CN107900553B - Gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107900553B
CN107900553B CN201710985994.0A CN201710985994A CN107900553B CN 107900553 B CN107900553 B CN 107900553B CN 201710985994 A CN201710985994 A CN 201710985994A CN 107900553 B CN107900553 B CN 107900553B
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powder
flux
stainless steel
cored
welding
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CN107900553A (en
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张敏
程康康
王裕
李乐
慕二龙
史杰
周玉兰
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Xian University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
    • B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/368—Selection of non-metallic compositions of core materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel, which comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1-4% of silicon powder, 3-7% of manganese powder, 20-25% of chromium powder, 7-10% of copper powder, 2-5% of niobium powder, 8-16% of rutile powder, 6-13% of zircon sand powder, 18-26% of fluorite powder, 3-10% of iron oxide powder, 2-6% of alumina powder, 2-7% of calcium oxide powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the raw material components into a U-shaped groove, rolling and closing, drawing and straightening, coiling into a disc, and sealing and packaging. The flux-cored wire has attractive weld joint forming, can obtain martensite stainless steel weld joint tissues, and has excellent mechanical property and corrosion resistance of a welding joint. The preparation method is simple and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material welding, and particularly relates to a gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel, and a preparation method of the flux-cored wire.
Background
The precipitation hardening type stainless steel has the specific corrosion resistance of stainless steel, and can realize precipitation hardening through aging treatment to obtain ultrahigh strength. Such stainless steels have an unstable austenitic structure after quenching. It can produce martensite during plastic deformation or after cold treatment. The transformed martensite is then further strengthened by precipitation hardening by aging. In the chemical components, omega (Cr) is more than 13 percent, thereby ensuring the corrosion resistance of the steel. The inclusion of Ni enables the steel to have a metastable austenitic structure after solution treatment. The M point is controlled between room temperature and minus 78 ℃ by adding alloy elements such as Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo, Al and the like. Mo, Al, Ti, Nb, Cu, etc. precipitate intermetallic compounds and some small amount of carbides to cause precipitation hardening. In addition, the carbon content of the steel is low, and omega (C) is 0.04-0.13%, so the corrosion resistance is good.
Depending on the metal structure of the substrate. I.e. according to the equilibrium between the chromium equivalents and the nickel equivalents. Precipitation hardening stainless steels can be classified into martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steels, semi-austenitic precipitation hardening stainless steels, austenitic-ferritic precipitation hardening stainless steels, austenitic precipitation hardening stainless steels, and ferritic precipitation hardening stainless steels.
The 0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel is an improved stainless steel of FV520B stainless steel, the chemical components of the 0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel are Si0.3-0.6%, Mn0.5-0.9%, Ni6.0-7.0%, Cr13.0-15.0%, Mo0.60-0.90%, Cu1.3-1.5%, Nb0.3-0.4%, etc., the 0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel is a novel precipitation hardening martensitic stainless steel developed on the basis of FV520B martensitic stainless steel, has higher strength, good welding performance, heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and is a common material of natural gas centrifugal compressor impellers. The 0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel is a steel which is newly developed at present and has the strength exceeding 1000MPa, the development of the flux-cored wire matched with the 0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel is less at present, and the patent is used for developing the flux-cored wire matched with the stainless steel to supplement the market demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel, which has good welding process performance, less welding spatter and attractive weld joint forming.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a gas-shielded flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1-4% of silicon powder, 3-7% of manganese powder, 20-25% of chromium powder, 7-10% of copper powder, 2-5% of niobium powder, 8-16% of rutile powder, 6-13% of zircon sand powder, 18-26% of fluorite powder, 3-10% of iron oxide powder, 2-6% of alumina powder, 2-7% of calcium oxide powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the welding skin is a 316 stainless steel band.
The filling rate of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is 15 wt% -20 wt%.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that the preparation method of the gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: weighing 1-4% of silicon powder, 3-7% of manganese powder, 20-25% of chromium powder, 7-10% of copper powder, 2-5% of niobium powder, 8-16% of rutile powder, 6-13% of zircon sand powder, 18-26% of fluorite powder, 3-10% of iron oxide powder, 2-6% of alumina powder, 2-7% of calcium oxide powder and the balance of iron powder according to the mass percentage, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
step 2: mixing the fluorite powder, the iron oxide powder, the alumina powder and the calcium oxide powder weighed in the step 1 to obtain mixed medicinal powder A, adding a water glass binder into the mixed medicinal powder A, uniformly mixing, then placing in a heating furnace for sintering, grinding and sieving to obtain mixed medicinal powder B;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the silicon powder, the manganese powder, the chromium powder, the copper powder, the niobium powder, the iron powder, the rutile powder and the zircon sand powder weighed in the step 1 with the mixed powder B obtained in the step 2, and placing the mixture in a drying furnace for drying to obtain a flux-cored powder;
and 4, step 4: wrapping the flux-cored powder obtained in the step 3 in a 316 stainless steel strip by a flux-cored wire making machine, closing the 316 stainless steel strip by a forming machine to obtain a semi-finished product of the welding wire, wiping the semi-finished product with acetone, and then drawing the semi-finished product until the diameter of the semi-finished product is 1.2mm-1.6 mm;
and 5: and (4) after the semi-finished product of the welding wire is drawn in the step (4), removing oil stains on the surface of the welding wire to obtain the gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel.
The invention is also characterized in that:
in the step 2: the sintering temperature is 650-750 ℃, the sintering time is 4-6 h, and the sieving granularity is 60-140 meshes.
In the step 3: the drying temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the drying time is 2-3 h.
In the step 4: the width of the 316 stainless steel strip is 7mm, and the thickness is 0.3 mm.
In the step 4: the filling rate of the flux-cored powder in the welding wire is 15-20 wt%.
In the step 2: the dosage of the water glass binder accounts for 15-21% of the total mass of the medicinal powder A.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
(1) compared with stainless steel welding rods and solid welding wires, the flux-cored wire has the advantages of less welding spatter, attractive welding line forming and good welding process performance; the automatic welding machine can be used for continuous wire feeding, and has the advantages of protective gas saving and higher production efficiency;
(2) the flux-cored wire of the invention utilizes the mineral slag system to generate slag, so that a molten pool formed during welding is protected, and the effect of gas protection is achieved;
(3) the preparation method of the flux-cored wire is simple, is convenient to operate, and can be used for batch production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention relates to a gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel, which comprises a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1-4% of silicon powder, 3-7% of manganese powder, 20-25% of chromium powder, 7-10% of copper powder, 2-5% of niobium powder, 8-16% of rutile powder, 6-13% of zircon sand powder, 18-26% of fluorite powder, 3-10% of iron oxide powder, 2-6% of alumina powder, 2-7% of calcium oxide powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
The welding skin is a 316 stainless steel band.
The filling rate of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is 15 wt% -20 wt%.
The function and function of each component in the welding wire are as follows:
silicon and Si are also derived from pig iron and deoxidizer. Si has stronger deoxidizing capacity than MnThe deoxidizer is a main deoxidizer and can eliminate the adverse effect of FeO inclusion on steel. Si can react with FeO to form SiO2And then into the slag to be removed. In addition to Si forming SiO2Si is present as an impurity in the steel, and most of Si is dissolved in ferrite at room temperature, so that Si has a strengthening effect on the steel;
manganese, Mn, is an austenite stabilizing element, and the addition of manganese can significantly lower the temperature at which the austenite-to-ferrite transformation is a structure transformation. Meanwhile, manganese has an obvious effect on reducing the brittle transition temperature. The manganese in the flux core has a certain deoxidation and desulfurization effect, can be combined with the manganese to generate manganese oxide, and can also react with sulfur to generate stable manganese sulfide, so that the generation of low-melting-point phase iron sulfide in the weld joint is reduced, and the hot crack resistance of weld metal is improved;
chromium and Cr are elements which promote ferrite formation and stabilize the deposited metal, and the addition of chromium element ensures the corrosion resistance of the weld metal and also plays a certain role in improving the strength. Research shows that a certain amount of chromium element is added on the basis of low-carbon steel, so that the steel can generate a passivation film of ferrochrome oxide firmly combined with matrix tissues in an oxidizing medium; but also can effectively improve the pitting potential value of the steel and reduce the susceptibility of the steel to pitting corrosion. The influence of chromium on the strength is shown in that the toughness of weld metal can be improved by a proper amount of chromium element, but with the excessive addition of the chromium content, the precipitation tendency of some intermetallic compounds is gradually increased, and the formation and the existence of the intermetallic compounds can obviously reduce the ductility and the corrosion resistance of steel;
copper, Cu, is an austenite-forming element. Its capacity is much lower than that of nickel, about 30% of that of nickel. Among the common chromium-nickel stainless steels, the steels can improve the corrosion resistance, especially in reducing media; but the addition of copper makes the hot workability of the steel difficult. In martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel, the role of copper is mainly to cause a secondary hardening effect;
niobium, Nb is a strong carbide forming element, and niobium forms stable niobium carbide with carbon at high temperature, thereby inhibiting the formation of chromium carbide, improving the corrosion resistance of various forms of stainless steel, and particularly delaying the sensitization time to improve the resistance of weld metal against intergranular corrosion. Meanwhile, niobium is also an element forming a precipitation hardening phase, and can form a precipitation strengthening phase with chromium, nitrogen and the like in the weld metal, and the precipitation strengthening phase is generated due to solution treatment and has the effects of improving the strength and the corrosion resistance. In addition, the niobium has better tempering resistance, namely the strength caused by the increase of the niobium content has small variation range along with the tempering temperature;
rutile is a substance with low ionization elements, has the function of arc stabilization, can improve the arc initiation performance of a welding wire and improve the stability of arc combustion, and also has a certain slag forming function;
fluorite is an important material of low-hydrogen welding rod, and its main action is slag formation, and in the basic slag it can reduce melting point, viscosity and surface tension of slag, and can raise fluidity of slag, and can reduce gas impurity in the welding seam metal, and has a certain dehydrogenation action.
The rutile can ensure that the flux core of the welding wire realizes the characteristic of short slag in the welding and melting process, is very beneficial to spreading of molten metal of a welding seam, and can play a role in stabilizing electric arc;
the main function of the zircon sand is to improve the slag removal performance. The zircon sand mainly contains ZrO2And SiO2In which ZrO2Is the main component of slagging, and can adjust the physical property of slag and improve the slag detachability. If the proportion content is too small, the slag detachability can not be improved, if the proportion content is too large, large-particle metal droplets are exploded in the welding process, larger splashing can be generated, and a molten pool can become too large, so that all-position welding is not facilitated;
the iron oxide is an important component in a gas shielded flux-cored wire slag system, and can improve the surface tension of slag and enable the surface of a welding seam to be smooth and clean. However, the addition of the iron oxide also has adverse effects on the performance of the gas shielded flux-cored wire, so that the content of the iron oxide is not suitable to be too high;
a small amount of alumina is also added into the core. The alumina is used for adjusting the viscosity of the slag and ensuring the surface quality of the welding seam; the aluminum oxide can adjust the alkalinity of slag, ensure the purity of weld metal and improve the slag removal property; the calcium oxide can improve the alkalinity and is beneficial to slag formation.
A preparation method of a gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: 1-4% of silicon powder, 3-7% of manganese powder, 20-25% of chromium powder, 7-10% of copper powder, 2-5% of niobium powder, 8-16% of rutile powder, 6-13% of zircon sand powder, 18-26% of fluorite powder, 3-10% of iron oxide powder, 2-6% of aluminum oxide powder, 2-7% of calcium oxide powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
Step 2: mixing the fluorite powder, the iron oxide powder, the alumina powder and the calcium oxide powder weighed in the step 1 to obtain mixed medicinal powder A, adding a water glass binder into the mixed medicinal powder A, uniformly mixing, then placing in a heating furnace for sintering, grinding and sieving to obtain mixed medicinal powder B; in the step 2: the sintering temperature is 650-750 ℃, the sintering time is 4-6 h, and the sieving granularity is 60-140 meshes; the dosage of the water glass binder accounts for 15 to 21 percent of the total mass of the medicinal powder A;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the silicon powder, the manganese powder, the chromium powder, the copper powder, the niobium powder, the iron powder, the rutile powder and the zircon sand powder weighed in the step 1 with the mixed powder B obtained in the step 2, and placing the mixture in a drying furnace for drying to obtain a flux-cored powder; in the step 3: the drying temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the drying time is 2-3 h;
and 4, step 4: wrapping the flux-cored powder obtained in the step 3 in a 316 stainless steel strip by a flux-cored wire making machine, closing the 316 stainless steel strip by a forming machine to obtain a semi-finished product of the welding wire, wiping the semi-finished product with acetone, and then drawing the semi-finished product until the diameter of the semi-finished product is 1.2mm-1.6 mm; in the step 4: the width of the 316 stainless steel strip is 7mm, and the thickness is 0.3 mm; the filling rate of the flux-cored powder in the welding wire is 15-20 wt%;
and 5: and (4) after the semi-finished product of the welding wire is drawn in the step (4), removing oil stains on the surface of the welding wire to obtain the gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel.
Example 1
Step 1: 20g of silicon powder, 70g of manganese powder, 220g of chromium powder, 90g of copper powder, 30g of niobium powder, 100g of rutile powder, 100g of zircon sand powder, 200g of fluorite powder, 50g of iron oxide powder, 30g of alumina powder, 40g of calcium oxide powder and 50g of iron powder;
step 2: mixing the fluorite powder, the iron oxide powder, the alumina powder and the calcium oxide powder weighed in the step 1 to obtain mixed medicinal powder A, adding 180g of water glass binder into the mixed medicinal powder A, uniformly mixing, then placing the mixture into a heating furnace, sintering the mixture for 4 hours at the temperature of 650 ℃, grinding the mixture, and sieving the ground mixture with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain mixed medicinal powder B;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the silicon powder, the manganese powder, the chromium powder, the copper powder, the niobium powder, the iron powder, the rutile powder and the zircon sand powder weighed in the step 1 with the mixed powder B obtained in the step 2, and placing the mixture in a drying furnace for drying for 2 hours at 200 ℃ to obtain a flux-cored powder;
and 4, step 4: placing a 316 stainless steel strip with the width of 7mm and the thickness of 0.3mm on a strip placing machine of a welding wire forming machine, rolling the stainless steel strip into a U-shaped groove through a pressing groove of the forming machine, placing the flux-cored powder obtained in the step 3 into the U-shaped groove, controlling the filling rate of the flux-cored powder to be 16 wt%, then rolling and closing the U-shaped groove by the forming machine, wiping the groove by acetone, and then drawing the groove until the diameter is 1.2 mm;
and 5: and (4) after the semi-finished product of the welding wire is drawn in the step (4), wiping oil stains on the welding wire by using cotton cloth dipped with acetone, straightening the welding wire by using a wire drawing machine, coiling the welding wire into a disc, and sealing and packaging the disc to obtain the gas protection type flux-cored welding wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel.
The flux cored wire prepared in example 1 was suitable for flux cored arc welding (FCAW-S) with a shielding gas of CO2. The welding conditions are as follows: the welding current is 140-180A, and the welding voltage is 15.5-24.5V. The test shows that the tensile strength of the welded joint is 942Mpa, the yield limit is 799Mpa, the reduction of area is 55 percent, and the impact energy is 61J. The performance meets the use requirement of precipitation hardening stainless steel (0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel).
Example 2
Step 1: weighing 10g of silicon powder, 60g of manganese powder, 210g of chromium powder, 100g of copper powder, 20g of niobium powder, 90g of rutile powder, 120g of zircon sand powder, 260g of fluorite powder, 30g of iron oxide powder, 20g of alumina powder, 50g of calcium oxide powder and 30g of iron powder;
step 2: mixing the fluorite powder, the iron oxide powder, the alumina powder and the calcium oxide powder weighed in the step 1 to obtain mixed medicinal powder A, adding 180g of water glass binder into the mixed medicinal powder A, uniformly mixing, then placing in a heating furnace, sintering at 750 ℃ for 6 hours, grinding, and sieving by a 140-mesh sieve to obtain mixed medicinal powder B;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the silicon powder, the manganese powder, the chromium powder, the copper powder, the niobium powder, the iron powder, the rutile powder and the zircon sand powder weighed in the step 1 with the mixed powder B obtained in the step 2, and placing the mixture in a drying furnace for drying for 3 hours at 300 ℃ to obtain a flux-cored powder;
and 4, step 4: placing a 316 stainless steel strip with the width of 7mm and the thickness of 0.3mm on a strip placing machine of a welding wire forming machine, rolling the stainless steel strip into a U-shaped groove through a pressing groove of the forming machine, placing the flux-cored powder obtained in the step (3) into the U-shaped groove, controlling the filling rate of the flux-cored powder to be 15 wt%, then rolling and closing the U-shaped groove by the forming machine, wiping the groove by acetone, and then drawing the groove to the diameter of 1.4 mm;
and 5: and (4) after the semi-finished product of the welding wire is drawn in the step (4), wiping oil stains on the welding wire by using cotton cloth dipped with acetone, straightening the welding wire by using a wire drawing machine, coiling the welding wire into a disc, and sealing and packaging the disc to obtain the gas protection type flux-cored welding wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel.
The flux cored wire prepared in example 2 was suitable for flux cored arc welding (FCAW-S) with a shielding gas of CO 2. The welding conditions are as follows: the welding current is 140-180A, and the welding voltage is 15.5-24.5V. The test shows that the tensile strength of the welded joint is 951Mpa, the yield limit is 803Mpa, the reduction of area is 51 percent, and the impact energy is 49J. The performance meets the use requirement of precipitation hardening stainless steel (0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel).
Example 3
Step 1: weighing 30g of silicon powder, 40g of manganese powder, 200g of chromium powder, 80g of copper powder, 40g of niobium powder, 80g of rutile powder, 70g of zircon sand powder, 260g of fluorite powder, 40g of iron oxide powder, 60g of alumina powder, 70g of calcium oxide powder and 30g of iron powder;
step 2: mixing the fluorite powder, the iron oxide powder, the alumina powder and the calcium oxide powder weighed in the step 1 to obtain mixed medicinal powder A, adding 180g of water glass binder into the mixed medicinal powder A, uniformly mixing, then placing the mixture into a heating furnace, sintering the mixture for 5 hours at 700 ℃, grinding the mixture, and sieving the mixture by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed medicinal powder B;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the silicon powder, the manganese powder, the chromium powder, the copper powder, the niobium powder, the iron powder, the rutile powder and the zircon sand powder weighed in the step 1 with the mixed powder B obtained in the step 2, and placing the mixture in a drying furnace to dry for 2.5 hours at 250 ℃ to obtain a flux core powder;
and 4, step 4: placing a 316 stainless steel strip with the width of 7mm and the thickness of 0.3mm on a strip placing machine of a welding wire forming machine, rolling the stainless steel strip into a U-shaped groove through a pressing groove of the forming machine, placing the flux-cored powder obtained in the step 3 into the U-shaped groove, controlling the filling rate of the flux-cored powder to be 19 wt%, then rolling and closing the U-shaped groove by the forming machine, wiping the groove clean by acetone, and then drawing the groove to the diameter of 1.6 mm;
and 5: and (4) after the semi-finished product of the welding wire is drawn in the step (4), wiping oil stains on the welding wire by using cotton cloth dipped with acetone, straightening the welding wire by using a wire drawing machine, coiling the welding wire into a disc, and sealing and packaging the disc to obtain the gas protection type flux-cored welding wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel.
The flux cored wire prepared in example 3 was suitable for flux cored arc welding (FCAW-S) with a shielding gas of CO2. The welding conditions are as follows: the welding current is 140-180A, and the welding voltage is 15.5-24.5V. The test shows that the tensile strength of the welded joint is 971MPa, the yield limit is 811MPa, the reduction of area is 50 percent, and the impact energy is 51J. The performance meets the use requirements of 0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel.
Example 4
Step 1: weighing 40g of silicon powder, 30g of manganese powder, 250g of chromium powder, 70g of copper powder, 50g of niobium powder, 120g of rutile powder, 60g of zircon sand powder, 220g of fluorite powder, 50g of iron oxide powder, 40g of alumina powder, 20g of calcium oxide powder and 50g of iron powder;
step 2: mixing the fluorite powder, the iron oxide powder, the alumina powder and the calcium oxide powder weighed in the step 1 to obtain mixed medicinal powder A, adding 210g of water glass binder into the mixed medicinal powder A, uniformly mixing, then placing the mixture into a heating furnace, sintering the mixture for 5.5 hours at the temperature of 720 ℃, crushing the mixture, and sieving the mixture by a 120-mesh sieve to obtain mixed medicinal powder B;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the silicon powder, the manganese powder, the chromium powder, the copper powder, the niobium powder, the iron powder, the rutile powder and the zircon sand powder weighed in the step 1 with the mixed powder B obtained in the step 2, and placing the mixture in a drying furnace to be dried for 2.8 hours at 280 ℃ to obtain a flux-cored powder;
and 4, step 4: placing a 316 stainless steel strip with the width of 7mm and the thickness of 0.3mm on a strip placing machine of a welding wire forming machine, rolling the stainless steel strip into a U-shaped groove through a pressing groove of the forming machine, placing the flux-cored powder obtained in the step (3) into the U-shaped groove, controlling the filling rate of the flux-cored powder to be 15 wt%, then rolling and closing the U-shaped groove by the forming machine, wiping the groove by acetone, and then drawing the groove to the diameter of 1.4 mm;
and 5: and (4) after the semi-finished product of the welding wire is drawn in the step (4), wiping oil stains on the welding wire by using cotton cloth dipped with acetone, straightening the welding wire by using a wire drawing machine, coiling the welding wire into a disc, and sealing and packaging the disc to obtain the gas protection type flux-cored welding wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel.
The flux cored wire prepared in example 4 was suitable for flux cored arc welding (FCAW-S) with a shielding gas of CO 2. The welding conditions are as follows: the welding current is 140-180A, and the welding voltage is 15.5-24.5V. The test shows that the tensile strength of the welded joint is 973Mpa, the yield limit is 821Mpa, the reduction of area is 48 percent, and the impact energy is 53J. The performance meets the use requirement of precipitation hardening stainless steel (0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel).
Example 5
Step 1: weighing 30g of silicon powder, 50g of manganese powder, 220g of chromium powder, 80g of copper powder, 20g of niobium powder, 160g of rutile powder, 80g of zircon sand powder, 180g of fluorite powder, 100g of iron oxide powder, 20g of alumina powder, 30g of calcium oxide powder and 30g of iron powder;
step 2: mixing the fluorite powder, the iron oxide powder, the alumina powder and the calcium oxide powder weighed in the step 1 to obtain mixed medicinal powder A, adding 150g of water glass binder into the mixed medicinal powder A, uniformly mixing, then placing the mixture into a heating furnace, sintering the mixture for 4.5 hours at the temperature of 650 ℃, crushing the mixture, and sieving the mixture by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed medicinal powder B;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the silicon powder, the manganese powder, the chromium powder, the copper powder, the niobium powder, the rutile powder and the zircon sand powder weighed in the step 1 with the mixed powder B obtained in the step 2, and drying the mixture in a drying furnace at 200 ℃ for 2.7 hours to obtain a flux-cored powder;
and 4, step 4: placing a 316 stainless steel strip with the width of 7mm and the thickness of 0.3mm on a strip placing machine of a welding wire forming machine, rolling the stainless steel strip into a U-shaped groove through a pressing groove of the forming machine, placing the flux-cored powder obtained in the step 3 into the U-shaped groove, controlling the filling rate of the flux-cored powder to be 16 wt%, then rolling and closing the U-shaped groove by the forming machine, wiping the groove by acetone, and then drawing the groove until the diameter is 1.4 mm;
and 5: and (4) after the semi-finished product of the welding wire is drawn in the step (4), wiping oil stains on the welding wire by using cotton cloth dipped with acetone, straightening the welding wire by using a wire drawing machine, coiling the welding wire into a disc, and sealing and packaging the disc to obtain the gas protection type flux-cored welding wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel.
The flux cored wire prepared in example 5 was suitable for flux cored arc welding (FCAW-S) with a shielding gas of CO 2. The welding conditions are as follows: the welding current is 160-180A, and the welding voltage is 16.5-24.5V. The test shows that the tensile strength of the welded joint is 965MPa, the yield limit is 830MPa, the reduction of area is 52 percent, and the impact energy is 55J. The performance meets the use requirement of precipitation hardening stainless steel (0Cr14Ni5MoCuNb stainless steel).
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) compared with stainless steel welding rods and solid welding wires, the flux-cored wire has the advantages of less welding spatter, attractive welding line forming and good welding process performance; the automatic welding machine can be used for continuous wire feeding, and has the advantages of protective gas saving and higher production efficiency;
(2) the flux-cored wire of the invention utilizes the mineral slag system to generate slag, so that a molten pool formed during welding is protected, and the effect of gas protection is achieved;
(3) the preparation method of the flux-cored wire is simple, is convenient to operate, and can be used for batch production.

Claims (2)

1. The gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel is characterized by comprising a flux core and a welding skin, wherein the flux core comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-4% of silicon powder, 3-7% of manganese powder, 20-25% of chromium powder, 7-10% of copper powder, 2-5% of niobium powder, 8-16% of rutile powder, 6-13% of zircon sand powder, 18-26% of fluorite powder, 3-10% of iron oxide powder, 2-6% of alumina powder, 2-7% of calcium oxide powder and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
the welding skin is a 316 stainless steel band;
the filling rate of the flux-cored powder in the flux-cored wire is 15 wt%.
2. A preparation method of a gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: weighing 1-4% of silicon powder, 3-7% of manganese powder, 20-25% of chromium powder, 7-10% of copper powder, 2-5% of niobium powder, 8-16% of rutile powder, 6-13% of zircon sand powder, 18-26% of fluorite powder, 3-10% of iron oxide powder, 2-6% of alumina powder, 2-7% of calcium oxide powder and the balance of iron powder according to the mass percentage, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
step 2: mixing the fluorite powder, the iron oxide powder, the alumina powder and the calcium oxide powder weighed in the step 1 to obtain mixed medicinal powder A, adding a water glass binder into the mixed medicinal powder A, uniformly mixing, then placing in a heating furnace for sintering, grinding and sieving to obtain mixed medicinal powder B;
and step 3: uniformly mixing the silicon powder, the manganese powder, the chromium powder, the copper powder, the niobium powder, the iron powder, the rutile powder and the zircon sand powder weighed in the step 1 with the mixed powder B obtained in the step 2, and placing the mixture in a drying furnace for drying to obtain a flux-cored powder;
and 4, step 4: wrapping the flux-cored powder obtained in the step 3 in a 316 stainless steel strip by a flux-cored wire making machine, closing the 316 stainless steel strip by a forming machine to obtain a semi-finished product of the welding wire, wiping the semi-finished product with acetone, and then drawing the semi-finished product until the diameter of the semi-finished product is 1.2mm-1.6 mm;
and 5: after the semi-finished product of the welding wire is drawn in the step 4, removing oil stains on the surface of the welding wire to obtain the gas protection type flux-cored wire for precipitation hardening stainless steel;
in the step 4: the width of the 316 stainless steel strip is 7mm, and the thickness is 0.3 mm;
in the step 4: the filling rate of the flux-cored powder in the welding wire is 15 wt%;
in the step 2: the dosage of the water glass binder accounts for 15 to 21 percent of the total mass of the medicinal powder A;
in the step 2: the sintering temperature is 650-750 ℃, the sintering time is 4-6 h, and the sieving granularity is 60-140 meshes;
in the step 3: the drying temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the drying time is 2-3 h.
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CN108723634A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-02 淮北百壹领域建筑科技有限公司 A kind of medicine core steel band welding wire
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