CN107897602A - A kind of Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment and freezing and concentrating method - Google Patents
A kind of Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment and freezing and concentrating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107897602A CN107897602A CN201810011435.4A CN201810011435A CN107897602A CN 107897602 A CN107897602 A CN 107897602A CN 201810011435 A CN201810011435 A CN 201810011435A CN 107897602 A CN107897602 A CN 107897602A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/02—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation containing fruit or vegetable juices
- A23L2/08—Concentrating or drying of juices
- A23L2/12—Concentrating or drying of juices by freezing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment and freezing and concentrating method, it mainly includes ice crystal and forms transport system, ice-crystal growth piece-rate system and control system three parts；The ice crystal formation transport system forms conveying mechanism by one or more ice crystals and forms；The ice crystal, which forms conveying mechanism, includes helix tube type direct evaporator and refrigeration plant；The ice-crystal growth piece-rate system includes ice-crystal growth separating tank and the ice crystal separating mechanism being arranged in ice-crystal growth separating tank；The control system control device overall operation.The freeze concentration equipment of the present invention can realize the purpose of production and processing in original producton location, it is by ice-crystal growth and disjoint set together in one, and the saving device space is compact-sized, and the accumbency of equipment entirety is set, and center of gravity is low, is moved easily and transports for long-distance；Used helix tube type direct evaporator, goes out ice direction and alternately changes, and ensure that in ice-crystal growth separating tank being uniformly distributed for ice crystal in material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit juice freezing concentrating process equipment and freezing and concentrating method, specifically a kind of Moveable horizontal
Freeze concentration equipment and freezing and concentrating method.
Background technology
In inspissated juice manufacture field, it is concentrated by evaporation and heat sterilization is still that more technology is applied in industry.Many institute's weeks
Know, the fruit juice of this heating power processing, can cause fruit juice nutrient to be lost in significantly, and be also required to expend mass energy guarantee steam confession
Should.With the economic development and improvement of people's living standards, to meet the needs of people are to high-quality fruit juice, freeze in recent years
The processing technology of concentration is increasingly subject to the attention in industry.
Freeze concentration is under normal pressure by cooling down and freezing, and the moisture in food is mutually changed into ice crystal, is then separated
Ice crystal is removed, so as to improve the method for concentration of the concentration of soluble solid in solution.Freeze concentration process is in low temperature environment
（Generally below 0 DEG C）In, avoid thermal decomposition, the volatilization of heat-sensitive ingredients and aroma substance in food, it is suppressed that most of enzyme
Activity, while the propagation of microorganism is suppressed, and reduces pollution and the danger of corruption.At the same time, the energy of freeze concentration disappears
Consumption far below being concentrated by evaporation, has very wide industrial applications prospect in theory.For this reason, people is researched and developed in industry in recent years
Member actively have developed a variety of freeze concentration equipment.Set as ZL201310385420.1 discloses a kind of Novel suspension type freeze concentration
It is standby, including scraper type heat exchanger, liquid distributing pan, ice scraping device, ice crystal undertaking tank, recrystallization tank, ice crystal delivery pipe, ice discharging
Tank, material supplement tank, the lower end of the scraper type heat exchanger are connected with the upper end of ice crystal undertaking tank, and ice crystal accepts the lower end of tank
It is connected with recrystallization tank upper end；Recrystallize and be connected between the top of tank and ice discharging tank by guiding tube, the recrystallization tank
Bottom or side be connected with one end of pipeline I with pump a, the other end of pipeline I and the top phase of scraper type heat exchanger
Company forms material liquid systemic circulatory system.And for example 201520290115.9 a kind of freeze concentration equipment, including tank body are disclosed, it is described
Tank foot is welded with below tank body, the tank body is cylindrical stainless cylinder of steel, and the side wall of tank body is equipped with refrigerant chuck, tank body
Bottom is arc-shaped, and bottom is equipped with heating jacket, and it is wide to be radially vertically alternately welded with some pieces of stainless steel heat conduction on tank madial wall
Plate and heat conduction narrow boards, cover are equipped with peep hole, charging hole, thermal detector, degassing orifice, decelerating motor, are connected with and stir under decelerating motor
Paddle is mixed, tank bottom center is equipped with fast-assembling blind plate slag notch, and its upper part is equipped with strainer, fast-assembling blind plate slag notch center drilling is dense
Contracting liquid and ice-melt water out, tank body are externally provided with polyurethane insulation coating.For another example CN201710641415.0 discloses a kind of integral type
Solution freeze concentration equipment and freezing and concentrating method, its structure include shaving heat exchanger, the shaft in heat exchanger, around turn
Axial screw formula scraper, be connected to shaving heat exchanger opening heat-insulation and heat-preservation crystallization-washing chamber, the wall of shaving heat exchanger is
Wall is freezed, shaft is connected with driving motor, and the axis direction of the shaft is identical with the axis direction of crystallization-washing chamber, crystallization-
The top of washing chamber is equipped with the water tank of precooling washings and discharges the Freeing Pipe of the crystallization-washing room air, water tank and knot
It is equipped with inlet valve between crystalline substance-washing chamber, the cavity of crystallization-washing chamber is equipped with the partition plate of barrier ice crystal, shaving heat exchanger and crystallization-
Outer circulation circuit is connected between washing chamber；Etc..But we can from the equipment of these freeze concentrations reported at present
Arrive, the common feature of existing freeze concentration equipment is higher vertical structure, center of gravity, bulky, complicated, cost and dimension
Shield cost is big compared with high, weight, is unfavorable for long distance transportation, so being only applied at present in the production of medicine, high-grade fruit juice etc..
And for common peasant household, because many-sided reason causes agricultural product particularly fruit, it can not realize direct marketing
And processing, cause a large amount of fruit rots at source, cause huge economic loss, it is estimated that global crop loss exceedes
The 30% of yield；And for fruit juice production enterprise, produced and processed if being transported raw material to destination from the place of production,
This process be easy to cause fruits and vegetables mechanical damage, and cost of transportation is higher so that most enterprises think of high cost and benefit is low, no
It can become interested and show so in one's facial expression.Although occurring the fruit juice production production line of some packaged types currently on the market, can directly by equipment conveying
Directly processed to rapid test paper, but its main feature is that non-concentrated reduction, all uses pasteurization technique substantially, its process equipment face
Product is big, and cost of transportation is still very high, and obtained fruit juice product weak flavor, nutrient composition content are very low.And current freezing is dense
Contracting equipment is also without packaged type, and structure is complex, bulky, center of gravity is high, not compact enough, weight is larger, fortune
It is defeated difficult, not easily shifted and take up a large area.If it is possible to develop a kind of structure it is relatively simple, it is small, light-weight,
Using easy to operate, cost and maintenance cost be low, packaged type, the freeze concentration equipment that is readily transported would is that enterprise, orchard worker
The key point of multi-win is realized with consumer.
The content of the invention
It is existing cold to solve it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment and freezing and concentrating method
Dense contracting device structure is complicated, bulky, center of gravity is high, is not easy to transport, the problem of cost and maintenance cost are high, especially solves fruit
Vegetable original producton location processing difficulties, be difficult to realize the problem of directly processing obtains high-quality inspissated juice in fruit original producton location.
What an object of the present invention was realized in：
A kind of Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment, its mainly include ice crystal formed transport system, ice-crystal growth piece-rate system and
Control system three parts；
The ice crystal, which forms transport system, includes one or more ice crystals formation conveying mechanisms；The ice crystal forms conveying mechanism bag
Include helix tube type direct evaporator and refrigeration plant；The helix tube type direct evaporator is installed in the pipe that accumbency is set
There is the spiral pushing scraper by motor driving and changeable direction of rotation, the outer wall of the pipe is provided with interior logical refrigerant
Coil pipe, the both ends of the coil pipe connect the refrigeration plant, and are respectively provided with one in the tube wall both ends upper side of the pipe
The Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe connected with pipe inner cavity；The ice crystal is formed in transport system, is formed and conveyed at least one ice crystal
Feed inlet and outlet is offered on the downside of the tube wall of mechanism；
The ice-crystal growth piece-rate system is separated including ice-crystal growth separating tank with the ice crystal being arranged in ice-crystal growth separating tank
Mechanism；Offered in the bottom surface of the ice-crystal growth separating tank or side bottom and form conveyer with one or more of ice crystals
The material import and export that the Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe of structure is connected respectively；The ice crystal separating mechanism includes can be in ice-crystal growth point
From the sieve tray that is moved up and down in groove and the sieve tray lifting can go out after liquid level to the ice crystal sifted out strikes off and level pushes to
The ice crystal of ice discharging mouth removes structure；
The control system can control the ice crystal to form the rotating speed of spiral pushing scraper of transport system, direction of rotation and described
The start and stop of refrigeration plant, and can control the moving up and down for sieve tray of the ice-crystal growth piece-rate system to remove structure with ice crystal
Ice crystal Level Promoting scraper action.
The Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment, the control system are automation control system, the automation
Control system includes PLC, encoder, limit switch, frequency converter and temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is arranged at described
Bottom in ice-crystal growth separating tank.
The Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment, the sieve tray that can be moved up and down in ice-crystal growth separating tank
It is to drive it to move up and down equipped with down-feed screw in ice-crystal growth separating tank, the down-feed screw is driven by the first motor.
The Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment, the ice crystal remove the top that structure is located at the sieve tray, institute
It is to be equipped with the push for being driven and being moved back and forth by horizontal lead screw in the ice-crystal growth separating tank to separate to state ice crystal and remove structure
Plate, the push separating plate strikes off the ice crystal that liquid level is risen from after the sieve tray lifting and level is pushed at ice discharging mouth；
The horizontal lead screw is driven by the second motor.
The moving horizontal freeze concentration equipment, the limit switch include being used to determine that the sieve tray hangs down respectively
Second limit switch of the first limit switch of straight position origin and the push separating plate horizontal level origin；The encoder
For counting motor turnning circle, including the first encoder on the first motor output shaft and positioned at the second motor output shaft
On second encoder；The PLC is calculated according to the data of the encoder transmission, and then controls institute according to result of calculation
State the stroke distances of sieve tray and the push separating plate；The temperature sensor is used to determine that temperature of charge changes, the PLC
Obtain material concentration indirectly according to temperature change to change and calculate to obtain ice crystal content, start the ice-crystal growth point so as to control
From system.
What the second object of the present invention was realized in：
A kind of freezing and concentrating method based on the equipment, includes the following steps：
（1）Feed inlet and outlet through the equipment is pumped into be concentrated into the helix tube type direct evaporator of ice crystal formation conveying mechanism
Material, while the refrigeration plant that the ice crystal forms conveying mechanism is opened, so that material to be concentrated is directly being steamed by helix tube type
Temperature reduces after sending out device；Material to be concentrated is persistently pumped into, material enters ice-crystal growth separating tank through helix tube type direct evaporator,
When material liquid surface in ice-crystal growth separating tank reaches certain altitude, stop being pumped into；
（2）Charging finishes, and starts ice crystal and forms course of conveying：The spiral pushing scraper for controlling the ice crystal to be formed in conveying mechanism
Rotate forward, after a period of time, control the spiral pushing scraper to rotate backward, then controlled again after a period of time described spiral
Push scraper rotates forward, and is so repeated；The spiral pushing scraper rotate forward or counter rotation in, refrigeration is set
It is standby to keep it turned on；
（3）Step（2）During progress, at regular intervals, start ice crystal separating mechanism, start ice discharging process：First start
One motor, control down-feed screw drive the upward lifting of sieve tray to go out liquid level, to the height flushed with ice discharging mouth, close the first electricity
Machine, then starts the second motor, the horizontal lead screw that control ice crystal removes structure drives push separating plate to move forward, by sieve tray
On the ice crystal that sifts out push to forward at the ice discharging mouth on ice-crystal growth separating tank, ice crystal is discharged from ice discharging mouth；After ice discharging, control
Horizontal lead screw processed drives push separating plate to be moved rearwardly into spacing place stopping after horizontal direction, closes the second motor, then again
Start the first motor, control down-feed screw drives sieve tray to be moved downward at vertical direction lower limit to stop, and is then shut off the
One motor；
（4）When material concentration is concentrated into expectation concentration in ice-crystal growth separating tank, by the material after concentration again through feed inlet and outlet
Place's discharge, collects concentration material, pass hull closure.
Invention removes refrigerant pump circulation system, change the conventional indirect evaporating heat exchanger of freeze concentration equipment, with
And remove the pumping system that material circulates in heat exchanger so that the freeze concentration equipment is compacter.
The freeze concentration equipment of the present invention be packaged type, can realize production and processing in original producton location, it is by ice-crystal growth
And separation process collection changes the conventional structure that works independently, the saving device space is compact-sized, and equipment together in one
Overall accumbency is set, and center of gravity is low, is moved easily and transports for long-distance, and is more suitable for original producton location being produced and processed；Used spiral shell
Coil formula direct evaporator, compared to general freeze concentration equipment, realizes material and alternately flows, go out ice direction and alternately change, protect
Being uniformly distributed for ice crystal in material is demonstrate,proved in ice-crystal growth separating tank.
The equipment of the present invention, which not only realizes, directly processes the purpose of fruit juice in fruit original producton location, and utilization rate of equipment and installations is high
And can farthest retain fruit color, smell and taste and nutriment, the thickening efficiency of juice is effectively increased, can also be applied
In the concentration of other various thermal sensitivity liquid, such as milk, millet paste, original liquid concentration scope can be 2% ~ 10%, after concentration
Concentration is up to 20% ~ 45%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present device overall structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the ice crystal of present device forms transport system and ice-crystal growth piece-rate system opposed configuration schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the ice-crystal growth piece-rate system structure diagram of present device.
Fig. 4 is the ice-crystal growth separating tank inner structure schematic diagram of the ice-crystal growth piece-rate system of present device.
Fig. 5 is that the ice crystal of present device forms the ice crystal formation conveying mechanism structure diagram of transport system.
Fig. 6 is the temperature of freeze concentration process materials and the linear relationship chart of concentration.
In Fig. 1-5：1st, ice crystal forms conveying mechanism, and 2, ice-crystal growth piece-rate system, 3, automation control system, 4, refrigeration
Equipment, 5, copper pipe, 6, Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe, 7, pipe, 8, spiral pushing scraper, 9, ice-crystal growth separating tank, 10, material into
Outlet, 11, sieve tray, the 12, first driving-chain, 13, ice discharging mouth, 14, down-feed screw, 15, horizontal lead screw, 16, horizontal guide rail,
17th, the first motor, the 18, second driving-chain, the 19, second motor, 20, push separating plate, 21, wheel, 22, pedestal, the 23, the 3rd electricity
Machine, 24, feed inlet and outlet.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment of the present invention is a kind of modular, the movable equipment of centre of gravity, its overall structure
As shown in Figure 1, its integrally mainly to form transport system, ice-crystal growth piece-rate system 2 and automation control system 3 three by ice crystal big
Part is formed, which is installed on a pedestal 22 with wheel 21.
Ice crystal forms lower section or the side-lower that transport system may be disposed at ice-crystal growth piece-rate system 2, as shown in Fig. 2, root
According to the design and requirement to equipment scale, the ice crystal of every equipment formed transport system can be formed by one or more ice crystals it is defeated
Mechanism 1 is sent to form.Ice crystal forms conveying mechanism 1（Referring to Fig. 5）It is made of helix tube type direct evaporator and refrigeration plant 4.Spiral shell
Coil formula direct evaporator is that spiral pushing scraper 8 is provided with the pipe 7 that accumbency is set, spiral pushing scraper 8 by
The driving of 3rd motor 23 rotates, and can carry out alternate rotation counterclockwise, clockwise according to system command；On the outer wall of pipe 7, spiral shell
Capstan is wound with the copper pipe 5 of interior logical refrigerant, and the both ends connection refrigeration plant 4 of copper pipe 5, can be also embedded in pipe 7 by stainless steel sink
Refrigerant flow channel is formed on outer wall；A Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe 6, thing are respectively provided with the tube wall both ends upper side of pipe 7
Material is cycling in and out pipe 6 and is connected with 7 inner cavity of pipe.Conveying mechanism 1 is formed as every equipment is only provided with an ice crystal, then in the ice
Crystalline substance forms in 7 one end lower wall of pipe of conveying mechanism 1 and opens up a feed inlet and outlet 24；As every equipment is provided with multiple ice crystals
Formed conveying mechanism 1, then at least one of which ice crystal formed conveying mechanism 17 one end lower wall of pipe on open up one into
Discharge port 24.
The structure of ice-crystal growth piece-rate system 2 is located away from one as shown in figure 3, it collects ice-crystal growth, by ice-crystal growth point
Formed from groove 9 and the ice crystal separating mechanism being arranged in ice-crystal growth separating tank 9.Ice-crystal growth separating tank 9 is a rectangle
It is corresponding that groove, the bottom surface of groove or side bottom offer one group of Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe 6 formed with each ice crystal on conveying mechanism 1
And the material import and export 10 of connection, passed in and out for the liquid material in the pipe 7 of helix tube type direct evaporator；Material import and export 10
There is valve at place, can control mass flow；In addition, upper cover is equipped with ice-crystal growth separating tank 9.In ice-crystal growth separating tank 9
Ice crystal separating mechanism is by the sieve tray 11 that can be moved up and down in ice-crystal growth separating tank 9 and for will be sieved after 11 lifting of sieve tray
The ice crystal that the ice crystal gone out strikes off removes structure and forms.The sieve tray 11 that can be moved up and down in ice-crystal growth separating tank 9 is in ice
Four corners are provided with four down-feed screws 14 in crystals growth separating tank 9, and ice-crystal growth separation is stretched out in four 14 lower ends of down-feed screw
The bottom plate of groove 9, is driven by the first driving-chain 12 and is driven through the first motor 17 and realize synchronous rotation, sieve tray 11 is overall in length
Square, the corner of sieve tray 11 is supported by the rectangular support frame being connected on down-feed screw 14, rectangular support frame by two root longs not
What rust steel square tube was welded with five short stainless steel square tube, four angles of the rectangular support frame are fixed on by four stainless steel ox horns
Down-feed screw 14 is with side angle nut；11 lifting of sieve tray or decline are driven so as to fulfill by down-feed screw 14, sieve tray 11
Aperture is 3 ~ 5mm.The first limit switch is equipped with 14 vertical direction of down-feed screw and on 17 output shaft of the first motor
The first encoder, to realize the fixed point location of 11 height of sieve tray.It is on ice-crystal growth separating tank 9 is interior that ice crystal, which removes structure,
Portion, for the ice crystal for rising from material liquid surface to be removed in the horizontal direction；It is to be equipped with horizontal silk in the horizontal direction that ice crystal, which removes structure,
Bar 15 and horizontal guide rail 16, as shown in figure 4, push separating plate 20 is arranged between two horizontal guide rails being arranged in parallel 16, and
Link with push separating plate 20, the second motor 19 provides power and drives horizontal lead screw 15 to rotate through the second driving-chain 18, Jin Ershi
Now push separating plate 20 is moved back and forth along horizontal guide rail 16；It is pushing knife to push 20 lower end of separating plate, for striking off and pushing ice
It is brilliant to being arranged at the ice discharging mouth 13 opened up on ice-crystal growth separating tank 9.The movement of horizontal lead screw 15 passes through encoder, accurate to calculate
Stroke, is equipped with the second limit switch and the second volume on 19 output shaft of the second motor in 15 horizontal direction of horizontal lead screw
Code device, to realize the fixed point location of push separating plate 20.
Ice crystal forms transport system and the course of work of ice-crystal growth piece-rate system 2 is all controlled by automation control system 3
System；Automation control system 3 is by PLC, encoder, limit switch, frequency converter and temperature sensor（It is arranged at ice-crystal growth point
From bottom in groove 9）Composition, automatically controls and controls two kinds of different operating modes manually.Automation control system 3 uses
Modbus Communication Controls, can freely set the lifting of sieve tray 11 and push the back-and-forth motion speed of separating plate 20, position etc..Compile
Code device（That is the first encoder and second encoder）Stroke is measured, the bound of device travel can be set, and ensure walking safety, sieve aperture
Plate 11 and push separating plate 20 return origin, are controlled using multistage speed.Frequency converter adjusts screw（Horizontal lead screw 15 and down-feed screw
14）The speed of movement, and sieve tray 11 and push separating plate 20 close to purpose apart from when, by gradual frequency conversion, make sieve aperture
Plate 11 and push separating plate 20 slowly stop.Temperature sensor, which collects temperature of charge in ice-crystal growth separating tank 9, to be changed, according to
Following methods are calculated, and obtain the ice crystal quality at different moments in ice-crystal growth separating tank, start ice crystal separating mechanism.
According to temperature sensor collecting temperature, ice crystal quality in ice-crystal growth separating tank is calculated indirectly, illustrates
It is as follows：
During freeze concentration, there are such relation for material system：
MT=ML+MS, formula is 1.
Formula 1. in, MTRepresent material gross mass, MLRepresent liquid quality, MSRepresent ice crystal quality；
Total dissoluble solid has following relation in fruit juice：
MTCT =MLCL+MSCS, formula is 2.
Formula 2. in, CTRepresent fruit juice initial concentration；CLRepresent concentration of juices concentration；CSRepresent concentration of soluble solids in ice crystal.
1. formula is arranged after
ML = MT - MS, formula is 3.
3. formula is substituted into formula 2. obtain：
MTCT =(MT-MS)CL+MSCS=MTCL-MSCL+MSCS=MTCL-MS(CL-CS)
The transposition of above-mentioned equation is arranged：
MS=MT(CL-CT)/(CL-CS), formula is 4.
From formula 4. in can be seen that, if it is known that MT、CT、CL、CSNumerical value, ice crystal mass M can be calculatedS, wherein MTIt is initial for fruit juice
Gross mass, can calculate or measure, CTInitial soluble solid content, C can be measured using refractometerSFor 1-1.5 ° of Brix
（Experiment measures）, it may be set to constant, and CLFor the concentration of concentration of juices, continuous with freeze concentration carries out, and concentration is continuous
Increase.If C can be obtainedLValue, you can obtain ice crystal mass M indirectlyS。
In freeze concentration process, there are linear relationship, T=- 16.12*C with concentration for temperatureL+ 0.842, CL= 0.062*T-
0.0522, as shown in fig. 6, under temperature constantly reduction, material concentration constantly raises data result.
If measure the temperature at fruit juice moment, you can the initial concentration of fruit juice is learnt, so that fruit 4. be calculated according to formula
Ice crystal mass M in the presence of juiceS,
MS=MT(0.062*T-0.0522-CT)/( 0.062*T-0.0522-CS)
For example, fruit juice gross mass MTFor 2000Kg, in certain moment CLFor 15 ° of Brix, temperature is -1.57 DEG C, when concentration proceeds to
At next moment, measure temperature as -1.84 DEG C, according to formula MS=MT(0.062*T-0.0522-CT)/( 0.062*T-
0.0522-CS) understand there is the ice crystal of 200Kg in ice-crystal growth separating tank.
When ice crystal quality reaches respective value, you can start the ice crystal separating mechanism in ice crystal piece-rate system, separate ice
It is brilliant.
Based on last time ice crystal separating resulting, initial value at the time of ice crystal is separated as next time, then again according to temperature
The temperature that degree sensor collects, calculates the quality of next moment separation ice crystal, continuous loop iteration, until freeze concentration knot
Beam.
Embodiment 2
Utilize the equipment of the present invention（Design capacity is 2 tons in this example）, to 10 tons of fresh watermelon raw materials, being obtained after squeezing the juice
The fresh squeezing watermelon juice that 6 tons of initial concentrations are 7 ~ 9 ° of Brix（Concentration is with the densimeter of soluble solid）Carry out freeze concentration, tool
Body implementation process is as follows：
（1）The valve at the material import and export 10 of feed inlet and outlet 24 and ice-crystal growth separating tank 9 is opened, is 7 ~ 9 ° of Brix by concentration
Fresh watermelon juice, be pumped at the feed inlet and outlet 24 of helix tube type direct evaporator, charging maximum stream flow can reach 1200kg/h,
While charging, the supporting refrigeration plant 4 of helix tube type direct evaporator is opened, the fresh watermelon juice for making to squeeze out passes through evaporator
Temperature reduces afterwards, watermelon juice is in low temperature environment；Treat that material reaches maximum in ice-crystal growth separating tank 9 and accommodates liquid level, that is, hold
Amount reaches 2000Kg, closes feed pump, terminates charging.
If equipment is provided with two or more ice crystals and forms conveying mechanism 1, treat that watermelon juice separates 9 grooves flow direction from ice-crystal growth
During other helix tube type direct evaporator, the supporting refrigeration refrigeration plant 4 of other helix tube type direct evaporators is opened.
（2）Charging finishes, and controls ice crystal to form course of conveying by automation control system 3：Automatic running pattern is opened, is opened
Dynamic 3rd motor 23, the 3rd motor driving pipe 7 inside spin push scraper 8 rotate, and spiral pushing scraper to carry in pipe 7
The short grained material of ice crystal is discharged into ice-crystal growth separating tank 9 from one end Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe 6, while ice-crystal growth separating tank
Material in 9 returns to progress decrease temperature crystalline process in helix tube type direct evaporator from the Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe 6 of the other end；Fortune
After a certain period of time, automatically control rotates backward spiral pushing scraper 8 to row, is accumulated to avoid ice crystal at Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe 6
Formed and blocked.
（3）Step（2）During progress, the small crystal ice granule in ice-crystal growth separating tank 9 is grown up, every 1 ~ 1.5
Hour, controlled by automation control system 3 and start ice discharging process：Set corresponding sports time or movement travel, displacement distance can
It is 1500 ~ 1520mm, 420 ~ 440mm of sieve plate move distance to set push separating plate 20 to move ultimate range；Open automatic running
Pattern, starts the first motor 17, drives down-feed screw 14 that 11 lifting of sieve tray is gone out liquid level, until reaching ice discharging mouth 13, automatically
The first motor 17 of 14 operation of down-feed screw is closed, stops starting the second motor 19 of 15 operation of horizontal lead screw, band every 30s ~ 1min
Dynamic horizontal lead screw 15, makes push separating plate 20 travel forward, and promotes ice crystal to advance, until push separating plate 20 moves to setting
Stroke, stops 2s；Then the second motor 19 drives 15 counter motion of horizontal lead screw, and push separating plate 20 moves backward, until arriving
Stop afterwards at Horizontal limiting；Then 17 automatic start of the first motor of down-feed screw 14 is controlled, drives down-feed screw 14 to rotate, makes
Sieve tray 11 moves downward, until arriving vertical direction lower limit, completes an ice discharging process, ice discharging amount is every up to 150 ~ 200Kg
It is secondary.
The ice crystal of corrresponding quality is often discharged, the fresh original fruit juice of corresponding mass will be supplemented again.So operate, can obtain repeatedly
Melon fruitade to concentration for 40 ~ 45 ° of Brix, gained melon fruitade is discharged by feed inlet and outlet 24, in the ice crystal discharged
Entrainment concentration is 1-1.5 ° of Brix.The equipment and technique of the present invention remains the fresh flavor of watermelon juice, nutrition to greatest extent
Retention rate is more than 90%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment, it is characterized in that, it mainly includes ice crystal and forms transport system, ice-crystal growth
Piece-rate system and control system three parts；
The ice crystal, which forms transport system, includes one or more ice crystals formation conveying mechanisms；The ice crystal forms conveying mechanism bag
Include helix tube type direct evaporator and refrigeration plant；The helix tube type direct evaporator is installed in the pipe that accumbency is set
There is the spiral pushing scraper by motor driving and changeable direction of rotation, the outer wall of the pipe is provided with interior logical refrigerant
Coil pipe, the both ends of the coil pipe connect the refrigeration plant, and are respectively provided with one in the tube wall both ends upper side of the pipe
The Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe connected with pipe inner cavity；The ice crystal is formed in transport system, and the circle of conveying mechanism is formed in ice crystal
Feed inlet and outlet is offered on the downside of tube wall；
The ice-crystal growth piece-rate system is separated including ice-crystal growth separating tank with the ice crystal being arranged in ice-crystal growth separating tank
Mechanism；Offered in the bottom surface of the ice-crystal growth separating tank or side bottom and form conveyer with one or more of ice crystals
The material import and export that the Matter Transfer inlet/outlet pipe of structure is connected respectively；The ice crystal separating mechanism includes can be in ice-crystal growth point
From the sieve tray that is moved up and down in groove and the sieve tray lifting can go out after liquid level to the ice crystal sifted out strikes off and level pushes to
The ice crystal of ice discharging mouth removes structure；
The control system can control the ice crystal to form the rotating speed of spiral pushing scraper of transport system, direction of rotation and described
The start and stop of refrigeration plant, and can control the moving up and down for sieve tray of the ice-crystal growth piece-rate system to remove structure with ice crystal
Ice crystal Level Promoting scraper action.
2. Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the control system is automation
Control system, the automation control system includes PLC, encoder, limit switch, frequency converter and temperature sensor, described
Temperature sensor is arranged at bottom in the ice-crystal growth separating tank.
3. Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described to be separated in ice-crystal growth
The sieve tray moved up and down in groove is that the down-feed screw being equipped with ice-crystal growth separating tank drives it to move up and down, described vertical
Screw is driven by the first motor.
4. the Moveable horizontal freeze concentration equipment according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, the ice crystal removes structure
Positioned at the top of the sieve tray, it is to be equipped with the ice-crystal growth separating tank by horizontal lead screw band that the ice crystal, which removes structure,
Dynamic and back-and-forth motion push separating plate, the push separating plate strike off the ice crystal that liquid level is risen from after the sieve tray lifting
And level is pushed at ice discharging mouth；The horizontal lead screw is driven by the second motor.
5. moving horizontal freeze concentration equipment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the limit switch includes being used for
Determine respectively sieve tray upright position origin the first limit switch and the push separating plate horizontal level origin the
Two limit switches；The encoder is used to count motor turnning circle, including the first coding on the first motor output shaft
Device and the second encoder on the second motor output shaft；The PLC is calculated according to the data of the encoder transmission,
And then the stroke distances of the sieve tray and the push separating plate are controlled according to result of calculation；The temperature sensor is used for true
Determining temperature of charge change, the PLC obtains material concentration according to temperature change indirectly to be changed and calculates to obtain ice crystal content, so that
Control starts the ice-crystal growth piece-rate system.
6. a kind of freezing and concentrating method based on equipment described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
（1）Feed inlet and outlet through the equipment is pumped into be concentrated into the helix tube type direct evaporator of ice crystal formation conveying mechanism
Material, while the refrigeration plant that the ice crystal forms conveying mechanism is opened, so that material to be concentrated is directly being steamed by helix tube type
Temperature reduces after sending out device；Material to be concentrated is persistently pumped into, material enters ice-crystal growth separating tank through helix tube type direct evaporator,
When material liquid surface in ice-crystal growth separating tank reaches certain altitude, stop being pumped into；
（2）Charging finishes, and starts ice crystal and forms course of conveying：The spiral pushing scraper for controlling the ice crystal to be formed in conveying mechanism
Rotate forward, after a period of time, control the spiral pushing scraper to rotate backward, then controlled again after a period of time described spiral
Push scraper rotates forward, and is so repeated；The spiral pushing scraper rotate forward or counter rotation in, refrigeration is set
It is standby to keep it turned on；
（3）Step（2）During progress, at regular intervals, start ice crystal separating mechanism, start ice discharging process：First start
One motor, control down-feed screw drive the upward lifting of sieve tray to go out liquid level, to the height flushed with ice discharging mouth, close the first electricity
Machine, then starts the second motor, the horizontal lead screw that control ice crystal removes structure drives push separating plate to move forward, by sieve tray
On the ice crystal that sifts out push to forward at the ice discharging mouth on ice-crystal growth separating tank, ice crystal is discharged from ice discharging mouth；After ice discharging, control
Horizontal lead screw processed drives push separating plate to be moved rearwardly into spacing place stopping after horizontal direction, closes the second motor, then again
Start the first motor, control down-feed screw drives sieve tray to be moved downward at vertical direction lower limit to stop, and is then shut off the
One motor；
（4）When material concentration is concentrated into expectation concentration in ice-crystal growth separating tank, by the material after concentration again through feed inlet and outlet
Place's discharge, collects concentration material, pass hull closure.
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| CN201810011435.4A CN107897602B (en) | 2018-01-05 | 2018-01-05 | Movable horizontal type freeze concentration equipment and freeze concentration method |
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| CN201810011435.4A CN107897602B (en) | 2018-01-05 | 2018-01-05 | Movable horizontal type freeze concentration equipment and freeze concentration method |
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| CN107897602B CN107897602B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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| CN107897602B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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