CN107900489B - All-position welding method for metal pipeline in gradient state - Google Patents
All-position welding method for metal pipeline in gradient state Download PDFInfo
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- CN107900489B CN107900489B CN201711056261.5A CN201711056261A CN107900489B CN 107900489 B CN107900489 B CN 107900489B CN 201711056261 A CN201711056261 A CN 201711056261A CN 107900489 B CN107900489 B CN 107900489B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses an all-position welding method for a metal pipeline in a slope state, which is suitable for an outdoor welding construction process of a large-drift-diameter oil and gas long-distance pipeline under a condition of a relief landform of a slope. The method comprises CMT outer root welding, filling welding and cover surface welding, adopts a consistent groove form and an inverted triangle welding gun transverse swing mode aiming at the pipeline all-position welding construction condition in the slope state, eliminates the tendency that the pipeline flows under a welding pool in the slope state, and has flat welding bead forming, thereby effectively solving the problem of non-fusion defect caused by the flow under the welding pool, further solving the problem of automatic pipeline welding in the slope state and greatly improving the welding efficiency and quality.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of pipeline welding, in particular to a method for all-position welding of a metal pipeline in a gradient state.
Background
When the pipeline full-position automatic welding is carried out in a slope state, a welding gun usually adopts an angle pendulum or trapezoid gun conveying mode, but because the influence of oblique component force of gravity on a welding molten pool is increased, molten pool metal easily flows downwards from an upper slope wall to a lower slope wall, so that the molten iron flowing downwards and the lower slope wall have the defect of non-fusion welding, and the problem is also solved in the field of the pipeline full-position automatic welding.
At present, the method for solving the problem is as follows: the pipeline butt joint groove is designed into an asymmetric groove, namely the included angle of the upper groove wall is increased, the included angle of the lower groove wall is reduced, the staying time of a molten pool on the upper groove wall is increased, the staying time of the molten pool on the lower groove wall is reduced, and meanwhile, the included angle between a welding gun and the lower pipeline in the axial diameter direction is set to be 80-90 degrees to complete welding.
However, the above method has the disadvantages that the processing difficulty and the number of machines of the pipeline prefabrication before welding are greatly increased by processing the asymmetric welding groove, the construction efficiency is reduced, the molten pool formed by the process method is unstable, the formed welding seam surface still has the phenomenon of downward flowing in an inclined manner, and the surface inclination trend is more serious along with the increase of the wall thickness of the metal pipeline. Therefore, the prior automatic pipeline welding equipment is rarely applied to the welding operation of the oil and gas long-distance pipeline under the condition of gradient relief landform.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects, the invention provides the all-position welding method for the metal pipeline in the gradient state, which is simple, convenient and feasible, high in construction efficiency and good in welding seam forming quality.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an all-position welding method for a metal pipeline in a gradient state, which comprises the following steps:
performing groove machining on the pipe ends of an upper pipe orifice and a lower pipe orifice of a pipeline to be welded by using a groove machine to form a symmetrical narrow-gap single U-shaped groove;
preheating pipe end grooves of the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice, wherein the preheating temperature is 50-75 ℃, and the preheating range is a welding bead and two sides of the welding bead, wherein the distance between the two sides of the welding bead and the welding bead is 30-50 mm;
utilizing an outer root welding butt joint machine to complete CMT outer root welding between the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice;
performing filling welding between the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice by using single-torch solid welding wire gas shielded welding; wherein the swinging of the welding gun of the filling welding adopts an inverted triangle swinging mode;
performing cover welding between the upper nozzle and the lower nozzle by using the single-torch solid wire gas shielded welding; and the welding gun for the cover surface welding swings in an inverted triangle swinging mode.
Preferably, the size of the narrow-gap single U-shaped groove is as follows: the bevel angle is 5-7 degrees, the arc radius is 3.2mm, the arc transition width is 0.1mm, and the truncated edge height is 1.4mm-1.8 mm.
Preferably, before preheating the pipe end bevels of the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice, the method further includes:
and positioning, assembling and adjusting the weld gap of the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice by using the outer root welding aligning machine, so that the weld gap k of the two pipe orifices is less than or equal to 1.0mm, and the group error variable c of the two pipe orifices is less than or equal to 1.0 mm.
Preferably, before the outer butt welding machine is used to position, assemble and weld gap adjust the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice, the method further comprises:
adjusting the working pressure of a hydraulic component of the outer butt welding machine, wherein the hydraulic component comprises: the working pressure of the clamping hydraulic cylinder is 5-10MPa, and the working pressure of the welding seam gap adjusting hydraulic cylinder is 5-10 MPa.
Preferably, the outer butt welding machine comprises two welding units, and the two welding units are opposite in welding direction and respectively complete downward welding of left and right semi-circumferences from top to bottom during welding.
Preferably, the process parameters of the CMT outer root welding include: the welding voltage is 12.5V-13.5V, the welding current is 165A-175A, the diameter of a welding wire is 1.0mm, the wire feeding speed is 6.5 m/min-8 m/min, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 10 mm-12 mm, the welding speed is 50cm +/-3 cm/min, the percentage of mixed gas is 75-85/25-15 Ar/CO2, and the flow of the mixed protective gas is 15L/min-25L/min.
Preferably, the process parameters of the filling welding include: the welding voltage is 22V-23.5V, the welding current is 135A-170A, the diameter of a welding wire is 1.0mm, the wire feeding speed is 6.5 m/min-8.5 m/min, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 10 mm-15 mm, the welding speed is 25cm +/-3 cm/min, and the percentage of the mixed gas is 75-85/25-15% Ar/CO 2.
Preferably, when the welding gun for the filling welding swings in an inverted triangle swinging mode, the swinging width W is 3mm-6mm, and the swinging frequency is 25 times-35 times/min.
Preferably, the parameters of the swing motion path of the "inverted triangle" yaw mode are as follows: the included angle between the transverse swing of the welding gun and the central line of the welding bead is 45-60 degrees, and the single swing stepping length is 3-5 mm; wherein, the single swing stepping length is equal to the sum of the lengths of an upper pipe orifice return stroke and a lower pipe orifice process; the running direction of the upper pipe orifice return stroke is opposite to the welding direction; the lower pipe orifice process is the same as the welding direction; the length ratio of the upper pipe orifice return stroke to the lower pipe orifice process is 3-4.
Preferably, in the filling welding process, an included angle between the welding gun and the axial diameter direction of the pipeline to be welded is 90 degrees.
Through one or more technical schemes of the invention, the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
the invention discloses an all-position welding method for a metal pipeline in a slope state, which is suitable for an outdoor welding construction process of a large-drift-diameter oil and gas long-distance pipeline under a condition of a relief landform of a slope. The method comprises CMT outer root welding, filling welding and cover surface welding, adopts a consistent groove form and an inverted triangle welding gun transverse swing mode aiming at the pipeline all-position welding construction condition in the slope state, eliminates the tendency that the pipeline flows under a welding pool in the slope state, and has flat welding bead forming, thereby effectively solving the problem of non-fusion defect caused by the flow under the welding pool, further solving the problem of automatic pipeline welding in the slope state and greatly improving the welding efficiency and quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a narrow-gap single U-shaped groove with symmetrical upper and lower pipe orifices in a welding process according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gap between a pair of pipe ports in a welding process according to an embodiment of the present invention; .
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating misalignment of a pipe socket pair in a welding process according to an embodiment of the present invention; .
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a CMT outer root welding performed by an outer root welding butt machine in the welding process according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a swing path of a filling welding torch in a welding process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the position and swing of a welding gun during a fill welding process and a cover welding process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a weld joint of a pipe joint formed by the welding process according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a specific operation process of the welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.
The invention provides an all-position welding method for a metal pipeline in a gradient state, the technological process of the all-position welding method is shown in figure 8, and the method comprises the following steps: performing groove machining on an upper pipe orifice 1 and a lower pipe orifice 2 of a pipeline to be welded by using a groove machine, and then preheating pipe end grooves of the upper pipe orifice 1 and the lower pipe orifice 2; performing CMT outer root welding by using an outer root welding butt joint machine; and (3) completing automatic welding of filling welding and cover welding by using single-welding-torch solid-wire gas shielded welding.
The embodiment of the welding method comprises the following specific operation steps under the condition that the longitudinal gradient of the pipeline is 30 degrees:
s1: the pipe ends of the upper pipe orifice 1 and the lower pipe orifice 2 are beveled to form symmetrical narrow-gap single-U-shaped bevels, and the narrow-gap single-U-shaped bevels are shown in figure 1.
The size of the narrow-gap single U-shaped groove is as follows: the bevel angle A is 5-7 degrees, the arc radius R is 3.2mm, the arc transition width q is 0.1mm, and the height e of the truncated edge is 1.4mm-1.8 mm.
S2: positioning, assembling and adjusting the weld gap of the upper pipe orifice 1 and the lower pipe orifice 2 by using an outer root welding aligning machine, and ensuring that the weld gap k of the two pipe orifices is less than or equal to 1.0mm, which is shown in figure 2; the group error variable c of the two nozzles is ensured to be less than or equal to 1.0mm, see figure 3.
Before utilizing outer root welding to mouthful machine right go up mouth of pipe 1 and lower mouth of pipe 2 and carry out location, group to and the adjustment of welding seam clearance, adjust outer root welding is to the operating pressure of the hydraulic component of mouthful machine, hydraulic component includes: the working pressure of the clamping hydraulic cylinder is 5-10MPa, and the working pressure of the welding seam gap adjusting hydraulic cylinder is 5-10 MPa.
S3: and preheating pipe end grooves of the upper pipe orifice 1 and the lower pipe orifice 2 at the preheating temperature of 50-75 ℃, wherein the preheating range is a welding bead and two sides of the welding bead, and the distance between the two sides of the welding bead and the welding bead is 30-50 mm.
S4: and (3) finishing CMT outer root welding 3 between the upper pipe orifice 1 and the lower pipe orifice 2 by using the outer root welding butt joint machine.
Specifically, the outer butt welding machine is adjusted and used to complete the CMT outer butt welding 3 of the pipe orifice.
The outer root welding butt joint machine comprises two welding units, and the welding directions of the welding units are opposite during welding, and the welding units respectively complete downward welding of left and right semi-circles from top to bottom.
The welding effect of the outer root butt machine is shown in fig. 4. The CMT outer root welding 3 process parameters comprise: the welding voltage is 12.5V-13.5V, the welding current is 165A-175A, the diameter of a welding wire is 1.0mm, the wire feeding speed is 6.5 m/min-8 m/min, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 10 mm-12 mm, the welding speed is 50cm +/-3 cm/min, the percentage of mixed gas is 75-85/25-15 Ar/CO2, and the flow of the mixed protective gas is 15L/min-25L/min.
S5: the filling welding 4 between the upper nozzle 1 and the lower nozzle 2 is performed by single torch solid wire gas shielded welding.
The actuating mechanism of the single welding torch solid welding wire gas shielded welding is two welding trolleys.
The technological parameters of the filling welding 4 comprise: the welding voltage is 22V-23.5V, the welding current is 135A-170A, the diameter of a welding wire is 1.0mm, the wire feeding speed is 6.5 m/min-8.5 m/min, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 10 mm-15 mm, the welding speed is 25cm +/-3 cm/min, and the percentage of the mixed gas is 75-85/25-15% Ar/CO 2.
The swing width W of the welding gun 6 of the filling welding 4 in an inverted triangle swinging mode is 3-6 mm, and the swinging frequency is 25-35 times/min.
The parameters of the swinging running path of the welding gun 6 in an inverted triangle swinging mode are as follows: an included angle a between the transverse swing of the welding gun 6 and the central line of the welding bead is 45-60 degrees, the single swing stepping length B is 3-5 mm, and the single swing stepping length B is equal to the sum of the lengths of an upper pipe orifice return stroke B and a lower pipe orifice process B'; the running direction of the upper pipe orifice return stroke b is opposite to the welding direction; the lower pipe orifice process b' is the same as the welding direction; the length ratio of the upper pipe orifice return stroke b to the lower pipe orifice process b' is 3-4. See fig. 5.
And an included angle between the welding gun 6 and the axial diameter direction of the pipeline is 90 degrees in the filling welding 4 process. See fig. 6.
S6: the cap welding 5 between the upper nozzle 1 and the lower nozzle 2 is performed by single torch solid wire gas shielded welding.
The welding parameters of the cover welding and the filling welding are the same.
The actuating mechanism of the single welding torch solid welding wire gas shielded welding is two welding trolleys.
The technological parameters of the cover surface welding 5 comprise: the welding voltage is 22V-23.5V, the welding current is 135A-170A, the diameter of a welding wire is 1.0mm, the wire feeding speed is 6.5 m/min-8.5 m/min, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 10 mm-15 mm, the welding speed is 25cm +/-3 cm/min, and the percentage of mixed gas is 75-85/25-15% Ar/CO 2; the swing width W of the welding gun 6 of the cover surface welding 5 in an inverted triangle horizontal swing mode is 3-6 mm, and the swing frequency is 25-35 times/min; the parameters of the swinging running path of the welding gun 6 in an inverted triangle swinging mode are as follows: an included angle a between the transverse swing of the welding gun 6 and the central line of the welding bead is 45-60 degrees, the single swing stepping length B is 3-5 mm, and the single swing stepping length B is equal to the sum of the lengths of an upper pipe orifice return stroke B and a lower pipe orifice process B'; the running direction of the upper pipe orifice return stroke b is opposite to the welding direction; the lower pipe orifice process b' is the same as the welding direction; the length ratio of the upper pipe orifice return stroke b to the lower pipe orifice process b' is 3-4. See fig. 5.
And an included angle between the welding gun 6 and the axial diameter direction of the pipeline is 90 degrees in the cover surface welding process 5. See fig. 6.
The effect of the weld of the pipe joint formed by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 7.
Specifically, the welding gun swing of the filling welding and the cover surface welding both adopt an inverted triangle yaw mode.
It is worth noting that all welding procedures of the method adopt automatic welding technology, thereby greatly improving the construction efficiency and the welding quality, solving the problem of automatic welding of the pipeline in a gradient state,
through one or more embodiments of the present invention, the present invention has the following advantageous effects or advantages:
the invention discloses an all-position welding method for a metal pipeline in a slope state, which is suitable for an outdoor welding construction process of a large-drift-diameter oil and gas long-distance pipeline under a condition of a relief landform of a slope. The method comprises CMT outer root welding, filling welding and cover surface welding, adopts a consistent groove form and an inverted triangle welding gun transverse swing mode aiming at the pipeline all-position welding construction condition in the slope state, eliminates the tendency that the pipeline flows under a welding pool in the slope state, and has flat welding bead forming, thereby effectively solving the problem of non-fusion defect caused by the flow under the welding pool, further solving the problem of automatic pipeline welding in the slope state and greatly improving the welding efficiency and quality.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (9)
1. A method of all-position welding of metal pipes in a state of grade, the method comprising:
performing groove machining on the pipe ends of an upper pipe orifice and a lower pipe orifice of a pipeline to be welded by using a groove machine to form a symmetrical narrow-gap single U-shaped groove;
preheating pipe end grooves of the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice, wherein the preheating temperature is 50-75 ℃, and the preheating range is a welding bead and two sides of the welding bead, wherein the distance between the two sides of the welding bead and the welding bead is 30-50 mm;
utilizing an outer root welding butt joint machine to complete CMT outer root welding between the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice;
performing filling welding between the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice by using single-torch solid welding wire gas shielded welding; wherein the swinging of the welding gun of the filling welding adopts an inverted triangle swinging mode;
performing cover welding between the upper nozzle and the lower nozzle by using the single-torch solid wire gas shielded welding; the welding gun for the cover surface welding swings in an inverted triangle swinging mode;
the parameters of the swinging running path of the welding gun 6 in the inverted triangle yaw mode are as follows: an included angle a between the transverse swing of the welding gun 6 and the central line of the welding bead is 45-60 degrees, the single swing stepping length B is 3-5 mm, and the single swing stepping length B is equal to the sum of the lengths of an upper pipe orifice return stroke B and a lower pipe orifice process B'; the running direction of the upper pipe orifice return stroke b is opposite to the welding direction; the lower pipe orifice process b' is the same as the welding direction; the length ratio of the upper pipe orifice return stroke b to the lower pipe orifice process b' is 3-4.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the narrow gap single U groove has dimensions of: the bevel angle is 5-7 degrees, the arc radius is 3.2mm, the arc transition width is 0.1mm, and the truncated edge height is 1.4mm-1.8 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to preheating the pipe end bevels of the upper and lower nozzles, further comprising:
and positioning, assembling and adjusting the weld gap of the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice by using the outer root welding aligning machine, so that the weld gap k of the two pipe orifices is less than or equal to 1.0mm, and the group error variable c of the two pipe orifices is less than or equal to 1.0 mm.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein prior to positioning, pairing and weld gap adjustment of the upper and lower nozzles with the outer root butt machine, further comprising:
adjusting the working pressure of a hydraulic component of the outer butt welding machine, wherein the hydraulic component comprises: the working pressure of the clamping hydraulic cylinder is 5-10MPa, and the working pressure of the welding seam gap adjusting hydraulic cylinder is 5-10 MPa.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the outer butt welding machine comprises two welding units, and the two welding units are opposite in welding direction and respectively perform downward welding of left and right semi-circles from top to bottom during welding.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the CMT outer root weld comprise: the welding voltage is 12.5V-13.5V, the welding current is 165A-175A, the diameter of a welding wire is 1.0mm, the wire feeding speed is 6.5 m/min-8 m/min, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 10 mm-12 mm, the welding speed is 50cm +/-3 cm/min, the percentage of mixed gas is Ar/CO2= 75-85/25-15, and the flow of the mixed protective gas is 15L/min-25L/min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the fill weld comprise: the welding voltage is 22V-23.5V, the welding current is 135A-170A, the diameter of a welding wire is 1.0mm, the wire feeding speed is 6.5 m/min-8.5 m/min, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 10 mm-15 mm, the welding speed is 25cm +/-3 cm/min, and the percentage of mixed gas is Ar/CO2= 75-85/25-15.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the welding gun swinging of the filling welding adopts an inverted triangle swinging mode, the swinging width W is 3mm-6mm, and the swinging frequency is 25 times/min-35 times/min.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein during the filling welding, the welding torch forms an angle of 90 degrees with the axial diameter direction of the pipe to be welded.
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| CN109514086B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Continuous tube all-position laser welding process method |
| CN110744181A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-04 | 四川石油天然气建设工程有限责任公司 | Automatic welding process for large-diameter long-distance pipeline |
| CN111496352A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-07 | 成都熊谷加世电器有限公司 | Welding method for sloping field pipeline |
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