CN107878203A - A kind of train pantograph dead electricity detection and protection device and method - Google Patents

A kind of train pantograph dead electricity detection and protection device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107878203A
CN107878203A CN201610864600.1A CN201610864600A CN107878203A CN 107878203 A CN107878203 A CN 107878203A CN 201610864600 A CN201610864600 A CN 201610864600A CN 107878203 A CN107878203 A CN 107878203A
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pantograph
dead electricity
current
value
voltage
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CN107878203B (en
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刘可安
尚敬
付刚
张志学
胡景瑜
罗文广
梅文庆
章志兵
陈志博
彭赟
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CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co Ltd
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CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/008—Testing of electric installations on transport means on air- or spacecraft, railway rolling stock or sea-going vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of detection of train pantograph dead electricity and protection device and method, device to include：Analog quantity sampling unit, voltage, current signal to train traction system sample；Power calculation unit, current transformer power calculation is carried out according to the voltage of sampling, current signal；Intelligent detection unit, the current transformer power being calculated according to the voltage of sampling, current signal, breaker and contactor state, current transformer state, and power calculation unit, carry out the detection of pantograph dead electricity and judgement；Protective seletion unit, if intelligent detection unit detects that pantograph dead electricity occurs in the operating condition in train traction system, the current transformer power being calculated according to power calculation unit, corresponding safeguard measure is taken respectively.The present invention can solve the problem that existing scheme easily causes relevant device in train traction system to bear the voltage or electric current for exceeding normal range (NR) in a short time, so as to influence the technical problem of key components and parts service life in train traction system.

Description

A kind of train pantograph dead electricity detection and protection device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of track traffic, is examined more particularly, to a kind of train pantograph dead electricity applied to railway systems Survey and protection device and method.
Background technology
Current rail industry is vigorously developed, and the electric locomotive or electric EMU of thousands of row are sought on rail track Fortune.Therefore, lifting the ability of train reply unexpected abnormality operating mode turns into the important guarantee of train safety continuous operation.Generally, it is electric During power locomotive or electric EMU are run on rail track, train can be potentially encountered following several fortuitous events, cause Trailer system can not normally be run.
When it is bad in the smooth condition of railway track rail level, or collimation is poor between railway power supply net power transmission line and rail level Circuit on when running, easily there is the bow net segregation phenomenon between pantograph and railway power supply net in train.
Second, to be likely to occur rising bow less than normal to the actual pressure of power supply network and required rated pressure for train pantograph, if running into , also easily there is the bow net segregation phenomenon between pantograph and railway power supply net in the situation that train accelerates or slowed down suddenly suddenly.
Third, railway power supply net is due to some uncontrollable factors, it is possible that paroxysmal short supply interruption situation.
Fourth, some rail tracks, due to being limited by correlated condition, can only use and manually cross split-phase.Work as train When driving between phase-separating section, easily there is driver and be not carried out split-phase associative operation, cause train traction current transformer to be transported in high pressure Situation about being directly entered in the case of row between phase-separating section.
When train runs into these above-mentioned situations, pantograph can be referred to as and be in power failure state.If at train pantograph In power failure state, it will cause the input (i.e. the primary side winding side of tractive transformer) of train traction system both can not be from power supply Net obtains energy, also without normal direction power supply network feedback energy, so as to have influence on the normal operation of traction convertor, and then causes to draw The appearance middle dc voltage overvoltage of current transformer passivity, rectification side input the failures such as excessively stream, inverter side output overcurrent and stopped The situation of work occurs.
For the pantograph dead electricity operating mode in train operation, existing technical scheme is divided to two class situations to be solved：
(1) the first situation is quilt after pantograph dead electricity causes trailer system the failures such as various overvoltages or excessively stream occur Block current transformer to dynamic property.When there is pantograph dead electricity operating mode, trailer system both can not obtain energy from power supply network, also without normal direction Power supply network feedback energy so that trailer system motion control unit control occur it is unbalance, draw main circuit voltage and Exception occurs for electric current, with that can be along with the generation of the failures such as electric voltage over press or overcurrent.Due to overvoltage or excessively stream occurs Failure, motion control unit will block the pulse of rectifier and inverter, trailer system is stopped.When pantograph dead electricity shape After state disappears, unlocked by failure, trailer system can devote oneself to work again.
(2) second of situation are that the situation of synchronizing signal is pressed by monitoring net, are initiatively detected and are protected.By state Family's grid company, Fenghua City power supply administration, Ningbo Power Administration applied on 07 15th, 2013, and in public affairs on October 23rd, 2013 Open, Publication No. CN103368136A Chinese invention patent application《A kind of method and apparatus for handling electrical breakdown》Disclose It is a kind of according to net pressure whether saltus step, and net pressure amplitude value, frequency, the situation of phase, and to power network input nonlinearities signal and examine Survey the judgement and guard method of interference feedback signal.By Navy Engineering Univ. PLA in Shen on October 15th, 2015 Please, it is and open on 01 06th, 2016, Publication No. CN105227042A Chinese invention patent application《High-power high voltage becomes The dead electricity of frequency device crosses over control method》Disclose a kind of power network phase voltage instantaneous value according to this periodic sampling and be stored in internal memory In the sampled values of a upper sinusoidal cycles make comparisons, when the absolute value of its difference and total DC bus-bar voltage reach dead electricity mark It is accurate, then it is assumed that the judgement agent guard method of electrical breakdown.By Nanche Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Institute Co., Ltd in 2011 06 Applied the moon 29, and, Publication No. CN102223125A Chinese invention patent application open on October 19th, 2011《It is a kind of Wind turbines uninterrupted operation control method and device during line voltage failure》Disclose a kind of serious according to line voltage appearance Asymmetric or line voltage is the judgement and guard method of no-voltage.
For the first solution, the pantograph dead electricity operating mode in train operation, using the scheme of passivity indirectly, Its shortcoming is apparent.Due to being that trailer system electric voltage over press or overcurrent failure first occurs, then just protected accordingly Shield, it result in some corresponding equipment of trailer system and bear voltage or electric current beyond normal range (NR) in a short time, having can The service life of electric capacity, reactor, motor etc. can be influenced whether.
Do not possess mostly for second of solution, in the detection of initiative at present and protection scheme universal general Property.Existing research only considers that abnormal situation occurs in power supply network voltage in itself mostly, without to train in operation The situation of four class pantograph dead electricity all considers.Due to railway power supply net net pressure be inherently commonly present larger saltus step, it is necessary to Train traction current transformer presses saltus step operating mode energy normal operation in net, thus according to net pressure whether saltus step, or adopted according to this cycle The sampled value of a upper sinusoidal cycles of the power network phase voltage instantaneous value of sample with being stored in internal memory such as is made comparisons at the detection method, The current transformer domain variability of track traffic is impracticable.Train is in inactivity or lower-powered light duty, even if pantograph dead electricity, Because the rectifier of traction convertor is still working and locking the mutually inertia of itself, net pressure signal still can be present, and amplitude, Frequency, phase are not in significant change.Thus in light duty, can not by net pressure amplitude value, frequency, the situation of phase come Discern whether pantograph dead electricity.And do not allow train targetedly to electricity to power network input nonlinearities signal, general railway power supply net Net input nonlinearities signal, and under the operating mode that pantograph separates with power network, the method can not use.Because railway power supply net is single Phase power network, asymmetry not similar with three phase network, therefore serious asymmetric or power network electricity is occurred according to line voltage Press and also do not applied to for the method for no-voltage.And damped condition or light duty are in train, due to net pressure synchronizing signal still In the presence of, according to no-voltage be difficult under train braking operating mode and light duty realize detect.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of train pantograph dead electricity detection and protection device and method, It can solve the problem that existing scheme easily causes relevant device in train traction system to bear the electricity for exceeding normal range (NR) in a short time Pressure or electric current, so as to influence key components and parts in train traction system, such as electric capacity, reactor, motor service life skill Art problem.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention specifically provides a kind of train pantograph dead electricity detection and protection device Technic relization scheme, a kind of detection of train pantograph dead electricity and protection device, including：
Analog quantity sampling unit, voltage, current signal to train traction system sample；
Power calculation unit, the voltage sampled according to the analog quantity sampling unit, current signal carry out current transformer power Calculate；
Intelligent detection unit, voltage, current signal, breaker and the contactor sampled according to the analog quantity sampling unit State, current transformer state, and the current transformer power that the power calculation unit is calculated, carry out the detection of pantograph dead electricity and Judge；
Protective seletion unit, if the intelligent detection unit detect train traction system occur in the operating condition by Pantograph dead electricity, the then current transformer power being calculated according to the power calculation unit, takes corresponding safeguard measure respectively.
Preferably, voltage, the current signal of the analog quantity sampling unit sampling include net pressure synchronizing signal Uf, it is each whole Flow device ac-side current In1~InX, transformer primary avris electric current If, DC voltage Ud。
Preferably, the current transformer includes rectifier and inverter, and breaker and the contactor state is broken including vacuum Road device, and the first short circuit contactor, the state of the second short circuit contactor.
Preferably, the current transformer state includes stopping operating mode, non-underloading traction working condition, non-underloading damped condition and underloading Operating mode.
Preferably, the analog quantity sampling unit includes sensing link, sampling element, operation amplifier link, AD conversion ring Section and the first proportional component.Voltage, current signal in the sensing link collection train traction system, and output 0~± ImmaxCurrent mode signal.0~± ImmaxCurrent mode signal produces and the sensing link current output type after the sampling element The proportional sampled voltage of signal.Sampled voltage is changed into 0~± 10V standard electric die mould letter by the operation amplifier link Number, the standard electric die mould signal is converted to 0~± 8191 digital quantity signal by the AD conversion link.The AD conversion ring The digital quantity signal of section output passes through first proportional component, is multiplied by the conversion of links in the analog quantity sampling unit Coefficient, obtain voltage corresponding with real voltage, current value in train traction system, current variable.
Preferably, the net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when the analog quantity sampling unitf, transformer Primary side side electric current IfWhen, the power calculation unit using net be pressed with the product of valid value and transformer primary avris current effective value as Current transformer power.
Preferably, the net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when the analog quantity sampling unitf, it is each whole Flow device ac-side current In1~InXWhen, the power calculation unit is by rectifier ac-side current according to transformer voltage ratio, rectification Think highly of number and be converted to transformer primary avris electric current, being then pressed with valid value according to the transformer primary avris electric current and net of conversion calculates change Flow device power.
Preferably, when the analog quantity sampling unit gathers the DC voltage U in train traction systemd, DC current Id When, the power calculation unit is by DC voltage UdWith DC current IdProduct as current transformer power.
Preferably, table of the intelligent detection unit according to current transformer in train traction system under pantograph dead electricity operating mode Existing situation, by the current transformer state under pantograph dead electricity operating mode be divided into current transformer stop operating mode, the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer, The non-underloading damped condition of current transformer, current transformer light duty.
Preferably, when the current transformer, which is in, stops operating mode, the intelligent detection unit is according in each power frequency period Net pressure synchronizing signal voltage peak UfpeakWhether normal net voltage crest value lower limit U is less than or equal tofminCarry out pantograph dead electricity Judge.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in operating condition, and the breaker and contactor are in the state of closure, The intelligent detection unit selects corresponding pantograph dead electricity judgment mode according to the size of current transformer power.
Preferably, if the current transformer is in traction working condition, and current transformer power P is more than or equal to selection mode threshold Value Pthreshold, then the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode life under the intelligent detection unit setting non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer Effect.
Preferably, if the current transformer is in damped condition, and current transformer power P is more than or equal to selection mode threshold Value Pthreshold, then the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode life under the intelligent detection unit setting non-underloading damped condition of current transformer Effect.
Preferably, if the current transformer power P is less than or equal to 1.2*Pthreshold, then the intelligent detection unit set The pantograph dead electricity judgment mode put under current transformer light duty comes into force.
Preferably, when the intelligent detection unit detects pantograph dead electricity, and the current transformer power is met or exceeded Power is set, then the protective seletion unit takes corresponding safeguard measure, blocks the arteries and veins of the rectifier and inverter at once Punching, makes current transformer be stopped, and vacuum circuit breaker described in tripping, and the first short circuit contactor, the second short circuit contactor, with Prevent the electric voltage over press and overcurrent phenomenon due to occurring after pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, when the intelligent detection unit detects pantograph dead electricity, and the current transformer power is less than setting work( Rate, then the protective seletion unit take corresponding safeguard measure, the inverter is unloaded power according to certain slope To zero, the pulse of the rectifier and inverter, and vacuum circuit breaker described in tripping, and the first shorting contact are then blocked again Device, the second short circuit contactor, to avoid the sudden shake of the train caused by thering is power situation to cut off power suddenly.
Preferably, the intelligent detection unit includes the first filtering link and the first comparing element, at the current transformer When non-underloading traction working condition, the first filtering link is to net pressure synchronizing signal UfOutput is filtered after processing to described the One comparing element, the net pressure synchronizing signal U after then first comparing element will be handled after filteringfWith normal net voltage crest value Lower limit UfminJudgement is compared, is less than or waits if all going out the existing network pressure filtered signal of synchronizing signal in half of power frequency period In normal net voltage crest value lower limit Ufmin, then pantograph dead electricity is judged.
Preferably, the intelligent detection unit includes the first difference comparsion link, is led when the current transformer is in non-underloading When drawing operating mode, the first difference comparsion link is according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is real The deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value Judge threshold value I more than or equal to difference with the difference of actual valueD_value_maxWhen, then judge pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, the intelligent detection unit includes the first ratio comparing element, is led when the current transformer is in non-underloading When drawing operating mode, the first difference comparsion link is according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is real The deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value It is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value I with the ratio of actual valueratio_maxWhen, then judge pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, the intelligent detection unit include second filtering link, the second comparing element, the 3rd comparing element and with Knocker section.When the current transformer is in non-underloading damped condition, second comparing element is by DC voltage UdWith it is normal straight Flow upper voltage limit value UdmaxIt is compared, the second filtering link is to net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, then by described Net after handling after filtering is pressed synchronizing signal U by three comparing elementsfWith normal net voltage crest value higher limit UfmaxIt is compared, institute State the output valve of the second comparing element progress and computing in described and knocker section with the output valve of the 3rd comparing element.When DC voltage is more than normal DC upper voltage limit value UdmaxAfter certain limit, if all occurred after filtering in half of power frequency period Net pressure synchronizing signal U after processingfMore than or equal to normal net voltage crest value higher limit UfmaxWhen, then judge pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, the intelligent detection unit includes the second difference comparsion link, when the current transformer is in non-underloading system During condition of starting building, the second difference comparsion link is according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is real The deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value Judge threshold value I more than or equal to difference with the difference of actual valueD_value_maxWhen, then judge pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, the intelligent detection unit includes the second ratio comparing element, when the current transformer is in non-underloading system During condition of starting building, the second ratio comparing element is according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is real The deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value It is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value I with the ratio of actual valueratio_maxWhen, then judge pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, the intelligent detection unit includes extraction calculating link and the 4th comparing element, at the current transformer When light duty, the extraction calculates link extraction net pressure synchronizing signal UfIn the harmonics U that includesh, and described in calculating Harmonics UhVirtual value Uh_rms, then by the 4th comparing element by the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rmsSentence with harmonic wave Disconnected threshold value Uh_thresholdIt is compared, if the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rmsMore than or equal to threshold value Uh_threshold, Then judge pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, the extraction calculates link and asks for link, LPF link and second including trap link, absolute value Proportional component.The trap link is to net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, the rejection frequency that the trap link is directed to is located at The centre frequency of harmonics.By net pressure synchronizing signal UfThe output signal of the trap link is subtracted, it is humorous to obtain feature time Ripple Uh, link is asked for harmonics U by the absolute valuehCarry out absolute value to ask for handling, obtain the absolute of harmonics Value Uh_abs.Again by the LPF link to the U after absolute value asks for processingh_absSecond-order low-pass filter is carried out, is filtered out Of ac, retain DC quantity.Correction factor is multiplied by the DC quantity of reservation by second proportional component, obtains harmonics Virtual value Uh_rms。
The present invention also specifically provides a kind of technic relization scheme of the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and guard method in addition A kind of detection of train pantograph dead electricity and guard method, comprise the following steps：
A) voltage to train traction system, current signal sample；
B voltage, the current signal) obtained according to sampling carries out current transformer power calculation；
C) voltage, current signal, breaker and contactor state, the current transformer state obtained according to sampling, and pass through The current transformer power being calculated, carry out the detection of pantograph dead electricity and judgement；
D) if detecting that pantograph dead electricity occurs in the operating condition in train traction system, according to the change being calculated Device power is flowed, takes corresponding safeguard measure respectively.
Preferably, step A) in by motion control unit sample train traction system voltage, current signal, the biography Voltage, the current signal of dynamic control unit sampling include net pressure synchronizing signal Uf, each rectifier ac-side current In1~InX, become Depressor primary side side electric current If, DC voltage Ud。
Preferably, the current transformer includes rectifier and inverter, step B) in breaker and contactor state include Vacuum circuit breaker, and the first short circuit contactor, the state of the second short circuit contactor.
Preferably, step C) in current transformer state include stop operating mode, non-underloading traction working condition, non-underloading damped condition And light duty.
Preferably, the step A) sampling process further comprise the steps：
Voltage, the current signal in train traction system are gathered, and exports 0~± ImmaxCurrent mode signal；0~± Immax Current mode signal produces the sampled voltage proportional to the current mode signal after flowing through sampling resistor.Sampled voltage passes through computing Amplification is changed into 0~± 10V standard electric die mould signal, and the standard electric die mould signal is transformed to 0~± 8191 by AD conversion Digital quantity signal.The digital quantity signal is multiplied by the conversion coefficient of links in sampling process, obtains and train traction system Real voltage in system, voltage, current variable corresponding to current value.
Preferably, in step B) in, the net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when sampling processf, transformer Primary side side electric current IfWhen, current transformer power is the product that net is pressed with valid value and transformer primary avris current effective value.
Preferably, in step B) in, the net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when sampling processf, it is each whole Flow device ac-side current In1~InXWhen, current transformer power is to think highly of rectifier ac-side current according to transformer voltage ratio, rectification Number is converted to transformer primary avris electric current, and the power of valid value calculating is then pressed with according to the transformer primary avris electric current and net of conversion Value.
Preferably, when sampling process gathers the DC voltage U in train traction systemd, DC current IdWhen, current transformer work( Rate is DC voltage UdWith DC current IdProduct.
Preferably, in step C) in, according to performance feelings of the current transformer in train traction system under pantograph dead electricity operating mode Condition, the current transformer state under pantograph dead electricity operating mode is divided into current transformer and stops operating mode, the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer, unsteady flow The non-underloading damped condition of device, current transformer light duty.
Preferably, when the current transformer, which is in, stops operating mode, synchronizing signal electricity is pressed according to the net in each power frequency period Voltage crest value UfpeakWhether normal net voltage crest value lower limit U is less than or equal tofminCarry out pantograph dead electricity judgement.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in operating condition, and the breaker and contactor are in the state of closure, Corresponding pantograph dead electricity judgment mode is selected according to the size of current transformer power.
Preferably, if the current transformer is in traction working condition, and current transformer power P is more than or equal to selection mode threshold Value Pthreshold, then the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode under the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer is set to come into force.
Preferably, if the current transformer is in damped condition, and current transformer power P is more than or equal to selection mode threshold Value Pthreshold, then the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode under the non-underloading damped condition of current transformer is set to come into force.
Preferably, if the current transformer power P is less than 1.2*Pthreshold, then set current transformer light duty under by Pantograph dead electricity judgment mode comes into force.
Preferably, when detecting pantograph dead electricity, and the current transformer power meets or exceeds setting power, transmission control Unit takes corresponding safeguard measure, blocks rectifier and the inverter pulse at once, current transformer is stopped, and tripping The vacuum circuit breaker, and the first short circuit contactor, the second short circuit contactor, to prevent due to occurring after pantograph dead electricity Electric voltage over press and overcurrent phenomenon.
Preferably, when detecting pantograph dead electricity, and the current transformer power is adopted less than setting power, motion control unit Corresponding safeguard measure is taken, first makes the inverter that power are unloaded into zero according to certain slope, then blocks the rectification again Device and inverter pulse, and vacuum circuit breaker described in tripping, and the first short circuit contactor, the second short circuit contactor, to avoid The sudden shake of the train caused by thering is power situation to cut off power suddenly.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in non-underloading traction working condition, to net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered processing, Net pressure synchronizing signal U after handling after filteringfWith normal net voltage crest value lower limit UfminJudgement is compared, if half of work All go out the existing network pressure filtered signal of synchronizing signal in the frequency cycle and be less than or equal to normal net voltage crest value lower limit Ufmin, then judge Pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in non-underloading traction working condition, according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr Transformer primary avris electric current IfThe deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformation Device primary side side electric current IfThe difference of theoretical value and actual value judges threshold value I more than or equal to differenceD_value_maxWhen, then judge by Pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in non-underloading traction working condition, according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr Transformer primary avris electric current IfThe deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformation Device primary side side electric current IfThe ratio of theoretical value and actual value is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value Iratio_maxWhen, then judge by Pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in non-underloading damped condition, by DC voltage UdWith on normal DC voltage Limit value UdmaxIt is compared and draws the first fiducial value, and to net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, after then handling after filtering Net pressure synchronizing signal UfWith normal net voltage crest value higher limit UfmaxIt is compared to obtain the second fiducial value.Compare described first It is worth output valve and second fiducial value progress and computing, when DC voltage is more than normal DC upper voltage limit value UdmaxCertain model After enclosing, if the net pressure synchronizing signal U after half of power frequency period all occurs handling after filteringfMore than or equal to normal net pressure Peak value higher limit UfmaxWhen, then judge pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in non-underloading damped condition, according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr Transformer primary avris electric current IfThe deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformation Device primary side side electric current IfThe difference of theoretical value and actual value judges threshold value I more than or equal to differenceD_value_maxWhen, then judge by Pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in non-underloading damped condition, according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr Transformer primary avris electric current IfThe deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformation Device primary side side electric current IfThe ratio of theoretical value and actual value is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value Iratio_maxWhen, then judge by Pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in light duty, extraction net pressure synchronizing signal UfIn the feature that includes time it is humorous Ripple Uh, and calculate the harmonics UhVirtual value Uh_rms, then the virtual value U by harmonicsh_rmsJudge with harmonic wave Threshold value Uh_thresholdIt is compared, if the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rmsMore than or equal to threshold value Uh_threshold, then Judge pantograph dead electricity.
Preferably, when the current transformer is in light duty, harmonics U is extractedh, and it is humorous to calculate the feature time Ripple UhVirtual value Uh_rmsProcess further comprise the steps：
To net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, filters the centre frequency that the rejection frequency being directed to is located at harmonics. By net pressure synchronizing signal UfSubtract the net pressure synchronizing signal U after processing after filteringf, obtain harmonics Uh, it is humorous to feature time Ripple UhCarry out absolute value to ask for handling, obtain the absolute value U of harmonicsh_abs.Again to after absolute value asks for processing Uh_absSecond-order low-pass filter is carried out, filters out of ac, retains DC quantity；Correction factor is multiplied by the DC quantity of reservation, obtains spy Levy the virtual value U of subharmonich_rms。
By implementing the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and the technical scheme of protection device and method that the invention described above provides, Have the advantages that：
(1) present invention, which solves existing scheme, easily causes relevant device in train traction system to bear to surpass in a short time Go out the voltage or electric current of normal range (NR), so as to influence key components and parts in train traction system, such as electric capacity, reactor, motor Service life technical problem, improve train reply unexpected abnormality operating mode ability, fully ensured that the safety of train is held Reforwarding row；
(2) present invention considers the situation that train pantograph dead electricity occurs under various operating modes, to the situation under each operating mode Labor has been carried out, has found out the feature of the pantograph dead electricity under each operating mode, all works of train are covered so as to propose one kind The method of the pantograph dead electricity Intelligent Measurement of condition, had both avoided and has not detected pantograph dead electricity under some individual cases, also kept away The phenomenon of wrong report pantograph dead electricity is exempted from；
(3) present invention can occur overvoltage rapidly for the pantograph dead electricity of the high-power operating mode of train braking within a few tens of milliseconds And over current fault, it is proposed that the deviation of comprehensive DC voltage and DC voltage setting value, and filtered net pressure synchronizing signal The determination methods of size, pantograph dead electricity can be judged in very short time (10ms), so as to overvoltage and over current fault occurring Before, the block rectifier of active and inverter pulse, and carry out every protection；
(4) problem that the present invention is difficult to directly according to synchronizing signal size be judged for train light duty, propose The harmonics of net pressure synchronizing signal are obtained, are compared by the virtual value size and the threshold value of setting of harmonics Compared with method, avoid and easily occur the technical problem of excessively stream at the time of the pantograph after pantograph dead electricity is recovered electric.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described.It should be evident that drawings in the following description are only this Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with Other embodiments are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the topology diagram of train traction system in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is train pantograph dead electricity detection of the present invention and a kind of structured flowchart of embodiment of protection device；
Fig. 3 is train pantograph dead electricity detection of the present invention and a kind of structure of embodiment sampling element of protection device Block diagram；
Fig. 4 is train pantograph dead electricity detection of the present invention and a kind of non-underloading traction working condition of embodiment of protection device Lower pantograph dead electricity judges the structured flowchart of link；
Fig. 5 is train pantograph dead electricity detection of the present invention and a kind of non-underloading damped condition of embodiment of protection device Lower pantograph dead electricity judges the structured flowchart of link；
Fig. 6 is by electricity under train pantograph dead electricity detection of the present invention and a kind of embodiment light duty of protection device Bow dead electricity judges that the structure of link sees block diagram；
Fig. 7 is that train pantograph dead electricity detection of the present invention and a kind of embodiment net pressure synchronizing signal of protection device are special Levy the structured flowchart that subharmonic extraction calculates link with virtual value；
Fig. 8 is a kind of embodiment pantograph dead electricity intelligence of the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and guard method of the present invention The program flow diagram of detection process；
In figure：1- analog quantity sampling units, 2- power calculation units, 3- intelligent detection units, 4- protective seletion units, 10- senses link, 11- sampling elements, 12- operation amplifier links, 13-AD conversion links, the proportional components of 14- first, 310- the One filtering link, the comparing elements of 311- first, 312- the first difference comparsion links, 313- the first ratio comparing elements, 320- the Two filtering links, the comparing elements of 321- second, the comparing elements of 322- the 3rd, 323- and knocker section, 324- the second difference comparsion rings Section, 325- the second ratio comparing elements, 330- extraction calculating links, the comparing elements of 331- the 4th, 340- trap links, 341- are exhausted Link, 342- LPF links, the proportional components of 343- second, 100- pantographs, 101- tractive transformers, 102- are asked for value Rectifier, 103- inverters, 200- current transformers.
Embodiment
For the sake of quoting and understanding, by the technical term hereinafter used, write a Chinese character in simplified form or abridge and be described below：
Railway power supply net：On electric railway circuit, the power network of electric energy is provided exclusively for train, can abbreviation power supply network, electricity Net；
Primary side winding：The winding that the high pressure that transformer provides with railway power supply net is electrically connected；
Rectifier：Rectifier in the present invention refers both to four-quadrant rectifier, i.e., using full-control type power semiconductor switches Device, its AC voltage and current vector can be controlled to be run in four-quadrant 0~2* π angles of phasor coordinate system whole Flow device；
Motion control unit：It is used for the controller unit for controlling train traction system on train；
Net pressure synchronizing signal：Gathered by netting pressure transformer, positioned at transformer primary side winding side, protected with net pressure phase Hold synchronous voltage signal；
AD conversion：Analog-digital Converter；
Harmonics：The harmonics of four-quadrant rectifier refer to and four-quadrant rectifier IGBT ((Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) the related harmonic wave of switching frequency, IGBT switching frequency Change, the frequency of its harmonics is with corresponding change.
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In accompanying drawing, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention.Obviously, described embodiment is only Only it is the part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the common skill in this area All other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belong to the model that the present invention protects Enclose.
As shown in accompanying drawing 2 to accompanying drawing 8, train pantograph dead electricity detection of the present invention and the tool of protection device and method are given Body embodiment, the invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the train traction system topology used for current main-stream electric locomotive or electric EMU.No With train, the difference of its topological structure be mainly rectifier tuple, inverter tuple, single inverter correspond to motor number of units, Whether there is secondary resonance loop, it is each it is heavy between whether be total to difference, these difference such as DC loop and have no effect on described in the invention Train pantograph dead electricity detects and protection device and method.
Now each part of train traction system topology is described below：
(1) pantograph 100, pantograph 100 are usually located at roof of train, for connecting railway power supply net and drawing main electricity Road.When train traction system operation, it is necessary to first rise pantograph 100, pantograph 100 is set closely to be connect with railway power supply net Touch, then start train traction system operation.
(2) vacuum circuit breaker VCB, vacuum circuit breaker VCB are used to isolate power supply network with tractive transformer 101, and vacuum is broken Road device VCB supports to disconnect in the case where there is electric current.Thus when train traction system jam, it can directly disconnect vacuum and break Road device VCB, is protected.
(3) tractive transformer 101, tractive transformer 101 turn the primary side winding single-phase alternating current of power supply network 25KV grades It is changed into the single-phase alternating current of the low voltage grade of several secondary side tractive windings.Wherein the voltage class of tractive winding is not according to It is different with the design of train.
(4) first short circuit contactor KM1, the second short circuit contactor KM2, for connecting tractive transformer 101 and (traction) The rectifier 102 of current transformer 200., can be whole by what is accordingly weighed by disconnecting short circuit contactor when substance rectifier unit failure Stream device unit is isolated with tractive transformer 101.
(5) current transformer 200, current transformer 200 include rectifier 102, inverter 103 and intermediate DC link.Wherein, rectification The single-phase alternating current of tractive winding is converted into the DC voltage of DC loop by device 102.Vehicle-mounted rectifier is typically all comprising several heavy Rectifier unit (embodiment as shown in Figure 1 is introduced exemplified by double), rectifier in embodiment as shown in Figure 1 102 include rectifier (unit) one and rectifier (unit) two, and inverter 103 includes inverter (unit) one and inverter two (unit).The DC voltage of DC loop is converted into the variable-frequency variable-voltage that is available for traction electric machine M1 and M2 to use by inverter 103 Alternating current.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, the specific embodiment of a kind of train pantograph dead electricity detection and protection device, including：
Analog quantity sampling unit 1, voltage, current signal to train traction system carry out AD samplings.Analog quantity sampling is single Voltage, the current signal of the sampling of member 1 include net pressure synchronizing signal Uf, each rectifier ac-side current In1~InX(X is by rectifier Tuple determine that embodiment as shown in Figure 1 includes the ac-side current I of rectifier onen1, the ac-side current of rectifier two In2), transformer primary avris electric current If, DC voltage Ud。
Power calculation unit 2, the voltage sampled according to analog quantity sampling unit 1, current signal carry out current transformer power meter Calculate.Current transformer power is used for follow-up intelligent detection unit 3 and protective seletion unit 4.The present invention is according to train traction system Voltage and current signal, calculate current transformer power using voltage and current, and according to the different operating mode of the size discrimination of power, For characteristic of each operating mode under pantograph power failure state, the pantograph dead electricity intelligent detecting method under different operating modes is devised.
Intelligent detection unit 3, voltage, current signal, breaker and the contactor shape sampled according to analog quantity sampling unit 1 State, current transformer state, and the current transformer power that power calculation unit 2 is calculated, carry out the detection of pantograph dead electricity and judgement. Breaker and contactor state include vacuum circuit breaker VCB, and the first short circuit contactor KM1, the second short circuit contactor KM2 State.Current transformer state includes stopping operating mode, non-underloading traction working condition, non-underloading damped condition and light duty.
Protective seletion unit 4, if intelligent detection unit 3 detects that train traction system occurs by electricity in the operating condition Bend dead electricity, then the current transformer power being calculated according to power calculation unit 2, take corresponding safeguard measure respectively.
As shown in Figure 3, analog quantity sampling unit 1 further comprises sensing link 10, sampling element 11, operation amplifier ring Section 12, the proportional component 14 of AD conversion link 13 and first.Analog quantity sampling unit 1 is arranged in the motion control unit of train, A series of processing are carried out to the analog signalses of each voltage of train traction system, current sensor by motion control unit, obtained Digital quantity signal needed for motion control unit control software.Sense link 10 (including curtage sensor) collection train Voltage, current signal in trailer system, and export 0~± ImmaxCurrent mode signal.Conventional current sensor and voltage pass Sensor, its output signal are 0~± ImmaxCurrent mode signal, ImmaxRefer to the maximum output current of sensor.0~± ImmaxElectricity The sampled link 11 of flow pattern signal (using sampling resistor) produces that the current output type signal of link 10 is proportional adopts to sensing afterwards Sample voltage.Sampled voltage is changed into 0~± 10V standard electric die mould signal, the standard electric die mould by operation amplifier link 12 Signal is converted to 0~± 8191 digital quantity signal by AD conversion link 13.The digital quantity signal that AD conversion link 13 exports By the first proportional component 14, the conversion coefficient of links in analog quantity sampling unit 1 is multiplied by, is obtained and train traction system Voltage, the current variable that the corresponding software of middle real voltage, current value uses.
Because train is in different power situations, voltage caused by pantograph dead electricity and current anomaly situation are different, meter The current transformer power under this operating mode is calculated, follow-up intelligent detection unit 3 and protective seletion unit 4 can be further used for.It is different Train, the analog quantity that its motion control unit can sample is limited by with the presence or absence of respective sensor, thus current transformer The calculation of power is also different.
The net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when analog quantity sampling unit 1f, transformer primary avris electric current If When, net is pressed with valid value with the product of transformer primary avris current effective value as current transformer power by power calculation unit 2.
The net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when analog quantity sampling unit 1f, each rectifier AC Electric current In1~InXWhen, rectifier ac-side current is converted to by power calculation unit 2 according to transformer voltage ratio, rectifier tuple Transformer primary avris electric current, valid value is then pressed with according to the transformer primary avris electric current and net of conversion and calculates current transformer power.
When analog quantity sampling unit 1 gathers the DC voltage U in train traction systemd, DC current IdWhen, power calculation Unit 2 is by DC voltage UdWith DC current IdProduct as current transformer power.
Performance situation of the intelligent detection unit 3 according to current transformer 200 in train traction system under pantograph dead electricity operating mode, Current transformer state under pantograph dead electricity operating mode is divided into current transformer and stops operating mode, the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer, current transformer Non- underloading damped condition, current transformer underloading (containing zero load) operating mode.Under these four operating modes, pantograph power failure state causes current transformer Associated voltage and the performance difference of electric current are very big, therefore need divided working status to carry out analysis judgement.
Be directed under above-mentioned four kinds of operating modes train pantograph dead electricity detection, pantograph dead electricity Intelligent Measurement of the present invention it is whole Body scheme is as follows：
When current transformer 200, which is in, stops operating mode, intelligent detection unit 3 is according to the synchronous letter of net pressure in each power frequency period Number voltage peak UfpeakWhether normal net voltage crest value lower limit U is less than or equal tofminCarry out pantograph dead electricity judgement.
When current transformer 200 is in operating condition, (operating condition is divided into again：The non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer, current transformer are non- Three kinds of underloading damped condition, current transformer light duty situations), when breaker and contactor are in the state of closure, intelligence inspection Survey unit 3 and corresponding pantograph dead electricity judgment mode is selected according to the size of the power of current transformer 200.
If current transformer 200 is in traction working condition, and the power P of current transformer 200 is more than or equal to selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then intelligent detection unit 3 set the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer under pantograph dead electricity judgment mode come into force.
If current transformer 200 is in damped condition, and the power P of current transformer 200 is more than or equal to selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then intelligent detection unit 3 set the non-underloading damped condition of current transformer under pantograph dead electricity judgment mode come into force.
If the power P of current transformer 200 is less than or equal to 1.2*Pthreshold, then intelligent detection unit 3 set current transformer underloading Pantograph dead electricity judgment mode under operating mode comes into force.
When current transformer power P is located at PthresholdAnd 1.2*PthresholdBetween, there is two kinds of judgement schemes to come into force simultaneously (because the power bracket that the judgement scheme of each branch covers is that edge portions are overlapping, therefore two schemes are used in intersection All come into force, can effectively prevent power to be placed exactly in critical point bob, the judgement scheme toggled).Because judge to need Time, if toggling the time than judging that required time is also short, as a result it be able to not will judge.Therefore, set certain common Judge section, can ensure that necessarily having judgement scheme during this period comes into force.Both, which take or, come into force simultaneously, has no effect on.
When intelligent detection unit 3 detects the dead electricity of pantograph 100, and the power of current transformer 200 meets or exceeds setting power (power is set as an index quantified, need to be entered according to the electric parameter and electric current of train traction system, the Protection parameters of voltage Row is set, different electric parameters, and the rate of change of electric current and electric voltage exception is different, different Protection parameters, patient Abnormal ranges are also different), then protective seletion unit 4 takes corresponding safeguard measure.Because pantograph dead electricity will cause Over-voltage and over-current phenomenon is occurred as soon as in a few tens of milliseconds, it is therefore desirable to block the pulse of rectifier 102 and inverter 103 at once, make change Stream device 200 is stopped, and tripping vacuum circuit breaker VCB, and the first short circuit contactor KM1, the second short circuit contactor KM2, To prevent electric voltage over press and overcurrent phenomenon due to occurring after the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
When intelligent detection unit 3 detects the dead electricity of pantograph 100, and the power of current transformer 200 is less than setting power (setting work( Rate is an index quantified, need to be set according to the electric parameter and electric current of train traction system, the Protection parameters of voltage Put), then protective seletion unit 4 takes corresponding safeguard measure.Can use first makes inverter 103 unload power according to certain slope Zero is downloaded to, then blocks the pulse of rectifier 102 and inverter 103, and tripping vacuum circuit breaker VCB, and the first short circuit again Contactor KM1, the second short circuit contactor KM2, to avoid the train emergentness caused by thering is power situation to cut off power suddenly from trembling It is dynamic.
1st, the pantograph dead electricity that current transformer stops under operating mode judges
When current transformer 200 stops, the IGBT of rectifier 102 is off state, and rectifier 102 is deposited due to diode , it can allow to provide energy by the lateral DC side of exchange of rectifier 102, and energy can not be provided from the lateral AC of direct current. If the now dead electricity of pantograph 100, pantograph 100 can not provide to the primary side side of tractive transformer 101 and provide energy, and draws and become The primary side side of depressor 101 has no capacity cell, and the net pressure synchronous signal sensor positioned at the primary side side of tractive transformer 101 will be fast Detect that net pressure synchronizing signal drops sharply to zero fastly.Therefore, current transformer stops operating mode, directly according in each power frequency period Net pressure synchronizing signal UfVoltage peak UfpeakWhether normal net voltage crest value lower limit U is less than or equal tofminIt is compared judgement.
2nd, the pantograph dead electricity under the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer judges
When current transformer 200 is in running status, rectifier 102 is in the situation of energy capable of bidirectional flowing.When train is in Traction working condition and current transformer 200 has larger load, if the now dead electricity of pantograph 100, pantograph 100 can not be provided to traction The primary side side of transformer 101 provides energy.But because rectifier 102 is in operating condition, it is straight on DC loop Support Capacitor Voltage is flowed, via rectifier 102 and tractive transformer 101, similar power supply is still generated in the primary side side of tractive transformer 101 The voltage signal of net net pressure.Thus, in the case of the dead electricity of pantograph 100, net pressure synchronous signal sensor still can detect The net pressure synchronizing signal of similar power supply network net pressure, but synchronizing signal harmonic wave is larger caused by such case, with it is obvious with it is whole Flow the related harmonics of the IGBT switching frequencies of device 102.Due in traction relatively high power, DC loop Support Capacitor Energy consumed quickly with the time, DC voltage can promptly decline, and also have led to by the rectified device 102 of DC voltage and lead Drawing net pressure synchronizing signal caused by transformer 101 also can promptly decline.
Therefore, according to above-mentioned analysis, it is proposed that carry out the side of pantograph dead electricity Intelligent Measurement under non-underloading traction working condition Case.For the situation of non-underloading traction working condition, its detection scheme has following several：
(1) to net pressure synchronizing signal UfBe filtered processing, then with normal net voltage crest value lower limit UfminIt is compared and sentences It is disconnected.Under non-underloading traction working condition, the size of net pressure synchronizing signal declines rapidly, but because this synchronizing signal is by DC voltage Net pressure synchronizing signal, includes substantial amounts of harmonics, it is therefore desirable to right caused by rectified device 102 and tractive transformer 101 Synchronizing signal is filtered, obtain net pressure the filtered signal of synchronizing signal, then with normal net voltage crest value lower limit UfminEnter Row compares.It is less than or equal to normal net voltage crest value lower limit when half of power frequency period all goes out the existing network pressure filtered signal of synchronizing signal Value Ufmin, then it is assumed that the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
(2) according to the ac-side current I of rectifier 102n1~InXOr the primary side side electric current I of tractive transformer 101fActual value And the deviation of theoretical value is judged.In non-underloading traction working condition, traction power is larger, if there is pantograph dead electricity operating mode, Pantograph 100 will be unable to provide to tractive transformer 101 primary side side provide energy, then the ac-side current of rectifier 102 or The primary side side electric current of tractive transformer 101 differs greatly with the control theory value of its current signal.Therefore, it is single according to transmission control The ac-side current of member sampling or the actual value of the primary side side electric current of tractive transformer 101, the control theory value with this current signal Carry out deviation contrast.Actual value can be instantaneous value or the virtual value in half of power frequency period or half with theoretical value Peak value in individual power frequency period.When the difference of theoretical value and actual value judges threshold value I more than or equal to differenceD_value_max, then Think the dead electricity of pantograph 100；Or when the ratio of theoretical value and actual value is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value Iratio_max, then Think the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
As shown in Figure 4, intelligent detection unit 3 further comprises the first filtering link 310 and the first comparing element 311. When current transformer 200 is in non-underloading traction working condition, the first filtering link 310 is to net pressure synchronizing signal UfAfter being filtered processing Net after handling after filtering is pressed synchronizing signal U by output to the first comparing element 311, then the first comparing element 311fWith just Normal net voltage crest value lower limit UfminJudgement is compared, if all going out the existing network pressure filtered letter of synchronizing signal in half of power frequency period Number it is less than or equal to normal net voltage crest value lower limit Ufmin, then the dead electricity of pantograph 100 is judged.
Intelligent detection unit 3 further comprises the first difference comparsion link 312, when current transformer 200 is in the traction of non-underloading During operating mode, the first difference comparsion link 312 is according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is actual The deviation of value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value with The difference of actual value judges threshold value I more than or equal to differenceD_value_maxWhen, then judge the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
Intelligent detection unit 3 further comprises the first ratio comparing element 313, when current transformer 200 is in the traction of non-underloading During operating mode, the first difference comparsion link 312 is according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is actual The deviation of value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value with The ratio of actual value is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value Iratio_maxWhen, then judge the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
The specific embodiment of the invention is directed to non-underloading traction working condition, by being filtered processing to net pressure synchronizing signal, obtains Synchronizing signal is pressed to more smooth filtered net, synchronizing signal is pressed with this filtered net, with normal net voltage crest value lower limit Value is compared, so as to judge whether the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
3rd, the pantograph dead electricity under the non-underloading damped condition of current transformer judges
When train is in damped condition and current transformer 200 has larger load, now current transformer 200 is to power supply network feedback Larger energy.If the now dead electricity of pantograph 100, energy can not normal CQI feedback to power supply network, then motor is to the feedback of current transformer 200 Energy accumulation on the devices such as the electric capacity of DC loop, cause DC voltage to be gradually increasing.On DC loop Support Capacitor DC voltage, via rectifier 102 and tractive transformer 101, similar confession is still generated in the primary side side of tractive transformer 101 The net pressure synchronizing signal of power network net pressure.Net pressure synchronizing signal now, can be raised with the DC voltage of braking energy feedback, and Corresponding increase.
Therefore, according to above-mentioned analysis, it is proposed that carry out the side of pantograph dead electricity Intelligent Measurement under non-underloading damped condition Case.For the situation of non-underloading damped condition, its detection scheme has following several：
(1) the rising situation of comprehensive DC voltage and net press the signal after synchronizing signal filtering process, carry out pantograph mistake The judgement of electro-detection.DC voltage rises rapidly, is a big feature of non-underloading damped condition.When DC voltage is more than theoretical value After certain limit, just further judged.And DC voltage rises, via rectifier 102 and tractive transformer 101, leading The net for drawing similar power supply network net pressure caused by the primary side side of transformer 101 presses synchronizing signal size also with rising.Consider to eliminate spy Levy subharmonic influence, it is also necessary to net pressure synchronizing signal be filtered, then with normal net voltage crest value higher limit UfmaxCarry out Compare.It is more than or equal to normal net voltage crest value higher limit when half of power frequency period all goes out the existing network pressure filtered signal of synchronizing signal Ufmax, then it is assumed that the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
(2) according to the ac-side current I of rectifier 102n1~InXOr the primary side side electric current I of tractive transformer 101fActual value And the deviation of theoretical value is judged.This judgment mode and the scheme judged under foregoing non-underloading traction working condition according to electric current It is essentially identical.
As shown in Figure 5, intelligent detection unit 3 further comprises the second filtering link 320, the second comparing element 321, Three comparing elements 322 and with knocker section 323.When current transformer 200 is in non-underloading damped condition, the second comparing element 321 will DC voltage UdWith normal DC upper voltage limit value UdmaxIt is compared, the second filtering link 320 is to net pressure synchronizing signal UfCarry out Filtering, the net after handling after filtering is then pressed into synchronizing signal U by the 3rd comparing element 322fWith the normal net voltage crest value upper limit Value UfmaxBe compared, the output valve of the second comparing element 321 and the output valve of the 3rd comparing element 322 with knocker section 323 Middle progress and computing.When DC voltage is more than or equal to normal DC upper voltage limit value UdmaxAfter certain limit, if at half All there is the pressure synchronizing signal of the net after handling after filtering U in power frequency periodfMore than or equal to normal net voltage crest value higher limit Ufmax When, then judge the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
Intelligent detection unit 3 further comprises the second difference comparsion link 324, when current transformer 200 is in the braking of non-underloading During operating mode, the second difference comparsion link 324 is according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is actual The deviation of value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value with The difference of actual value judges threshold value I more than or equal to differenceD_value_maxWhen, then judge the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
Intelligent detection unit 3 further comprises the second ratio comparing element 325, when current transformer 200 is in the braking of non-underloading During operating mode, the second ratio comparing element 325 is according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is actual The deviation of value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value with The ratio of actual value is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value Iratio_maxWhen, then judge the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
The specific embodiment of the invention is directed to non-underloading damped condition, and comprehensive DC voltage is inclined with DC voltage setting value Difference, and filtered net pressure synchronizing signal are judged, with this filtered net pressure synchronizing signal, with normal net voltage crest value Limit value is compared, so as to judge whether the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
For the non-light duty of current transformer, either traction or brake condition, all in accordance with the AC electricity of rectifier 102 Flow In1~InXOr the primary side side electric current I of tractive transformer 101fActual value and the deviation of theoretical value judged, so as to judge With the presence or absence of the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
4th, the pantograph dead electricity under current transformer light duty judges
When the current transformer 200 of train is in small-power running status, the energy now transmitted between current transformer 200 and power supply network Measure less.The dead electricity of pantograph 100 within a short period of time, either traction working condition or damped condition, net pressure is same caused by it Walk signal amplitude, the ac-side current of rectifier 102, the primary side side electric current of tractive transformer 101, DC voltage change and unobvious. But it is not the voltage of true power supply network due to now netting the voltage of pressure synchronizing signal measurement, but by DC voltage by whole Flow device 102 and in voltage caused by the primary side side of tractive transformer 101, therefore now net pressure synchronizing signal include it is very big with The related harmonics of the IGBT switching frequencies of rectifier 102.
Therefore, can be according to net pressure synchronizing signal U under current transformer light dutyfHarmonics carry out pantograph mistake The judgement of electro-detection.First, extraction net pressure synchronizing signal UfComprising harmonics Uh, and calculate its virtual value Uh_rms.So Afterwards by harmonics virtual value Uh_rmsJudge threshold value U with harmonic waveh_thresholdIt is compared, if harmonics are effective Value Uh_rmsMore than or equal to threshold value Uh_threshold, then it is assumed that the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
The mode that the harmonics extraction of net pressure synchronizing signal calculates with virtual value has many kinds, present invention specific implementation Example provides a kind of more accurate scheme, is specially：(1) suitable trap link is designed to net pressure synchronizing signal UfFiltered Ripple, the rejection frequency that trap link is directed to are located at the centre frequency of harmonics.By net pressure synchronizing signal UfSubtract trap ring The output signal of section, obtain harmonics Uh.(2) to harmonics UhThe processing that takes absolute value is carried out, obtains Uh_abs。(3) To the U after absolute value processingh_absSecond-order low-pass filter is carried out, filters out of ac, retains DC quantity.(4) to the DC quantity of reservation Correction factor is multiplied by, obtains harmonics virtual value Uh_rms。
As shown in Figure 6, intelligent detection unit 3 further comprises that extraction calculates the comparing element 331 of link 330 and the 4th, When current transformer 200 is in light duty, extraction calculates the extraction net pressure synchronizing signal of link 330 UfIn the harmonics that include Uh, and calculate harmonics UhVirtual value Uh_rms, then by the 4th comparing element 331 by the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rms Judge threshold value U with harmonic waveh_thresholdIt is compared, if the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rmsMore than or equal to threshold value Uh_threshold, then the dead electricity of pantograph 100 is judged.
As shown in Figure 7, extraction calculates link 330 and further comprises that trap link 340, absolute value ask for link 341, low The proportional component 343 of pass filter link 342 and second.Trap link 340 is to net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, trap link 340 rejection frequencies being directed to are located at the centre frequency of harmonics.By net pressure synchronizing signal UfSubtract the defeated of trap link 340 Go out signal, obtain harmonics Uh, link 341 is asked for harmonics U by absolute valuehCarry out absolute value to ask for handling, obtain To the absolute value U of harmonicsh_abs.Again by LPF link 342 to the U after absolute value asks for processingh_absCarry out Second-order low-pass filter, of ac is filtered out, retain DC quantity.Amendment system is multiplied by the DC quantity of reservation by the second proportional component 343 Number, obtains the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rms。
The specific embodiment of the invention is directed to current transformer light duty, obtains the harmonics of net pressure synchronizing signal, passes through The virtual value size of harmonics is compared with the threshold value set, so as to judge whether the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
It should be strongly noted that portion link can substitute in the specific embodiment of the invention also be present, this Invent claimed scope and be not limited to mode described in specific embodiment, be now described below：
(1) for power calculation unit 2, the calculation of power can be with varied, the meter of description of the embodiment of the present invention Calculation mode is calculated by electric signals such as voltage and currents, can also be counted according to torque (power) and rotating speed (speed) Calculate.
(2) for filtering link, many places employ filtering link in the unit of the embodiment of the present invention, and the side filtered Formula is varied, as long as can reach identical purpose, the mode of filtering can choose various different types.
(3) it is big to employ relatively reliable virtual value for the judgment mode of harmonics size, in the embodiment of the present invention It is small to be judged, it can equally be judged according to the size of peak value.And adopted for the calculation of virtual value, the embodiment of the present invention With having good real-time performance and successional absolute value filtering calculation, virtual value can also be counted otherwise Calculate.
Embodiment 2
A kind of specific embodiment of the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and guard method, comprises the following steps：
A) voltage to train traction system, current signal carry out AD samplings；
B voltage, the current signal) obtained according to sampling carries out current transformer power calculation；
C) voltage, current signal, breaker and contactor state, the current transformer state obtained according to sampling, and pass through The current transformer power being calculated, carry out the detection of pantograph dead electricity and judgement；
D) if detecting that pantograph dead electricity occurs in the operating condition in train traction system, according to the change being calculated Device power is flowed, takes corresponding safeguard measure respectively.
In step A) in voltage, the current signal of train traction system are sampled by motion control unit, transmission control is single Voltage, the current signal of member sampling include net pressure synchronizing signal Uf, each rectifier ac-side current In1~InX, transformer primary side Side electric current If, DC voltage Ud。
Step B) in breaker and contactor state include vacuum circuit breaker VCB, and the first short circuit contactor KM1, Second short circuit contactor KM2 state.
Step C) in current transformer state include stopping operating mode, non-underloading traction working condition, non-underloading damped condition and underloading Operating mode.
Step A) sampling process further comprise the steps：
Voltage, the current signal in train traction system are gathered, and exports 0~± ImmaxCurrent mode signal.0~± Immax Current mode signal produces the sampled voltage proportional to current mode signal after flowing through sampling resistor.Sampled voltage passes through operation amplifier It is changed into 0~± 10V standard electric die mould signal, the standard electric die mould signal is transformed to 0~± 8191 number by AD conversion Word amount signal.The digital quantity signal is multiplied by the conversion coefficient of links in sampling process, obtain with train traction system Voltage, current variable corresponding to real voltage, current value.
In step B) in, the net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when sampling processf, transformer primary avris Electric current IfWhen, current transformer power is the product that net is pressed with valid value and transformer primary avris current effective value.
In step B) in, the net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when sampling processf, each rectifier hands over Flow side electric current In1~InXWhen, current transformer power is to convert rectifier ac-side current according to transformer voltage ratio, rectifier tuple Into transformer primary avris electric current, the performance number of valid value calculating is then pressed with according to the transformer primary avris electric current and net of conversion.
When sampling process gathers the DC voltage U in train traction systemd, DC current IdWhen, current transformer power is direct current Voltage UdWith DC current IdProduct.
In step C) in, will according to performance situation of the current transformer 200 in train traction system under pantograph dead electricity operating mode Current transformer state under pantograph dead electricity operating mode is divided into current transformer and stops operating mode, and the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer, current transformer is non- Underloading damped condition, current transformer light duty.
When current transformer 200, which is in, stops operating mode, synchronizing signal voltage peak is pressed according to the net in each power frequency period UfpeakWhether normal net voltage crest value lower limit U is less than or equal tofminCarry out pantograph dead electricity judgement.
When current transformer 200 is in operating condition, and breaker and contactor are in the state of closure, according to current transformer The size of 200 power selects corresponding pantograph dead electricity judgment mode.
If current transformer 200 is in traction working condition, and the power P of current transformer 200 is more than or equal to selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode under the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer is set to come into force.
If current transformer 200 is in damped condition, and the power P of current transformer 200 is more than or equal to selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode under the non-underloading damped condition of current transformer is set to come into force.
If the power P of current transformer 200 is less than or equal to 1.2*Pthreshold, then set current transformer light duty under by electricity Bow dead electricity judgment mode comes into force.
When current transformer power P is located at PthresholdAnd 1.2*PthresholdBetween, there is two kinds of determination methods to come into force simultaneously (because the power bracket that the determination methods of each branch cover is that edge portions are overlapping, therefore two methods are used in intersection All come into force, can effectively prevent power to be placed exactly in critical point bob, the determination methods toggled).Because determination methods The time is needed, if it is also shorter than the time required to determination methods to toggle the time, as a result be able to not will be judged.Therefore, one is set Fixed common judgement section, it can ensure that necessarily having determination methods during this period comes into force.Both take or, the not shadow that comes into force simultaneously Ring.
When detecting the dead electricity of pantograph 100, and the power of current transformer 200 meets or exceeds setting power, motion control unit Corresponding safeguard measure is taken, the pulse of rectifier 102 and inverter 103 is blocked at once, current transformer 200 is stopped, and Tripping vacuum circuit breaker VCB, and the first short circuit contactor KM1, the second short circuit contactor KM2, to prevent due to pantograph 100 The electric voltage over press and overcurrent phenomenon occurred after dead electricity.
When detecting the dead electricity of pantograph 100, and the power of current transformer 200 takes phase less than setting power, motion control unit The safeguard measure answered, first makes inverter 103 that power are unloaded into zero according to certain slope, then blocks rectifier 102 and inverse again Become the pulse of device 103, and tripping vacuum circuit breaker VCB, and the first short circuit contactor KM1, the second short circuit contactor KM2, with Avoid the sudden shake of the train caused by thering is power situation to cut off power suddenly.
As shown in Figure 8, a kind of specific embodiment of the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and guard method, describes train and exists Occurs the method that pantograph dead electricity can be detected and protected under any operating mode, the embodiment specifically includes following steps：
S100：Voltage, current signal, breaker and contactor state, the current transformer state obtained according to sampling, Yi Jijing The current transformer power being calculated is crossed, carries out the detection of pantograph dead electricity and judgement；
S201：If current transformer 200 is in traction working condition, and current transformer power P is more than selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode of the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer is set to come into force；
S202：If current transformer power P is less than 1.2*Pthreshold, then set current transformer light duty pantograph dead electricity Judgment mode comes into force；
S203：If current transformer 200 is in damped condition, and current transformer power P is more than selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode of the non-underloading damped condition of current transformer is set to come into force；
S300：If current transformer 200, which is in, stops operating mode, current transformer is set to stop the pantograph dead electricity judgement side of operating mode Formula comes into force；
S400：If detecting that pantograph dead electricity occurs in the operating condition in train traction system, basis is calculated Current transformer power, take corresponding safeguard measure respectively.
When current transformer 200 is in non-underloading traction working condition, to net pressure synchronizing signal UfProcessing is filtered, will be filtered Net pressure synchronizing signal U after ripple processingfWith normal net voltage crest value lower limit UfminJudgement is compared, if in half of power frequency period All go out the existing network pressure filtered signal of synchronizing signal and be less than or equal to normal net voltage crest value lower limit Ufmin, then pantograph is judged 100 dead electricity.
When current transformer 200 is in non-underloading traction working condition, according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary Avris electric current IfThe deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris Electric current IfThe difference of theoretical value and actual value judges threshold value I more than or equal to differenceD_value_maxWhen, then judge pantograph 100 Dead electricity.
When current transformer 200 is in non-underloading traction working condition, according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary Avris electric current IfThe deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris Electric current IfThe ratio of theoretical value and actual value is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value Iratio_maxWhen, then judge that pantograph 100 is lost Electricity.
When current transformer 200 is in non-underloading damped condition, by DC voltage UdWith normal DC upper voltage limit value UdmaxEnter Row relatively draws the first fiducial value, and to net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, then presses the net after handling after filtering same Walk signal UfWith normal net voltage crest value higher limit UfmaxIt is compared to obtain the second fiducial value.To the first fiducial value output valve and the Two fiducial values carry out and computing, when DC voltage is more than normal DC upper voltage limit value UamaxAfter certain limit, if at half All there is the pressure synchronizing signal of the net after handling after filtering U in power frequency periodfMore than or equal to normal net voltage crest value higher limit Ufmax When, then judge the dead electricity of pantograph 100.
When current transformer 200 is in non-underloading damped condition, according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary Avris electric current IfThe deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris Electric current IfThe difference of theoretical value and actual value judges threshold value I more than or equal to differenceD_value_maxWhen, then judge pantograph 100 Dead electricity.
When current transformer 200 is in non-underloading damped condition, according to rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary Avris electric current IfThe deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current In1~InXOr transformer primary avris Electric current IfThe ratio of theoretical value and actual value is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value Iratio_maxWhen, then judge that pantograph 100 is lost Electricity.
When current transformer 200 is in light duty, extraction net pressure synchronizing signal UfIn the harmonics U that includesh, and count Calculate harmonics UhVirtual value Uh_rms, then the virtual value U by harmonicsh_rmsJudge threshold value with harmonic wave Uh_thresholdIt is compared, if the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rmsMore than or equal to threshold value Uh_threshold, then judge by The dead electricity of pantograph 100.
When current transformer 200 is in light duty, harmonics U is extractedh, and calculate harmonics UhVirtual value Uh_rmsProcess further comprise the steps：
To net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, filters the centre frequency that the rejection frequency being directed to is located at harmonics. By net pressure synchronizing signal UfSubtract the net pressure synchronizing signal U after processing after filteringf, obtain harmonics Uh, it is humorous to feature time Ripple UhCarry out absolute value to ask for handling, obtain the absolute value U of harmonicsh_abs.Again to after absolute value asks for processing Uh_absSecond-order low-pass filter is carried out, filters out of ac, retains DC quantity.Correction factor is multiplied by the DC quantity of reservation, obtains spy Levy the virtual value U of subharmonich_rms。
The train pantograph dead electricity detection of specific embodiment of the invention description and protection device and method consider it is various by The type of pantograph dead electricity, it is contemplated that train from braking full power to zero and from zero to traction full power all power situations, Give train and occur the device and method that pantograph dead electricity can be detected and protected under any operating mode.Proposing one kind can According to power adjust automatically, with net pressure synchronizing signal, ac-side current (rectifier ac-side current or transformer primary avris electricity Stream), pantograph dead electricity Intelligent Measurement and protection device and method based on the abnormal conditions of DC voltage.
By implementing the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and the skill of protection device and method that the specific embodiment of the invention describes Art scheme, following technique effect can be produced：
(1) the train pantograph dead electricity detection of specific embodiment of the invention description and protection device and method solve existing Scheme easily causes relevant device in train traction system to bear the voltage or electric current for exceeding normal range (NR) in a short time, so as to Influence train traction system in key components and parts, such as electric capacity, reactor, motor service life technical problem, improve Train tackles the ability of unexpected abnormality operating mode, has fully ensured that the safety continuous operation of train；
(2) the train pantograph dead electricity detection of specific embodiment of the invention description and protection device and method consider train The situation that pantograph dead electricity occurs under various operating modes, labor is carried out to the situation under each operating mode, found out under each operating mode Pantograph dead electricity feature, so as to propose a kind of side for the pantograph dead electricity Intelligent Measurement for covering all operating modes of train Method, that is, avoid and do not detect pantograph dead electricity under some individual cases, it also avoid reporting by mistake the phenomenon of pantograph dead electricity；
(3) the train pantograph dead electricity detection of specific embodiment of the invention description and protection device and method are directed to train system Overvoltage and over current fault can be occurred rapidly within a few tens of milliseconds by moving the pantograph dead electricity of high-power operating mode, it is proposed that comprehensive direct current The deviation of pressure and DC voltage setting value, and the determination methods of filtered net pressure synchronizing signal size, can be in very short time Judge pantograph dead electricity in (10ms), so that before there is overvoltage and over current fault, the block rectifier of active and inversion Device pulse, and carry out every protection；
(4) the train pantograph dead electricity detection of specific embodiment of the invention description and protection device and method are light for train Carry the problem that operating mode is difficult to directly according to synchronizing signal size be judged, it is proposed that the feature time for obtaining net pressure synchronizing signal is humorous Ripple, by method of the virtual value size of harmonics compared with the threshold value set, avoid in pantograph dead electricity Easily occurs the technical problem of excessively stream at the time of pantograph afterwards is recovered electric.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, what each embodiment stressed be and other The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, any formal limitation not is made to the present invention.Though So the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention.It is any to be familiar with those skilled in the art Member, in the case where not departing from the Spirit Essence of the present invention and technical scheme, all using in the methods and techniques of the disclosure above Appearance makes many possible changes and modifications to technical solution of the present invention, or is revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, Every content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, the technical spirit according to the present invention is to made for any of the above embodiments any simple Modification, equivalent substitution, equivalence changes and modification, still fall within the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.

Claims (42)

1. a kind of train pantograph dead electricity detection and protection device, it is characterised in that including：
Analog quantity sampling unit (1), voltage, current signal to train traction system sample；
Power calculation unit (2), the voltage sampled according to the analog quantity sampling unit (1), current signal carry out current transformer work( Rate calculates；
Intelligent detection unit (3), voltage, current signal, breaker and the contact sampled according to the analog quantity sampling unit (1) Device state, current transformer state, and the current transformer power that the power calculation unit (2) is calculated, carry out pantograph dead electricity Detection and judgement；
Protective seletion unit (4), if the intelligent detection unit (3) detects that train traction system occurs in the operating condition Pantograph dead electricity, then the current transformer power being calculated according to the power calculation unit (2), corresponding protection is taken to arrange respectively Apply.
2. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 1 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The analog quantity is adopted Voltage, the current signal of sample unit (1) sampling include net pressure synchronizing signal Uf, each rectifier ac-side current Inl~InX, become Depressor primary side side electric current If, DC voltage Ud。
3. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 2 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The current transformer (200) rectifier (102) and inverter (103) are included, breaker and the contactor state includes vacuum circuit breaker (VCB), And first short circuit contactor (KM1), the state of the second short circuit contactor (KM2).
4. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 3 and protection device, it is characterised in that：When the intelligence inspection Survey unit (3) and detect pantograph (100) dead electricity, and the current transformer (200) power meets or exceeds setting power, then it is described Protective seletion unit (4) takes corresponding safeguard measure, blocks the pulse of the rectifier (102) and inverter (103) at once, Current transformer (200) is set to be stopped, and vacuum circuit breaker described in tripping (VCB), and the first short circuit contactor (KM1), second Short circuit contactor (KM2), to prevent electric voltage over press and overcurrent phenomenon due to occurring after pantograph (100) dead electricity.
5. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 3 and protection device, it is characterised in that：When the intelligence inspection Survey unit (3) and detect pantograph (100) dead electricity, and the current transformer (200) power is less than setting power, then the protection choosing Select unit (4) and take corresponding safeguard measure, first make the inverter (103) that power are unloaded into zero according to certain slope, so Block the pulse of the rectifier (102) and inverter (103), and vacuum circuit breaker described in tripping (VCB), and first again afterwards Short circuit contactor (KM1), the second short circuit contactor (KM2), to avoid the train caused by thering is power situation to cut off power suddenly Emergentness shake.
6. the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and protection device, its feature according to any one of claim 3,4 or 5 exist In：The analog quantity sampling unit (1) includes sensing link (10), sampling element (11), operation amplifier link (12), AD conversion Link (13) and the first proportional component (14)；Voltage, current signal in sensing link (10) the collection train traction system, And export 0~± ImmaxCurrent mode signal；0~± ImmaxCurrent mode signal produces and the biography after the sampling element (11) Feel the proportional sampled voltage of link (10) current output type signal；Sampled voltage changes by the operation amplifier link (12) For 0~± 10V standard electric die mould signal, the standard electric die mould signal is converted to 0 by the AD conversion link (13)~± 8191 digital quantity signal；The digital quantity signal of AD conversion link (13) output passes through first proportional component (14), The conversion coefficient of links in the analog quantity sampling unit (1) is multiplied by, is obtained and real voltage, electricity in train traction system Voltage, current variable corresponding to flow valuve.
7. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 6 and protection device, it is characterised in that：When the analog quantity Net pressure synchronizing signal U in sampling unit (1) collection train traction systemf, transformer primary avris electric current IfWhen, the power meter Calculate unit (2) and net is pressed with valid value with the product of transformer primary avris current effective value as current transformer power；When the simulation Measure the net pressure synchronizing signal U in sampling unit (1) collection train traction systemf, each rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXWhen, Rectifier ac-side current is converted to transformer primary by the power calculation unit (2) according to transformer voltage ratio, rectifier tuple Avris electric current, valid value is then pressed with according to the transformer primary avris electric current and net of conversion and calculates current transformer power；When the simulation Measure the DC voltage U in sampling unit (1) collection train traction systemd, DC current IdWhen, the power calculation unit (2) will DC voltage UdWith DC current IdProduct as current transformer power.
8. the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and protection device according to any one of claim 2,3,4,5 or 7, its feature It is：The intelligent detection unit (3) is according to performance of the current transformer (200) under pantograph dead electricity operating mode in train traction system Situation, the current transformer state under pantograph dead electricity operating mode is divided into current transformer and stops operating mode, the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer, change Flow the non-underloading damped condition of device, current transformer light duty.
9. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 8 and protection device, it is characterised in that：When the current transformer (200) in when stopping operating mode, the intelligent detection unit (3) presses synchronizing signal Voltage Peak according to the net in each power frequency period Value UfpeakWhether normal net voltage crest value lower limit U is less than or equal tofminCarry out pantograph dead electricity judgement.
10. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 8 and protection device, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow Device (200) is in operating condition, when the breaker and contactor are in the state of closure, the intelligent detection unit (3) Corresponding pantograph dead electricity judgment mode is selected according to the size of current transformer (200) power.
11. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 10 and protection device, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow Device (200) is in traction working condition, and current transformer (200) power P is more than or equal to selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then it is described Intelligent detection unit (3) sets the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode under the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer to come into force.
12. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 10 and protection device, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow Device (200) is in damped condition, and current transformer (200) power P is more than or equal to selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then it is described Intelligent detection unit (3) sets the pantograph dead electricity judgment mode under the non-underloading damped condition of current transformer to come into force.
13. the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and protection device according to any one of claim 10,11 or 12, its feature It is：If current transformer (200) power P is less than or equal to 1.2*Pthreshold, then intelligent detection unit (3) setting Pantograph dead electricity judgment mode under current transformer light duty comes into force.
14. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 11 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The intelligence inspection Surveying unit (3) includes the first filtering link (310) and the first comparing element (311), when the current transformer (200) is in non-underloading During traction working condition, the first filtering link (310) is to net pressure synchronizing signal UfExported after being filtered processing to described first Comparing element (311), the net pressure synchronizing signal U after then first comparing element (311) will be handled after filteringfWith it is normal Net voltage crest value lower limit UfminJudgement is compared, if all going out the existing network pressure filtered signal of synchronizing signal in half of power frequency period Less than or equal to normal net voltage crest value lower limit Ufmin, then pantograph (100) dead electricity is judged.
15. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 11 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The intelligence inspection Surveying unit (3) includes the first difference comparsion link (312), described when the current transformer (200) is in non-underloading traction working condition First difference comparsion link (312) is according to rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfActual value and reason Judged by the deviation of value, as rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value and actual value Difference judge threshold value I more than or equal to differenceD_value_maxWhen, then judge pantograph (100) dead electricity.
16. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 11 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The intelligence inspection Surveying unit (3) includes the first ratio comparing element (313), described when the current transformer (200) is in non-underloading traction working condition First difference comparsion link (312) is according to rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfActual value and reason Judged by the deviation of value, as rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value and actual value Ratio be more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value Iratio_maxWhen, then judge pantograph (100) dead electricity.
17. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 12 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The intelligence inspection Survey unit (3) include second filtering link (320), the second comparing element (321), the 3rd comparing element (322) and with knocker section (323)；When the current transformer (200) is in non-underloading damped condition, second comparing element (321) is by DC voltage Ud With normal DC upper voltage limit value UdmaxIt is compared, the second filtering link (320) is to net pressure synchronizing signal UfFiltered Ripple, the net after handling after filtering is then pressed into synchronizing signal U by the 3rd comparing element (322)fWith normal net voltage crest value Higher limit UfmaxIt is compared, the output valve of second comparing element (321) and the output of the 3rd comparing element (322) Value is in the progress middle with knocker section (323) and computing；When DC voltage is more than normal DC upper voltage limit value UdmaxCertain model After enclosing, if the net pressure synchronizing signal U after half of power frequency period all occurs handling after filteringfMore than or equal to normal net pressure Peak value higher limit UfmaxWhen, then judge pantograph (100) dead electricity.
18. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 12 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The intelligence inspection Surveying unit (3) includes the second difference comparsion link (324), described when the current transformer (200) is in non-underloading damped condition Second difference comparsion link (324) is according to rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfActual value and reason Judged by the deviation of value, as rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value and actual value Difference judge threshold value I more than or equal to differenceD_value_maxWhen, then judge pantograph (100) dead electricity.
19. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 12 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The intelligence inspection Surveying unit (3) includes the second ratio comparing element (325), described when the current transformer (200) is in non-underloading damped condition Second ratio comparing element (325) is according to rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfActual value and reason Judged by the deviation of value, as rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value and actual value Ratio be more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value Iratio_maxWhen, then judge pantograph (100) dead electricity.
20. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 13 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The intelligence inspection Surveying unit (3) includes extraction calculating link (330) and the 4th comparing element (331), when the current transformer (200) is in underloading work During condition, the extraction calculates link (330) extraction net pressure synchronizing signal UfIn the harmonics U that includesh, and calculate the spy Levy subharmonic UhVirtual value Uh_rms, then by the 4th comparing element (331) by the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rmsWith it is humorous Ripple judges threshold value Uh_thresholdIt is compared, if the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rmsMore than or equal to threshold value Uh_threshold, then pantograph (100) dead electricity is judged.
21. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 20 and protection device, it is characterised in that：The extraction meter Calculate link (330) and ask for link (341), LPF link (342) and the second ratio including trap link (340), absolute value Link (343)；The trap link (340) is to net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, the filter that the trap link (340) is directed to Except frequency is located at the centre frequency of harmonics；By net pressure synchronizing signal UfSubtract the output letter of the trap link (340) Number, obtain harmonics Uh, link (341) is asked for harmonics U by the absolute valuehAbsolute value is carried out to ask for handling, Obtain the absolute value U of harmonicsh_abs；Again by the LPF link (342) to after absolute value asks for processing Uh_absSecond-order low-pass filter is carried out, filters out of ac, retains DC quantity；By second proportional component (343) to the straight of reservation Flow is multiplied by correction factor, obtains the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rms。
22. a kind of train pantograph dead electricity detection and guard method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A) voltage to train traction system, current signal sample；
B voltage, the current signal) obtained according to sampling carries out current transformer power calculation；
C) voltage, current signal, breaker and contactor state, the current transformer state obtained according to sampling, and by calculating Obtained current transformer power, carry out the detection of pantograph dead electricity and judgement；
D) if detecting that pantograph dead electricity occurs in the operating condition in train traction system, according to the current transformer being calculated Power, corresponding safeguard measure is taken respectively.
23. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 22 and guard method, it is characterised in that：In step A) in Voltage, the current signal of train traction system, voltage, the electricity of the motion control unit sampling are sampled by motion control unit Flowing signal includes net pressure synchronizing signal Uf, each rectifier ac-side current Inl~InX, transformer primary avris electric current If, direct current Press Ud。
24. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 23 and guard method, it is characterised in that：The current transformer (200) include rectifier (102) and inverter (103), step B) in breaker and contactor state include vacuum circuit breaker , and the first short circuit contactor (KM1), the state of the second short circuit contactor (KM2) (VCB).
25. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 24 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When detecting Pantograph (100) dead electricity is stated, and the current transformer (200) power meets or exceeds setting power, motion control unit takes phase The safeguard measure answered, the rectifier (102) and inverter (103) pulse are blocked at once, current transformer (200) is stopped, And vacuum circuit breaker described in tripping (VCB), and the first short circuit contactor (KM1), the second short circuit contactor (KM2), to prevent Due to the electric voltage over press and overcurrent phenomenon that occur after pantograph (100) dead electricity.
26. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 24 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When detecting Pantograph (100) dead electricity is stated, and the current transformer (200) power takes corresponding guarantor less than setting power, motion control unit Shield measure, first make the inverter (103) that power are unloaded into zero according to certain slope, then block the rectifier again And inverter (103) pulse, and vacuum circuit breaker described in tripping (VCB), and the first short circuit contactor (KM1), second (102) Short circuit contactor (KM2), to avoid the sudden shake of the train caused by thering is power situation to cut off power suddenly.
27. the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and guard method according to any one of claim 24,25 or 26, its feature Be, the step A) sampling process further comprise the steps：
Voltage, the current signal in train traction system are gathered, and exports 0~± ImmaxCurrent mode signal；0~± ImmaxElectric current The sampled voltage proportional to the current mode signal is produced after the sampled resistance of type signal stream；Sampled voltage passes through operation amplifier It is changed into 0~± 10V standard electric die mould signal, the standard electric die mould signal is transformed to 0~± 8191 number by AD conversion Word amount signal；The digital quantity signal is multiplied by the conversion coefficient of links in sampling process, obtain with train traction system Voltage, current variable corresponding to real voltage, current value.
28. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 27 and guard method, it is characterised in that in step B) In：
The net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when sampling processf, transformer primary avris electric current IfWhen, current transformer work( Rate is the product that net is pressed with valid value and transformer primary avris current effective value；
The net pressure synchronizing signal U in train traction system is gathered when sampling processf, each rectifier ac-side current Inl~InX When, current transformer power is that rectifier ac-side current is converted into transformer primary avris according to transformer voltage ratio, rectifier tuple Electric current, the performance number of valid value calculating is then pressed with according to the transformer primary avris electric current and net of conversion；
When sampling process gathers the DC voltage U in train traction systemd, DC current IdWhen, current transformer power is DC voltage UdWith DC current IdProduct.
29. the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and guard method according to any one of claim 23,24,25 or 26, its It is characterised by：In step C) in, according to performance feelings of the current transformer (200) under pantograph dead electricity operating mode in train traction system Condition, the current transformer state under pantograph dead electricity operating mode is divided into current transformer and stops operating mode, the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer, unsteady flow The non-underloading damped condition of device, current transformer light duty.
30. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 29 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow When device (200) is in stopping operating mode, synchronizing signal voltage peak U is pressed according to the net in each power frequency periodfpeakWhether be less than or Equal to normal net voltage crest value lower limit UfminCarry out pantograph dead electricity judgement.
31. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 29 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow Device (200) is in current transformer and is in operating condition, when the breaker and contactor are in the state of closure, according to current transformer (200) size of power selects corresponding pantograph dead electricity judgment mode.
32. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 31 and guard method, it is characterised in that：If the change Stream device (200) is in traction working condition, and current transformer (200) power P is more than or equal to selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then set The pantograph dead electricity judgment mode put under the non-underloading traction working condition of current transformer comes into force.
33. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 31 and guard method, it is characterised in that：If the change Stream device (200) is in damped condition, and current transformer (200) power P is more than or equal to selection mode threshold value Pthreshold, then set The pantograph dead electricity judgment mode put under the non-underloading damped condition of current transformer comes into force.
34. the detection of train pantograph dead electricity and guard method according to any one of claim 31,32 or 33, its feature It is：If current transformer (200) power P is less than or equal to 1.2*Pthreshold, then set current transformer light duty under by Pantograph dead electricity judgment mode comes into force.
35. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 32 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow When device (200) is in non-underloading traction working condition, to net pressure synchronizing signal UfProcessing is filtered, by the net after handling after filtering Press synchronizing signal UfWith normal net voltage crest value lower limit UfminJudgement is compared, if it is same all to go out existing network pressure in half of power frequency period The step filtered signal of signal is less than or equal to normal net voltage crest value lower limit Ufmin, then pantograph (100) dead electricity is judged.
36. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 32 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow When device (200) is in non-underloading traction working condition, according to rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is real The deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value Judge threshold value I more than or equal to difference with the difference of actual valueD_value_maxWhen, then judge pantograph (100) dead electricity.
37. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 32 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow When device (200) is in non-underloading traction working condition, according to rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is real The deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value It is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value I with the ratio of actual valueratio_maxWhen, then judge pantograph (100) dead electricity.
38. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 33 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow When device (200) is in non-underloading damped condition, by DC voltage UdWith normal DC upper voltage limit value UdmaxIt is compared and draws One fiducial value, and to net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, the net after handling after filtering is then pressed into synchronizing signal UfWith it is normal Net voltage crest value higher limit UfmaxIt is compared to obtain the second fiducial value；To the first fiducial value output valve compared with described second Value carries out and computing, when DC voltage is more than normal DC upper voltage limit value UdmaxAfter certain limit, if half of power frequency week All there is the pressure synchronizing signal of the net after handling after filtering U in phasefMore than or equal to normal net voltage crest value higher limit UfmaxWhen, then sentence Disconnected pantograph (100) dead electricity.
39. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 33 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow When device (200) is in non-underloading damped condition, according to rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is real The deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value Judge threshold value I more than or equal to difference with the difference of actual valueD_va1ue_maxWhen, then judge pantograph (100) dead electricity.
40. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 33 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow When device (200) is in non-underloading damped condition, according to rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfIt is real The deviation of actual value and theoretical value is judged, as rectifier ac-side current Inl~InXOr transformer primary avris electric current IfTheoretical value It is more than or equal to ratio in judgement threshold value I with the ratio of actual valueratio_maxWhen, then judge pantograph (100) dead electricity.
41. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 34 and guard method, it is characterised in that：When the unsteady flow When device (200) is in light duty, extraction net pressure synchronizing signal UfIn the harmonics U that includesh, and calculate the feature time Harmonic wave UhVirtual value Uh_rms, then the virtual value U by harmonicsh_rmsJudge threshold value U with harmonic waveh_thresholdCompared Compared with if the virtual value U of harmonicsh_rmsMore than or equal to threshold value Uh_threshold, then pantograph (100) dead electricity is judged.
42. train pantograph dead electricity detection according to claim 41 and guard method, it is characterised in that when the unsteady flow When device (200) is in light duty, harmonics U is extractedh, and calculate the harmonics UhVirtual value Uh_rmsMistake Journey further comprises the steps：
To net pressure synchronizing signal UfIt is filtered, filters the centre frequency that the rejection frequency being directed to is located at harmonics；Net is pressed Synchronizing signal UfSubtract the net pressure synchronizing signal U after processing after filteringf, obtain harmonics Uh, to harmonics UhEnter Row absolute value is asked for handling, and obtains the absolute value U of harmonicsh_abs；Again to the U after absolute value asks for processingh_absEnter Row second-order low-pass filter, of ac is filtered out, retain DC quantity；Correction factor is multiplied by the DC quantity of reservation, it is humorous to obtain feature time The virtual value U of rippleh_rms。
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