CN107877033B - Flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107877033B CN107877033B CN201610878489.1A CN201610878489A CN107877033B CN 107877033 B CN107877033 B CN 107877033B CN 201610878489 A CN201610878489 A CN 201610878489A CN 107877033 B CN107877033 B CN 107877033B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
- B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/368—Selection of non-metallic compositions of core materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/406—Filled tubular wire or rods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The flux-cored wire comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core comprises, by weight, 3.0% -5.0% of carbon, 0.5% -2.5% of manganese, 0.5% -2.5% of silicon, 22.0% -27.0% of chromium, 2.0% -4% of sodium salt, 0.2% -0.4% of potassium salt, 4% -8% of a slagging agent, 9% -16% of a deoxidizer and the balance of iron. The flux-cored wire is convenient to process, has less splashing range during welding, greatly reduces the waste of raw materials, weakens the potential safety hazard of production and greatly improves the production efficiency. In addition, the fused coating formed after flux-cored welding is just high-chromium cast iron which has strong hardness, so that the service life of the fused coating is greatly prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal welding materials, in particular to a flux-cored wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Surfacing is a process of depositing a material with certain properties onto the surface of a substrate (weldment) by using a welding heat source to form a metallurgical bond.
The purpose of surfacing is to modify the metal surface by means of welding to obtain a desired layer of fusion with particular properties of wear, heat and corrosion resistance, or to recover from dimensional deficiencies of the workpiece due to wear or processing errors, both of which are known in surface engineering as repair and reinforcement. The surfacing welding can repair old metal parts to restore the parts or make the parts have new appearance sizes, and can form a composite layer on the surfaces of the metal parts to obtain new and specific wear resistance, corrosion resistance or other special properties, thereby achieving the effects of prolonging the service life of the parts, saving energy, reducing the consumption of precious alloys, shortening the processing period, reducing the cost and improving the design of the parts, being widely applied to the fields of mines, metallurgy, agricultural machinery, buildings, power stations, railways, vehicles, petroleum, chemical engineering and the like, and having very remarkable economic and social benefits.
However, the flux-cored wire in the prior art is easy to splash when welding metal, thereby being not beneficial to environmental protection, and meanwhile, the flux-cored wire is buried in the production process, which has potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flux-cored wire with a small splashing range in a welding process and a preparation method thereof.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: the flux-cored wire comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core comprises, by weight, 3.0% -5.0% of carbon, 0.5% -2.5% of manganese, 0.5% -2.5% of silicon, 22.0% -27.0% of chromium, 2.0% -4% of sodium salt, 0.2% -0.4% of potassium salt, 4% -8% of a slagging agent, 9% -16% of a deoxidizer and the balance of iron.
Preferably, the flux core comprises, by weight, 4.0% of carbon, 1.5% of manganese, 1.5% of silicon, 24.5% of chromium, 3.0% of sodium salt, 0.3% of potassium salt, 6.0% of slag former, 12.5% of deoxidizer and the balance of iron.
Chromium is added into the flux core of the welding wire, so that chromium metal and metal elements such as iron, manganese and the like can form alloy in the welding process, the hardness of the cladding layer is greatly improved, the possibility that the cladding layer is broken due to impact is favorably reduced, and the service life of the cladding layer is greatly prolonged.
Meanwhile, the cladding layer formed by the welding wire after melting is high-chromium cast iron which is a wear-resistant material with excellent performance and special attention. It has much higher wear resistance than alloy steel, toughness and strength than common white cast iron, and good high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.
In addition, the potassium salt and the sodium salt can play a role in stabilizing the arc, thereby being beneficial to reducing the welding spatter range.
Preferably, the sodium salt is one or a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium silicate.
Preferably, the potassium salt is one or a mixture of potassium carbonate, potassium silicate and potassium titanate.
Preferably, the ratio of the potassium content in the potassium salt to the sodium content in the sodium salt is 11% to 15%.
When the content ratio of potassium element to sodium element in the flux-cored welding wire is between 11% and 15%, the splashing amount of the welding wire in the welding process is small, and particularly when the content ratio is about 13%, the splashing amount of the welding wire is the minimum.
Preferably, the slagging agent is bauxite.
The bauxite is mainly Al2O3·SiO2The form-combined mineral exists and is decomposed into gamma-Al by heating at about 950 DEG C2O3And SiO2And other substances. Wherein gamma-Al2O3Is 1 kind of active alumina with loose and porous surface and large specific surface. And SiO2Has a certain slag melting effect. Another major constituent of bauxite is Fe2O3The slag melting and slagging agent also has strong slag melting and slagging capacity and increases the oxidation characteristic of the welding slag.
Meanwhile, in the welding process, the temperature of flame near the welding point is too high. The traditional fluorite slagging agent comprises CaF as the main component2It readily becomes a vapor phase fluoride. In this view, CaF in fluorite2Although the slag former has strong slag melting capacity, the slag former is unstable and gradually reduced in the welding process, and the human skeleton becomes loose after the gas-phase fluoride is absorbed for a long time. And Al in bauxite2O3、Fe2O3、SiO2The components are relatively stable in slag, the operation process is easy to master, and the production environment pollution is easy to reduce.
Preferably, the deoxidizer is an Al-Ti-Ca compound deoxidizer.
A preparation method of a flux-cored wire comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively preparing carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, sodium salt, potassium salt, slag former, deoxidizer and iron into powder in advance;
s2, weighing the powder prepared in the step S1 according to the specified weight percentage, adding the powder into a mixer, and uniformly mixing;
s3, before rolling, cleaning the low-carbon steel strip to remove grease, dust and impurities, and drying the low-carbon steel strip by high-temperature air;
s4, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape, filling the uniformly mixed powder into the U shape, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into an O shape, and sealing the powder in the low-carbon steel strip to obtain a semi-finished welding wire;
and S5, drawing the rolled semi-finished welding wire to obtain the finished welding wire.
Preferably, the high-temperature air in S3 is nitrogen, and the wind speed is 15m/S to 20 m/S.
The low-carbon steel strip is dried by using nitrogen, so that the surface of the low-carbon steel strip is prevented from being rusted in a high-temperature and humid environment, the storage time of the flux-cored wire is prolonged, and the use effect of the flux-cored wire is ensured.
Preferably, in S5, before the semi-finished welding wire is drawn into the finished welding wire, a lubricating coating is applied to the surface of the semi-finished welding wire.
The lubricating coating is smeared on the surface of the welding wire, so that the welding wire can be more smoothly conveyed in the process of conveying the welding wire, and the efficiency of conveying the welding wire is greatly improved. Moreover, the possibility of the steel wire being pulled apart by the traction force can be reduced.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. potassium salt and sodium salt are added into the flux core, so that the arc stabilizing effect can be effectively realized, and the amount of spark splashing in the welding process is reduced;
2. the bauxite is used as a slagging agent, so that the slagging effect is good, the bauxite is not easy to volatilize, and the pollution to the environment is less;
3. and chromium, iron and other metals in the flux core can form a high-chromium cast iron alloy cladding layer in the welding process, and the high-chromium cast iron alloy cladding layer is attached to the welding seam, so that the connecting effect of the welding seam can be effectively improved, and the possibility of fracture of the welding seam is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method of making a flux cored wire.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The first embodiment,
S1, respectively preparing carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, sodium salt, potassium salt, bauxite, Al-Ti-Ca composite deoxidizer and iron into powder in advance;
s2, weighing 3kg of carbon, 0.5kg of manganese, 0.5kg of silicon, 22kg of chromium, 1kg of sodium carbonate, 1kg of sodium silicate, 0.1kg of potassium carbonate, 0.1kg of potassium silicate, 4kg of bauxite, 9kg of Al-Ti-Ca compound deoxidizer and 58.8kg of iron, adding into a mixer, and uniformly mixing;
and S3, before rolling, cleaning the low-carbon steel strip to remove grease, dust and impurities, and then drying the low-carbon steel strip by using high-temperature nitrogen at the wind speed of 15-20 m/S.
S4, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape, filling the uniformly mixed powder into the U shape, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into an O shape, and sealing the powder in the low-carbon steel strip to obtain a semi-finished welding wire;
and S5, coating a lubricating coating on the surface of the semi-finished welding wire, and drawing the rolled semi-finished welding wire to obtain the finished welding wire.
Example II,
S1, respectively preparing carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, sodium salt, potassium salt, bauxite, Al-Ti-Ca composite deoxidizer and iron into powder in advance;
s2, weighing 5kg of carbon, 2.5kg of manganese, 2.5kg of silicon, 27kg of chromium, 4kg of sodium carbonate, 0.1kg of potassium carbonate, 0.2kg of potassium silicate, 0.1kg of potassium titanate, 8kg of bauxite, 16kg of Al-Ti-Ca composite deoxidizer and 34.6kg of iron, and adding the materials into a mixer for uniform mixing;
and S3, before rolling, cleaning the low-carbon steel strip to remove grease, dust and impurities, and then drying the low-carbon steel strip by using high-temperature nitrogen at the wind speed of 15-20 m/S.
S4, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape, filling the uniformly mixed powder into the U shape, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into an O shape, and sealing the powder in the low-carbon steel strip to obtain a semi-finished welding wire;
and S5, coating a lubricating coating on the surface of the semi-finished welding wire, and drawing the rolled semi-finished welding wire to obtain the finished welding wire.
Example III,
S1, respectively preparing carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, sodium salt, potassium salt, bauxite, Al-Ti-Ca composite deoxidizer and iron into powder in advance;
s2, weighing 4kg of carbon, 1.5kg of manganese, 1.5kg of silicon, 24.5kg of chromium, 3kg of sodium silicate, 0.2kg of potassium carbonate, 0.1kg of potassium titanate, 6kg of bauxite, 12.5kg of Al-Ti-Ca compound deoxidizer and 46.7kg of iron, adding into a mixer, and uniformly mixing;
and S3, before rolling, cleaning the low-carbon steel strip to remove grease, dust and impurities, and then drying the low-carbon steel strip by using high-temperature nitrogen at the wind speed of 15-20 m/S.
S4, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape, filling the uniformly mixed powder into the U shape, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into an O shape, and sealing the powder in the low-carbon steel strip to obtain a semi-finished welding wire;
and S5, coating a lubricating coating on the surface of the semi-finished welding wire, and drawing the rolled semi-finished welding wire to obtain the finished welding wire.
Example four,
S1, respectively preparing carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, sodium salt, potassium salt, bauxite, Al-Ti-Ca composite deoxidizer and iron into powder in advance;
s2, weighing 3kg of carbon, 0.5kg of manganese, 0.5kg of silicon, 22kg of chromium, 1kg of sodium carbonate, 1kg of sodium silicate, 0.2kg of potassium carbonate, 0.2kg of potassium silicate, 4kg of bauxite, 9kg of Al-Ti-Ca compound deoxidizer and 58.6kg of iron, adding into a mixer, and uniformly mixing;
and S3, before rolling, cleaning the low-carbon steel strip to remove grease, dust and impurities, and then drying the low-carbon steel strip by using high-temperature nitrogen at the wind speed of 15-20 m/S.
S4, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape, filling the uniformly mixed powder into the U shape, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into an O shape, and sealing the powder in the low-carbon steel strip to obtain a semi-finished welding wire;
and S5, coating a lubricating coating on the surface of the semi-finished welding wire, and drawing the rolled semi-finished welding wire to obtain the finished welding wire.
Example V,
S1, respectively preparing carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, sodium salt, potassium salt, bauxite, Al-Ti-Ca composite deoxidizer and iron into powder in advance;
s2, weighing 3kg of carbon, 0.5kg of manganese, 0.5kg of silicon, 22kg of chromium, 2kg of sodium carbonate, 2kg of sodium silicate, 0.1kg of potassium carbonate, 0.1kg of potassium silicate, 4kg of bauxite, 9kg of Al-Ti-Ca compound deoxidizer and 56.8kg of iron, adding into a mixer, and uniformly mixing;
and S3, before rolling, cleaning the low-carbon steel strip to remove grease, dust and impurities, and then drying the low-carbon steel strip by using high-temperature nitrogen at the wind speed of 15-20 m/S.
S4, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape, filling the uniformly mixed powder into the U shape, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into an O shape, and sealing the powder in the low-carbon steel strip to obtain a semi-finished welding wire;
and S5, coating a lubricating coating on the surface of the semi-finished welding wire, and drawing the rolled semi-finished welding wire to obtain the finished welding wire.
Comparative examples A,
S1, respectively preparing carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, sodium salt, potassium salt, bauxite, Al-Ti-Ca composite deoxidizer and iron into powder in advance;
s2, weighing 3kg of carbon, 0.5kg of manganese, 0.5kg of silicon, 22kg of chromium, 0.1kg of potassium carbonate, 0.1kg of potassium silicate, 4kg of bauxite, 9kg of Al-Ti-Ca compound deoxidizer and 58.6kg of iron, adding into a mixer, and uniformly mixing;
and S3, before rolling, cleaning the low-carbon steel strip to remove grease, dust and impurities, and then drying the low-carbon steel strip by using high-temperature nitrogen at the wind speed of 15-20 m/S.
S4, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape, filling the uniformly mixed powder into the U shape, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into an O shape, and sealing the powder in the low-carbon steel strip to obtain a semi-finished welding wire;
and S5, coating a lubricating coating on the surface of the semi-finished welding wire, and drawing the rolled semi-finished welding wire to obtain the finished welding wire.
Comparative example II,
S1, respectively preparing carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, sodium salt, potassium salt, bauxite, Al-Ti-Ca composite deoxidizer and iron into powder in advance;
s2, weighing 3kg of carbon, 0.5kg of manganese, 0.5kg of silicon, 22kg of chromium, 1kg of sodium carbonate, 1kg of sodium silicate, 4kg of bauxite, 9kg of Al-Ti-Ca composite deoxidizer and 58.6kg of iron, adding into a mixer, and uniformly mixing;
and S3, before rolling, cleaning the low-carbon steel strip to remove grease, dust and impurities, and then drying the low-carbon steel strip by using high-temperature nitrogen at the wind speed of 15-20 m/S.
S4, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape, filling the uniformly mixed powder into the U shape, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into an O shape, and sealing the powder in the low-carbon steel strip to obtain a semi-finished welding wire;
and S5, coating a lubricating coating on the surface of the semi-finished welding wire, and drawing the rolled semi-finished welding wire to obtain the finished welding wire.
The data of table one were obtained by performing the measurements of examples one to five and comparative examples one and two according to the following test protocols.
Measurement of weld spatter: a carbon steel test plate of 20mm by 100mm by 300mm was used. The test panels were placed on smooth 1000mm x 1000mm steel panels after rust removal. Welding with 280A × 31V × 280mm/min specification and CO2Overlaying welding is carried out under the gas protection of 20L/min, and welding spatter is measured;
measurement of the hardness of the cladding layer: measuring the surface hardness of the cladding layer by using an HR-150A Rockwell hardness tester, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 3.5-4.5 mm;
slagging loss rate: the mass of the fused layer was directly weighed compared to the original mass of the core.
Watch 1
From the above table one, the invention greatly reduces the amount of weld spatter due to the addition of potassium and sodium salts, and the ratio of potassium to sodium of example one is 13% with the weld spatter being lowest. Meanwhile, the HRC hardness of the invention is in accordance with the national standard. In addition, the loss rate can show that the slagging agent has better use efficiency and is more environment-friendly compared with the traditional slagging agent.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A flux-cored wire comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core comprises,
3.0 to 5.0 percent of carbon
0.5 to 2.5 percent of manganese
0.5 to 2.5 percent of silicon
22.0 to 27.0 percent of chromium
2.0 to 4 percent of sodium salt
0.2 to 0.4 percent of sylvite
4 to 8 percent of slagging agent
9 to 16 percent of deoxidizer
The balance of the iron is the iron,
the sodium salt is one or a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium silicate, the potassium salt is one or a mixture of potassium carbonate, potassium silicate and potassium titanate, and the ratio of the potassium content in the potassium salt to the sodium content in the sodium salt is 11-15%.
2. The flux cored welding wire of claim 1, wherein: the medicine core comprises the following components in percentage by weight,
4.0 percent of carbon
1.5 percent of manganese
1.5 percent of silicon
24.5 percent of chromium
3.0 percent of sodium salt
0.3 percent of potassium salt
6.0 percent of slagging agent
12.5 percent of deoxidizer
The balance being iron.
3. The flux cored welding wire of claim 1, wherein: the slagging agent is bauxite.
4. The flux cored welding wire of claim 1, wherein: the deoxidizer is an Al-Ti-Ca compound deoxidizer.
5. The method of manufacturing a flux cored welding wire of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, respectively preparing carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, sodium salt, potassium salt, slag former, deoxidizer and iron into powder in advance;
s2, weighing the powder prepared in the step S1 according to the specified weight percentage, adding the powder into a mixer, and uniformly mixing;
s3, before rolling, cleaning the low-carbon steel strip to remove grease, dust and impurities, and drying the low-carbon steel strip by high-temperature air;
s4, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape, filling the uniformly mixed powder into the U shape, rolling the low-carbon steel strip into an O shape, and sealing the powder in the low-carbon steel strip to obtain a semi-finished welding wire;
and S5, drawing the rolled semi-finished welding wire to obtain the finished welding wire.
6. The method for preparing a flux-cored wire of claim 5, wherein: the high-temperature air in the S3 is nitrogen, and the wind speed is 15-20 m/S.
7. The method for preparing a flux cored welding wire as recited in claim 5, wherein the lubricating coating is applied to the surface of the semi-finished welding wire before the semi-finished welding wire is drawn into the finished welding wire in S5.
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| CN108544132A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-09-18 | 淮北卓颂建筑工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high abrasion stainless steel welding stick |
| CN108838580B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-08-07 | 天津沃盾耐磨材料有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant welding wire and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105312792A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-02-10 | 倪永伟 | Self-protection build-up welding flux-cored wire for high-chromium cast iron |
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2016
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101041214A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2007-09-26 | 北京工业大学 | Refractory steel alkaline flux-cored wire with excellent removability of slag |
| CN102179640A (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2011-09-14 | 武汉铁锚焊接材料股份有限公司 | High-strength and high-toughness metal powder flux-cored wire |
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| CN103317262A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-25 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司唐山分公司 | Flux-cored welding wire for surfacing welding of cover face layer of gray cast iron |
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| CN105312792A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-02-10 | 倪永伟 | Self-protection build-up welding flux-cored wire for high-chromium cast iron |
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