CN107881222A - A kind of method for nucleic acid analysis and its application based on Capillary Electrophoresis - Google Patents

A kind of method for nucleic acid analysis and its application based on Capillary Electrophoresis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107881222A
CN107881222A CN201711168548.7A CN201711168548A CN107881222A CN 107881222 A CN107881222 A CN 107881222A CN 201711168548 A CN201711168548 A CN 201711168548A CN 107881222 A CN107881222 A CN 107881222A
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nucleic acid
detected
passage
segment
electrophoresis
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CN201711168548.7A
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吕华
张吉华
陈功俊
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Nanjing Abduction Gene Technology Co Ltd
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Nanjing Abduction Gene Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12QMEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • C12Q1/6844Nucleic acid amplification reactions
    • C12Q1/6858Allele-specific amplification

Abstract

The present invention relates to area of medical diagnostics, in particular to a kind of method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis and its application.This method includes:Nucleic acid to be detected is divided into the segment composition containing multiple nucleic acid fragments, the segment composition carries fluorochrome label, multichannel is carried out using multiple-pass capillary tube array electrophoresis instrument to the segment composition to detect simultaneously, according to the voltage swing at each passage both ends of length of interval adjustment of default each passage nucleic acid fragment to be detected, to cause the migration rate of the electrophoresis of the default nucleic acid fragment to be detected described in each passage close to identical;Optionally, gather the electrophoresis result information of each passage and spliced, obtain complete information nucleic acid to be detected.Carrying out gene segment analysis using the present invention can shorten time-consuming, when the segment to 500bp or so is analyzed, shorten to from 30~40 minutes about 10 minutes, drastically increase analysis efficiency.

Description

A kind of method for nucleic acid analysis and its application based on Capillary Electrophoresis
Technical field
The present invention relates to area of medical diagnostics, in particular to a kind of method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis And its application.
Background technology
Capillary Electrophoresis (capillary electrophoresis, CE) be ion or charged particle using high voltage electric field as Driving force, using capillary as split tunnel, according to the mobility or the difference of distribution coefficient between component in sample, and realize high Effect, a kind of New Electrophoresis Technique of quick separating.Apparatus includes high voltage power supply, capillary, detector and supplies capillary two End insertion and two liquid storage bottles being connected with power supply.The separation process of Capillary Electrophoresis is typical differential motion process.Mixing For thing in transition process, each sample molecule will gradually be divided into different zone because the speed of itself is different, before fast person, after slow person. Time is longer, and zone is smaller, number is more, distance is more opened, that is, it is better to separate.In a kind of detection of terminal installation of split tunnel Device, molecule is recorded by the situation of terminal, you can obtain electrophoresis pattern.Using the most frequently used CZE as Background electrolyte filled with same composition and same concentrations in example, capillary and slot electrode.Sample (enters from capillary one end Sample end) import, after capillary both ends add certain voltage, charged matter is moved towards the electrode direction opposite with its charge polarity It is dynamic.Simultaneously as the interface of capillary tube inner wall and buffer solution contact forms electric double layer, cause the solution in capillary additional Entirety is moved in one direction in the presence of electric field, i.e. electric osmose flow phenomenon.Because the speed of EOF is faster 5-7 than electrophoretic velocity Times, therefore Capillary Electrophoresis can be moved positive and negative ion and neutral molecule in one direction using EOF together, and ion or Charged particle migration velocity is the vector of electrophoresis and EOF speed.Due to the difference of migration velocity between sample each component, warp Certain time is spent, each component flows out capillary arrival test side by its velocity magnitude and detected successively, is distributed in time Electrophoretic image.Make qualitative analysis with the transit time of spectral peak;Quantitative analysis is carried out by the height or peak area of its spectral peak.
Separation analysis of the fast development of life science to biological sample proposes higher and higher requirement.Because biological sample Species is various, complicated, and sample size is few, prepare, concentrate, separate it is relatively difficult, analysis workload it is big, so people urgently wish High flux, high sensitivity, efficient analysis method are found in prestige.Capillary Electrophoresis is high with its separative efficiency, and analyze speed is fast, sample Product dosage is few, easily realizes the advantages that automation, is played an important role in terms of the analysis of biological sample.Capillary Electrophoresis Numerous aspects of DNA analysis, such as sequencing, gene mutation analysis, DNA segment or PCR primer measure, gene are had application to now Expression, DNA damage analysis, medical diagnosis on disease etc..And mRNA Direct Analysis is relatively difficult, but can also by reverse transcription into Complementary DNA (cDNA) is analyzed.
But in the prior art, in for DNA segment analysis method, generally use is gene in one passage of collection The method that the signal of all bases longs of segment is analyzed.Because the migration rate of big segment can be significantly less than moving for small pieces Speed is moved, so, it is necessary to which time-consuming longer (generally 30 minutes), influence to detect when analyzing the big segment in DNA segment Timeliness.
In view of this, it is special to propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis, and this method will be to be checked Survey nucleic acid to be divided into containing multiple nucleic acid fragments and detected using multiple-pass capillary tube electrophoresis instrument, by limiting each passage Voltage can significantly accelerate detection speed so as to serve the effect to break the whole up into parts.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy uses following technical scheme:
The present invention relates to a kind of method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis, including:
Nucleic acid to be detected is divided into the segment composition containing multiple nucleic acid fragments, the segment composition carries fluorescence Dye marker, multichannel is carried out to the segment composition using multiple-pass capillary tube array electrophoresis instrument and detected simultaneously, according to pre- If the length of interval of each passage nucleic acid fragment to be detected adjust the voltage swing at each passage both ends, it is each logical to cause The migration rate of the electrophoresis of the default nucleic acid fragment to be detected is identical described in road;
Optionally, gather the electrophoresis result information of each passage and spliced, obtain complete information nucleic acid to be detected.
Relational expression is had according to the migration rate v of electrophoresis and electrophoresis electric-field intensity E:
V=k VE
Wherein proportionality coefficient k=Q/ (eaM+b6 η L), Q is the net charge of segment, and a and b are molecular weight and molecular radius Between coefficient of relationship, η is the viscosity of running gel, and L is capillary pipe length.From formula, the migration rate of gene segment with Electrophoretic voltage and the molecular weight of segment have direct relation.
In the prior art, the method for detecting nucleic acid fragment is in same capillary, is allowed plus same voltage The segment of 100-500bp sizes separates.It can be seen from above-mentioned formula, the migration rate of big segment can be significantly less than moving for small pieces Speed is moved, therefore the method for prior art can drag the detection time of slow entirety because the migration rate of big segment is low.
The present invention is by applying different electrophoretic voltages at the both ends of different capillary array passages so that each capillary leads to Road produces separating effect to the segment of different length, and with roughly the same migration rate (because CCD is carrying out detection signal When, it is that the optical excitation signal of each passage is detected simultaneously, therefore migration rate closer to unanimously, then electrophoresis time is got over It is short);After electrophoresis terminates, then by stitching algorithm, the electrophoretic separation data of each passage are spliced, it is possible to finally given The information of whole gene segment.
According to an aspect of the present invention, present invention also offers by the foranalysis of nucleic acids based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above Application of the method in the presence or absence of detection specific gene seat and STR partings.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are:
In existing gene segment analysis, the analysis for 500bp or so segments, generally yielding final result needs to take It 30~40 minutes, can be shortened using the present invention time-consuming, be shorten to from 30~40 minutes about 10 minutes, drastically increase analysis Efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art The required accompanying drawing used is briefly described in embodiment or description of the prior art, it should be apparent that, in describing below Accompanying drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before creative work is not paid Put, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of method provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is instrumentation diagram when being analyzed in embodiment 2 using the capillary array of 8 passages;
Fig. 3 is the electrophoresis datagram before splicing in embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 is the electrophoresis datagram after the completion of splicing in embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the specific steps of the stitching algorithm employed in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis, including:
Nucleic acid to be detected is divided into the segment composition containing multiple nucleic acid fragments, the segment composition carries fluorescence Dye marker, multichannel is carried out to the segment composition using multiple-pass capillary tube array electrophoresis instrument and detected simultaneously, according to pre- If the length of interval of each passage nucleic acid fragment to be detected adjust the voltage swing at each passage both ends, it is each logical to cause The migration rate of the electrophoresis of the default nucleic acid fragment to be detected is identical described in road;
Optionally, gather the electrophoresis result information of each passage and spliced, obtain complete information nucleic acid to be detected.
In existing gene segment analysis, generally yielding final result needs to take 30~40 minutes, can using the present invention It is time-consuming to shorten, it was shorten to from 30~40 minutes about 10 minutes, drastically increases analysis efficiency.
In detection, molecular weight internal standard DNA segment is also added in each passage.
Specifically, operational flowchart such as Fig. 1 institutes of the method for nucleic acid analysis provided by the present invention based on Capillary Electrophoresis Show:
Step 110:Gene is extracted from sample, prepares corresponding template, primer, enters performing PCR amplification, obtains base to be analyzed Because of fragmentation products;
Step 120:Product after amplification is placed in the corresponding hole site of sample panel, such as 96 orifice plates, all holes per a line Place same Product samples in position;
Step 130:The fragment length detected according to default each passage, sets corresponding electrophoretic voltage;
Step 140:Carry out Capillary Electrophoresis, using LIF, each passage electrophoresis result of CCD imaging acquisitions;
Step 150:The result of each passage is spliced, obtains complete gene segment information.
Preferably, the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above, when the nucleic acid to be detected is DNA When, the method that nucleic acid to be detected is divided into the segment composition containing multiple nucleic acid fragments is PCR methods.
Preferably, the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above, when the nucleic acid to be detected is RNA When, reverse transcription is first carried out, recycles PCR methods that nucleic acid to be detected is divided into the segment composition containing multiple nucleic acid fragments.
Preferably, the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above, the fluorochrome label is in described On locus to be checked in nucleic acid to be detected.
Preferably, the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above, by the fluorochrome label in institute The method stated on the locus to be checked in nucleic acid to be detected is:By fluorochrome label in each locus a primer 5 ' End.
Preferably, the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above, the nonoverlapping locus of am-plified fragments It is marked using identical fluorescent dye, the overlapping locus of am-plified fragments is marked using different fluorescent dyes.
5 ' ends of fluorochrome label primer in each locus, the different fluorescence of different genes seat primer mark Marker.Allelic product after amplification carries fluorescence, length allele is separated by electrophoresis, with fluorescence spectrophotometer system Gel allelic is detected.According to the colouring discrimination locus of fluorescence, determine that segment is grown according to the mobility of segment Spend allele.
Preferably, the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above, the fluorescent dye include FAM, It is a variety of in VIC, NED, PET, LIZ, dR110, TAMRA, ROX, JOE, HEX, TET.
In practical operation, the fluorescent dye of different colors can be combined, combine the launch wavelength of fluorescent dye Difference is the bigger the better, usual 20-30nm.The method of combination is known to those skilled in the art.
Preferably, the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above, the length of interval of the nucleic acid fragment The largest passages number of number of partitions≤multiple-pass capillary tube array electrophoresis instrument.
Preferably, the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis, the segment of the nucleic acid to be detected are big as described above Small is 100bp-20kb;More preferably 100bp-3kb;More preferably 100bp-500bp.
The invention provides a kind of novel Capillary Electrophoresis thinking, based on method provided by the present invention, treat in theory The nucleic acid fragment of analysis is bigger, and the effect for shortening analysis time is just further obvious.Multiple-pass capillary tube array electricity in the prior art Swimming instrument can provide up to 96 passages, therefore the present invention can be used for the analysis of super large segment.Thus, it can be known that the analysis of this method Short slab is PCR amplification length, and existing long PCR scope is usually 3-20kb, can if being greater than 3kb To be expanded using long taq enzymes.It is 100bp-500bp that segment size is most commonly analyzed in this area.
Preferably, the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above, the electrophoresis knot of each passage of collection Fruit information simultaneously includes the step of spliced:
Step 110:Denoising and smoothing processing are carried out to internal standard signal in each passage;
Step 120:Selector channel i, peak identification is carried out to internal standard signal, records the position at each peak;
Step 130:The peak position of internal standard signal is arranged according to order from small to large;
Step 140:According to each channel signal feature, corresponding peak position is selected, so that it is determined that the signal extraction model of each passage Enclose;
Step 150:Extract the signal of remaining in addition to internal standard in scope corresponding to passage i;
Step 160:Calculate passage i electrophoretic voltage ViWith the electrophoretic voltage V of passage 11Ratio ki
Step 170:By the signal that step 150 is extracted according to the ratio kiStretching is carried out, to cause passage i It is consistent with the signal of passage 1;
Step 180:Repeat step 120-170, obtain result of all passages after flexible;
Step 190:According to channel sequence, the result that each passage preserves is spliced, obtains complete gene segment letter Breath.
According to an aspect of the present invention, present invention also offers by the foranalysis of nucleic acids based on Capillary Electrophoresis as described above Application of the method in the presence or absence of detection specific gene seat and STR partings.
It is provided by the present invention that the structure of str locus parting collection of illustrative plates is being carried out based on the method for nucleic acid analysis of Capillary Electrophoresis When, have rapidly and efficiently, it is sensitive and accurate the advantages of.
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.It is unreceipted specific in embodiment Condition person, the condition suggested according to normal condition or manufacturer are carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, it is The conventional products of acquisition purchased in market can be passed through.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the capillary array of 16 passages is used to carry out detecting DNA piece of the total length for 1600bp sizes It is disconnected.
Internal standard molecular weight is used to carry out molecular weight demarcation for 75-2000bp.
It will be treated point by 5 ' ends of fluorochrome label primer in each locus to be analyzed, and by PCR method The DNA segment of analysis is divided into segment size corresponding to following each passage:
The segment that 100-200bp is separated in passage 1 is designed, 300-360bp segment is separated in passage 2, is separated in passage 3 400-450bp segment, 500-600bp segment is separated in passage 4, separate 600-670bp segment in passage 5, in passage 6 700-820bp segment is separated, passage 7 separates 850-900bp segment, and passage 8 separates 910-950bp segment, and passage 9 divides Segment from 980-1050bp, passage 10 separate 1000-1090bp segment, and passage 11 separates 1100-1200bp segment, leads to Road 12 separates 1220-1300bp segment, and passage 13 separates 1350-1400bp segment, and passage 14 separates 1410-1450bp's Segment, passage 15 separate 1450-1560bp segment, and passage 16 separates 1550-1600bp segment.
It should be noted that each channel separation detect the setting of nucleic acid fragment directly can be with overlapping (such as in view of drawing Thing design and amplification difficulty have to it is overlapping), can not also it is overlapping (approximate location of known seats inherited, for improve detection efficiency, And when not going all to analyze whole segment DNA segment, can do so).
According to the fragment length of designed each passage, using electrophoresis migration rate v and electrophoresis electric-field intensity E pass It is that formula calculates corresponding electrophoretic voltage so that the migration rate of incipient separation segment is consistent in each passage, i.e., in passage 1 100bp segments, 139bp segments in passage 2,200bp segments in passage 3, the migration rate waited is consistent.Optionally, electrophoresis Each passage is spliced after end, you can obtain interested segment electrophoretogram.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the capillary array of 8 passages is used to carry out detecting DNA segment of the total length for 500bp sizes (as shown in Figure 2).
Molecular weight demarcation is carried out using LIZ-500 molecular weight internal standard, its molecular weight is respectively 75,100,139,150, 160、200、250、300、340、350、400、450、490、500。
It will be treated point by 5 ' ends of fluorochrome label primer in each locus to be analyzed, and by PCR method The DNA segment of analysis is divided into segment size corresponding to following each passage:
The segment that 100-160bp is separated in passage 1 is designed, 160bp-200bp segment is separated in passage 2, is divided in passage 3 Segment from 200-250bp, 250-300bp segment is separated in passage 4,300-350bp segment, passage 6 are separated in passage 5 Middle separation 350-400bp segment, passage 7 separate 400-450bp segment, and passage 8 separates 450-500bp segment.
According to the fragment length of designed each passage, using electrophoresis migration rate v and electrophoresis electric-field intensity E pass It is that formula calculates corresponding electrophoretic voltage so that the migration rate of incipient separation segment is consistent in each passage, i.e., in passage 1 100bp segments, 139bp segments in passage 2,200bp segments in passage 3, the migration rate waited is consistent.In the present embodiment, The electrophoretic voltage of passage 1 is -6.0kV, and the voltage of passage 2 is -6.8kV, and the voltage of passage 3 is -8.3kV, the voltage of passage 4 For -9.7kV, the voltage of passage 5 is -11.3kV, and the voltage of passage 6 is -12.9kV, and the voltage of passage 7 is -15.6kV, passage 8 Voltage be -18.3kV, the electrophoretogram schematic diagram of each passage as shown in figure 3, spliced again, you can obtain complete slice power-off swimming Figure, as shown in Figure 4.The specific steps of splicing are as shown in Figure 5.
Finally it should be noted that:Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations;To the greatest extent The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, but it will be understood by those within the art that:Its The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can still be modified, either to which part or all technical characteristic Carry out equivalent substitution;And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention skill The scope of art scheme.

Claims (10)

  1. A kind of 1. method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis, it is characterised in that including:
    Nucleic acid to be detected is divided into the segment composition containing multiple nucleic acid fragments, the segment composition carries fluorescent dye Mark, multichannel is carried out to the segment composition using multiple-pass capillary tube array electrophoresis instrument and detected simultaneously, according to default The length of interval of each passage nucleic acid fragment to be detected adjusts the voltage swing at each passage both ends, to cause in each passage The migration rate of the electrophoresis of the default nucleic acid fragment to be detected is close to identical;
    Optionally, gather the electrophoresis result information of each passage and spliced, obtain complete information nucleic acid to be detected.
  2. 2. the method for nucleic acid analysis according to claim 1 based on Capillary Electrophoresis, it is characterised in that when described to be detected When nucleic acid is DNA, the method that nucleic acid to be detected is divided into the segment composition containing multiple nucleic acid fragments is PCR methods.
  3. 3. the method for nucleic acid analysis according to claim 2 based on Capillary Electrophoresis, it is characterised in that when described to be detected When nucleic acid is RNA, reverse transcription is first carried out, recycles PCR methods that nucleic acid to be detected is divided into the segment containing multiple nucleic acid fragments Composition.
  4. 4. the method for nucleic acid analysis according to claim 1 based on Capillary Electrophoresis, it is characterised in that the fluorescent dye It is marked on the locus to be checked in the nucleic acid to be detected.
  5. 5. the method for nucleic acid analysis according to claim 4 based on Capillary Electrophoresis, it is characterised in that contaminate the fluorescence Expect that the method on the locus to be checked that is marked in the nucleic acid to be detected is:By the fluorochrome label in each locus In primer 5 ' ends.
  6. 6. the method for nucleic acid analysis according to claim 5 based on Capillary Electrophoresis, it is characterised in that am-plified fragments do not weigh Folded locus is marked using identical fluorescent dye, and the overlapping locus of am-plified fragments is entered using different fluorescent dyes Line flag.
  7. 7. according to the method for nucleic acid analysis based on Capillary Electrophoresis described in claim 1, any one of 4-6, it is characterised in that institute Fluorescent dye is stated including a variety of in FAM, VIC, NED, PET, LIZ, dR110, TAMRA, ROX, JOE, HEX, TET.
  8. 8. the method for nucleic acid analysis according to claim 1 based on Capillary Electrophoresis, it is characterised in that the nucleic acid fragment Length of interval number of partitions≤multiple-pass capillary tube array electrophoresis instrument largest passages number.
  9. 9. the method for nucleic acid analysis according to claim 1 based on Capillary Electrophoresis, it is characterised in that the core to be detected The segment size of acid is 100bp-20kb;More preferably 100bp-3kb;More preferably 100bp-500bp.
  10. 10. specific gene seat is being detected based on the method for nucleic acid analysis of Capillary Electrophoresis described in any one of claim 1~9 Whether there is and STR partings in application.
CN201711168548.7A 2017-11-21 2017-11-21 A kind of method for nucleic acid analysis and its application based on Capillary Electrophoresis Pending CN107881222A (en)

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