CN107886961A - Low speed speech optimization method in AMR based on VoLTE carryings - Google Patents

Low speed speech optimization method in AMR based on VoLTE carryings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107886961A
CN107886961A CN201711029449.0A CN201711029449A CN107886961A CN 107886961 A CN107886961 A CN 107886961A CN 201711029449 A CN201711029449 A CN 201711029449A CN 107886961 A CN107886961 A CN 107886961A
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China
Prior art keywords
low speed
semi
speech
frame
amr
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CN201711029449.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
秦浩
李蝉
孙圆圆
宋彬
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Xidian University
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Xidian University
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Priority to CN201711029449.0A priority Critical patent/CN107886961A/en
Publication of CN107886961A publication Critical patent/CN107886961A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
    • G10L19/16—Vocoder architecture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/008—Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/04—Protocols for data compression, e.g. ROHC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria

Abstract

The invention discloses low speed speech optimization method in a kind of AMR based on VoLTE carryings, mainly solves the problem of protocol overhead ratio of low speed Speech frame in the prior art is big, and wireless resource utility efficiency is low.Implementation step is：1) AMR AMR encoders generate 20ms low speed Speech frames under low rate coding pattern；2) merge low speed Speech frame, generate speech multi-frame；3) speech multi-frame is packaged into IP packets；4) wardrobe compression is entered to IP packets using robust header compression ROHC methods；5) configuration and the semi-static scheduling cycle of speech multi-frame equal length；6) user's distributing radio resource and to activate semi-persistent scheduling, often pass through a semi-static scheduling cycle afterwards, user is just with resource reception or transmission data.The present invention can reduce protocol overhead ratio, improve wireless resource utility efficiency, increase VoLTE user capacities, available for satellite communication system or low speed voice communication system.

Description

Low speed speech optimization method in AMR based on VoLTE carryings
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, further to a kind of low speed speech optimization method, available for real satellite Communication system or other low speed voice communication systems.
Background technology
Under the conditions of speech business VoLTE based on Long Term Evolution LTE is the full IP based on IP multimedia subsystem IMS network End-to-end speech solution, for traditional IP-based speech business VoIP, VoLTE frameworks are in LTE network On, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide more preferable service quality QoS guarantee.
In order to lift service coverage and power system capacity, VoLTE has used following key technology：AMR AMR encoding schemes, semi-persistent scheduling SPS, robust header compression ROHC etc..Voice compression coding marks of the AMR as VoLTE Standard, it can be according to transmission situation Optimized Coding Based type, so as to meet the performance requirement under the conditions of different radio.According to adopting The difference of sample rate, AMR codings can be divided into narrowband self-adaption multi-speed AMR-NB and wideband adaptive multi tate AMR-WB.AMR is talked about The Speech frame that sound encoder is 20 milliseconds by the sampling to input signal and coding generation length, wherein AMR-NB support 4.75 ~12.2kbps 8 kinds of rate coding patterns, AMR-WB support 6.60~23.85kbps 9 kinds of rate coding patterns.Due to language Sound bag is smaller and the characteristics of with periodically sending, therefore uses semi-persistent scheduling and be the cycle as same use using 20 milliseconds The fixed Physical Resource Block PRB resources of family distribution, effectively save control signaling expense, so as to improve power system capacity.ROHC Size can be compressed to 4~6 bytes for RTP heads, UDP heads and the IP heads of 40~60 bytes, significantly decrease VoLTE voice packets The size of middle protocol information, power system capacity is improved in terms of Traffic Channel expense is saved.
Problem of the prior art is：For employing the VoLTE business of AMR voice encryption devices of low rate, i.e., Make open ROHC heads compression in the case of, AMR Speech frames by RTP layers, UDP layer, IP layers, PDCP layers, rlc layer and MAC layer at least needs the expenses of 56 bits to maintain agreement normal work, and protocol overhead ratio is too big.In addition, the AMR of low rate The output speech frame payload of voice encryption device is smaller, easily causes the waste of PRB resources, so as to have impact on the utilization of Radio Resource Rate and user capacity.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the deficiency for above-mentioned prior art, proposes a kind of based on the adaptive of VoLTE carryings Low speed speech optimization method in multi tate, to improve wireless resource utility efficiency and VoLTE under low code rate business scenario Power system capacity.
The technical scheme is that by increasing VoLTE semi-static scheduling cycles, merge the output of AMR voice encryption devices Speech frame, protocol overhead ratio is reduced, the utilization rate of PRB resources is improved, so as to improve cell system capacity.Implementation step Including as follows：
(1) 20ms low speed Speech frames are generated；
In the talk activity stage, AMR AMR voice encryption devices obtain length by the sampling to input signal For 20ms N group voice samples, N >=1；
N group voice samples are encoded using low rate coding pattern, produce N number of low speed speech that length is 20ms Frame；
(2) low speed Speech frame is merged；
Continuous M low speed Speech frame in N number of low speed Speech frame of generation will be encoded and carry out cascade merging, obtain load with Length is all the speech multi-frame of original M times of low speed Speech frame, M values 2 or 4；
(3) speech multi-frame passes through realtime transmission protocol RTP layer, UDP UDP layer and Internet protocol IP layer, RTP heads, UDP heads and IP heads are added successively, obtains IP packets, and the IP packets are sent to point of Long Term Evolution LTE protocol Group data convergence protocol PDCP layers；
(4) robust header compression ROHC methods are used, by RTP heads, the UDP that size in IP packets is 40~60 bytes Head and IP heads are compressed to 4~6 bytes；
(5) user equipment (UE) is established radio resource control RRC with base station and is connected, and during connection is established, base station Semi-static scheduling cycle and semi-persistent scheduling are configured by RRC signaling and identify SPS C-RNTI, wherein semi-static scheduling cycle with Speech multi-frame equal length；
(6) semi-persistent scheduling is activated；
IP packets after being compressed to step (4), then PDCP PDCP heads, Radio Link control are added successively PDU processed and Media access contorl MAC header, most IP data envelopes dress up Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit PDU at last；
MAC layer scheduler is according to the channel quality indicator (CQI) of user, service priority, PDU sizes to be sent and thing Resource block PRB idle condition is managed, PRB resources are distributed for each user；
The physical downlink control channel PDCCH that base station identifies SPS C-RNTI scramblings by semi-persistent scheduling specifies user to set PRB resources used in standby UE, activate the semi-persistent scheduling to current business, often pass through a semi-static scheduling cycle afterwards, UE just receives or sent data using the resource.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that：
First, the present invention is small for low speed speech frame payload, the protocol overhead ratio after the transmission of RTP layers, UDP layer and IP layers The problem of example is too big, by the way that continuous multiple low speed Speech frame cascades are merged, protocol overhead ratio can be reduced, so as to improve The utilization rate of Radio Resource.
Second, the present invention reduces the scheduling times of customer service by increasing semi-static scheduling cycle, being capable of reasonable employment PRB resources, so as to increase VoLTE user capacities.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the implementation process figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the simulation result figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
The implementation steps of the present invention are described in further detail with effect below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Low rate coding pattern includes narrowband self-adaption multi-speed AMR-NB coding mode 0, pattern 1, pattern 2 and pattern 3, its code rate is 4.75kbps, 5.15kbps, 5.9kbps and 6.7kbps respectively.
Embodiments of the invention assume that to be produced using the AMR-NB low speed voice encryption device that code rate is 4.75kbps 20ms low speed Speech frame, with low speed speech optimization method in the AMR of the present invention to the low speed Speech frame of the 20ms Optimize.
Reference picture 1, step is as follows for of the invention realizing：
Step 1,20ms low speed Speech frames are generated.
(1a) is adopted in talk activity stage, narrowband self-adaption multi-speed AMR-NB voice encryption devices with 8000 samples/secs Sample rate samples to input signal, obtains the N group voice samples that length is 20ms, N >=1, and every group of voice sample includes 160 Sampled point；
(1b) uses code rate to be encoded for 4.75kbps encoder to N group voice samples, and according to the third generation Partner program 3GPP technical specifications TS 26.101, auxiliary information and frame head are added to the data after coding, according to fixed grating Formula generation length is 20ms, N number of low speed Speech frame that load is 120bit.
Step 2, merge low speed Speech frame, generate speech multi-frame.
By continuous M low speed Speech frame a in the N number of low speed Speech frame for encoding generationk, k=1,2 ..., M is cascaded Merge, obtain speech multi-frame A={ a1,a2,...,aM, wherein speech multi-frame A length and load are all low speed Speech frame ak's M times, M values 2 or 4.
M takes 2 in the present embodiment, and therefore, the speech multi-frame length of generation is 40ms, load 240bit.
Step 3, speech multi-frame is packaged into IP packets.
(3a) speech multi-frame passes through realtime transmission protocol RTP layer, UDP UDP layer and Internet protocol IP Layer, RTP heads, UDP heads and IP heads being added successively, obtaining IP packets, wherein RTP heads size is 12 bytes, and UDP heads size is 8 Byte, Internet protocol fourth edition IPv4 heads size are 20 bytes, and Internet protocol sixth version IPv6 heads size is 40 bytes, this IPv4 agreements are used in embodiment, speech multi-frame is packaged into the IP packets that size is 560bit；
The IP packets are sent to the PDCP PDCP layers of Long Term Evolution LTE protocol by (3b).
Step 4, wardrobe compression is entered to IP packets.
Using robust header compression ROHC methods, by RTP heads, the UDP heads that size in IP packets is 40~60 bytes 4~6 bytes are compressed to IP heads.
In the present embodiment, IP packets obtain the voice packets that size is 272bit after overcompression.
The specific implementation of the robust header compression ROHC methods, referring to standard RFC 3095, RFC 4815 and RFC 5225。
Step 5, semi-persistent scheduling is configured.
User equipment (UE) is established radio resource control RRC with base station and is connected, and during connection is established, base station passes through RRC signaling configures semi-static scheduling cycle and semi-persistent scheduling mark SPS C-RNTI, specifically according to consensus standard 3GPP TS 36.331 6.3.2 section information unit SPS-Config in semiPersistSchedIntervalDL fields and SemiPersistSchedIntervalUL fields, descending semi-static scheduling cycle and uplink semi-persistent scheduling week is respectively configured Phase, and descending semi-static scheduling cycle and uplink semi-persistent scheduling cycle all with speech multi-frame equal length.
Semi-static scheduling cycle is arranged to 40ms in the present embodiment.
Step 6, semi-persistent scheduling is activated.
IP packets after being compressed to step (4), then PDCP PDCP heads, Radio Link control are added successively PDU processed and Media access contorl MAC header, most IP data envelopes dress up Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit PDU at last, and specific steps are such as Under：
(6a) PDCP PDCP layers first enter wardrobe compression to IP packets, then add PDCP heads, then submit To wireless spread-spectrum technology rlc layer；
(6b) wireless heterogeneous networks rlc layer is by the means of segmentation, reconnection, the RLC business datum lists that PDCP layers are issued First SDU is packaged into rlc protocol data cell PDU；
Rlc protocol data cell PDU and control information are packaged together by (6c) MAC layer according to fixed form, are formed Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit PDU, deliver physical layer and send；
MAC layer scheduler is according to the channel quality indicator (CQI) of user, service priority, PDU sizes to be sent and thing Resource block PRB idle condition is managed, PRB resources is distributed for each user, comprises the following steps that：
(6d) according to the table 7.2.3 of consensus standard 3GPP TS 36.213, base station by the channel quality indicator (CQI) of user, Determine coded modulation strategy MCS and maximal rate；
(6e) determines transport block size index TBS according to the table 7.1.7.1 of consensus standard 3GPP TS 36.213 by MCS value Index；
(6f) according to the table 7.1.7.2.1 of consensus standard 3GPP TS 36.213, by TBS Index values and MAC protocol data Unit PDU size, determine PRB number of transport block size TBS and Physical Resource Block；
(6g) calculates code check according to TBS and PRB number, if the code check being calculated is less than maximal rate, completing should The PRB resource allocations of user；Otherwise, MCS is subtracted 1, repeat step (6e)~(6g), until the code check calculated is less than maximum Code check.The calculation formula of code check is as follows：
Wherein, R presentation codes speed, TBS represent transport block size, NcbRepresent code block segmentation number, QmRepresent modulation order Number, NRERepresent RE number of resource element available for Physical Downlink Shared Channel PDSCH transmission.
Channel quality indicator (CQI) takes 6 in the present embodiment, and PRB number being calculated by step (6d)~(6g) is 2, i.e., 2 PRB resources are distributed for each VoLTE user.
The physical downlink control channel PDCCH that base station identifies SPS C-RNTI scramblings by semi-persistent scheduling specifies user to set PRB resources used in standby UE, activate the semi-persistent scheduling to current business, often pass through a semi-static scheduling cycle afterwards, UE just receives or sent data using the resource.
The effect of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to analogous diagram.
First, data are emulated：
Assuming that using FDD-LTE system that system bandwidth is 10MHz, it is respectively in code rate Under conditions of 4.75kbps, 5.15kbps, 5.90kbps and 6.7kbps, the method pair of low speed Speech frame is merged using the present invention Low speed speech optimizes.
Hardware environment：Intel Core i7-4770k, 3.5GHz, 8GB RAM；
Software environment：Windows 7, MATLAB R2015b.
2nd, emulation content and result：
The speech business VoLTE user capacities based on Long Term Evolution LTE are entered respectively with prior art and the inventive method Row emulation, as a result such as Fig. 2.
Transverse axis represents the code rate of narrowband self-adaption multi-speed AMR-NB encoders in Fig. 2, and the longitudinal axis represents VoLTE user Capacity.Diamond curve is the user capacity curve being calculated using prior art, and each Diamond spot corresponds to corresponding encoded The user capacity of speed；Five-pointed star curve is the user capacity obtained according to the method for merging low speed Speech frame proposed by the present invention Curve.
From figure 2 it can be seen that for 4.75kbps and 5.15kbps code rate, using the optimization of the present invention Method user capacity improves 90%, for 5.9kbps and 6.7kbps code rate, using the optimization side of the present invention Method user capacity improves 40%.Compared with prior art, the present invention can significantly improve under low rate coding mode situation VoLTE user capacities.

Claims (5)

  1. A kind of 1. low speed speech optimization method in AMR based on VoLTE carryings, it is characterised in that including：
    (1) 20ms low speed Speech frames are generated；
    In the talk activity stage, AMR AMR voice encryption devices obtain length by the sampling to input signal and are 20ms N group voice samples, N >=1；
    N group voice samples are encoded using low rate coding pattern, produce N number of low speed Speech frame that length is 20ms；
    (2) low speed Speech frame is merged；
    Continuous M low speed Speech frame carries out cascade merging in the N number of low speed Speech frame that generation will be encoded, and obtains load and length All it is the speech multi-frame of original M times of low speed Speech frame, M values 2 or 4；
    (3) speech multi-frame passes through realtime transmission protocol RTP layer, UDP UDP layer and Internet protocol IP layer, successively RTP heads, UDP heads and IP heads are added, obtains IP packets, and the IP packets are sent to the packet count of Long Term Evolution LTE protocol According to convergence protocol PDCP layers；
    (4) robust header compression ROHC methods are used, by size in IP packets be the RTP heads of 40~60 bytes, UDP heads and IP heads are compressed to 4~6 bytes；
    (5) user equipment (UE) is established radio resource control RRC with base station and is connected, and during connection is established, base station passes through RRC signaling configures semi-static scheduling cycle and semi-persistent scheduling mark SPS C-RNTI, wherein semi-static scheduling cycle and speech Multi-frame equal length；
    (6) semi-persistent scheduling is activated；
    IP packets after being compressed to step (4), then PDCP PDCP heads, wireless spread-spectrum technology are added successively PDU and Media access contorl MAC header, most IP data envelopes dress up Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit PDU at last；
    MAC layer scheduler provides according to the channel quality indicator (CQI) of user, service priority, PDU sizes to be sent and physics Source block PRB idle condition, PRB resources are distributed for each user；
    The physical downlink control channel PDCCH that base station identifies SPS C-RNTI scramblings by semi-persistent scheduling specifies user equipment (UE) Used PRB resources, activate the semi-persistent scheduling to current business, often pass through a semi-static scheduling cycle afterwards, UE is just Data are received or sent using the resource.
  2. 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：Low rate coding pattern wherein in step (1), including it is narrow Coding mode 0, pattern 1, pattern 2 and pattern 3 with AMR AMR-NB, its code rate be respectively 4.75kbps, 5.15kbps, 5.9kbps and 6.7kbps.
  3. 3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：Base station is quiet by RRC signaling configuration half wherein in step (5) State dispatching cycle, is by the semiPersistSchedIntervalDL in third generation partner program 3GPP technical specifications Field and semiPersistSchedIntervalUL fields, descending semi-static scheduling cycle and uplink semi-persistent is respectively configured and adjusts Spend the cycle, and descending semi-static scheduling cycle and uplink semi-persistent scheduling cycle all with speech multi-frame equal length, i.e. 20 × M Millisecond.
  4. 4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：IP data envelopes are wherein dressed up into MAC protocol in step (6) Data cell PDU, carry out as follows：
    6a) PDCP PDCP layers first enter wardrobe compression to IP packets, then add PDCP heads, then are delivered to wireless Link controls rlc layer；
    6b) wireless heterogeneous networks rlc layer is by the means of segmentation, reconnection, the RLC Service Data Units SDU that PDCP layers are issued It is packaged into rlc protocol data cell PDU；
    6c) rlc protocol data cell PDU and control information are packaged together by MAC layer according to fixed form, form MAC associations Data cell PDU is discussed, physical layer is delivered and sends.
  5. 5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：MAC layer scheduler is each user point wherein in step (6) With PRB resources, carry out as follows：
    6d) base station determines coded modulation strategy MCS and maximal rate according to the channel quality indicator (CQI) of user；
    Transport block size index TBS Index 6e) are determined by MCS value；
    6f) by TBS Index values and Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit PDU size, transport block size TBS and Physical Resource Block are determined PRB number；
    Code check 6g) is calculated according to TBS and PRB number, if the code check being calculated is less than maximal rate, completes the user's PRB resource allocations；Otherwise, MCS is subtracted 1, repeat step (6e)~(6g), until the code check calculated is less than maximal rate.
CN201711029449.0A 2017-10-26 2017-10-26 Low speed speech optimization method in AMR based on VoLTE carryings Pending CN107886961A (en)

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CN117614514A (en) * 2023-11-27 2024-02-27 中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院 IP multiplexing compression method and device based on satellite communication

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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110581749A (en) * 2018-06-11 2019-12-17 中国移动通信集团浙江有限公司 VoLTE voice quality improvement method and device of TD-LTE
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WO2020056880A1 (en) * 2018-09-17 2020-03-26 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Connection release method, data processing method, device, and storage medium
CN112672377A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-16 华力智芯(成都)集成电路有限公司 Method and device for constructing and testing downlink segmentation scene of RLC layer of gateway station
CN112672377B (en) * 2020-12-28 2022-08-09 华力智芯(成都)集成电路有限公司 Method and device for constructing and testing downlink segmentation scene of RLC layer of gateway station
CN113225123A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-08-06 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 Method for converting circuit voice to VOIP voice in satellite mobile communication system
CN113225123B (en) * 2021-04-25 2022-07-01 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 Method for converting circuit voice to VOIP voice in satellite mobile communication system
CN117614514A (en) * 2023-11-27 2024-02-27 中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院 IP multiplexing compression method and device based on satellite communication

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