CN107902947B - Concrete foaming agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete foaming agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107902947B CN107902947B CN201710957881.XA CN201710957881A CN107902947B CN 107902947 B CN107902947 B CN 107902947B CN 201710957881 A CN201710957881 A CN 201710957881A CN 107902947 B CN107902947 B CN 107902947B
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- sulfate
- polyoxyethylene ether
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/42—Pore formers
Abstract
The concrete foaming agent at least comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 5-15 parts of alkyl sulfate, 4-8 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 5-15 parts of an auxiliary agent, 10-30 parts of a foam stabilizer and 100 parts of water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of concrete building materials, in particular to a concrete foaming agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Foamed concrete is also called foamed concrete. It features that air bubbles are formed in concrete to lighten it and insulate it.
Preparing foaming agent into foam by mechanical method, then uniformly stirring the prepared foam and concrete slurry to obtain the foam concrete mixture. The "agitation" causes the hard particles of these materials to break up around the foam and the bubbles of the foam become individual bubbles spaced from each other. The support for the bubbles is composed of fine particles of the foam slurry and water. The shape of the foam concrete air holes is different from that of aerated concrete, and the foam concrete air holes are not single spheres and are deformed to form polyhedrons under the action of capillary tubes. The more uniformly distributed and smaller the pores in the mix, the higher the strength of the foamed concrete. During the rest period, the porosity gradually thickens and coagulates the mixture. Under steam curing or natural curing, the materials undergo hydration reaction to generate hydrated silicate and hydrated aluminosilicate gelled substances or other gelled substances, so that the hydrated silicate and hydrated aluminosilicate gelled substances or other gelled substances gradually become porous artificial stone with certain strength and other physical and mechanical properties.
A foam is an aggregate of a plurality of bubbles. Bubbles are not equal to foam, but foam consists of bubbles. Theoretically, a foam refers to a dispersion of a gas dispersed in a liquid, the gas being the dispersed phase and the liquid being the dispersion medium. The foam is formed by first forming individual bubbles and then stabilizing the individual bubbles to form the foam. Foams have two aggregation states, one is that gas is uniformly dispersed in a thick liquid in small spherical shapes, the interaction force between bubbles is weak, the foams are called thin foams, and the thin foams are generally called milky foams because the appearance of the foams is similar to that of emulsions. The other is called a thick bubble. The foam of the concentrated bubbles is dense, and the bubbles are separated by a very thin liquid film to form a multi-surface bubble aggregate. Dense foam is only true foam.
The foam properties largely affect the flow and hardening properties of the slurry, which hardens to form a large number of closed cells. The shape, porosity and pore size distribution of the pore structure are the three most important factors affecting the performance of foamed concrete. The smaller the average pore diameter, the higher the strength of the foam concrete at the same porosity. The strength of the composite material is reduced by 15-20% when the aperture is increased by 1 mm. Therefore, foams used in foamed concrete should possess toughness, uniformity, dispersibility, small cell diameter, and stability. However, foams have a large surface free energy, and spontaneous collapse of the foam reduces the total surface area of the system, lowering the surface energy.
Foaming capacity and foam stability are the two most important factors in the measurement of blowing agents, foam stability being particularly important for blowing agents, which determines the useful life of the foam. The foam concrete foaming agent has the advantages of different foam purposes, different performance requirements of the foaming agent, abundant foaming quantity, good foam stability, good compatibility with gelled material slurry and no side effect on setting and hardening of the slurry.
Generally, a surfactant with excellent foaming performance is used as a foaming agent, and according to the ionic property of the surfactant, a cationic foaming agent is very high in price and has certain influence on the strength of cement, so that the application is not many; the foaming times of the nonionic foaming agent are generally smaller; although the zwitterionic foaming agent can be foamed, the cost is quite high, and the application is not many.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the first aspect of the invention provides a concrete foaming agent, which at least comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 5-15 parts of alkyl sulfate, 4-8 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 5-15 parts of an auxiliary agent, 10-30 parts of a foam stabilizer and 100 parts of water.
In some embodiments, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is selected from at least one of sodium salt, potassium salt, and ammonium salt.
In some embodiments, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is selected from at least one of laureth sulfate, myristyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, palmityl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and stearyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.
In some embodiments, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is selected from at least one of sodium laureth sulfate, sodium myristyl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium palmityl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and sodium stearyl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.
In some embodiments, the alkyl sulfate is a mixture of dodecyl sulfate and 2-ethylhexyl sulfate.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of dodecyl sulfate to 2-ethylhexyl sulfate is 1: 2.
in some embodiments, the alkyl sulfate is a mixture of sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate.
In some embodiments, the adjuvant is selected from at least one of triethanolamine, diethanol monoisopropanolamine, sodium chloride.
In some embodiments, the foam stabilizer is selected from at least one of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, silicone polyether emulsion, polyquaternium-7, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, polyvinyl alcohol.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the concrete foaming agent, which is to stir the components at room temperature for 10-30 min.
Detailed Description
The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.
The term "prepared from …" as used herein is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
The conjunction "consisting of …" excludes any unspecified elements, steps or components. If used in a claim, the phrase is intended to claim as closed, meaning that it does not contain materials other than those described, except for the conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of …" appears in a clause of the subject matter of the claims rather than immediately after the subject matter, it defines only the elements described in the clause; other elements are not excluded from the claims as a whole.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. "optional" or "any" means that the subsequently described event or events may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.
Approximating language, as used herein throughout the specification and claims, is intended to modify a quantity, such that the invention is not limited to the specific quantity, but includes portions that are literally received for modification without substantial change in the basic function to which the invention is related. Accordingly, the use of "about" to modify a numerical value means that the invention is not limited to the precise value. In some instances, the approximating language may correspond to the precision of an instrument for measuring the value. In the present description and claims, range limitations may be combined and/or interchanged, including all sub-ranges contained therein if not otherwise stated.
In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the stated number clearly indicates that the singular form is intended.
The invention provides a concrete foaming agent, which at least comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 5-15 parts of alkyl sulfate, 4-8 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 5-15 parts of an auxiliary agent, 10-30 parts of a foam stabilizer and 100 parts of water.
In some embodiments, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is selected from at least one of sodium salt, potassium salt, and ammonium salt.
In some embodiments, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is selected from at least one of laureth sulfate, myristyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, palmityl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and stearyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.
In some embodiments, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is selected from at least one of sodium laureth sulfate, sodium myristyl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium palmityl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and sodium stearyl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.
Surfactant molecules are compounds with an amphiphilic structure consisting of a hydrophilic group ("head") and a hydrophobic group ("tail"). After the surfactant is dissolved in water, the hydrophilic groups ("heads") tend to stay in the water, while the non-polar hydrophobic groups ("tails") tend to lift out of the water, according to the principle of polar-like compatibility. This tendency is inherent to each surfactant molecule, and consequently causes a tendency that most surfactant molecules are distributed on the interface and aligned in alignment to form an adsorption layer.
Stirring the liquid, wrapping the gas in the liquid, and forming bubbles wrapped by the adsorption water film on the surface of the gas after the gas is fully contacted with the water. The bubble density is low and rises to the liquid surface. The liquid surface also has a layer of surfactant in a directional arrangement to again wrap the rising bubbles. And finally, the bubbles overcome the surface tension and float out of the water surface.
There is a difference in bubble stability, a foam is a thermodynamically unstable system, as a system in which a gas is dispersed in a liquid, and it has a free energy higher than the sum of the free energies of air and the liquid, so that the foam spontaneously collapses over time to reduce the total free energy of the system. The main causes of foam collapse are foam drainage and gas diffusion in the foam.
In some embodiments, the alkyl sulfate is a mixture of dodecyl sulfate and 2-ethylhexyl sulfate.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of dodecyl sulfate to 2-ethylhexyl sulfate is 1: 2.
in some embodiments, the alkyl sulfate is a mixture of sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate.
In the course of the research carried out to accomplish the present invention, the inventors found that sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate were mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 2, the foaming agent has better foaming performance when the mixture is compounded. The inventors speculate that the possible reason is that sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate has a branched chain, and the two branched structures, one long and one short, are slightly weaker in van der waals force than the linear compound, but the branched structure simultaneously lowers the surface tension to some extent, while sodium dodecyl sulfate has a linear structure, and the weight ratio is 1: 2, the effects of simultaneously enhancing intermolecular force and reducing surface tension can be achieved, so that the foaming ratio can be increased, the foaming time can be shortened, and the foaming efficiency can be further improved.
In some embodiments, the adjuvant is selected from at least one of triethanolamine, diethanol monoisopropanolamine, sodium chloride.
In some embodiments, the foam stabilizer is selected from at least one of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, silicone polyether emulsion, polyquaternium-7, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, polyvinyl alcohol.
The foam stabilizer can be directly purchased from the market, for example, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide is selected from CDEA6501, silicone polyether emulsion is selected from FM-550, polyquaternium-7 is selected from M550, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether is selected from HEC, and polyvinyl alcohol is polyvinyl alcohol 1788.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the concrete foaming agent, which is to stir the components at room temperature for 10-30 min.
When the foaming agent provided by the invention is used for concrete, the addition amount of the foaming agent is 0.3-0.4kg/m relative to the volume of the concrete3。
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The concrete foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 4 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate, 8 parts of 2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfate, 6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 4 parts of triethanolamine, 4 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, 2 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 6 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, 72 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt, 4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
Example 2
The concrete foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 3 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate, 9 parts of 2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfate, 6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 4 parts of triethanolamine, 4 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, 2 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 6 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, 72 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt, 4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
Example 3
The concrete foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 6 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate, 6 parts of 2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfate, 6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 4 parts of triethanolamine, 4 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, 2 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 6 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, 72 parts of polyquaternium, 4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
Example 4
The concrete foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 12 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 4 parts of triethanolamine, 4 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, 2 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 6 parts of silicone polyether emulsion, 72 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt, 4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
Example 5
The concrete foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 12 parts of 2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfate, 6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 4 parts of triethanolamine, 4 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, 2 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 6 parts of silicone polyether emulsion, 72 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt, 4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
Comparative example 1
The concrete foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 4 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate, 8 parts of n-octyl sodium sulfate, 6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 4 parts of triethanolamine, 4 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, 2 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 6 parts of silicone resin polyether emulsion, 72 parts of polyquaternary ammonium salt-72, 4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
Comparative example 2
The concrete foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 4 parts of triethanolamine, 4 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, 2 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 6 parts of silicone polyether emulsion, 72 parts of polyquaternium-72, 4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
The preparation methods of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2 were to stir the components at room temperature for 20 min.
1. Foaming volume test
100mL of each of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was poured into a graduated measuring cup at room temperature, and stirred at 9000rpm for 5 minutes by a stirrer to measure the volume of the generated foam in mL.
2. Measurement of foaming time
100mL of each of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was poured into a graduated measuring cup at room temperature, stirred at 9000rpm with a stirrer, and the stirring time in s was measured when the volume of the resulting foam was 500 mL. The test results are listed in the following table.
| Volume of foam | Time of foaming | |
| Example 1 | 980 | 133 |
| Example 2 | 930 | 158 |
| Example 3 | 910 | 152 |
| Example 4 | 750 | 185 |
| Example 5 | 710 | 192 |
| Comparative example 1 | 780 | 171 |
| Comparative example 2 | 420 | 342 |
The foregoing examples are illustrative only, and serve to explain some of the features of the present disclosure. The appended claims are intended to claim as broad a scope as is contemplated, and the examples presented herein are merely illustrative of selected implementations in accordance with all possible combinations of examples. Accordingly, it is applicants' intention that the appended claims are not to be limited by the choice of examples illustrating features of the invention. And that advances in science and technology will result in possible equivalents or sub-substitutes not currently contemplated for reasons of inaccuracy in language representation, and such changes should also be construed where possible to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The concrete foaming agent at least comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 5-15 parts of alkyl sulfate, 4-8 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine, 5-15 parts of an auxiliary agent, 10-30 parts of a foam stabilizer and 100 parts of water; the alkyl sulfate is a mixture of dodecyl sulfate and 2-ethylhexyl sulfate, and the weight ratio of the alkyl sulfate to the 2-ethylhexyl sulfate is 1: 2.
2. the concrete foaming agent of claim 1, wherein the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium salt, potassium salt, and ammonium salt.
3. The concrete foaming agent of claim 2, wherein the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is at least one selected from the group consisting of laureth sulfate, myristyl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, palmityl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and stearyl alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.
4. The concrete foaming agent of claim 3, wherein the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium laureth sulfate, sodium myristyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium palmityl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and sodium stearyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.
5. The concrete blowing agent of claim 1, wherein the alkyl sulfate is a mixture of sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate.
6. The concrete foaming agent of claim 1, wherein the adjuvant is selected from at least one of triethanolamine, diethanol monoisopropanolamine, and sodium chloride.
7. The concrete foaming agent of claim 1, wherein the foam stabilizer is at least one selected from the group consisting of coconut fatty acid diethanolamide, silicone polyether emulsion, polyquaternium-7, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, polyvinyl alcohol.
8. A method of preparing a concrete blowing agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the components are stirred at room temperature for 10 to 30 min.
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| CN108358495A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-03 | 华润水泥技术研发（广西）有限公司 | A kind of research work of air entrained type grinding aid and application thereof improving cement thick liquid flowability |
| CN110228961A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-13 | 广东冠生土木工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of foaming agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111138111B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2022-01-28 | 福建建工建材科技开发有限公司 | Early-strength waterproof foam concrete foaming agent |
| CN112521050A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-19 | 福建省绿树节能科技有限公司 | Concrete foaming agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN113754394B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-08-12 | 广东盛瑞科技股份有限公司 | Foamed polymer soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN113683377B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-08-12 | 广东盛瑞科技股份有限公司 | Foamed light soil with high phosphogypsum content and preparation method thereof |
| CN113754371B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-10-21 | 广东盛瑞科技股份有限公司 | Foamed light soil with high stone powder content and preparation method thereof |
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