CN107883493B - Infrared radiation refrigerating system with closed refrigerating function - Google Patents
Infrared radiation refrigerating system with closed refrigerating function Download PDFInfo
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- CN107883493B CN107883493B CN201711128935.8A CN201711128935A CN107883493B CN 107883493 B CN107883493 B CN 107883493B CN 201711128935 A CN201711128935 A CN 201711128935A CN 107883493 B CN107883493 B CN 107883493B
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- infrared radiation
- refrigeration
- interlayer
- storage tank
- water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0089—Systems using radiation from walls or panels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
- F24F2005/0064—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
Abstract
An infrared radiation refrigeration system with a closed refrigeration function comprises a high-reflection layer (1), a strong infrared radiation layer (2), an interlayer (3) made of high-light-transmission high polymer materials, a liquid storage tank (5), an upper water pump and a lower water electromagnetic valve (4). The interlayer is connected with a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is filled with refrigeration sealing solution (6), and the refrigeration sealing solution at least contains infrared radiation strong absorption components with the wavelength of 8-13 microns. The invention adds a closed interlayer made of high light-transmitting high polymer materials on one surface of the infrared radiation refrigeration system facing to the outer space, and conveys refrigeration closed solution into the closed interlayer through a liquid storage tank outside the interlayer, thereby realizing system refrigeration in summer and stopping the system refrigeration in winter. If the invention is applied to the building industry, the aim of cooling the building in summer can be fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an infrared radiation refrigerating system with a closed refrigerating function, belonging to the technical field of refrigeration.
Background
According to the Planck black body radiation law, any object with the temperature higher than absolute zero radiates heat energy to the outside in the form of electromagnetic waves, and the temperature of the object is reduced due to the radiation of the energy outwards, namely radiation cooling. Stefan-boltzmann states that the full radiated power of a black body is proportional to its absolute temperature to the power of 4, and it is calculated that a 1 square meter absolute black body radiates 460W of radiant energy in the full band at 300K. A black body will reduce its temperature at a significant rate if it only radiates without absorbing energy from the environment. In theory, radiation cooling can be used to develop refrigeration technology that does not require electrical energy nor rely on external energy sources, which is radiation refrigeration technology.
Currently, radiation refrigeration technology has made significant progress in addressing the two most fundamental problems. These two problems are: first, how to efficiently emit heat as infrared radiation; second, the actual radiation cooling system absorbs heat radiation and solar radiation while radiating heat energy to the outside. At night, the refrigeration system may decrease efficiency by absorbing radiation in the environment; in the daytime under the sunlight, if the absorbed heat radiation of the sun and the environment is larger than the heat radiation of the sun and the environment, the total effect of the system will raise the temperature of the system, and the purpose of refrigeration can not be achieved completely, which means that an efficient reflection system is necessary to reflect the sunlight and the heat radiation of the environment.
In 2014, the research group of Shanhui Fan, Stanford university, made a breakthrough in solving the above two problems, and its work was published in Nature Vol 515, pp 540-544 (27 November, 2014) entitled "Passive radial simultaneous thin film cooler direct support", in which films of two materials, silicon dioxide and hafnium dioxide, with different thicknesses are periodically alternated to form a layer structure with seven layers in total. This layered structure not only reflects up to 97% of the sunlight, thus avoiding as much as possible a rise in temperature due to exposure to sunlight, but it also releases energy to the outside by radiating infrared rays with a wavelength of 8-13 microns. The infrared ray with the wavelength of 8-13 microns is an atmospheric infrared window, and the infrared ray in the wavelength band can directly reach outer space with lower temperature without being absorbed by the atmospheric layer. Experiments have shown that such a layered structure is still able to reduce the temperature of an object covered under it by 5 degrees celsius even during the day and in direct sunlight. This research effort for the first time made possible radiative cooling even in direct sunlight. The work of Shanhui Fan was improved by Xiaobo Yin, university of Colorado, to obtain a more efficient, inexpensive and mass-producible film, which was published in the journal of science 3.2017 under the heading "Scalable-functionalized glass-polymer hybrid for digital radial coating". The film is made of polymethylpentene (TPX) transparent plastic, and is prepared by doping TPX with fine glass beads, drawing the finished product into a sheet with a thickness of about 50 microns, plating silver on the surface, enabling the silver-plated surface to face downwards, reflecting 96% of sunlight back by the composite material, radiating heat energy to the space by infrared, especially an atmospheric infrared window of 8-13 microns, and radiating and refrigerating with a radiation refrigerating power of about 100W/M2. The specific radiation power varies with day and night and with the intensity of the sun.
Although theoretically, the infrared radiation refrigeration system could be attached to the roof of a building to provide cooling and energy conservation, in most areas, the system is not practical. Because, in general, houses need to reflect sunlight and cool in summer, but in winter, people need sunlight to heat roofs, but roofs covered with the infrared radiation refrigerating system cannot absorb sunlight in winter, and continuously extract energy from the roofs and throw the energy to space, so that the houses are refrigerated in summer and winter, which is undoubtedly a major defect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve an infrared radiation refrigerating system, so that the system can play a role of reflecting sunlight and refrigerating through an atmospheric infrared radiation window when refrigeration is needed in summer and the like, but the refrigerating function is closed by closing the atmospheric infrared radiation window in winter and other low-temperature seasons to preserve heat of a building.
The technical scheme is that the infrared radiation refrigeration system with the closed refrigeration function comprises a high-reflection layer, a strong infrared radiation layer, an interlayer made of high-light-transmission high-polymer materials, a liquid storage tank, a water feeding pump and a water discharging electromagnetic valve; the system is provided with a high reflecting layer, a strong infrared radiation layer and an interlayer in sequence from the bottom layer to the upper layer on the surface facing sunlight; the liquid inlet of the interlayer is connected with a liquid storage tank through a pipeline and a water feeding pump; the liquid outlet of the interlayer is connected with a liquid storage tank through a pipeline and a water discharge electromagnetic valve; the liquid storage tank is filled with refrigeration sealing solution; the refrigerating closed solution at least contains a component with strong absorption to infrared radiation with the wavelength of 8 to 13 microns.
The refrigerating sealing solution consists of aqueous solution of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, glycol, sucrose, fructose and glucose; or a mixture of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, sucrose, fructose, glucose and saline.
The refrigerating closed solution consists of cane sugar and water; wherein the mass percentage of the sucrose is between 2 percent and 40 percent, and the mass percentage of the water is between 60 percent and 98 percent.
The refrigerating closed solution consists of cane sugar, water, glycol or salts; the mass percentage of the cane sugar is 2-40%, the mass percentage of the water is 60-96%, and the mass percentage of the ethylene glycol or the salt is 2-4%.
The high-light-transmission high polymer material is high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
The high reflecting layer is TiO2A film, a CdS film, a silver film, or an aluminum film.
The strong infrared radiation layer is polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) and poly 4-methylpentene (TPX) polymer; or titanium oxide (TiO)2）、ZnO、BaSO4、MgO、LiF、ZrO2Beads or films of silica inorganics.
In summer, sunlight is reflected out of the system by the infrared radiation refrigeration system after passing through the high-light-transmission high-molecular polymer material and reaching a high-light-reflection layer of the system, and the system radiates heat to the space through the high-light-transmission high-molecular polymer material and an atmospheric radiation window to refrigerate the system. When the low-temperature season comes, the refrigerating closed solution in the liquid storage tank flows into or is pumped into the high-light-transmission high polymer material interlayer by controlling a valve or a water pump, the refrigerating closed solution closes an infrared radiation window of the atmosphere by absorbing 8-13 micron infrared radiation, so that the infrared radiation of an infrared radiation refrigerating system is prevented from radiating to the space, and the system is stopped to refrigerate continuously in winter. When refrigeration is needed in summer, the refrigeration closed solution flows into or is pumped into the liquid storage tank through the control of the electromagnetic valve. And (4) cleaning residual liquid in the interlayer of the high-light-transmittance high polymer material, drying, and switching the infrared radiation refrigeration system to a refrigeration state again.
The refrigerating closed solution of the infrared radiation refrigerating system at least contains a component with strong absorption to infrared radiation with the wavelength of 8 to 13 microns. At the same time, because the infrared radiation of 18 to 32 microns wavelength of the atmosphere has a weaker secondary radiation window, the refrigeration sealing solution containing the substance absorbing the infrared radiation of 18 to 32 microns wavelength can improve the refrigeration inhibition rate. If the refrigeration is sealedThe inclusion of a solar absorbing component such as carbon black in the confining liquid also improves the solar absorption of the building in winter and thereby heats the building. Experiments show that water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, glycol, sucrose, fructose, glucose and the like have corresponding absorption peaks in an infrared band of 8-13 micrometers and a wavelength of 18-32 micrometers, and the water and the mixture of the monohydric alcohol, the polyhydric alcohol or the polyhydric aldehyde alcohol have infrared absorption and can prevent water from freezing in winter, so that the water can be used as a main component of the refrigerating sealing liquid. In addition, saline solutions such as NaCl, CaCl2The salt water solution also has the functions of preventing freezing and absorbing infrared radiation of corresponding wave bands. In all aqueous solutions, the sucrose with unit mass has the strongest accumulated infrared absorption in an infrared band of 8-13 microns and a wavelength of 18-32 microns, has certain antifreezing effect and high safety, and is a preferred component of the refrigeration sealing liquid. The mass percentage of the sucrose in the refrigerating confining liquid can be between 2 and 40 percent, and the mass percentage of the water is between 60 and 98 percent. Ethylene glycol or salts can be added to reduce the freezing point according to different regions, and the refrigerating sealing liquid comprises the following components: the mass percentage of the sucrose is between 2 and 40 percent, the mass percentage of the water is between 60 and 96 percent, and the content of the glycol or the salt is between 2 and 40 percent. And a sunlight absorbent such as carbon black can be added into the refrigeration sealing liquid to improve the heat absorption function of the building.
In order to achieve the effects of high reflection and high infrared radiation in a specific area, the infrared radiation material can be polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), poly-4-methylpentene (TPX) and the like, and can also be titanium oxide (TiO)2）、ZnO、BaSO4、MgO、LiF、ZrO2Beads or films of inorganic substances such as silicon oxide; the sunlight-reflecting material includes but is not limited to TiO2CdS, silver film or aluminum film.
The invention has the advantages that the closed interlayer made of high-light-transmission high polymer materials is added on one surface of the infrared radiation refrigeration system facing to the outer space, and the refrigeration closed solution is conveyed into the closed interlayer through the liquid storage tank outside the interlayer, so that the refrigeration of the system in summer and the refrigeration of the system in winter are stopped, and the aim of refrigerating the building in summer can be fulfilled if the invention is applied to the building industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an IR radiation refrigeration system with closed refrigeration according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a strong light reflecting layer; 2 is a strong infrared radiation layer; 3 is an interlayer; 4 is an electromagnetic valve; 5 is a liquid storage tank; and 6 is refrigerating sealing liquid.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The present embodiment constitutes a system with strong reflection and strong infrared radiation, which comprises a silver-plated film, a polyvinyl chloride layer on the silver-plated film, and a TiO layer embedded in the polyvinyl chloride layer from the bottom to the top2. An interlayer made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is arranged above the high-reflection and high-infrared radiation system, and a liquid storage tank is additionally arranged in the interlayer, wherein refrigeration sealing liquid is stored in the tank, and the components of the refrigeration sealing liquid are 15% sucrose aqueous solution. The liquid level of the liquid storage tank is lower than the roof. The liquid storage tank and the interlayer made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) are respectively connected by two pipelines of a water feeding pump and a water discharging valve. The water pump and the electromagnetic valve can convey the 15% sucrose solution in the liquid storage tank to the space between the polyethylene (HDPE) interlayers. In summer, the valve is opened to allow the refrigeration sealing liquid to automatically flow back to the pot lid, and tap water can be pumped to the roof to clean residual solutes in the interlayer. Such a device, in summer, because there is no aqueous solution of sucrose in the interlayer, its silver coating and TiO2The material can reflect more than 95% of solar rays, and the infrared radiation heat dissipation material can also radiate heat to the outer space in an infrared mode without shielding, so that the temperature of the material is reduced, and the effects of cooling and energy saving are achieved. In winter, as long as enough cane sugar aqueous solution is pumped in the interlayer, the cane sugar aqueous solution can absorb partial solar energy to increase the temperature of the cane sugar aqueous solution, and the water and cane sugar have strong absorption peaks in an infrared band of 8-13 microns and an infrared band of 18-32, so that the greenhouse effect completely shields the infrared radiation refrigeration system from radiating and radiating outwards to the space, and the system cannot cause excessive heat loss in winter.
Example 2
When the system is used in cold areas in winter, the refrigeration sealing liquid adopted by the embodiment has the functions of heat absorption and infrared radiation prevention and also has a better anti-freezing function. In the high-reflection and high-infrared radiation system of the present embodiment, the structure is as follows from the bottom layer to the upper layer: the aluminum foil, polyvinyl chloride coated on the aluminum foil and hollow glass beads embedded in the middle upper part of the polyvinyl chloride. On top of the highly reflective and high infrared radiation system is a sandwich made of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). And a liquid storage tank is additionally arranged, and the liquid storage tank and an interlayer made of high-density polyethylene are respectively connected by two different pipelines of a water feeding pump and a water discharging valve. The tank is filled with refrigeration sealing liquid. The components and mass ratio of the refrigeration sealing liquid are 15 percent of glucose, 15 percent of glycol and 70 percent of water solution. The liquid storage tank is positioned higher than the roof. When necessary, the water solution in the liquid storage tank can automatically flow between the interlayers made of polyethylene (HDPE) by opening the valve, the refrigeration sealing liquid is firstly pumped into the liquid storage tank by using water before summer comes, and then the residual solute in the interlayers is cleaned by using tap water. In summer, because the interlayer is not blocked by the aqueous solution, the system can reflect more than 95% of solar rays, and the infrared radiation heat dissipation material can freely radiate heat to the outer space in the form of infrared rays, so that the effects of reducing temperature and saving energy are achieved. In winter, enough refrigerating confining liquid is pumped in the interlayer, the latter can absorb part of solar energy to raise the temperature of the interlayer, and the greenhouse effect of the refrigerating system completely shields the infrared radiation cooling system from radiating and radiating to the outer space because water, glucose and glycol have strong absorption peaks in an infrared band of 8-13 microns and an infrared band of 18-32 microns, so that the refrigerating system cannot cause excessive heat loss in winter. Meanwhile, the solution containing 15% of glucose, 20% of glycol and 65% of water has a lower freezing point, and can still keep a liquid state at 18 ℃ below zero, so that the consequence of damaging a polyethylene interlayer possibly caused by icing and volume expansion is avoided.
Claims (3)
1. An infrared radiation refrigeration system with closed refrigeration function comprises a high reflection layer and a strong infrared radiation layer, and is characterized by also comprising an interlayer made of high-light-transmission high polymer materials, a liquid storage tank, an upper water pump and a lower water electromagnetic valve; the system is provided with a high reflecting layer, a strong infrared radiation layer and an interlayer in sequence from the bottom layer to the upper layer on the surface facing sunlight; the liquid inlet of the interlayer is connected with a liquid storage tank through a pipeline and a water feeding pump; the liquid outlet of the interlayer is connected with a liquid storage tank through a pipeline and a water discharge electromagnetic valve; the liquid storage tank is filled with refrigeration sealing solution; the refrigerating closed solution at least contains a component with strong absorption to infrared radiation with the wavelength of 8 to 13 microns.
2. An infrared radiation refrigeration system with enclosed refrigeration function as claimed in claim 1 wherein said refrigerated enclosed solution is comprised of sucrose and water; wherein the mass percentage of the sucrose is between 2 percent and 40 percent, and the mass percentage of the water is between 60 percent and 98 percent.
3. An infrared radiation refrigeration system with enclosed refrigeration function as claimed in claim 1 wherein said refrigerated enclosed solution is comprised of sucrose, water, ethylene glycol or salts; the mass percentage of the cane sugar is 2-40%, the mass percentage of the water is 60-96%, and the mass percentage of the glycol or the salt is 2-4%.
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| CN108507227A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-07 | 深圳瑞凌新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of cooling water system using radiation refrigeration |
| WO2020140082A1 (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-02 | SkyCool Systems, Inc. | Cooling panel system |
| CN109668347A (en) * | 2019-01-19 | 2019-04-23 | 天津大学 | Classifying porous passive type radiation-cooled structure and cooling means based on biological plastics |
| CN109631409A (en) * | 2019-01-19 | 2019-04-16 | 天津大学 | The passive type radiation-cooled structure and cooling means of high temperature resistant high IR transmitting |
| CN109631408A (en) * | 2019-01-19 | 2019-04-16 | 天津大学 | Biodegradable infrared emission passive type radiation-cooled structure and cooling means |
| CN109708336A (en) * | 2019-01-19 | 2019-05-03 | 天津大学 | Classifying porous passive type radiation-cooled structure and cooling means based on reverse phase synthesis |
| JP6890724B2 (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-06-18 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Radiative cooling device and radiative cooling method |
| EP3956614A1 (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2022-02-23 | Skycool Systems, Inc. | Radiative cooling systems |
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| CN2439531Y (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2001-07-18 | 苏小明 | Transparent shielding window |
| CN2444011Y (en) * | 2000-10-17 | 2001-08-22 | 高纪凡 | Building structure with solar energy |
| JP2005163989A (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Vacuum insulating material and using method of same |
| CN2727359Y (en) * | 2004-07-19 | 2005-09-21 | 王辉 | Double window with liquid medium |
| CN1975385B (en) * | 2006-12-25 | 2010-08-18 | 同济大学 | Method for screening radioactive cooling materials by infrared spectrum |
| CN201215420Y (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-04-01 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一〇研究所 | Highly efficient radiation cooling board for space |
| CN102162672B (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2015-11-18 | 严继光 | Can the radiation heat exchange plate of outdoor use and corresponding template radiation air-conditioner |
| CN103486760B (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学技术大学 | Solar heat collection-radiation refrigeration integration device |
| WO2016089979A1 (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-09 | Andreas Hieke | Methods and functional elements for enhanced thermal management of predominantly enclosed spaces |
| CN105241081B (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-08-29 | 广东五星太阳能股份有限公司 | Composite parabolic optically focused collection radiator with thermal-arrest on daytime and nocturnal radiation refrigerating function |
| CN107327054A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of radiation refrigeration glass curtain wall and its cooling means |
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