CN107887664B - A kind of lead-acid accumulator microcirculation formation method - Google Patents
A kind of lead-acid accumulator microcirculation formation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107887664B CN107887664B CN201710874409.XA CN201710874409A CN107887664B CN 107887664 B CN107887664 B CN 107887664B CN 201710874409 A CN201710874409 A CN 201710874409A CN 107887664 B CN107887664 B CN 107887664B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lead-acid accumulator microcirculation formation methods, belong to lead-acid accumulator manufacturing technology field.The formation method carries out under conditions of no recirculated water, according to the conversion situation of active material inside pole plate in formation process, by the way of being charged and discharged combination, and multi-step chemical conversion.Initial stage, it is melted into using low current, since second step by the way of the charging of constant-current charge combination gradient, when constant-current charge is to a certain degree, it polarizes larger, microcirculation charging (short time charge and discharge alternate cycles) is changed at this time, and depolarising can make electric energy more be converted to chemical energy.Wherein the 4th step is filled with more electricity, and unconverted substance in pole plate is made to be fully converted into available active material.The present invention uses multiple discharge and microcirculation charge and discharge electrical depolarization, to control entire formation process temperature no more than 45 DEG C, realizes no recirculated water chemical conversion, save cost of water treatment reduces labor intensity simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lead-acid accumulator manufacturing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of lead-acid accumulator microcirculation side of being internalized into
Method.
Background technique
Currently, lead-acid accumulator remains one of most widely used battery, and being melted into is lead-acid accumulator manufacturing process
In a step important process, the quality of chemical conversion directly affects the performance of lead-acid accumulator.
Lead-acid accumulator chemical conversion is divided into tank formation and is internalized into two ways.Since tank formation environmental pollution is larger, mesh
Preceding most of companies are all made of environmentally protective formation method.
At present be internalized into technology be usually used constant current repeatedly charge, discharge up to be melted into terminate.Chemical conversion is usually adopted early period
With lasting charging modes, but battery can generate amount of heat, and electrolyte temperature is caused to increase, moisture loss, sulfuric acid density liter
Height, formation efficiency reduces, and battery temperature is excessively high, will affect battery cryogenic property, and on the other hand, temperature is excessively high, generates sulphur
Lead plumbate crystallization is big, and polarization is big, hardly possible chemical conversion.Pulse technique can depolarize, and improve charge efficiency, but pulsing unit investment is larger.
Since constant-current charge polarization is big, there is quite a few electricity to be used to decompose water, formation process need to be filled with electricity compared with
More, the electric energy of formation process consumption is huge.Industrial production needs 96 hours or so using the constant current chemical conversion used time at present, limitation
The promotion of production capacity.
It being internalized into charging process, early period, the lead plaster of sulphur acid and alkaline chemically reacted, amount of heat is released, in addition in
Hinder larger, generate a large amount of Joule heats, composite factor increases battery temperature rapidly, in order to prevent temperature it is excessively high cause it is cell performance
It can deteriorate, each producer is all made of recirculated water and cools down, a kind of electric power storage as disclosed in 104393323 A of patent document CN
Pond chemical synthesizing method reduces temperature using the circulator bath type of cooling in charging process, and temperature is maintained at 8 DEG C Celsius~58 DEG C models
In enclosing.But utilize the capital investment of type of cooling needs increase cooling equipment and recycling equipment of recirculated cooling water;Separately
Outside, the water after circulation, which must be handled, reaches certain index and could use, and cost of water treatment is higher.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, developing one kind without circulating water cooling, the method that can be improved formation efficiency can be solved effectively
Certainly high production cost, the problems such as production capacity is low in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of lead-acid accumulator formation method, dropped in formation process without recirculated water
Temperature, and can be improved formation efficiency.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of lead-acid accumulator microcirculation chemical synthesizing method is added electrolyte into battery to be changed and is placed in cold bath,
It takes out after battery temperature is down to 15-35 DEG C, is melted under the conditions of no recirculated water, comprising the following steps:
(1) 0.1-0.2C charges to battery voltage and reaches 2.75-2.9V/ single lattice, is discharged to and reaches final voltage;
(2) 0.2-0.3C charges to 2.65-2.9V/ single lattice;Again with charging current 0.2-0.3C, discharge current 0.18-
0.12C, charge and discharge alternate cycles carry out 8-9h, are discharged to and reach final voltage;
(3) 0.2-0.3C charges to 2.65-2.9V/ single lattice;Again with charging current 0.2-0.3C, discharge current 0.18-
0.12C, charge and discharge alternate cycles carry out 6-7h, are discharged to and reach final voltage;
(4) 0.2-0.3C charges to 2.65-2.9V/ single lattice;Again with charging current 0.2-0.3C, discharge current 0.08-
0.12C, after charge and discharge alternate cycles carry out 10-12h, 0.1-0.2C charging 2-3h is discharged to and reaches final voltage;
(5) 0.2-0.3C charges to 2.65-2.9V/ single lattice;Again with charging current 0.2-0.3C, discharge current 0.08-
0.12C, after charge and discharge alternate cycles carry out 6-7h;0.1-0.2C charging 1-2h;
(6) floating charge is to voltage stabilization.
After battery acid adding to be changed, inside battery acid-base reaction can generate amount of heat, cold bath can fast endothermic, keep away
Exempt from inside battery because of the excessively high influence active material configuration of temperature.Cold water bath temperature is 0~20 DEG C, and water temperature is unsuitable high, is otherwise cooled down
Effect is poor, extends cold bath standing time.
Preferably, the electrolyte temperature used is no more than 15 DEG C.Electrolyte temperature is higher, and internal heating after battery is added
It is faster, even if subsequent cooling internal temperature of battery is still higher.
The present invention adds electrolyte using vacuum, vacuumizes 2-6 times, adds in 0.5-3min.Cold water is statically placed in after acid adding
1-4h in bath.It is taken out after battery temperature is less than 35 DEG C, at room temperature charging chemical conversion, if initial stage battery temperature is excessively high,
Subsequent charge process bulk temperature can be higher, is unfavorable for effective progress of chemical conversion.
The present invention is by adjusting chemical conversion step, so that battery temperature is controlled always at 45 DEG C hereinafter, avoiding occurring because of inside
Temperature excessively high the case where causing battery performance to deteriorate.
Conversion situation of the present invention according to active material inside pole plate in formation process, the side combined using charging and discharging
Formula, multi-step chemical conversion charge to a certain extent in each step, start to discharge when polarizing larger, eliminate polarization, avoid excess moisture
Loss keeps sulfuric acid density in reduced levels, and chemical conversion is faster.After electric discharge, electrode interior sulfuric acid leading crystal is smaller, activity
Height is easy dissolution, is charged using larger current constant mode, accelerates lead sulfate and is changed into brown lead oxide, prevents from generating being difficult to convert
Biggish sulfuric acid leading crystal.
In step (1), using low current charge.Due to being melted into initial stage, battery pole plates are substantially non-conductive, and Ohmic resistance compares
Greatly, the Joule heat of generation is more, and therefore, chemical conversion early period is melted into using low current, forms conductive material, is then carried out using larger current
Charging, can not only reduce electric current heat production, but also can reduce the charging time.
Preferably, being carried out in two steps charging, successively in step (1) are as follows: 0.1-0.125C charging 5-8h, 0.15-0.2C
Charge 6-8h.
Since step (2), by the way of the charging of constant-current charge combination gradient, wherein gradient charging uses microcirculation side
Formula.It when constant-current charge to 2.65-2.9V/ single lattice, polarizes larger, generates amount of heat and electrolysis water, current efficiency is low, turns at this time
It charges (short time charge and discharge alternate cycles) at microcirculation, there is depolarization effect, electric energy can be made more to be converted to chemistry
Energy.
Preferably, in step (2)-(5), charge and discharge alternating cyclical process in two stages, first stage: 0.25C
Charge 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles;Second stage: 0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min fills
Electric discharge alternate cycles.
Electric current microcirculation again is reduced after first time microcirculation, according to Mas law, is charged using low charging modes
It is more efficient.The charging current of second of microcirculation is smaller, although the time used is long, the heat generated is expanded in time
It dissipates, effectively avoids temperature excessively high.
In step (4), it is filled with more electricity, unconverted substance in pole plate is on the one hand made to be fully converted into available work
Property substance, on the other hand, so that electrolyte is reached required density, reach the voltage of requirement.
In step (4) and (5), increases low current constant-current charge after microcirculation charge and discharge, make unconverted substance in pole plate
Sufficiently conversion, especially surface is difficult to the lead sulfate converted.
The present invention is combined using whole electric discharge and microcirculation electric discharge, and dehydration is less, and sour density increases relatively small, chemical conversion
Faster, charge acceptance on the one hand can be improved in speed, on the other hand has time enough cooling, avoids internal temperature of battery
It is excessively high, it is discharged to final voltage 1.67~2V/ single lattice every time.Preferably, being put in step (1)-(4) with 0.25-0.5C constant current
Electricity is to reaching final voltage.More preferably, in step (2)-(4), with 0.5C constant-current discharge.
Preferably, it is described be internalized into the following steps are included:
(1) 0.1-0.125C charging 5-8h, 0.15-0.2C charging 6-8h, 0.25-0.5C electric discharge 0.5-1h;
(2) 0.25C charging 0.5h;With 0.25C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 4.5-5h;Again
With 0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3.5-4h;0.5C electric discharge 1-1.2h;
(3) 0.25C charging 2h;With 0.25C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3-3.5h;Again with
0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3-3.5h;0.5C electric discharge 1.4-1.6h;
(4) 0.25C charging 3h;With 0.25C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 2.5-3h;Again with
0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 8-8.5h;0.15C charging 2-3h;0.5C electric discharge 2-2.1h;
(5) 0.25C charging 3h;With 0.25C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3-3.5h;Again with
0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3-3.5h;0.15C charging 1-2h;
(6) 0.025C charging 1-2h, takes out acid, and chemical conversion is completed.
C refers to battery rated capacity in the above process.
It is that the present invention has the utility model has the advantages that
(1) chemical synthesis technology of the present invention is melted into using multistep charge and discharge, initial stage is melted into, using low current charge, by electric conductivity
Bad substance is converted into conductive material, while reducing electric current heat production.
(2) multiple discharge and microcirculation charge and discharge electrical depolarization are used, is increased to control temperature in formation process, entirely
Formation process temperature is no more than 45 DEG C, realizes no recirculated water chemical conversion, save cost of water treatment reduces labor intensity simultaneously.Charging
Amount is 8.1-8.5 times of rated capacity, reduces chemical conversion energy consumption.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Battery model: 6-DZM-12
9 DEG C of battery acid adding temperature, acid adding density 1.250g/ml.Using vacuum acid adding machine automatical dosing, vacuum degree
0.05MPa takes out 5 vacuum.After acid adding, the static 2h in 10 DEG C of cooling waters, taking-up is melted at room temperature.
The 8h step 1: 1.5A charges, 1.8A charging 7h, 3A electric discharge 0.5h;
The 0.5h step 2: 3A charges;Then 3A fills 9min, and 1.2A puts 1min, recycles 5h;3A fills 9min, and 1.2A puts 1min,
Recycle 3.5h;6A electric discharge 1h;
The 2h step 3: 3A charges;Then 3A fills 9min, and 1.2A puts 1min, recycles 3.5h;3A fills 9min, and 1.2A puts 1min,
Recycle 3.5h;6A electric discharge 1.5h;
The 3h step 4: 3A charges;Then 3A fills 9min, and 1.2A puts 1min, recycles 2.5h;3A fills 9min, and 1.2A puts 1min,
Recycle 8.5h;1.8A charging 2h;6A electric discharge 2h;
The 3h step 5: 3A charges;Then 3A fills 9min, and 1.2A puts 1min, recycles 3h;3A fills 9min, and 1.2A puts 1min, follows
Ring 3h;1.8A charging 2h;
Step 6: 0.3A charging 2h takes out acid.Complete Battery formation.
Performance detection is carried out to the battery after chemical conversion, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Technique | 2hr capacity/Ah | Voltage/V | - 15 DEG C of low temperature/min | 100%DOD/ times |
Prior art | 12.6-13.2 | 13.25-13.30 | 94-100 | 400-500 |
This technique | 12.6-13.2 | 13.23-13.27 | 94-100 | 450-550 |
Prior art in upper table is as follows: 1,1.8A fills 3h, and 3A fills 7.5h, and 3.6A puts 0.5h;2,3A fills 2.5h, and 3.6A is put
1h;3,3A fills 3.0h, and 4.8A puts 1h;4,3A fills 3.5h, and 4.8A puts 1h;5,3A fills 4.0h, and 4.8A puts 1.25h;6,3A fills 4.0h,
4.8A puts 1.25h;7,3A fills 6.0h, and 1.8A fills 4h, and 6A puts 2h;8,3A fills 6.0h, and 1.2A fills 7.5h;9,0.2A fills 2.5h pumping
Acid completes Battery formation.
The prior art charging time is long, and formation process battery polarization is big, and the heat of generation is larger, it is necessary to use recirculated water cooling
But.
Embodiment 2
Battery model: 6-DZM-20
9 DEG C of battery acid adding temperature, acid adding density 1.250g/ml. use vacuum acid adding machine automatical dosing, vacuum degree
0.05MPa takes out 5 vacuum.After acid adding, the static 2h in 10 DEG C of cooling waters, taking-up is melted at room temperature.
The 8h step 1: 2.5A charges, 3A charging 8h, 3A electric discharge 0.5h;
The 0.5h step 2: 5A charges;Then 5A fills 9min, and 2A puts 1min, recycles 5h;5A fills 9min, and 2A puts 1min, circulation
3.5h;10A electric discharge 1h;
The 2h step 3: 5A charges;Then 5A fills 9min, and 2A puts 1min, recycles 3.5h;5A fills 9min, and 2A puts 1min, circulation
4h;10A electric discharge 1.5h;
The 3h step 4: 5A charges;Then 5A fills 9min, and 2A puts 1min, recycles 2.5h;5A fills 9min, and 2A puts 1min, circulation
8.5h;3A charging 2h;10A electric discharge 2h;
The 3h step 5: 5A charges;Then 5A fills 9min, and 2A puts 1min, recycles 3h;5A fills 9min, and 2A puts 1min, circulation
3h;3A charging 2h;
Step 6: 0.5A charging 2h takes out acid.Complete Battery formation.
Performance detection is carried out to the battery after chemical conversion, the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Technique | 2hr capacity/Ah | Voltage/V | - 15 DEG C of low temperature/min | 100%DOD/ times |
Prior art | 22.1-23.2 | 13.26-13.33 | 88-93 | 350-400 |
This technique | 21.0-22.2 | 13.25-13.30 | 88-93 | 350-450 |
Prior art in upper table: 1,3A fills 3h, and 5A fills 7.5h, and 6A puts 0.5h;2,5A fills 2.5h, and 6A puts 1h;3,5A fills
3.0h, 8A put 1h;4,5A fills 3.5h, and 8A puts 1h;5,5A fills 4.0h, and 8A puts 1.25h;6,5A fills 4.0h, and 8A puts 1.25h;7,5A
6.0h is filled, 3A fills 4h, and 10A puts 2h;8,5A fills 6.0h, and 2A fills 5.5h, and 1A fills 3h;9,0.2A fills 2.5h pumping acid, completes battery
At.
The prior art charging time is long, and formation process battery polarization is big, and the heat of generation is larger, it is necessary to use recirculated water cooling
But.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of lead-acid accumulator microcirculation formation method, which is characterized in that electrolyte postposition is added into battery to be changed
It in cold bath, takes out after battery temperature is down to 15-35 DEG C, is melted under conditions of no recirculated water, including following step
It is rapid:
(1) 0.1-0.2C charges to battery voltage and reaches 2.75-2.9V/ single lattice, is discharged to and reaches final voltage;
(2) 0.2-0.3C charges to 2.65-2.9V/ single lattice;Again with charging current 0.15-0.3C, discharge current 0.1-0.12C,
Charge and discharge alternate cycles carry out 8-9h, are discharged to and reach final voltage;
(3) 0.2-0.3C charges to 2.65-2.9V/ single lattice;Again with charging current 0.15-0.3C, discharge current 0.1-0.12C,
Charge and discharge alternate cycles carry out 6-7h, are discharged to and reach final voltage;
(4) 0.2-0.3C charges to 2.65-2.9V/ single lattice;Again with charging current 0.15-0.3C, discharge current 0.08-0.12C,
After charge and discharge alternate cycles carry out 10-12h, 0.1-0.2C charging 2-3h is discharged to and reaches final voltage;
(5) 0.2-0.3C charges to 2.65-2.9V/ single lattice;Again with charging current 0.15-0.3C, discharge current 0.08-0.12C,
After charge and discharge alternate cycles carry out 6-7h;0.1-0.2C charging 1-2h;
(6) floating charge is to voltage stabilization,
In step (2)-(5), charge and discharge alternating cyclical process in two stages, first stage: 0.25C charge 9min, 0.1C
Discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles;Second stage: 0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles.
2. lead-acid accumulator microcirculation formation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the electrolyte temperature of use
No more than 15 DEG C.
3. lead-acid accumulator microcirculation formation method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that it vacuumizes and adds electrolyte,
It is added in 0.5-3min.
4. lead-acid accumulator microcirculation formation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), in two steps
It charges, successively are as follows: 0.1-0.125C charging 5-8h, 0.15-0.2C charging 6-8h.
5. lead-acid accumulator microcirculation formation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1)-(4), with
0.25-0.5C constant-current discharge is to reaching final voltage.
6. lead-acid accumulator microcirculation formation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that chemical conversion includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) 0.1-0.125C charging 5-8h, 0.15-0.2C charging 6-8h, 0.25-0.5C electric discharge 0.5-1h;
(2) 0.25C charging 0.5h;With 0.25C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 4.5-5h;Again with
0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3.5-4h;0.5C electric discharge 1-1.2h;
(3) 0.25C charging 2h;With 0.25C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3-3.5h;Again with
0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3-3.5h;0.5C electric discharge 1.4-1.6h;
(4) 0.25C charging 3h;With 0.25C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 2.5-3h;Again with
0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 8-8.5h;0.15C charging 2-3h;0.5C electric discharge 2-2.1h;
(5) 0.25C charging 3h;With 0.25C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3-3.5h;Again with
0.15C charging 9min, 0.1C electric discharge 1min, charge and discharge alternate cycles 3-3.5h;0.15C charging 1-2h;
(6) 0.025C charging 1-2h, takes out acid, and chemical conversion is completed.
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CN109755667B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-09-01 | 天能电池集团股份有限公司 | Rapid formation method of lead storage battery |
CN111092270B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-12-25 | 天能电池集团股份有限公司 | Lead storage battery formation process optimization method |
CN112331943B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-09-24 | 浙江天能电池(江苏)有限公司 | Formation, screening and matching process for power lead storage battery |
CN114361609A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-15 | 安徽力普拉斯电源技术有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant acid adding process for container formation of power battery |
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