixing head 30th, temperature is respectively 120 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 215 DEG C of double-screw reactor, the residence time For 1min；
(2) be 200 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 200 DEG C, Pressure is that the deionized water of 1.5Mpa is also injected into shear pump, high speed shear 3min；
(3) 30 DEG C are cooled to through heat exchanger, are depressurized to normal pressure and are collected into stainless steel storage tank, collect it is full after stir 5min, you can obtain the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, solid content 50.0%wt.Product characters are observed, are not had It was found that there is undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is homogeneous, after which stands one month, does not sink Form sediment.
Embodiment 4
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by polypropylene oxide ethylene oxide copolymerization dihydric alcohol (Mn=2000), polytetrahydrofuran diol (Mn=2000), Dihydromethyl propionic acid, 1,3-BDO are mixed to 60 DEG C, add catalyst zinc Isoocatanoate, molar ratio 1:1 4,4- hexichol first Alkane diisocyanate (MDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) are warming up to 60 DEG C, and both of the above is respectively through metering gear Pump and flowmeter, by mixing head inject rotating speed for 200rpm, L/D=56, temperature be respectively 80 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 215 DEG C of double-screw reactor, residence time 2.5min；
(2) be 180 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 180 DEG C, Pressure is 1.3Mpa deionized waters also with 238kg/h flow shear pumps, high speed shear 3min；
(3) 40 DEG C are cooled to through heat exchanger, are depressurized to normal pressure and are collected into stainless steel storage tank, collect it is full after stir 5min, you can obtain the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, solid content 38.7%wt.Product characters are observed, are not had It was found that there is undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is homogeneous, after which stands one month, does not sink Form sediment.
Embodiment 5
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by polyadipate -1,6-HD esterdiol (Mn=3000), polyadipate-M-phthalic acid -5- sulfonic acid Sodium-hexylene glycol esterdiol (Mn=1000, sodium sulfonate group mass contg 5.6%), ethylene glycol are mixed to 80 DEG C, add octoate catalyst Stannous, toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI) are warming up to 80 DEG C, and both of the above through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, passes through mixing respectively Head injection rotating speed for 300rpm, L/D=16, temperature is respectively 130 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 205 DEG C double-screw reactor, residence time 3min；
(2) be 120 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 120 DEG C, The deionized water that pressure is 0.2Mpa after high speed shear 5min through heat exchanger also in 220kg/h flow shear pumps, to be cooled to 40 DEG C, be depressurized to normal pressure and be collected into stainless steel storage tank, collect it is full after stir 10min, you can obtain described solvent-free water-based Dispersions of polyurethanes, solid content 35.3%wt.Product characters are observed, have not found undissolved White Flocculus, lotion Stable uniform, after which stands one month, is not precipitated.
Embodiment 6
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by polyadipate -1,4- butyl glycol ester diols (Mn=500), dihydromethyl propionic acid, 1,4- butanediols mix to 100 DEG C, add octoate catalyst stannous, molar ratio 1:2 isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and hydrogenation 4,4- hexichol Methane diisocyanate (HMDI) is warming up to 100 DEG C, and both of the above through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, is noted by mixing head respectively It is respectively 100 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 230 DEG C to enter rotating speed for 250rpm, L/D=50, temperature Double-screw reactor, reacts 3min；
(2) be 100 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 100 DEG C, Pressure is 0.2Mpa, concentration is in 1.7%wt triethylamine aqueous solutions injection shear pump, shears 5min；
(3) through heat exchanger be cooled to 50 DEG C, decompression be pooled in stainless steel storage tank, while weight concentration be 50% second Diaminourea ethyl sulfonic acid sodium water solution is also added in collecting tank, stirs 15min, you can obtains the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane Dispersion, solid content 35.3%wt.Product characters are observed, have not found undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is equal One, after which stands one month, do not precipitate.
Embodiment 7
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by polytetramethylene carbonate diol glycol (Mn=500), Polyoxypropylene diol (Mn=10000), dihydroxymethyl Propionic acid, 1,6- hexylene glycols are mixed to 100 DEG C, add catalyst isooctyl acid bismuth, and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) is warming up to 100 DEG C, both of the above through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, injects rotating speed for 250rpm, L/D=30, temperature by mixing head respectively Degree is respectively 100 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 230 DEG C of double-screw reactor, reacts 1.5min；
(2) be 150 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 150 DEG C, Pressure is 0.5Mpa deionized waters also in 185kg/h flow shear pumps, 30 are cooled to through heat exchanger after high speed shear 4min DEG C, be depressurized to normal pressure and be collected into stainless steel storage tank, collect it is full after stir 5min, you can obtain the solvent-free water-based poly- ammonia Ester dispersion, solid content 39.3%wt.Product characters are observed, have not found undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing It is homogeneous, after which stands one month, do not precipitate.
Embodiment 8
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) polyadipate -1,4- butyl glycol ester diols (Mn=2000), dimethylolpropionic acid, 1,4- butanediols are mixed To 100 DEG C, octoate catalyst stannous is added, hydrogenation 4,4- '-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (HMDI) are warming up to 100 DEG C, the above two For person respectively through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, it is respectively 120 to inject rotating speed by mixing head for 250rpm, L/D=45, temperature DEG C, 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 215 DEG C of double-screw reactor, react 3min；
(2) it is by 100 DEG C, rotating speed of the flow implantation temperature of 100kg/h through smelt gear pump in 1000rpm shear pumps, While temperature is 100 DEG C, pressure 0.2Mpa, concentration are that 2.3%wt methyl diethanolamine aqueous solutions are also injected into shear pump, is cut Cut 5min；
(3) through heat exchanger be cooled to 50 DEG C, decompression be pooled in stainless steel storage tank, while weight concentration be 50% second Diaminourea ethyl sulfonic acid sodium water solution is added in collecting tank, stirs 30min, you can obtains the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane point Granular media, solid content 41.5%wt.Product characters to be observed, have not found undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is homogeneous, After the aqueous polyurethane dispersion stands one month, do not precipitate.
Embodiment 9
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by poly- neopentyl glycol carbonate esterdiol (Mn=4000), PolyTHF dihydric alcohol (Mn=2000), dihydroxymethyl Propionic acid, 1,4-butanediol are mixed to 120 DEG C, add catalyst isooctyl acid bismuth, molar ratio 3:2 hydrogenation 4,4- diphenyl-methanes two Isocyanates (HMDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) are warming up to 120 DEG C, both of the above respectively through gear wheel metering pump and Flowmeter, by mixing head inject rotating speed for 300rpm, L/D=30, temperature be respectively 130 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 205 DEG C of double-screw reactor, residence time 2.5min；
(2) be 150 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 150 DEG C, Pressure is also injected into shear pump for 0.5Mpa deionized waters, is cooled to 30 DEG C through heat exchanger after shearing 4min, is depressurized to normal pressure It is collected into stainless steel storage tank, 10min is stirred after collecting completely, you can the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion is obtained, Gu Content is 30.6%wt.Product characters are observed, have not found undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is homogeneous, this is water-based After dispersions of polyurethanes stands one month, do not precipitate.
Embodiment 10
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by polytetrahydrofuran polyol (Mn=3000), N, N- bis- (2- ethoxys) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid sodium, second two Alcohol is mixed to 100 DEG C, adds catalyst dibutyltin dilaurylate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) is warming up to 100 DEG C, Both of the above through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, is injected rotating speed by mixing head and is distinguished for 300rpm, L/D=20, temperature respectively For 130 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 205 DEG C of double-screw reactor, residence time 2min；
(2) be 200 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 200 DEG C, Pressure is that the deionized water of 1.5Mpa is also injected into shear pump, high speed shear 3min；
(3) 30 DEG C are cooled to through heat exchanger, are depressurized to normal pressure and are collected into stainless steel storage tank, collect it is full after stir 10min, you can obtain the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, solid content 44.4%wt.Product characters are observed, are not had It was found that there is undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is homogeneous, after which stands one month, does not sink Form sediment.
Embodiment 11
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by polycaprolactone glycol (Mn=2000), polyadipate -5-sodium sulfo isophthalate-hexylene glycol esterdiol (Mn=500, sodium sulfonate group mass contg 5.6%), 1,4-butanediol are mixed to 110 DEG C, addition catalyst zinc Isoocatanoate, and 4,4- bis- Phenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) is warming up to 110 DEG C, and both of the above through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, passes through mixing head respectively Injection rotating speed is 300rpm, L/D=16, temperature is respectively 130 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 205 DEG C Double-screw reactor, residence time 3min；
(2) be 180 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 180 DEG C, The deionized water that pressure is 1.3Mpa is injected in shear pump, high speed shear 3min；
(3) 40 DEG C are cooled to through heat exchanger, are depressurized to normal pressure and are collected into stainless steel storage tank, collect it is full after stir 5min, you can obtain the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, solid content 40%wt.Product characters are observed, are not sent out Existing undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is homogeneous, after which stands one month, does not precipitate.
Embodiment 12
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by 1,4 butyl glycol ester diol of polyadipate (Mn=2000), 1,4- dihydroxy butane -2- sodium sulfonates, 1,4- fourths Glycol is mixed to 100 DEG C, adds catalyst dibutyltin dilaurylate, and 4,4- '-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (MDI) are warming up to 100 DEG C, both of the above respectively through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, by injected after mixing head rotating speed for 300rpm, L/D=16, Temperature is respectively 150 DEG C, 160 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 180 DEG C, 190 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 230 DEG C of double-screw reactor, reacts 2min；
(2) be 200 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 2500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 200 DEG C, Pressure is that the deionized water of 1.5Mpa is also injected into shear pump, shears 3min；
(3) 30 DEG C are cooled to through heat exchanger, are depressurized to normal pressure and are collected into stainless steel storage tank, collect it is full after stir 5min, you can obtain the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, solid content 50.0%wt.Product characters are observed, are not had It was found that there is undissolved White Flocculus, emulsion-stabilizing is homogeneous, after which stands one month, does not sink Form sediment.
Comparative example 1
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) polytetrahydrofuran diol (Mn=2000), dimethylolpropionic acid, 2- methyl-1,3-propanediols are mixed to 80 DEG C, octoate catalyst stannous is added, 4,4- '-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (MDI) are warming up to 80 DEG C, and both of the above is respectively through tooth Take turns metering pump and flowmeter, by injecting rotating speed after mixing head for 250rpm, L/D=70, temperature be respectively 120 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 215 DEG C of double-screw reactor, residence time 1min；
(2) be 150 DEG C through smelt gear pump implantation temperature, rotating speed be in 1500rpm shear pumps, while temperature be 150 DEG C, Pressure is also injected into shear pump for 0.5Mpa deionized waters, high speed shear 4min；
(3) it is collected into stainless steel storage tank after heat exchanger is cooled to 30 DEG C, is depressured normal pressure, is stirred after collecting completely 5min, obtains the aqueous polyurethane dispersion of 30.0%wt, but stability is bad, stands two days later, and it is heavy a large amount of whites occur Form sediment..
Comparative example 2
Formula：(mass percent)
Preparation method：
(1) by polyoxyethylene glycol (Mn=500), polyadipate -1,4- butyl glycol ester diols (Mn=4000), two Hydroxymethyl propionic acid, 1,4-butanediol are mixed to 90 DEG C, add octoate catalyst stannous, and toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI) is warming up to 90 DEG C, both of the above respectively through gear wheel metering pump and flowmeter, by mixed at high speed head inject rotating speed for 250rpm, L/D=10, Temperature is respectively 120 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 170 DEG C, 215 DEG C of double-screw reactor, and the residence time is 3min；
(2) it is by 120 DEG C, rotating speed of the flow implantation temperature of 120kg/h through smelt gear pump in 1500rpm shear pumps, While temperature is 120 DEG C, pressure is in 0.2Mpa deionized waters injection shear pump, shears 5min；
(3) 50 DEG C are cooled to through heat exchanger, are depressurized to normal pressure and are collected into stainless steel storage tank, observation product characters are found There are a large amount of undissolved White Flocculus, the lotion of stable uniform can not be obtained.
The physical property of aqueous polyurethane dispersion obtained by embodiment 1-12 is as follows：
Embodiment Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4 Embodiment 5 Embodiment 6
Solid content 30.0%wt 34.5%wt 50.0%wt 38.7%wt 35.3%wt 35.3%wt
Emulsion viscosity (20 DEG C) 230cp 320cp 760cp 470cp 340cp 360cp
100% modulus 1.2 3.5 5.8 1.3 4.0 4.7
Tensile strength (Mpa) 25 47 58 27 52 50
Elongation at break % 850 740 690 950 800 760
Embodiment Embodiment 7 Embodiment 8 Embodiment 9 Embodiment 10 Embodiment 11 Embodiment 12
Solid content 39.3%wt 41.5%wt 30.6%wt 44.4%wt 40%wt 50%wt
Emulsion viscosity (20 DEG C) 400cp 400cp 210cp 540cp 420cp 720cp
100% modulus 2.1 2.1 3.7 1.8 4.3 5.2
Tensile strength (Mpa) 36 36 40 30 45 60
Elongation at break % 920 920 850 970 760 760
By the result of the test of embodiment 1~12 and comparative example 1~2 as it can be seen that due to double-screw reactor of the invention Special draw ratio, suitable temperature and time have been used, has been reduced as far as possible again ensureing raw material while the reaction was complete The generation of side reaction, the WTPUD lotion storage stabilities being prepared are good, and performance is stablized excellent, can be widely applied to synthesize The every field such as leather, adhesive, coating, fabric coating, finishing agent, particularly as synthetic leather resin, can be applied to base fabric bottom Expect the fields such as resin, surface layer resin, tie layer resins, intermediate layer resin, foaming layer resin.

Claims (10)

1. the preparation method of the solvent-free sulfonate aqueous polyurethane dispersion of continous way, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) by polymer diatomic alcohol, diisocyanate, small molecule dihydric alcohol, two terminal hydroxy group Y-shaped pendant hydrophilic chain extension of low melting point Agent and catalyst, preheat respectively, after being then input to mixer disperses mixing, are input in double-screw reactor and react, obtain Polyurethane melt；
The polymer diatomic alcohol is dihydric alcohol containing sulfonate groups, polyether Glycols, polyester diol, makrolon binary One or more mixtures in alcohol；
(2) by the polyurethane melt of acquisition, it is continuously injected into shear pump, while water or water with neutralizer is injected into shearing Pump, and disperse in 120-200 DEG C and 0.2-1.5Mpa down cuts, obtain aqueous polyurethane dispersion；
(3) by step (2) obtained by product, decrease temperature and pressure, it is necessary to when add rear chain extender, stirring reaction, you can obtain quality Content is the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion of 30-50%.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, using 16≤L/D≤56, more than rotating speed 200-300rpm Double screw extruder, wherein：L represents spiro rod length, and D represents screw diameter.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the double-screw reactor, reaction temperature is divided into 7 Section, first segment are 80-150 DEG C, and second segment is 100-160 DEG C, and the 3rd section is 130-170 DEG C, and the 4th section is 140-180 DEG C, the Five sections are 150-190 DEG C, and the 6th section is 150-200 DEG C, and the 7th section is 205-230 DEG C, residence time of the material in twin-screw For 0.5-3min.
4. according to claims 1 to 3 any one of them method, it is characterised in that the dihydric alcohol containing sulfonate groups, is Refer to polyester or the oligomer of polyethers containing 2 terminal hydroxy groups and containing sulfonate groups, molecular weight between 500-10000, including But it is not limited to：Polyadipate -5-sodium sulfo isophthalate-hexylene glycol esterdiol, according to adipic acid-M-phthalic acid -5- sulfonic acid Sodium-pentadiol ester glycol, polyadipate-succinic acid 2-sodium sulfonate-hexylene glycol esterdiol, hydroxyl sulfoacid sodium are the poly- of initiator The oligomer of propylene oxide or ethane, aminopropanesulfonic acid sodium for initiator polypropylene oxide or ethane oligomer etc. one kind It is or a variety of.
5. according to claims 1 to 3 any one of them method, it is characterised in that the polyether Glycols use 2 end hydroxyls Base, number-average molecular weight are the various structural polyether oligomers of 200-10000, including are not limited to：PolyTHF dihydric alcohol (PTMEG), Polyoxypropylene diol (PPG), polyoxyethylene glycol (PEG) and polypropylene oxide ethylene oxide copolymerization two One or more mixtures of first alcohol (PEPG)；
The polyester diol is to contain 2 oligomers of the terminal hydroxy group containing polyester construction, range of number-average molecular weight 200- 10000, including be not limited to：Polyadipate -1,4- butyl glycol ester diols (PBA), polyethylene glycol adipate glycol (PEA), gather Adipic acid propylene glycol ester glycol (PPA), polyadipate -1,6-HD esterdiol (PHA), polyneopentyl glycol adipate glycol (PNA), polyadipate ethylene glycol butyl glycol ester diol (PEBA), polyadipate ethylene glycol propylene glycol ester glycol (PEPA), gather oneself Diacid hexylene glycol neopentyl glycol esterdiol (PHNA), polybutyleneadipate hexylene glycol esterdiol (PBHA), polyadipate fourth two Alcohol neopentyl glycol esterdiol (PBNA), the one or more for gathering own Inner esterdiols；
The polycarbonate glycol uses the oligomer containing 2 terminal hydroxy group carbonate-containing structures, range of number-average molecular weight For 200-10000, exchanged and synthesized with binary alcohol esters by carbonic diester, including be not limited to：Poly- carbonic acid hexylene glycol esterdiol, poly- carbonic acid The one or more of pentadiol ester glycol, polytetramethylene carbonate diol glycol, poly (propylene carbonate) glycol etc.；
It is sub- that the diisocyanate is selected from 4,4- '-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (MDI), toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI), benzene Methyl diisocyanate (XDI), 1,5- how diisocyanate (NDI), paraphenylene diisocyanate (PPDI), two isocyanide of hexa-methylene Acid esters (HDI), different Buddhist diisocyanates (IPDI), one kind in hydrogenation 4,4- '-diphenylmethane diisocyanates (HMDI) or The mixture of any combination.
6. according to claims 1 to 3 any one of them method, it is characterised in that the small molecule dihydric alcohol is selected from second two Alcohol, 1,2- propane diols, 1,3- propane diols, 1,4- butanediols, 1,3 butylene glycol, 1,5- pentanediols, neopentyl glycol, 1,6- oneself two It is a kind of or more in alcohol, 1,8- ethohexadiols, hydroquinone hydroxyethyl ether (HQEE), cyclohexane dimethanol, 2- methyl-1,3-propanediols Kind mixture；The two terminal hydroxy group Y-shaped pendant hydrophilic chain extender of low melting point is selected from dimethylolpropionic acid, dihydroxymethyl third A kind of or mixture in acid, 1,4- dihydroxy butane -2- sodium sulfonates, N, N- bis- (2- ethoxys) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid sodium.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the rear chain extender is selected from second diaminourea ethyl sulfonic acid sodium, One or more mixtures in second diaminourea propanesulfonate.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion, including such as The component of lower mass percent：
9. the solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion prepared according to any one of claim 1~8 7 the methods.
10. the application of solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 9, it is characterised in that for synthetic leather, Adhesive, coating, fabric coating, finishing agent, base fabric bottom material resin, surface layer resin, tie layer resins, intermediate layer resin or foaming Layer resin.
CN201711049518.4A 2017-10-31 2017-10-31 Solvent-free sulfonate aqueous polyurethane dispersion of continous way and preparation method thereof Pending CN107903377A (en)

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CN108659191A (en) * 2018-04-23 2018-10-16 襄阳精信汇明科技股份有限公司 A kind of solvent-free aqueous polyisocyanate curing agent and its preparation method and application
CN109734866A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-05-10 华南理工大学 A kind of high-performance anionic and nonionic type aqueous polyurethane dispersion and preparation method thereof
CN110343230A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-18 广东也乐新材料制造有限公司 A kind of water-based polyurethane ink resin and preparation method thereof
CN111393605A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-07-10 合肥科天水性科技有限责任公司 High-solid high-bio-based sulfonic acid type waterborne polyurethane and preparation method and application thereof
CN111471161A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-07-31 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 Waterborne polyurethane emulsion and preparation method thereof
CN111763301A (en) * 2020-06-01 2020-10-13 合肥科天水性科技有限责任公司 Preparation method of low-cost high-performance sulfonic acid type waterborne polyurethane particles and dispersoid
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CN102633971A (en) * 2012-04-19 2012-08-15 王武生 Double-screw reactor design based continuous production process of aqueous polyurethane dispersion
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CN110343230A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-18 广东也乐新材料制造有限公司 A kind of water-based polyurethane ink resin and preparation method thereof
CN111393605A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-07-10 合肥科天水性科技有限责任公司 High-solid high-bio-based sulfonic acid type waterborne polyurethane and preparation method and application thereof
CN111471161A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-07-31 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 Waterborne polyurethane emulsion and preparation method thereof
CN111763301A (en) * 2020-06-01 2020-10-13 合肥科天水性科技有限责任公司 Preparation method of low-cost high-performance sulfonic acid type waterborne polyurethane particles and dispersoid
WO2022183604A1 (en) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-09 四川大学 Method for completely continuously preparing waterborne polyurethane by means of prepolymerization-emulsification

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