CN107881282A - A kind of phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking technique - Google Patents
A kind of phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN107881282A CN107881282A CN201711131390.6A CN201711131390A CN107881282A CN 107881282 A CN107881282 A CN 107881282A CN 201711131390 A CN201711131390 A CN 201711131390A CN 107881282 A CN107881282 A CN 107881282A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- iron ore
- prereduction
- phosphorus
- iron
- dephosphorization
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/08—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking technique, comprises the following steps：Mixed after high phosphorus refractory iron ore and lignite are crushed respectively with Dephosphorising agent lime and sodium carbonate, mixed proportion is according to the weight ratio of three：Iron ore: lignite: lime: sodium carbonate=100: 30~100: 5~20: 1~10；Mixed material is subjected to prereduction in rotary kiln；Dephosphorising agent lime is added in material after prereduction and sodium carbonate carries out melting, and skimmed twice separation molten iron discharging and slag, molten iron obtain refining molten iron again through ladle refining.Present invention process flow is short, and without pelletizing process, hot-fluid is without interruption, and dephosphorization efficiency is higher, and molten iron can be directly as cast iron raw material or steelmaking feed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, and in particular to a kind of phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking work
Skill.
Background technology
Basic industry of the steel and iron industry as national economy, its development level have become the weight of a national comprehensive strength
Indicate.The rapid development of steel and iron industry, cause China that the demand of iron ore is significantly increased, turn into the iron of maximum in the world
Demand on ore state.According to《Mineral Resources in China reports (2017)》It has been shown that, by the end of the end of the year 2016, China's iron ore finds out that iron ore provides
84,100,000,000 tons of source reserves, are aboundresources.But iron ore lean ore is more, rich ore is few, and rich iron ore only accounts for 2.8%, average Iron grade
For 30%~32%, Iron grade average than the world is about low 11~13 percentage points.It is excellent with continuing to increase for domestic Steel demand
Matter iron ore is largely consumed, and the serious state that supply falls short of demand is presented in domestic Iron Ore Market, and most large iron and steel enterprises must not
The iron ore of the states such as Australia, Brazil, India is not given a long price for, iron ore import volume significantly rises, and external dependence degree is year after year
Increase.2016, China's iron ore external dependence degree was more than 87%.Imported Fe ore is depended on unduly, it has also become China's steel
The major hidden danger of iron industrial development.Therefore, domestic phosphorous iron ore deposit is predictably developed, to China's steel and iron industry
Sustainable development has its own strategic significance.
The phosphorus-containing iron ore reserves in China are huge, up to 74.5 hundred million tons, are mainly distributed on the band of the Yangtze river basin one and Yunnan Province
Region, as Mei Shan contains fosfosiderite, Hubei Ningxiang-type iron ore etc..These phosphorous weak-magnetic iron ores mainly have hot-liquid type and appositional pattern
Bloodstone and siderite.The occurrence status of phosphorus are mainly based on apatite in hot-liquid type iron ore, phosphorus in appositional pattern iron ore
Occurrence status mainly exist in oolith shape collophane.Phosphorus in iron ore is mainly with apatite, collophane, fluor-apatite and Lan Tie
The forms such as ore deposit and other mineral intergrowths, infect in the edge of Iron Oxide Minerals, or it is embedding be distributed in quartz and carbonate mineral,
Have a small amount of preservation in the lattice of iron ore mineral, and phosphorite crystal mainly by column, needle-like and it is granuliform in the form of deposit
, granularity is minimum, some even below 2 μm, be not readily separated, refractory ore be divided under the conditions of current economic technology.
But phosphorus belongs to objectionable impurities in smelting iron and steel, steel is set to produce cold short phenomenon, it is necessary to remove.It is therefore desirable to using ore dressing
Method can not effectively dephosphorization phosphorus-containing iron ore expansion further research, develop more rational novel process for smelting.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, the present invention provide a kind of phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking
Technique, the technique is using above-mentioned phosphorous iron ore as raw material, using lignite as reducing agent, while adds Dephosphorising agent dephosphorization, is not melted in ore
At a temperature of change, reacted by the prereduction of coal base and ferriferous oxide is reduced to metallic iron, melt production is directly carried out without cooling
Go out molten iron.The technical scheme is that：
A kind of phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking technique, comprises the following steps：
(1) mixed after crushing high phosphorus refractory iron ore and lignite respectively with Dephosphorising agent lime and sodium carbonate, mixed proportion
It is according to the weight ratio of three：Iron ore: lignite: lime: sodium carbonate=100: 30~100: 5~20: 1~10；
(2) mixed material is subjected to prereduction in rotary kiln；
(3) Dephosphorising agent lime and sodium carbonate are added in the material after prereduction and carries out melting, and skimmed twice point
Molten iron and slag are separated out, molten iron obtains refining molten iron again through ladle refining.
Further, high phosphorus refractory iron ore is crushed to granularity≤50mm, brown coal crushing to granularity in the step (1)
4mm。
Further, the control condition of prereduction is in the step (2)：Temperature is 900~1300 DEG C, and the recovery time is
40~100min.
Further, the control condition of melting is in the step (3)：The addition of lime for charging weight 2~
8%, the addition of sodium carbonate is the 1~5% of charging weight, and temperature is 1400~1800 DEG C, and smelting time is 30~90min.
Compared with prior art, the features of the present invention and beneficial effect are：The present invention using high phosphorus refractory iron ore as raw material, with
Lignite carries out heating prereduction for reducing agent and the ferriferous oxide in iron ore is converted into metallic iron, while adds at a lower temperature
Dephosphorising agent shifts to an earlier date dephosphorization, and heating smelting is carried out to prereduction material, adds appropriate Dephosphorising agent and skims twice dephosphorization, and carries out outside stove
Ladle refining, produce qualified pig iron aquatic products.Present invention process flow is short, and without pelletizing process, hot-fluid is without interruption, heat profit
With rate height.The characteristics of for high-phosphorus iron ore, Dephosphorising agent progress dephosphorization is added under relatively lower temp, dephosphorization efficiency is higher,
And the further dephosphorization in smelting process, qualified molten iron is obtained, the molten iron can have directly as cast iron raw material or steelmaking feed
Larger economic and social benefit.
Illustrate book
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the X-ray spectrum figure of the oolitic hematite used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, described is the solution to the present invention
Release rather than limit.
The oolitic hematite used in the embodiment of the present invention is derived from Hubei Wu Feng, and the marine facies to originate in Devonian strata sink
Product iron ore, its ore belong to Ningxiang's formula oolitic hematite, with oolitic texture and disseminated characterized by phosphorous high oolitic hematite
Based on construction.Component, structure and the embedding cloth relation of oolitic hematite ore are complicated, and Gold in Ores category mineral are mainly bloodstone,
Also containing a small amount of siderite, magnetic iron ore and pyrite etc.；Nonmetallic mineral has quartz, apatite, clay mineral etc..Roe shape particle
The mineral such as middle bloodstone are that concentrically cyclic structure, disseminated grain size are superfine for core group with quartz, chlorite, calcite etc..Ore
Phosphorus high-sulfur is low, and phosphorus exists in the form of apatite.Fig. 2 is the oolitic hematite X-ray spectrum figure used in the embodiment of the present invention,
Its chemical composition is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The ore deposit is selected for the present invention, and this kind of oolitic hematite is not limited to using the method for the present invention.
The equipment that pre-reduction stage uses in the embodiment of the present invention is electrical heating rotary kiln.
The equipment that stage use is smelted iron in the embodiment of the present invention is electric-arc furnace.
The lignite used in the embodiment of the present invention is shenfu coal, and its primary chemical composition is as shown in table 2.The lignite is this hair
Bright selection, method of the invention are not limited to the lignite using the composition.
Table 2
The disintegrating apparatus used in the embodiment of the present invention is PEF100 × 60mm jaw crusher and Φ 200 × 125mm couple
Roll crusher.
Embodiment 1
Oolitic hematite raw ore is crushed to -50mm using jaw crusher, lignite is used into jaw crusher and two pairs of rollers
Disintegrating machine is crushed to -4mm, obtains the red iron muck of roe shape and brown coal powder；
With mixer that iron ore muck, brown coal powder and Dephosphorising agent (lime and sodium carbonate) is well mixed, mixed proportion is pressed
Weight ratio is iron ore muck: brown coal powder: lime: sodium carbonate=100: 50: 10: 2.
Well mixed material is fed from rotary kiln charging aperture, carried out in the electrical heating rotary kiln of not fresh air pre-
Reduction, reduction temperature are 1200 DEG C, recovery time 60min, inclination and slowly revolution of the mixed material in cylinder of rotary kiln
Under effect, material not only along the circumferential direction rolling but also the movement (from high-end to low side) vertically, material is quick during movement
Mixing and temperature reaction.Reduction reaction generation metallic iron occurs for ferriferous oxide in ore and coal dust, phosphide one in ore
Divide and enter in metallic iron, a part generates dephosphorized slag with Dephosphorising agent reaction, and the material after reduction is discharged from low side discharging opening, is obtained
The prereduction material of degree of metalization 90%；
Reacted material is directly fed into electric-arc furnace without cooling and carries out melting, arc temperature is up to 4000 DEG C, melts
It is 1500 DEG C to refine temperature, and adding the sodium carbonate for respectively accounting for charging weight 1.5% and calcirm-fluoride improves molten iron fluidizing performance, and adds
3% lime is skimmed twice prevents rephosphorization, melting 40min；Top scum interval is discharged from cinder notch, the pig iron of bottom in stove
Land and water is continuous to discharge from bottom discharge mouth, and carries out the outer ladle refining of stove and carry out dephosphorization three times, obtains high temperature liquid iron.The present embodiment obtains
To the composition of molten iron be shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Embodiment 2
Oolitic hematite raw ore is crushed to -50mm using jaw crusher, lignite is used into jaw crusher and two pairs of rollers
Disintegrating machine is crushed to -4mm, obtains the red iron muck of roe shape and brown coal powder；
With mixer that iron ore muck, brown coal powder and Dephosphorising agent (lime and sodium carbonate) is well mixed, mixed proportion is pressed
Weight ratio is iron ore muck: brown coal powder: lime: sodium carbonate=100: 60: 15: 4；
Well mixed material is fed from rotary kiln charging aperture, carried out in the electrical heating rotary kiln of not fresh air pre-
Reduction, reduction temperature are 1250 DEG C, recovery time 50min, inclination and slowly revolution of the mixed material in cylinder of rotary kiln
Under effect, material not only along the circumferential direction rolling but also the movement (from high-end to low side) vertically, material is quick during movement
Reduction reaction generation metallic iron occurs for mixing and temperature reaction, ferriferous oxide in ore and coal dust, phosphide one in ore
Divide and enter in metallic iron, a part generates dephosphorized slag with Dephosphorising agent reaction, and the material after reduction is discharged from low side discharging opening, is obtained
The prereduction material of degree of metalization 91%；
Reacted material is directly fed into electric-arc furnace without cooling and carries out melting, arc temperature is up to 4000 DEG C, melts
It is 1500 DEG C to refine temperature, and adding the sodium carbonate for respectively accounting for charging weight 1.5% and calcirm-fluoride improves molten iron fluidizing performance, and adds
3% lime is skimmed twice, melting 50min.Scum interval in top is discharged from cinder notch, in stove the molten iron of bottom successively from
Bottom discharge mouth is discharged, and is carried out the outer ladle refining of stove and carried out dephosphorization three times, obtains high temperature liquid iron.The molten iron that the present embodiment obtains
Composition be shown in Table 4.
Table 4
Embodiment 3
Oolitic hematite raw ore is crushed to -50mm using jaw crusher, lignite is used into jaw crusher and two pairs of rollers
Disintegrating machine is crushed to -4mm, obtains the red iron muck of roe shape and brown coal powder；
With mixer that iron ore muck, brown coal powder and Dephosphorising agent (lime and sodium carbonate) is well mixed, mixed proportion is pressed
Weight ratio is iron ore muck: brown coal powder: lime: sodium carbonate=100: 50: 10: 2；
Well mixed material is fed from rotary kiln charging aperture, carried out in the electrical heating rotary kiln of not fresh air pre-
Reduction, reduction temperature are 1275 DEG C, recovery time 60min, inclination and slowly revolution of the mixed material in cylinder of rotary kiln
Under effect, material not only along the circumferential direction rolling but also the movement (from high-end to low side) vertically, material is quick during movement
Reduction reaction generation metallic iron occurs for mixing and temperature reaction, ferriferous oxide in ore and coal dust, phosphide one in ore
Divide and enter in metallic iron, a part generates dephosphorized slag with Dephosphorising agent reaction, and the material after reduction is discharged from low side discharging opening, is obtained
Degree of metalization is 93% prereduction material；
Reacted material is directly fed into electric-arc furnace without cooling and carries out melting, arc temperature is up to 4000 DEG C, melts
It is 1550 DEG C to refine temperature, and adding the sodium carbonate for respectively accounting for charging weight 1.5% and calcirm-fluoride improves molten iron fluidizing performance, and adds
3% lime is skimmed twice, melting 30min.Scum interval in top is discharged from cinder notch, in stove the molten iron of bottom successively from
Bottom discharge mouth is discharged, and is carried out the outer ladle refining of stove and carried out dephosphorization three times, obtains high temperature liquid iron.The molten iron that the present embodiment obtains
Composition be shown in Table 5.
Table 5
Embodiment 4
Oolitic hematite raw ore is crushed to -50mm using jaw crusher, lignite is used into jaw crusher and two pairs of rollers
Disintegrating machine is crushed to -4mm, obtains the red iron muck of roe shape and brown coal powder；
With mixer that iron ore muck, brown coal powder and Dephosphorising agent (lime and sodium carbonate) is well mixed, mixed proportion is pressed
Weight ratio is iron ore muck: brown coal powder: lime: sodium carbonate=100: 90: 10: 2；
Well mixed material is fed from rotary kiln charging aperture, carried out in the electrical heating rotary kiln of not fresh air pre-
Reduction, reduction temperature are 1200 DEG C, recovery time 60min, inclination and slowly revolution of the mixed material in cylinder of rotary kiln
Under effect, material not only along the circumferential direction rolling but also the movement (from high-end to low side) vertically, material is quick during movement
Reduction reaction generation metallic iron occurs for mixing and temperature reaction, ferriferous oxide in ore and coal dust, phosphide one in ore
Divide and enter in metallic iron, a part generates dephosphorized slag with Dephosphorising agent reaction, and the material after reduction is discharged from low side discharging opening, is obtained
Degree of metalization is 91% prereduction material；
Reacted material is directly fed into electric-arc furnace without cooling and carries out melting, arc temperature is up to 4000 DEG C, melts
It is 1600 DEG C to refine temperature, and adding the sodium carbonate for respectively accounting for charging weight 1.5% and calcirm-fluoride improves molten iron fluidizing performance, and adds
3% lime is skimmed twice, melting 40min.Scum interval in top is discharged from cinder notch, in stove the molten iron of bottom successively from
Bottom discharge mouth is discharged, and is carried out the outer ladle refining of stove and carried out dephosphorization three times, obtains high temperature liquid iron.The molten iron that the present embodiment obtains
Composition be shown in Table 6.
Table 6
The data result provided according to embodiment 1~4 can be seen that to be entered using the technique of the present invention to high phosphorus refractory iron ore
Row processing, the efficient utilization of high phosphorus refractory iron ore can be realized on the basis of shortening technological process, reducing energy consumption.Although above
Through embodiments of the invention have shown and described, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is exemplary, it is impossible to be interpreted as to this
The limitation of invention, one of ordinary skill in the art can be changed to above-described embodiment, change within the scope of the invention,
Replacement and modification.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking technique, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) mixed after crushing high phosphorus refractory iron ore and lignite respectively with Dephosphorising agent lime and sodium carbonate, mixed proportion according to
The weight ratio of three is: iron ore: lignite: lime: sodium carbonate=100: 30~100: 5~20: 1~10；
(2) mixed material is subjected to prereduction in rotary kiln；
(3) Dephosphorising agent lime is added in the material after prereduction and sodium carbonate carries out melting, and is skimmed isolate twice
Molten iron and slag, molten iron obtain refining molten iron again through ladle refining.
A kind of 2. phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
High phosphorus refractory iron ore is crushed to granularity≤50mm, brown coal crushing to granularity≤4mm in the step (1).
A kind of 3. phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The control condition of prereduction is in the step (2)：Temperature is 900~1300 DEG C, and the recovery time is 40~100min.
A kind of 4. phosphorus-containing iron ore prereduction synchronization dephosphorization direct ironmaking technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The control condition of melting is in the step (3)：The addition of lime is the 2~8% of charging weight, and the addition of sodium carbonate is
The 1~5% of charging weight, temperature are 1400~1800 DEG C, and smelting time is 30~90min.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105085444A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | 上海星可高纯溶剂有限公司 | Purification method of chromatographic-grade tetrahydrofuran |
| CN115786620A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-14 | 北京科技大学 | Method for regulating and controlling iron particle morphology in coal-based direct reduction product of refractory iron resource |
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| CN102912111A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-02-06 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Treatment method of oolitic hematite containing phosphorus |
| CN103290158A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-11 | 北京科技大学 | Method for realizing dephosphorization of olitic high-phosphorus iron ore by use of biomass charcoal |
| CN104451016A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-25 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Method for separating metal iron from phosphorus containing iron ore |
| CN105039627A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-11-11 | 重庆大学 | Coal-based direct reduction-melt separation furnace smelting reduction iron-making process using external heating mode |
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| CN102634621A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2012-08-15 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Device and method for treating refractory iron ore |
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Application publication date: 20180406 |