CN107887070A - A kind of cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107887070A CN107887070A CN201710986444.0A CN201710986444A CN107887070A CN 107887070 A CN107887070 A CN 107887070A CN 201710986444 A CN201710986444 A CN 201710986444A CN 107887070 A CN107887070 A CN 107887070A
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- graphene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/006—Constructional features relating to the conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/04—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt and preparation method thereof, the cable is sequentially provided with conductive core, insulating barrier, screen layer, water blocking layer and sheath from inside to outside, conductive core is as made by multi-layer graphene nanobelt, multi-layer graphene nanobelt is the graphene nanobelt crossed by patterned process, the thickness of the screen layer, water blocking layer and sheath three is incremented by successively from inside to outside, and the thickness of the insulating barrier is more than the thickness sum of both screen layer and water blocking layer;The present invention undertakes the transmission of electric current for the conductive core in wire, can effectively improve the mobility of carrier in conductive core, greatly reduce the resistivity of wire, so as to reduce power consumption using the image conversion graphene nanobelt of hydrogen atom passivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new material to prepare field of cable technology, more particularly to a kind of based on patterned Graphene nanobelt
Cable and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Cable is typically by several or several groups of wires(Every group at least two)The cable for the similar rope being twisted, every group
Mutually insulated between wire, and be often twisted into around a center, whole outside is surrounded by the coating of high-insulation.It is erected at more
In the air or mounted in underground, the bottom, for telecommunication or power Transmission.1832, army officers were permitted woods lattice and are embedded in ground by telegraphy line
Under, each other with, with being placed in glass tube, here it is an earliest in the world buried cable after rubber-covered between six conductors.
Cable can be divided into power cable, communication cable and control cable etc. by its purposes.It is between line compared with overhead line, the advantages of cable
Insulation distance is small, and space is small, and underground laying is not influenceed, power transmission can without taking up an area face space above by ambient contamination
It is high by property, it is small to personal safety and surrounding environment interference.But cost is high, construction, maintenance are cumbersome, and manufacture is also more complicated.Cause
This, cable is applied to the densely populated and dense area of power network and congested in traffic busy place more;Cross river, cross the river, laying down on sea bottom then may be used
Avoid using large span overhead line.Needing to avoid overhead line to the place of Communication Jamming and needing to consider attractive in appearance or avoid sudden and violent
The occasion of dew target can also use cable.
Power cable product is mainly characterized by:Squeezed outside conductor(Around)Bag insulating barrier, such as aerial insulated cable, or a few cores twist
Close(Phase line, zero line and the ground wire of corresponding power system), such as two core above aerial insulated cables, or be further added by restrictive coating, such as mould
Material/rubber set electric wire.Main technology has drawing, is twisted, is insulating exruded(It is wrapped), stranding, armouring, sheath extrusion
Deng the different process step combinations of various products have certain difference.Product is used primarily in hair, matches somebody with somebody, be defeated, becoming, the forceful electric power in supply line
Electric energy transmits, and the electric current passed through is big(Dozens of Ann is to several kilo-amperes), voltage it is high(220V to 500kV and more than).Due to used in electric power
In terms of transmission, energy is worn to for main performance point in transmitting procedure, what the searching of people's effort more saved
Power cable.
2D materials with atomic layer level thickness are ground extensively because it is different from the superior property of body material by people
Study carefully, such as BN, MoS2Etc..Since two thousand four, the birth of graphene brings possibility to many fields.Graphene
(Graphene) be stripped out from graphite material, by carbon atom form only one layer of atomic thickness two dimensional crystal.Stone
Black alkene is both most thin material, and most tough material, 200 times more taller than best steel of fracture strength.While it is again
There is good elasticity, stretch range can reach the 20% of own dimensions.It is current nature is most thin, intensity highest material simultaneously
And the carrier mobility with superelevation and low resistivity.As have now been found that most thin, maximum intensity, electrical and thermal conductivity performance
A kind of most strong novel nano-material, graphene are referred to as " dark fund ", are " king of new material ", and scientist even foretells graphene
" it will thoroughly change 21 century ".
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, present invention aims at a kind of High speed and low resistance is provided, wire transmission efficiency, drop are improved
Low-loss, the good cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt of pliability and preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:One kind is based on patterned Graphene nanobelt
Cable, described cable is sequentially provided with conductive core, insulating barrier, screen layer, water blocking layer and sheath, described conduction from inside to outside
For core as made by multi-layer graphene nanobelt, described multi-layer graphene nanobelt is that the graphene crossed by patterned process is received
Rice band, the thickness of the screen layer, water blocking layer and sheath three is incremented by successively from inside to outside, and the thickness of the insulating barrier is more than screen
Cover the thickness sum of both layer and water blocking layer.
Patterned process graphene nanobelt of the present invention is referred to using nano wire oxygen plasma etching and visited
Pin stripping means is patterned graphene-structured.Compared to sonochemical method and cutting carbon nanotubes method, such a method is received
Rice band width be easier control and nanobelt width can with narrower, and formed patterning nanobelt in terms of it is more excellent
Gesture, it is easier to control.
Graphene nanobelt of the present invention is the graphene nanobelt crossed by patterning and hydrogen Passivation Treatment.Hydrogen is blunt
Change and cause graphene nano belt edge dangling bonds to obtain saturation, be so advantageous to eliminate edge effect, make the property of graphene more
Add stabilization.And by Fig. 1,4,5,6,7,8 it can be seen that the band structure of graphene nanobelt of patterning there occurs huge change
Change, and required dirac point of the invention occur.
Insulating barrier of the present invention is prepared using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), the metallic copper that the screen layer uses prepare and
Into described water blocking layer is prepared using polyethylene, and described sheath is prepared using polyvinyl chloride.
A kind of preparation method of cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt provided by the invention, its preparation method is such as
Under:
1)The preparation of conductive core:Using native graphite as raw material, carried out oxidation processes and produce graphene oxide, by stirring,
Centrifugation, vibration obtain graphene oxide;Graphene oxide is reduced on 300nm silicon chips;To the graphene on Si substrates
Carry out nano wire to etch to obtain the graphene nanobelt of respective width and patterning, be finally passed through H at high temperature2Graphene is set to receive
Rice band is passivated by H atom, obtains the conductive core made by graphene nanobelt.
2)The preparation of insulating barrier:Using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as raw material, the insulating barrier of circular ring section is prepared;The material has
There are good heat-resisting and low temperature tolerance characteristicses, and moisture resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance are fine.
3)The preparation of screen layer:Using metallic copper as raw material, it is prepared using the structure of the additional establishment copper wire band of copper coating
The screen layer of circular ring section.
4)The preparation of water blocking layer:Using polyethylene as raw material, water blocking layer is prepared;The material watertightness is higher than polyvinyl chloride
There is good block-water effect up to hundreds times.
5)The preparation of sheath:Using polyvinyl chloride as raw material, sheath is prepared;The materials chemistry stability is good, anti-time
It is good, there is excellent anti acid alkali performance energy, it is non-conductive and there is good anti-flammability, without fire-fighting misgivings.
6)By step 1)—5)In obtained conductive core, insulating barrier, screen layer, water blocking layer and sheath coat and assemble successively
Get up, obtain the cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt.
The step 1 of the present invention)In the preparation process of conductive core, the detailed preparation side of hydrogen passivation image conversion graphene nanobelt
Method is as follows:
A)Native graphite is loaded into NaNO3In solution and ice bath is carried out, is separately added into the concentrated sulfuric acid and KMnO4;It is heated to 35 DEG C of guarantors
Hold 6 hours, add deionized water and solution is warming up to 95-100 DEG C, kept for 15 minutes;To solution add deionized water and
Hydrogen peroxide;Filter to take filtrate to be cleaned with a large amount of ultra-pure waters, then be placed in deionized water and obtain aoxidizing stone using supersound process
Black alkene solution;Centrifugal treating is carried out to graphene oxide solution, obtains graphene oxide;
B) pull the film of graphene oxide out with Si substrates, be placed on 50-60 DEG C of warm table and dry, remove graphene oxide
Moisture between film and Si substrates;
C)By step B)Obtained graphene oxide is put into the low-temperature region of high quartz pipe, is filled with argon gas;It is heated to 400 DEG C simultaneously
Argon gas is continually fed into, maintains 5 minutes, graphene oxide is withdrawn into low-temperature space, is rapidly cooled to room temperature;After being reduced
Multi-layer graphene;
D)After obtaining multi-layer graphene, using the nanometer silica line of required patterning width as the mask of etching, by dioxy
SiClx nano wire is placed on the surface of graphene, and oxygen plasma is carried out to it and etches to obtain patterned Graphene nanobelt;
E)By step D) obtained graphene nanobelt is put into quartz ampoule low-temperature region, it is passed through H2Obtain being passivated graphene nano
Band, graphene nanobelt is removed after cooling.
The advantage of the invention is that:The graphene nanobelt utilized in the present invention is a kind of derivative of grapheme material,
Its superior performance can be adjusted by the patterning to graphene, passivation.
The product of the present invention patterns for single-layer graphene nanobelt in specific graphene nanobelt:(Such as Fig. 1 institutes
State, wherein the width of master tape is 2.5565 nanometers, and edge subband width is 0.8241nm, and edge is passivated using H atom)Situation
Under, can be with the feature that dirac point is presented.Its carrier effective mass is theoretically zero, and the mobility of carrier is in theory
For infinity.There is carrier high mobility and low-resistivity using graphene specific pattern nanometer band structure.
Set forth herein a kind of ultrahigh speed cable formed using patterned Graphene nanobelt pile structure, compared to tradition
The cable of conductive core manufacture, cable energy loss prepared by this method is less, and ductility and intensity are more preferable.
The present invention using conductive core of the multi-layer graphene nanobelt as conductive cable, resistivity can be reduced, so as to drop
Low-power consumption;The two-dimensional material graphene of selection, conductive cable can be made very light very thin, and ductility and intensity are bigger;Choosing
Graphene nanobelt with patterning can form dirac point in band so that the carrier in conductive core greatly improves.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of hydrogen passivation pattern graphite alkene nanobelt;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the cable provided by the invention based on patterned Graphene nanobelt;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the cable provided by the invention based on patterned Graphene nanobelt;
Fig. 4 is the upward band structure figure of electron spin of hydrogen passivation pattern graphite alkene nanobelt;
Fig. 5 is the downward band structure figure of electron spin of hydrogen passivation pattern graphite alkene nanobelt.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that hydrogen is passivated non-patterned graphene nanobelt;
Fig. 7 is the upward structure chart of electron spin that hydrogen is passivated non-patterned graphene nanobelt.
Fig. 8 is the upward structure chart of electron spin that hydrogen is passivated non-patterned graphene nanobelt.
Wherein, the grey chromosphere in Fig. 1, Fig. 6 represents the white balls of C atomic edges as hydrogen atom, the G generations in Fig. 4,5,7,8
Table can be in band the symmetrical gamma points of height, Y represents the height of source region boundary in source region gamma points are along Y-direction to the first cloth in the first cloth
Symmetric path, E be can tape symbol unit, unit eV.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment for explanation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:A kind of cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt as shown in Figures 2 and 3, described cable are certainly introversive
Conductive core 1, insulating barrier 2, screen layer 3, water blocking layer 4 and sheath 5 are sequentially provided with outside, described conductive core 1 is received by multi-layer graphene
Made by rice band, described multi-layer graphene nanobelt is the graphene nanobelt crossed by patterned process, the screen layer
3rd, water blocking layer 4 and the thickness of the three of sheath 5 are incremented by successively from inside to outside, and the thickness of the insulating barrier 2 is more than screen layer 3 with blocking water
Both the thickness sums of layer 4.
Embodiment 2:As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a kind of preparation method of the cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt, it is made
Preparation Method is as follows:
1)The preparation of conductive core 1:Using native graphite as raw material, carried out oxidation processes and produce graphene oxide, by stirring,
Centrifugation, vibration obtain graphene oxide;Graphene oxide is reduced on 300nm silicon chips;To the graphene on Si substrates
Carry out nano wire to etch to obtain the graphene nanobelt of respective width and patterning, be finally passed through H at high temperature2Graphene is set to receive
Rice band is passivated by H atom, obtains the conductive core made by graphene nanobelt.
2)The preparation of insulating barrier 2:Using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as raw material, the insulating barrier of circular ring section is prepared;The material
With good heat-resisting and low temperature tolerance characteristicses, and moisture resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance are fine.
3)The preparation of screen layer 3:Using metallic copper as raw material, it is prepared using the structure of the additional establishment copper wire band of copper coating
The screen layer of circular ring section.
4)The preparation of water blocking layer 4:Using polyethylene as raw material, water blocking layer is prepared;The material watertightness compares polyvinyl chloride
Up to hundreds times there is good block-water effect.
5)The preparation of sheath 5:Using polyvinyl chloride as raw material, sheath is prepared;The materials chemistry stability is good, anti-time
It is good, there is excellent anti acid alkali performance energy, it is non-conductive and there is good anti-flammability, without fire-fighting misgivings.
6)By step 1)—5)In obtained conductive core 1, insulating barrier 2, screen layer 3, water blocking layer 4 and sheath 5 coat successively
With assemble, obtain the cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt.
Embodiment 3:In the preparation process of the conductive core of the present invention, the detailed preparation of hydrogen passivation image conversion graphene nanobelt
Method is as follows:
A)Native graphite is loaded into NaNO3In solution and ice bath is carried out, is separately added into the concentrated sulfuric acid and KMnO4;It is heated to 35 DEG C of guarantors
Hold 6 hours, add deionized water and solution is warming up to 95-100 DEG C, kept for 15 minutes;To solution add deionized water and
Hydrogen peroxide;Filter to take filtrate to be cleaned with a large amount of ultra-pure waters, then be placed in deionized water and obtain aoxidizing stone using supersound process
Black alkene solution;Centrifugal treating is carried out to graphene oxide solution, obtains graphene oxide;
B) pull the film of graphene oxide out with Si substrates, be placed on 50-60 DEG C of warm table and dry, remove graphene oxide
Moisture between film and Si substrates;
C)By step B)Obtained graphene oxide is put into the low-temperature region of high quartz pipe, is filled with argon gas;It is heated to 400 DEG C simultaneously
Argon gas is continually fed into, maintains 5 minutes, graphene oxide is withdrawn into low-temperature space, is rapidly cooled to room temperature;After being reduced
Multi-layer graphene;
D)After obtaining multi-layer graphene, using the nanometer silica line of required patterning width as the mask of etching, by dioxy
SiClx nano wire is placed on the surface of graphene, and oxygen plasma is carried out to it and etches to obtain patterned Graphene nanobelt;
E)By step D) obtained graphene nanobelt is put into quartz ampoule low-temperature region, it is passed through H2Obtain being passivated graphene nano
Band, graphene nanobelt is removed after cooling.
The performance of the hydrogen passivation image conversion graphene nanobelt obtained by the above method has three as shown in Fig. 1,4 and 5
Understand:
Graphene nanobelt band structure after hydrogen passivation pattern is there occurs very big change, particularly at fermi level
Generate the phenomenon of dirac point.The appearance of dirac point causes the fermion that the low energy in material is taken out of(It is electronics herein)It is full
The two-dimentional Dirac equation of sufficient massless.Quality is zero to this electronics of the energy with description under static state, and its behavior is similar to
Photon, so the surface carrier in the graphene nanobelt of hydrogen passivation has very high mobility, close to the light velocity.This just determines
It is more much better than the copper conductor of routine hydrogen passivation graphene conductive has been determined.It is 10^ (- 6 through surveying conductance)Ω/m magnitudes,
Conductance than existing copper core and aluminium alloy core cable is much smaller, and this all to reduce with equidistant pressure drop, current loss
Many and spread speed is many soon.
Embodiment 4:By the above-mentioned graphene obtained by the use of hydrogen passivation pattern graphite alkene as conductive core in identical load
Under electric current, than common copper and aluminium alloy conductive core, manufacture it is more very thin, quality is lighter, and resistivity is extremely low so that power consumption
It is smaller;And 5 times of about copper are greatly improved in propagation;It is 20 times of best steel so hydrogen is passivated stone that the pliability of graphene, which sets intensity,
Black alkene nanobelt conductive core has good ductility.
Embodiment 5:Hydrogen in hydrogen passivation pattern graphite alkene nanobelt in Fig. 1,4 and 5 and Fig. 6,7 and 8 is passivated non-pattern
Graphite alkene nanobelt comparing result is understood:
The graphene nanobelt that be can be seen that from 1 figure and 6 figures after patterning is provided with jagged edge, and this make it that edge is same
When be provided with zigzag and arm-chair feature, and non-patterned graphene nanobelt only has zigzag feature, this
Allow for both characteristic electrons and have to differ greatly from.
Pass through Fig. 4, the energy band diagram of 5 patterned Graphene nanobelts and 7,8 non-patterned graphene nanobelts energy band diagram
Contrast understands that the former is the characteristic of semiconductor with certain band gap, and the latter is the conductor characteristics with zero band gap, and the latter exists
Dirac point is formd at fermi level, so as to substantially increase the transmission rate of carrier.
It should be noted that above-mentioned is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not it is used for limiting the protection model of the present invention
Enclose, any combination or equivalents made on the basis of above-described embodiment belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt, it is characterised in that described cable is sequentially provided with from inside to outside
Conductive core, insulating barrier, screen layer, water blocking layer and sheath, described conductive core are described as made by multi-layer graphene nanobelt
Multi-layer graphene nanobelt is the graphene nanobelt crossed by patterned process, the screen layer, water blocking layer and sheath three
Thickness it is incremented by successively from inside to outside, the thickness of the insulating barrier is more than the thickness sum of both screen layer and water blocking layer.
2. the cable as claimed in claim 1 based on patterned Graphene nanobelt, it is characterised in that at described patterning
Reason graphene nanobelt refers to that graphene-structured is carried out figure by using nano wire oxygen plasma etching and probe stripping means
Case.
3. the cable as claimed in claim 2 based on patterned Graphene nanobelt, it is characterised in that described graphene is received
Rice band is the graphene nanobelt crossed by patterning and hydrogen Passivation Treatment.
4. the cable as claimed in claim 1 based on patterned Graphene nanobelt, it is characterised in that described insulating barrier is adopted
It is prepared with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), the metallic copper that the screen layer uses is prepared, and described water blocking layer uses polyethylene system
Standby to form, described sheath is prepared using polyvinyl chloride.
5. a kind of preparation method of cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt as described in claim 1-4 any one,
Characterized in that, described preparation method is as follows:
1)The preparation of conductive core:Using native graphite as raw material, carried out oxidation processes and produce graphene oxide, by stirring,
Centrifugation, vibration obtain graphene oxide;Graphene oxide is reduced on 300nm silicon chips;To the graphene on Si substrates
Carry out nano wire to etch to obtain the graphene nanobelt of respective width and patterning, be finally passed through H at high temperature2Graphene is set to receive
Rice band is passivated by H atom, obtains the conductive core made by graphene nanobelt;
2)The preparation of insulating barrier:Using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as raw material, the insulating barrier of circular ring section is prepared;
3)The preparation of screen layer:Using metallic copper as raw material, annulus is prepared using the structure of the additional establishment copper wire band of copper coating
The screen layer of tee section;
4)The preparation of water blocking layer:Using polyethylene as raw material, water blocking layer is prepared;
5)The preparation of sheath:Using polyvinyl chloride as raw material, sheath is prepared;
6)By step 1)—5)In obtained conductive core, insulating barrier, screen layer, water blocking layer and sheath coat and assembled successively
Come, obtain the cable based on patterned Graphene nanobelt.
6. the preparation method of the cable as claimed in claim 5 based on patterned Graphene nanobelt, it is characterised in that described
Step 1)In the preparation process of conductive core, its preparation method is as follows:
A)Native graphite is loaded into NaNO3In solution and ice bath is carried out, is separately added into the concentrated sulfuric acid and KMnO4;It is heated to 35 DEG C of holdings
6 hours, add deionized water and solution is warming up to 95-100 DEG C, kept for 15 minutes;Deionized water and double is added to solution
Oxygen water;Filter to take filtrate to be cleaned with a large amount of ultra-pure waters, then be placed in deionized water and obtain graphite oxide using supersound process
Alkene solution;Centrifugal treating is carried out to graphene oxide solution, obtains graphene oxide;
B) pull the film of graphene oxide out with Si substrates, be placed on 50-60 DEG C of warm table and dry, remove graphene oxide
Moisture between film and Si substrates;
C)By step B)Obtained graphene oxide is put into the low-temperature region of high quartz pipe, is filled with argon gas;It is heated to 400 DEG C simultaneously
Argon gas is continually fed into, maintains 5 minutes, graphene oxide is withdrawn into low-temperature space, is rapidly cooled to room temperature;After being reduced
Multi-layer graphene;
D)After obtaining multi-layer graphene, using the nanometer silica line of required patterning width as the mask of etching, by dioxy
SiClx nano wire is placed on the surface of graphene, and oxygen plasma is carried out to it and etches to obtain patterned Graphene nanobelt;
E)By step D) obtained graphene nanobelt is put into quartz ampoule low-temperature region, it is passed through H2Obtain being passivated graphene nanobelt,
Graphene nanobelt is removed after cooling.
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Cited By (1)
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CN109650330A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-04-19 | 南京大学 | It is the preparation method that template realizes large-area graphene nano-band array based on programmable nano wire |
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CN105883781A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-08-24 | 王祉豫 | Preparation method of large-area reduced graphene oxide membrane |
CN206179544U (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-05-17 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Cable and connect thereof |
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