CN107884614A - A kind of current sensing means and electric current detecting method based on temperature detection - Google Patents
A kind of current sensing means and electric current detecting method based on temperature detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN107884614A CN107884614A CN201711226282.7A CN201711226282A CN107884614A CN 107884614 A CN107884614 A CN 107884614A CN 201711226282 A CN201711226282 A CN 201711226282A CN 107884614 A CN107884614 A CN 107884614A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of current sensing means and electric current detecting method based on temperature detection, belong to electrical engineering technical field.The current sensing means includes conductor temperature detection module, environment temperature detection module, main control unit；The conductor temperature detection module, environment temperature detection module are connected with main control unit；The main control unit includes dsp chip, collection conductor temperature, environment temperature and working condition signal, by the way that current value is calculated：First the synthesis coefficient of heat transfer that return conductors are tested in the case of cooling device starts and be not actuated is obtained by testing；Secondly collection environment temperature, tested return conductors temperature and working condition signal；Working condition signal is analyzed, whether has whether electric current, cooling device work in determination circuit；The parameters such as the temperature rise of conductor value according to tested loop calculate current value.Current sensing means of the present invention is in light weight, small volume, cost are low, broad quantum, is particularly suitable for checking of great current, makes complete sets of electric switchgears and control devices device miniaturization, intellectuality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current sensing means and electric current detecting method, especially a kind of electric current based on temperature detection
Detection means and electric current detecting method, belong to electrical engineering technical field.
Background technology
The high current of primary side is converted to small electricity by estimated current detection using current transformer, current sensor etc.
Flow signal.Its common feature is electric power detection.
Its shortcoming is：1) because each current transformer, current sensor have its range, thus product specification is more, root
According to different ranges, user needs current transformer or the current sensor of inventory multiple gauges standby to make；2) heavy, volume
Greatly, cost is high, especially high voltage, high current occasion using the above method current sensing means is heavy, bulky, price
It is high so that high voltage, the complete sets of electric switchgears and control devices equipment cost of high current is high, floor space is big.
Conductor will generate heat after being passed through electric current, and its temperature necessarily raises.That is, between temperature or temperature rise and electric current
There is inevitable functional relation, then as long as passing through the i.e. detectable size of current of detection temperature.But current electric equipment uses
A variety of types of cooling such as natural cooling or fan forcing functions, radiating condition are different, it is possible to cause temperature identical and in circuit
The actual current flowed through is different, and this relation for solve between temperature and electric current becomes complex.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to：In view of the shortcomings of the prior art and blank, temperature occurs after being powered according to conductor
The characteristics of change, traditional current detection mode is broken through, propose a kind of current sensing means based on non electrical quantity (temperature) and side
Method, so as to solve the problems, such as that traditional current sensing means volume is big, cost is high, it is particularly suitable for the electric current inspection of high current occasion
Survey.
In order to reach object above, the current sensing means of the invention based on temperature detection, including：Conductor temperature detects mould
Block, environment temperature detection module, main control unit；The conductor temperature detection module, environment temperature detection module with master control list
Member is connected；The conductor temperature detection module includes temperature sensor, the temperature sensor can be digital temperature sensor,
Thermocouple or infrared temperature sensor, for detecting the conductor temperature of tested current loop；The main control unit includes
Dsp chip, collection conductor temperature, environment temperature and working condition signal, by the way that current value is calculated；The working condition signal refers to
The breaker operating position signal of tested current loop, cooling device enabling signal.
The above-mentioned current sensing means based on temperature detection, its electric current detecting method comprise the following steps：
Step 1, by test obtain that cooling device is not actuated respectively and start operating performance under be tested the comprehensive of current loop conductor
Close coefficient of heat transfer KT；
Step 2, environment temperature, the conductor temperature and working condition signal of tested current loop are gathered；
Step 3, the breaker operating position signal in working condition signal is analyzed, if breaker is in open position, is sentenced
It is 0 to determine electric current, return to step 2；Otherwise step 4 is gone to；
Step 4, the cooling device enabling signal in working condition signal is analyzed, whether is worked according to cooling device, is chosen corresponding
Synthesis coefficient of heat transfer KT；
Step 5, the conductor temperature of tested current loop is subtracted into environment temperature and obtains the temperature rise of conductor of tested current loop
Value τ；
Step 6, calculating current value, detailed process are as follows：
1) according to heat balance principle, in conductor caused heat be equal to the heat dissipation capacity of conductor with improve conductor self-temperature and
The heat sum of absorption, i.e. heat conservation equation：
Pdt=KTAτdt+cmdτ (1)
Primary condition：τ|T=0=τ0
In formula, Pdt is in the gross calorific power of dt time inner wires, KTA τ dt are total heat dissipation capacity in dt time inner wires,
Cmd τ are the heat absorbed when dt time inner wires temperature raises d τ, and P is that electric current passes through energy loss caused by conductor
Referred to as resistance loss, P=KI2R, K are added losses coefficient, and I is the electric current in conductor, and R is conductor resistance, and A is that conductor is effective
Area of dissipation, KTFor comprehensive coefficient of heat transfer, c be conductor specific heat capacity, and m is conductor quality, and τ is the temperature rise of conductor, τ=θ-θ0, θ is
Conductor temperature, θ0For environment temperature, τ0For initial temperature rise.
2) formula (1) is solved, can be obtained：
In formula, τ0For initial temperature rise, T is heating time constant, T=cm/ (KTA)。
3) by P=KI2R substitutes into formula (2), arranges：
Electric current and temperature rise, the relation of time, the synthesis coefficient of heat transfer that sampling instant t, step 4 are chosen are understood by formula (3)
KT, the obtained temperature rise of conductor value τ in tested loop of step 5, and the effective area of dissipation A of conductor, conductor resistance R, added losses
The parameter substitution formulas (3) such as COEFFICIENT K, conductor specific heat capacity c, conductor quality m, you can try to achieve the current value in now loop.
Further, described in step 1 by test obtain that cooling device is not actuated respectively and start operating performance under be tested electric current
The synthesis coefficient of heat transfer K of return conductorsT, its method is：
21) in the case of cooling device is not actuated, it is initially powered up to tested current loop conductor from cold conditions；
22) when the conductor reaches heating stabilization, stable temperature rise value τ is obtained by measurements；
23) power supply is cut off, the conductor is cooled to environment temperature；
24) with step 21) it is same under conditions of to the conductor lead to an equal amount of electric current, and timing, survey conductor temperature
τ is risen, is formed some groups (t, τ)；
25) τ that some groups (t, the τ) and step 22) obtained measurement are obtainedsSubstitution formula (4)：
τ=τs(1-e-t/T) (4)
Several corresponding thermal time constant T are can obtain, try to achieve thermal time constant T average value accordingly
26) by T=cm/ (KTA) can obtain：
By thermal time constant average valueThe parameter generations such as conductor specific heat capacity c, conductor quality m, the effective area of dissipation A of conductor
Enter formula (5), you can try to achieve cooling device it is not actuated in the case of be tested the synthesis coefficient of heat transfer K of current loop conductorT；
27) in the case of cooling device startup, it is initially powered up to the conductor from cold conditions；
28) step 22) -26 is pressed), you can try to achieve the comprehensive radiating that current loop conductor is tested in the case of cooling device starts
COEFFICIENT KT。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：1) without current transformer, current sensor, completely using non electrical quantity (temperature)
Detection method realizes current measurement, and range is unlimited, that is to say, that current sensing means of the invention only needs a kind of specification, i.e.,
The measurement of arbitrary size electric current can be achieved, suitable for large-scale production, user inventory is greatly decreased；2) detection means is in light weight, body
Product is small, cost is low, is particularly advantageous for reducing the cost of high-current detector, greatly reduces its volume, so that big electricity
Stream complete sets of electric switchgears and control devices equipment further minimizes, is intelligent.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is current sensing means pie graph of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the contact temperature-measuring schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention uses digital temperature sensor；
Wherein, 1- conductor temperatures detection module；11- digital temperature sensors；2- environment temperature detection modules；3- master control lists
Member；6- is tested the conductor of current loop
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of current sensing means based on temperature detection of the present invention, including：Conductor temperature detection module
1st, environment temperature detection module 2, main control unit 3；Conductor temperature detection module 1, environment temperature detection module 2 will collect respectively
Conductor temperature and ambient temperature data deliver to main control unit 3；Temperature sensor in conductor temperature detection module 1 can use red
Outer temperature sensor carries out contactless temperature-measuring to the conductor for being tested current loop, can also use digital temperature sensor, heat
Galvanic couple carries out contact temperature-measuring to the conductor for being tested current loop.Main control unit 3 includes dsp chip, gather working condition signal and
Conductor temperature, environment temperature, by the current value for judging, being calculated tested current loop；In order to obtain higher precision and
Response speed, the DSP with high-speed computation disposal ability need to be used.
Working condition signal includes the breaker operating position signal of the tested current loop break-make of control, cooling device starts letter
Number：The former reflects that breaker is to be in closing position or open position, for judging whether loop has electric current to flow through；The latter is anti-
Cooling situation is reflected, because the different types of cooling, the coefficient of heat transfer of conductor is different, just occurs that the temperature of conductor is identical but logical
The different situation of the electric current crossed, so must know whether cooling device starts.Cooling device is generally fan, and cooling device is not
Start, be the natural type of cooling；Cooling device starts, then is forcing functions mode, and corresponding comprehensive radiating is chosen with this determination
COEFFICIENT KT。
Embodiment：
Contact temperature-measuring：As shown in Fig. 2 conductor temperature detection uses digital temperature sensor 11, such as DS18B20, by number
Word temperature sensor DS18B20 is close to the surface of tested return conductors 6, its data wire DQ and main control unit 3 DSP input ports
It is connected, you can detect conductor temperature in real time；Environment temperature also uses digital temperature sensor DS18B20, its data wire simultaneously
DQ is also connected with the DSP of main control unit 3 another input port, you can detects environment temperature in real time；Both subtract each other, you can obtain
The temperature rise of conductor τ on institute survey time road.
The electric current detecting method of the above-mentioned current sensing means based on temperature detection, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, by test obtain that cooling device is not actuated respectively and start operating performance under be tested the comprehensive of current loop conductor
Close coefficient of heat transfer KT, its method is：
21) in the case of cooling device is not actuated, i.e., in the case of natural cooling, opened to tested current loop conductor from cold conditions
Begin to be powered；
22) when conductor reaches heating stabilization, stable temperature rise value τ is obtained by measurements；
23) power supply is cut off, conductor is cooled to environment temperature；
24) with step 21) it is same under conditions of to conductor lead to an equal amount of electric current, and timing, survey temperature rise of conductor τ,
Formed some groups (t, τ)；
25) τ that some groups (t, the τ) and step 22) obtained measurement are obtainedsSubstitution formula (4)：
τ=τs(1-e-t/T) (4)
Several corresponding thermal time constant T are can obtain, try to achieve thermal time constant T average value accordingly
26) by T=cm/ (KTA) can obtain：
By thermal time constant average valueThe constant generations such as conductor specific heat capacity c, conductor quality m, the effective area of dissipation A of conductor
Enter formula (5), you can try to achieve cooling device it is not actuated in the case of synthesis coefficient of heat transfer KT；
27) in the case of cooling device startup, i.e., in the case of forcing functions, it is initially powered up to conductor from cold conditions；
28) step 22) -26 is pressed), you can try to achieve the synthesis coefficient of heat transfer K in the case of cooling device startsT。
Step 2, environment temperature, the conductor temperature and working condition signal of tested current loop are gathered；
Step 3, the breaker operating position signal in working condition signal is analyzed, if breaker is in open position, is sentenced
It is 0 to determine electric current, output current value 0, return to step 2；Otherwise step 4 is gone to；
Step 4, the cooling device enabling signal in working condition signal is analyzed, whether is worked according to cooling device, is chosen corresponding
Synthesis coefficient of heat transfer KT；
Step 5, the conductor temperature of tested current loop is subtracted into the temperature that environment temperature obtains the conductor of tested current loop
Appreciation τ；
Step 6, calculating current value, detailed process are as follows：
1) according to heat balance principle, in conductor caused heat be equal to the heat dissipation capacity of conductor with improve conductor self-temperature and
The heat sum of absorption, i.e. heat conservation equation：
Pdt=KTAτdt+cmdτ (1)
In formula, Pdt is in the gross calorific power of dt time inner wires, KTA τ dt are total heat dissipation capacity in dt time inner wires
(Newton's formula), cmd τ are the heat absorbed when dt time inner wires temperature raises d τ, and P is that electric current passes through produced by conductor
Energy loss be referred to as resistance loss (or joule loss), P=KI2R, K are added losses coefficient, and I is the electric current in conductor,
R is conductor resistance, and A is the effective area of dissipation of conductor, KTFor comprehensive coefficient of heat transfer, c is conductor specific heat capacity, and m is conductor quality, τ
For temperature rise of conductor, τ=θ-θ0, θ is conductor temperature, θ0For environment temperature.
2) formula (1) is solved, can be obtained：
In formula, τ0For initial temperature rise, T is heating time constant, i.e. thermal inertia time, T=cm/ (KTA)。
3) by P=KI2R substitutes into formula (2), arranges：
Electric current and temperature rise, the relation of time are understood by formula (3).The synthesis coefficient of heat transfer that sampling instant t, step 4 are chosen
KT, the obtained temperature rise of conductor value τ in tested loop of step 5, and the effective area of dissipation A of conductor, conductor resistance R, added losses
The parameter substitution formulas (3) such as COEFFICIENT K, conductor specific heat capacity c, conductor quality m, you can try to achieve the current value in now loop.
Further, formula (4) derives as follows：
After being powered to conductor, when conductor temp.-elevating is stable, that is, reach stable temperature rise, now d τ=0, gross calorific power is equal to total
Heat dissipation capacity, then had by formula (1)：
P=KTAτs (6)
In formula, τsFor the stable temperature rise of conductor.
Formula (6) is substituted into formula (1), had：
In formula, T is heating time constant, T=cm/ (KTA)。
If conductor is from initial temperature rise τ0It is initially powered up, until reaching stable temperature rise τs, solve an equation (7), obtains
τ=τs(1-e-t/T)+τ0e-t/T (8)
If τ0=0, i.e. conductor is initially powered up from cold conditions, then formula (8) can be changed to：
τ=τs(1-e-t/T) (4)。
Claims (2)
1. a kind of electric current detecting method of the current sensing means based on temperature detection, the current sensing means include：Conductor
Temperature detecting module, environment temperature detection module, main control unit；The conductor temperature detection module, environment temperature detection module
It is connected with main control unit；The conductor temperature detection module includes temperature sensor, for detecting leading for tested current loop
Temperature；The main control unit includes dsp chip, collection conductor temperature, environment temperature and working condition signal, by being calculated
Current value；The working condition signal refers to the breaker operating position signal of tested current loop, cooling device enabling signal；It is special
Sign is, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, by testing, acquisition cooling device respectively is not actuated to be dissipated with the synthesis that current loop conductor is tested under start operating performance
Hot COEFFICIENT KT；
Step 2, environment temperature, the conductor temperature and working condition signal of tested current loop are gathered；
Step 3, the breaker operating position signal in working condition signal is analyzed, if breaker is in open position, judges electricity
Flow for 0, return to step 2；Otherwise step 4 is gone to；
Step 4, the cooling device enabling signal in working condition signal is analyzed, whether is worked according to cooling device, is chosen corresponding comprehensive
Close coefficient of heat transfer KT；
Step 5, the conductor temperature of tested current loop is subtracted into environment temperature and obtains the temperature rise of conductor value τ of tested current loop；
Step 6, calculating current value, detailed process are as follows：
1) according to heat balance principle, caused heat is equal to the heat dissipation capacity of conductor and raising conductor self-temperature and absorbed in conductor
Heat sum, i.e. heat conservation equation：
Pdt=KTAτdt+cmdτ (1)
Primary condition：τ|T=0=τ0
In formula, Pdt is in the gross calorific power of dt time inner wires, KTA τ dt are total heat dissipation capacity in dt time inner wires, and cmd τ are
The heat absorbed when dt time inner wires temperature raises d τ, P are that electric current is referred to as electricity by energy loss caused by conductor
Resistance loss, P=KI2R, K are added losses coefficient, and I is the electric current in conductor, and R is conductor resistance, and A is the effective radiating surface of conductor
Product, KTFor comprehensive coefficient of heat transfer, c be conductor specific heat capacity, and m is conductor quality, and τ is the temperature rise of conductor, τ=θ-θ0, θ is conductor temperature
Degree, θ0For environment temperature, τ0For initial temperature rise；
2) formula (1) is solved, can be obtained：
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The synthesis coefficient of heat transfer K that sampling instant t, step 4 are chosenT, the obtained temperature rise of conductor value of tested current loop of step 5
τ, and the parameter generation such as the effective area of dissipation A of conductor, conductor resistance R, added losses COEFFICIENT K, conductor specific heat capacity c, conductor quality m
Enter formula (3), you can try to achieve the current value being now tested in current loop.
A kind of 2. detection method of the current sensing means based on temperature detection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step
The not actuated synthesis radiating system with tested current loop conductor under start operating performance of cooling device is obtained respectively by testing described in rapid 1
Number KT, its method is：
21) in the case of cooling device is not actuated, it is initially powered up to tested current loop conductor from cold conditions；
22) when the conductor reaches heating stabilization, stable temperature rise value τ is obtained by measurements；
23) power supply is cut off, the conductor is cooled to environment temperature；
24) with step 21) it is same under conditions of to the conductor lead to an equal amount of electric current, and timing, survey temperature rise of conductor τ,
Formed some groups (t, τ)；
25) τ that some groups (t, the τ) and step 22) obtained measurement are obtainedsSubstitution formula (4)：
τ=τs(1-e-t/T) (4)
Several corresponding thermal time constant T are can obtain, try to achieve thermal time constant T average value accordingly
26) by T=cm/ (KTA) can obtain：
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By thermal time constant average valueThe parameter substitution formulas such as conductor specific heat capacity c, conductor quality m, the effective area of dissipation A of conductor
(5), you can try to achieve cooling device it is not actuated in the case of be tested the synthesis coefficient of heat transfer K of current loop conductorT；
27) in the case of cooling device startup, it is initially powered up to the conductor from cold conditions；
28) step 22) -26 is pressed), you can try to achieve the synthesis coefficient of heat transfer that current loop conductor is tested in the case of cooling device starts
KT。
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| CN110794253A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-02-14 | 珠海万力达电气自动化有限公司 | Switch cabinet health state evaluation method and device |
| CN112485505A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-12 | 电子科技大学 | High-frequency alternating current amplitude detection method based on infrared thermal imaging |
| CN117665400A (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-03-08 | 安徽农业大学 | Switch contact resistance online detection system and method based on temperature detection |
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