CN107875123B

CN107875123B - Functionalization vinblastine liposome and its application

Info

Publication number: CN107875123B
Application number: CN201610854962.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕万良; 沐黎敏; 卜英子; 刘磊; 吴佳栓; 居瑞军
Original assignee: Peking University
Current assignee: Peking University
Priority date: 2016-09-27
Filing date: 2016-09-27
Publication date: 2019-07-16
Anticipated expiration: 2036-09-27
Also published as: CN107875123A

Abstract

The invention discloses functionalization vinblastine liposome and its applications.The present invention provides a kind of vinblastine liposomes, for with eight poly arginine modified liposome of functionalization material TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine and stearyl, liposome after being modified, vinblastine is contained after the modification in liposome again, obtains functionalization vinblastine liposome.The experiment proves that the present invention has synthesized a kind of functionalization material TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE), and with it and target eight poly arginine (stearyl-R of material stearyl₈) modification vinblastine liposome, blood-brain barrier can be crossed over and kill the functionalization vinblastine liposome of glioma and its stem cell by obtaining one kind.

Description

Functionalization vinblastine liposome and its application

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of biotechnology more particularly to a kind of functionalization vinblastine liposome and its applications.

Background technique

Vinblastine (vinblastine, VLB) by Canadian University of Western Ontario scientist Robert Noble and Charles Thomas extracted from apocynaceae plant catharanthus roseus isolated for the first time in 1958, it is a kind of double indoles types Alkaloid has anti-tumor activity.The structural formula of vinblastine is as shown in Figure 1, molecular formula is C₄₆H₅₈N₄O₉, molecular weight is 810.97, normal vitriolization salt is not soluble in water, for white or off-white color crystalline powder.

TfR binding peptide TfR-T₁₂It is the polypeptide that sequence is THRPPMWSPVWP, includes 12 amino acid (Thr-His-Arg-Pro-Pro-Met-Trp-Ser-Pro-Val-Trp-Pro), soluble easily in water and methanol, molecular weight are 1490.8。TfR-T₁₂Polypeptide can be specifically bound with human TfR (transferrin receptor, TfR), and Competion experiment shows that the binding site of its binding site and transferrins (transferrin, Tf) are different, this makes TfR- T₁₂The interference of transferrins is not will receive when in vivo in conjunction with TfR.Due to high on blood-brain barrier and tumour cell Express TfR, therefore TfR-T₁₂There is potential using value in brain targeted drug delivery system.

Eight poly arginine of stearyl (stearylated octaarginine, Stearyl-R₈) be by eight arginine and Functional material obtained by stearyl (stearyl) synthesis connection, is synthesized to obtain first by Shiroh Futaki etc..Eight poly- smart ammonia Acid can help Plasmid DNA to enter cell to be transfected, dramatically increased in transfection efficiency rear in conjunction with stearyl.Stearyl-R₈Energy It helps material to enter cell and is primarily due to arginine with cationic species abundant, and (especially tumour is thin for most cells Born of the same parents) and organelle surface be in elecrtonegativity, therefore have the function of targets neoplastic cells and subcellular organelle, simultaneously because stearyl In the presence of, can be plugged on the phospholipid bilayer of liposome, help liposome target tumor position.

Distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG₂₀₀₀) it is a kind of for long circulating liposome system Standby material, when being recycled in hematological system by the big unilamellar liposome that Maruyama K etc. has reported material modification for 1992 Between extended.By the DSPE-PEG of NHS group activation₂₀₀₀For distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol-N- Succinimide (NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE), it is easily reacted with the amino on polypeptide, sloughs N- hydroxysuccinimidyl acyl during the reaction Imines generates amido bond, easily operated.

Glioma is a kind of great brain diseases, and operative treatment difficulty is big, and radiotherapy side effect is more, and operation is controlled It still can remaining a small amount of brain glioblastoma cell and its stem cell after treatment or radiotherapy.In conventional chemotherapy, chemotherapeutics It is difficult to across blood-brain barrier, and a small amount of drug that can cross over blood-brain barrier is since human brain glioma stem cells have drug resistance, it is also difficult It is clean to be removed, lead to the recurrence of glioma.Therefore, how to help chemotherapeutics across blood-brain barrier, kill brain The glioma of remaining is removed while glioma and its stem cell is the important scientific issues to remain unsolved.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of liposome or vinblastine liposomes.

Liposome provided by the invention is through TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine It is modified with eight poly arginine of stearyl；

Vinblastine liposome provided by the invention is by the liposome and contains in the intracorporal catharanthus roseus of the lipid Alkali composition；

TfR binding peptide-the polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine is by TfR-T₁₂Polypeptide and NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀The product that-DSPE is keyed by amide.

TfR-T₁₂(Thr-His-Arg-Pro-Pro-Met-Trp-Ser-Pro-Val-Trp-Pro) raw purchased from Hefei state peptide Object Science and Technology Ltd..

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned vinblastine liposome.

Method provided by the invention, for TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine With eight poly arginine (stearyl-R of stearyl₈) modified liposome, and vinblastine is contained and is grown in the liposome Spring flower alkali liposome.

The above method includes the following steps:

1) TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine is prepared；

The preparation method includes the following steps: TfR-T₁₂Polypeptide and NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀Effect of-the DSPE in catalyst Lower carry out acylation reaction, obtains TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine；

It is above-mentioned that prepare TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine method also specific Include the following steps: that reaction system is transferred in bag filter after the acylation reaction step, is placed in deionized water thoroughly Analysis 24 hours removes solvent and unreacting material, obtains TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoylphosphatidyl Ethanol amine；

The molecular cut off of the bag filter is specially 3000Da；The time of the dialysis is 24 hours.

2) lecithin, cholesterol, TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoylphosphatidyl ethyl alcohol are used Amine (TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE) and eight poly arginine (stearyl-R of stearyl₈) carry out film formation reaction, rouge after being modified Plastid, liposome after being modified；

The method of liposome specifically comprises the following steps: lecithin, cholesterol and TfR-T after above-mentioned preparation modification₁₂- PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE is dissolved in organic solvent, and organic solvent is removed under reduced pressure, and forms the system containing film；Add ammonium sulfate into Row aquation obtains thick liposome；Again by thick lipide supersonic, product after ultrasound is obtained, is by aperture by product after ultrasound The poly- carbon ester film of 200nm, filtrate are dialysed by bag filter, obtain liposome；

3) vinblastine is contained after the modification in liposome, obtains vinblastine liposome.

It is above-mentioned vinblastine is contained include the following steps: in the liposome vinblastine methanol is molten Solution obtains lysate, then liposome and the lysate is mixed, and reaction obtains vinblastine liposome.

In the above method, in step 1), the TfR-T₁₂Polypeptide and NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀The molar ratio of-DSPE is 1:1- 3:1；

Or, the catalyst is N-methylmorpholine；

Or, the catalyst and the TfR-T₁₂The charge ratio of polypeptide is 200 μ L:8 μm ol；

Or, the temperature of the acylation reaction is room temperature, the time of acylation reaction is 48h；

Or, the acylation reaction carries out in a solvent；

Or, the solvent is specially DMF.

In the above method, in step 2), the lecithin, cholesterol, institute's TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol- Distearoyl Phosphatidylethanolamine and the stearyl-R₈Molar ratio be 60:30:3:5.

In the above method, in step 3), the mass ratio that feeds intake of liposome is 1:20 after the vinblastine and the modification.

TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoylphosphatidyl the second being prepared in the above method Hydramine is also the scope of protection of the invention；

Or liposome is also the scope of protection of the invention after the modification being prepared in the above method.

Above-mentioned TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine prepare liposome or The application for preparing vinblastine liposome or modified liposome or modifying in vinblastine liposome is also the model of the invention protected It encloses；

Or above-mentioned vinblastine liposome or above-mentioned TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearyl phosphorus Acyl ethanol amine has following 1) -9 in preparation) application in the product of at least one function is also the scope of protection of the invention:

1) brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cell are killed；

2) inhibit brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cells hyperplasia；

3) blood-brain barrier is crossed over；

4) promote brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cell apoptosis；

5) promote brain glioblastoma cell or the injury of mitochondria of its stem cell；

6) brain glioblastoma cell or its Stem Cell Activity oxygen level are improved；

7) promote brain glioblastoma cell or the micro-duct injury of its stem cell；

8) it improves and promotees apoptosis-related protein gene expression in brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cell；

9) prevent and/or treat glioma.

Third purpose of the present invention, which is to provide, a kind of has following 1) -9) product of at least one function.

Product provided by the invention, active constituent are above-mentioned vinblastine liposome；

1) brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cell are killed；

2) inhibit brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cells hyperplasia；

3) blood-brain barrier is crossed over；

4) promote brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cell apoptosis；

7) promote brain glioblastoma cell or the micro-duct injury of its stem cell；

9) prevent and/or treat glioma.

Among the above, the rush apoptosis-related protein is caspase-3/7, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bax, cell color Plain C, Mcl-1, LC3B or FoxO1；

Or the product is drug or kit.

The experiment proves that the present invention has synthesized a kind of functionalization material TfR binding peptide-poly- second two Alcohol-Distearoyl Phosphatidylethanolamine (TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE), and gather smart ammonia with itself and cationic materials stearyl eight Acid (stearyl-R₈) modification vinblastine liposome, blood-brain barrier can be crossed over and kill glioma and its do by obtaining one kind The functionalization vinblastine liposome of cell.The functionalization vinblastine liposome has across blood-brain barrier and specific killing Human brain glioma stem cells effect is a kind of novel drug-loading system, there is important academic significance and potential clinical value.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is vinblastine structural formula schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is synthetic product TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀The MALDI-TOF-MS map of-DSPE.

Fig. 3 is functionalization vinblastine liposome structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is that HPLC method measures vinblastine concentration-peak area standard curve.

Fig. 5 is the characteristic spectrum that HPLC method measures vinblastine.

Fig. 6 is the detection limit that HPLC method measures vinblastine.

Fig. 7 is that functionalization vinblastine liposome atomic force microscope (AFM) observes result.

Fig. 8 is that functionalization vinblastine liposome transmission electron microscope (TEM) observes result.

Fig. 9 is vinblastine from the release rate in each group liposome.

Figure 10 is expression of the TfR in brain glioblastoma cell (A) and its stem cell (B).

Figure 11 is the expression feelings of cells and characteristic of stem marker TfR in brain glioblastoma cell and its stem cell Condition.

Figure 12 is each preparation group to brain glioblastoma cell (A₁) and its stem cell (A₂) lethal effect

Figure 13 is expression of the TfR in brain microvessel endothelial cells in vitro (BMVECs).

Figure 14 be each preparation group across after blood-brain barrier co-culture model to the lethal effect of brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 15 is apoptosis induction effect of each preparation group to brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 16 is apoptosis induction effect of each preparation group to human brain glioma stem cells.

Figure 17 is nucleus degree of impairment of each preparation group to brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 18 is injury of mitochondria situation of each preparation group to brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 19 is the facilitation that each preparation group discharges active oxygen to brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 20 is Microtubule disruption situation of each preparation group to brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 21 is activation of each preparation group to apoptosis enzyme caspase-3/7 in brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 22 is activation of each preparation group to apoptosis enzyme caspase-8 in brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 23 is activation of each preparation group to apoptosis enzyme caspase-9 in brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 24 is expression facilitation of each preparation group to pro apoptotic protein Bax in brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 25 be each preparation group to cytochrome c from the release facilitation in brain glioblastoma cell mitochondria.

Figure 26 is that each preparation group acts on the expression inhibiting of anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 in brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 27 is that each preparation group acts on the up-regulation of autophagy proteins LC3B in brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 28 is that each preparation group acts on the up-regulation of autophagy proteins FoxO1 in brain glioblastoma cell.

Figure 29 is normal nude mice brain tissue slice.

Figure 30 is lotus glioma nude mice brain tissue slice.

Figure 31 is real-time living imaging of the drug in lotus glioma nude mice.

Figure 32 is in vitro imaging of the drug in each organ of lotus glioma nude mice after administration 48h.

Figure 33 is lotus glioma nude mice Kapp Lan-Mei Ye survivorship curve after treating.

Figure 34 is anti-human brain glioma stem cells effect of the drug in lotus glioma nude mice.

Figure 35 is each organ hematoxylin-eosin (HE) dyeing of lotus glioma nude mice.

Specific embodiment

Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.

The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Some materials used in following embodiments 1 and instrument are as follows:

NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀-DSPE(N-hydroxysuccinimidyl-polyethylene glycol distearoyl Phosphatidyl ethanolamine) it is purchased from NOF Corp (Japanese NOF company), Japan；TfR-T₁₂(Thr- His-Arg-Pro-Pro-Met-Trp-Ser-Pro-Val-Trp-Pro it) is purchased from Hefei Guo Tai Biotechnology Co., Ltd, in State；stearyl-R₈(stearyl-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-NH₂) limited purchased from Shanghai gill biochemistry Company, China；Lecithin (egg yolk phosphatidylcholine, EPC), (Japanese NOF is public for NOF Corp Department), Japan；Cholesterol (cholesterol), (Beijing bispin microorganism training of Haidian District, Beijing City microbiological culture media products factory Support based articles factory), China；Polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (polyethylene glycol- Distearoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine, DSPE-PEG₂₀₀₀), (Japanese NOF is public for NOF Corp Department), Japan；Vinblastine Sulfate (vinblastine), Nanjing Duolun Chemical Co., Ltd., China；N,N-Dimethylformamide (dimethylformamide, DMF, super dry solvent), Beijing Bellingwell company, China；Methanol (methanol, HPLC grades) is write from memory Gram company, Germany；Acetonitrile (acetonitrile, HPLC grades), Merck & Co., Inc., Germany；Hepes (4- hydroxyethyl piperazineethanesulfonic acid, 4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperazine ethanesulfonic acid), the raw work bioengineering share in Shanghai is limited Company, China；Fetal calf serum (Fetal bovine serum, FBS), PAN biotechnology company, Germany；Phosphate buffer Pulvis (phosphate buffer saline, PBS), Beijing prosperity Bioisystech Co., Ltd, ancient cooking vessel state, China；Used in remaining Reagent is the pure rank of analysis, Beijing traditional Chinese medicines Reagent Company, China.

Bag filter (molecular cut off 3000Da, 8000-14000Da), the prosperous great achievement Biotechnology Co., Ltd in Beijing, in State；Ten a ten thousandth gram precision electronic balance of BT-25S, Sartorius company, Germany；Six magnetic force heating/constant temperature of HJ-6 type Blender, Ke Xi Instrument Ltd., Community of Jin Tan County city, China；MALDI TOFMS (MALDI-TOF-MS, matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time of flight mass), Shimadzu company, Japan；RE52CS Rotary Evaporators, Shanghai Yarong Biochemical Instrument Plant, China；SB-5200 ultrasonic machine, Ningbo Xin Zhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd instrument, China；JY92-IID type ultrasonic cell disruptor, the new sesame biotechnology in Ningbo are limited Company, China；ZWY-103B constant temperature culture oscillator, Shanghai ZHICHENG Anaiytical Instrument Manufacturing Co., Ltd., China；Tecnar G2 20ST type transmission electron microscope (transmission electron microscope, TEM), FEI Co., the U.S.；Laser It scatters particle size determination instrument (Malvern Zetasizer 3000HS), Malvern instruments company, Britain； SPI3800N series SPA-400 type atomic force microscope (AFM), NSK Co., Ltd, Japan；Shimadzu chromatograph (LC- 10AT), Shimadzu (Shimadzu) Co., Ltd, Japan；Reverse-phase chromatographic column (C18column, 5 μm, 250x4.6mm), Tuo Lunsi Phenomenex company, the U.S..

All data are indicated with Mean ± SD.Using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), then pass through the school Bonferroni It tests, P < 0.05 thinks there is significant difference.

Some materials used in following embodiments 2 and instrument are as follows:

Glioma U87-MG cell strain is purchased from Tumour Inst., Chinese Medical Academy；Serum-free replenishers, Gibco company, the U.S.；LIF ELISA (LIF) is purchased from Wuxi Yao Kemei Biotechnology Co., Ltd, China；Tire ox blood Clearly, PAN company, Germany；MEM, DMEM-F12 culture medium, insulin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast are raw The long factor (bFGF), nonessential amino acid, pancreatin are purchased from Beijing Mai Chen Science and Technology Ltd., China；Anti-Human Transferrin Receptor (CD71) antibody-FITC, Sino Biological Inc., China； Anti-Human Nestin antibody-FITC, R&D company, the U.S.；Anti-Human ABCG2(CD338)antibody- FITC, Anti-Human CXCR4antibody-PE and corresponding Isotype antibody are purchased from Biolegend company, the U.S.；Phosphorus Phthalate buffer (PBS) is purchased from Beijing Ding Guo Bioisystech Co., Ltd；Sulforhodamine B (SRB) is purchased from Sigma company, beauty State；Triton X-100 is purchased from Bioisystech Co., Ltd, Beijing Zhong Shan Golden Bridge (ZSGB-BIO), China；The purchase of 4% paraformaldehyde From Mai Chen Science and Technology Ltd., China；Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is purchased from the chemical plant Beijing Xing Jin, China；Disposable cell culture Experimental article (including tissue culture plate culture bottle, culture dish, sterile centrifugation tube etc.) is purchased from healthy and free from worry (Corning) company, the U.S.. Cell incubator, Thermo company, the U.S.；AirTECH cell super-clean bench, the safe and sound company of Su Jing, China；TDZ4-WS low speed platform Formula centrifuge, Xiang Yi centrifuge Instrument Ltd., China；Tecan infinite F50 microplate reader, Tecan company, Switzerland； TS-8 oscillator plate, its woods Bell's instrument manufacturing Co., Ltd, Haimen City, China；Inverted microscope, Chongqing optics electricity instrument Device company, China；DK-S24 electric-heated thermostatic water bath, the upper macro experimental facilities Co., Ltd of Nereid, China；Flow cytometer (BD FACS Calibur), Becton Dickinson company, the U.S..

The some materials and instrument of following embodiments 3 are as follows:

Glioma U87-MG cell strain is purchased from Tumour Inst., Chinese Medical Academy；Mouse brain capillary endothelial cell (brain microvascular endothelial cells, BMVECs) is purchased from China-Japan Friendship Hospital's clinical research institute；It is double Anti- (penicillin, streptomysin) is purchased from Beijing Suo Laibao Science and Technology Ltd, China；Fetal calf serum, PAN company, Germany；MEM, DMEM culture medium, heparin, endothelial growth factor (ECGF), nonessential amino acid, pancreatin are limited purchased from Beijing morning science and technology advanced in years Company, China；Anti-Mouse Transferrin Receptor (CD71) antibody-FITC, eBioscience company, The U.S.；Phosphate buffer (PBS) is purchased from Beijing Ding Guo Bioisystech Co., Ltd；Sulforhodamine B (SRB) is purchased from Sigma Company, the U.S.；Gelatin is purchased from Beijing Baeyer enlightening biotech company；Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is purchased from the chemical plant Beijing Xing Jin, in State；Disposable cell culture experiments articles (including tissue culture plate, Transwell polyester film inserter, culture bottle, culture dish, Sterile centrifugation tube etc.) it is purchased from healthy and free from worry (Corning) company, the U.S..

Ten a ten thousandth gram precision electronic balance of BT-25S, Sartorius company, Germany；Cell incubator, Thermo are public Department, the U.S.；AirTECH cell super-clean bench, the safe and sound company of Su Jing, China；TDZ4-WS low speed desk centrifuge, Hunan instrument centrifuge Instrument Ltd., China；Tecan infinite F50 microplate reader, Tecan company, Switzerland；TS-8 oscillator plate, Haimen Its woods Bell's instrument manufacturing Co., Ltd, city, China；ERS-2 cell resistance instrument, Millipore company, the U.S..

The some materials and instrument of following embodiments 4 are as follows:

Glioma U87-MG cell strain is purchased from Tumour Inst., Chinese Medical Academy；Human brain glioma stem cells GSCs is This research is voluntarily obtained by Fiber differentiation；Serum-free replenishers, Gibco company, the U.S.；LIF ELISA (LIF) purchase From Wuxi Yao Kemei Biotechnology Co., Ltd, China；Fetal calf serum, PAN company, Germany；Lowlenthal serum is purchased from Zhejiang day Hangzhoupro Biotech inc, China；MEM, DMEM, DMEM-F12 culture medium, insulin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), alkali Property fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), nonessential amino acid, pancreatin (be free of EDTA) purchased from Beijing step the morning limited public affairs of science and technology Department, China；Mitochondria red fluorescence probe (Mitotracker Deep Red FM), Hoechst 33342 are purchased from Invitrogen company, the U.S.；Micro-pipe red fluorescence probe (Tubulin-Tracker Red) is purchased from the green skies in Beijing (Beyotime) company, China；Apoptosis kit (7-AAD and Annexin V-KeyFluor 647) is purchased from the triumphant base in Shanghai Biological (KeyGEN Biotech), China；Active oxygen detection kit (DCFH-DA) is purchased from Beijing Puli Lay (APPLYGEN), China；anti-caspase 3/7antibody,anti-caspase 8antibody,anti-caspase 9antibody, anti-Bax antibody、anti-cytochrome c antibody、anti-MCL-1antibody、anti-Forkhead Box protein O1 (FoxO1), antibody and anti-LC3B antibody are purchased from the green skies in Beijing (Beyotime) Company, China；Alexa488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody、Alexa 488-conjugated goat anti-mouse antibody, Triton X-100 are purchased from Beijing Zhong Shan Golden Bridge biotechnology Company (ZSGB-BIO), China；4% paraformaldehyde, which is purchased from, steps morning scientific and technological (Beijing) Co., Ltd, China；Glycine is purchased from traditional Chinese medicines Group's chemical reagent Beijing Co., Ltd, China；Phosphate buffer (PBS) is purchased from Beijing Ding Guo Bioisystech Co., Ltd； Disposable cell culture experiments articles (including tissue culture plate, culture bottle, sterile centrifugation tube, etc.) be purchased from healthy and free from worry (Corning) Company, the U.S..Ten a ten thousandth gram precision electronic balance of BT-25S, Sartorius company, Germany；Cell incubator, Thermo Company, the U.S.；AirTECH cell super-clean bench, the safe and sound company of Su Jing, China；TDZ4-WS low speed desk centrifuge, the centrifugation of Hunan instrument Machine Instrument Ltd., China；Inverted microscope, Chongqing optics electro-kinetic instrument company, China；LEICA TCS-SP8 laser is total Focusing microscope (Confocal laser scanning fluorescent microscope), LEICA company, Germany；Stream Formula cell instrument (BD FACS Calibur), Becton Dickinson company, the U.S.；Operetta high intension analysis system, Perkin Elmer company, the U.S..

The some materials and instrument of following embodiments 5 are as follows:

BALB/c male nude mouse (18-20g) is purchased from Peking University's Experimental Animal Center, China；Glioma U87-MG is thin Born of the same parents' strain is purchased from Tumour Inst., Chinese Medical Academy；Fetal calf serum, PAN company, Germany；MEM culture medium, non-essential amino Acid, pancreatin are purchased from Beijing Mai Chen Science and Technology Ltd., China；Lowlenthal serum is purchased from the Zhejiang day limited public affairs of Hangzhoupro biotechnology share Department, China；Hoechst 33342 is purchased from Invitrogen company, the U.S.；Disposable syringe (1mL, 2mL and 5mL) is purchased from Becton Dickinson (BD) company, the U.S.；DiR fluorescent dye is purchased from Sigma company, the U.S.；anti-nestin Antibody is purchased from AbCam company, Britain；Alexa488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit Antibody, Triton X-100 are purchased from biotech company, Beijing Zhong Shan Golden Bridge (ZSGB-BIO), China；4% paraformaldehyde Purchased from morning advanced in years scientific and technological (Beijing) Co., Ltd, China；Phosphate buffer (PBS) is purchased from the limited public affairs of Beijing ancient cooking vessel state biotechnology Department；Disposable cell culture experiments articles (including tissue culture plate, culture bottle, sterile centrifugation tube, etc.) purchased from healthy and free from worry (Corning) company, the U.S..

Ten a ten thousandth gram precision electronic balance of BT-25S, Sartorius company, Germany；Cell incubator, Thermo are public Department, the U.S.；AirTECH cell super-clean bench, the safe and sound company of Su Jing, China；TDZ4-WS low speed desk centrifuge, Hunan instrument centrifuge Instrument Ltd., China；Inverted microscope, Chongqing optics electro-kinetic instrument company, China；The copolymerization of LEICA TCS-SP8 laser Focusing microscope (Confocal laser scanning fluorescent microscope), LEICA company, Germany；Brain is vertical Body position indicator, Shenzhen Rui Wode Life Science Co., Ltd, China；Caikon XDS-300C system, Shanghai Cai Kang optical instrument Co., Ltd, China；IVIS Spectrum living imaging system, Perkin Elmer company, the U.S..

All data are indicated with Mean ± SD.Using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), then pass through the school Bonferroni It tests, P < 0.05 thinks there is significant difference.Survival rate data are shown with kaplan-Meier survival curve, and are examined with log-rank It tests and does statistical procedures, P < 0.05 thinks there is significant difference.

The building and characterization of embodiment 1, functionalization vinblastine liposome

One, the building of functionalization vinblastine liposome

1、TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀The synthesis of-DSPE

TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀Under the conditions of-DSPE is existing for the catalyst, by TfR-T₁₂Polypeptide and NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE carries out acylation reaction and obtains；Wherein TfR-T₁₂Polypeptide and NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀The molar ratio of-DSPE is 1:1.

Specific synthetic method is as follows:

8 μm of ol TfR-T are added into reaction flask₁₂Polypeptide (THRPPMWSPVWP) and 8 μm of ol NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE, It is dissolved with 2mL DMF, and 200 μ L catalyst ns-methyl morpholine is added.It is transferred in bag filter after being stirred to react 48h under room temperature (molecular cut off 3000Da) is placed in deionized water and dialyses 24 hours, removes solvent and unreacting material.It is later that sample is cold It is lyophilized dry, is placed in -20 DEG C of preservations.

Product is verified using MALDI TOFMS (MALDI-TOF-MS), uses 2,5- bis- Hydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) is as detection matrix.

As a result as shown in Fig. 2, the MALDI-TOF-MS map of product, show that the average molecular mass of product is in figure 4441.77Da with reactant PEG₂₀₀₀Difference between-DSPE molecular weight (3000.00Da) is 1441.77Da, this and TfR- T₁₂Molecular weight (1490.80Da) coincide, illustrate target product TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE is synthesized successfully.

2, the preparation of functionalization vinblastine liposome

1) common vinblastine liposome

60:30:3 precision weighs lecithin (EPC), cholesterol (CHOL), PEG in molar ratio₂₀₀₀- DSPE is in eggplant-shape bottle In, methylene chloride and methanol is added in 3:1 by volume, has been removed under reduced pressure under 40 DEG C of water-baths, 90rpm revolving speed with Rotary Evaporators Solvent obtains one layer of uniform film and is affixed on eggplant-shape bottle bottom.50mL ammonium sulfate (250mM) aqueous solution is added and carries out aquation: first Water bath sonicator 5min, until film is completely fallen off, and system is in the thick liposome of uniform milky；Thick liposome is shifted later Into EP pipe, with ultrasound 10min further in JY92-IID type ultrasonic cell disruptor (the setting ultrasound works time be 1s, Intermittent time is 1s, and protection temperature is 30 DEG C, power 200W).After ultrasound, obtain with the translucent of faint blue-opalescent The liquid is squeezed and passes through the poly- carbon ester film that aperture is 200nm by liquid, and obtained liquid is transferred in bag filter (retention point Son amount 8000-14000Da), it dialyses in HBS buffer solution (151mM NaCl, 25.2mM Hepes, pH 7.4) for 24 hours, every 6h It changes the liquid once.After dialysis, blank liposomes liquid solution is obtained.

It is added in 25mL eggplant-shape bottle by medicine rouge mass ratio 1:20 (w/w) precision weighing vinblastine, methanol dissolution is added, uses Methanol is removed under reduced pressure under 40 DEG C of water-baths, 90rpm revolving speed in Rotary Evaporators, obtains evenly dispersed vinblastine.Utilize sulfuric acid Ammonium gradient carries medicine method, and the blank liposomes liquid solution of above-mentioned acquisition is added in the eggplant-shape bottle, shakes 20min in 60 DEG C of water-baths, Obtain common vinblastine liposome.

2)TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification

It is identical as common vinblastine method for preparing lipidosome, but by PEG in film forming procedure₂₀₀₀- DSPE replaces with above-mentioned 1) TfR-T prepared₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE obtains TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification.

3)Stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification

It is identical as common vinblastine method for preparing lipidosome, but 60:30:3:5 precision claims in molar ratio in film forming procedure Take lecithin (EPC), cholesterol (CHOL), PEG₂₀₀₀-DSPE、stearyl-R₈In eggplant-shape bottle, Stearyl-R is obtained₈Modification Vinblastine liposome.

4) functionalization vinblastine liposome

It is identical as common vinblastine method for preparing lipidosome, but 60:30:3:5 precision claims in molar ratio in film forming procedure Take lecithin (EPC), cholesterol (CHOL), TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀-DSPE、stearyl-R₈In eggplant-shape bottle, functionalization is obtained Vinblastine liposome.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of functionalization vinblastine liposome, and lecithin constitutes the bilayer of liposome, has stream Dynamic property, while being inserted into the rigidity that cholesterol increases liposome.Functionalization material TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE and stearyl-R₈ Modification actively enters the inner aqueous phase of liposome in surface of liposome, water-soluble vinblastine under ammonium sulphate gradient effect.

Two, it characterizes

1, vinblastine content assaying method

1) chromatographic condition

Chromatographic column: Luna C18 column (Phenomenex, C18column, 5 μm, 250x4.6mm)；Mobile phase: methanol- 0.02M sodium dihydrogen phosphate (70:30, v/v)；Detection wavelength: 267nm；Flow velocity: 1.0mL/min；Sample volume: 20 μ L, measurement Temperature: 25 DEG C.

2) standard curve

Precision weighing vinblastine, be added proper amount of methanol dissolve and be diluted to concentration be respectively 0.78,1.56,3.12, 6.25, the standard solution of 12.50,25.00,50.00,100.00 μ g/mL.According to the chromatography of above-mentioned chromatographic condition measurement each sample Peak area A value.Using vinblastine concentration C as independent variable, linear regression is carried out to its corresponding chromatographic peak area A value, acquires length The standard curve (Fig. 4) of spring flower alkali.Standard curve is y=19476x+1348.2, R²=1.

Vinblastine such as Fig. 5 of the chromatogram under this liquid-phase condition, for retention time in 7min or so, peak shape is good.3) It returns

Yield

Appropriate blank liposome is taken, the methanol that nonuploid product is added is destroyed.Then accurately weighed catharanthus roseus is added Alkali reference substance is appropriate, adds flowing phased soln, is successively formulated as the solution of 12.50,25.00, the 50.00 μ g/mL containing vinblastine, mistake Filter measures peak area with above-mentioned chromatographic condition respectively, calculates the rate of recovery.

The results are shown in Table 1, and display, the rate of recovery is within the scope of 96.49%-98.56%.

Table 1 is the rate of recovery in HPLC-UV measurement liposome to vinblastine

Notes:Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD, n=5)

4) precision

Suitable blank liposome is taken, the methanol that nonuploid product is added destroys.Then accurately weighed vinblastine pair is added It is appropriate according to product, add flowing phased soln, the solution of 12.50,25.00, the 50.00 μ g/mL containing vinblastine is successively formulated as, on 5th Peak area inside is measured with above-mentioned chromatographic condition respectively, calculates in a few days and in the daytime relative standard deviation.

As a result as shown in Table 2, the method measures in a few days and in the daytime relative deviation RSD < 2% of vinblastine, the measurement side Method precision is good.

Table 2 is the measurement of HPLC-UV method precision

Notes:Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD, n=5)

5) detection limit

It is appropriate that precision weighs vinblastine reference substance, adds methanol to dissolve and dilute, it is molten that standard is successively prepared by doubling dilution Liquid, according to the chromatographic peak area of above-mentioned chromatographic condition measurement sample.Detectable concentration when signal-to-noise ratio is about 3:1 is this method Minimum detection limit.

As a result such as Fig. 6 is shown, the detection of this method measurement vinblastine is limited to 0.024 μ g/mL.

2, the measurement of encapsulation rate

Take 500 μ L of functionalization blank liposome by Sephadex G-50 sephadex column, with HBS buffer solution (25mM HEPES, 150mM NaCl, pH 7.4) is mobile phase presaturation sephadex column.Take drug-loaded liposome (general later Logical vinblastine liposome, TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of modification₈Vinblastine liposome, the function of modification Vinblastine liposome can be changed) 500 μ L are by Sephadex G-50 sephadex column, using HBS buffer solution as mobile phase point Free vinblastine from non-packet Entering fat plastid, collect separation after liposome, be added nonuploid product methanol destroy, and with flow After phase dilution, it is measured with above-mentioned high performance liquid chromatography.The liposome stoste for not crossing gel column is taken, nonuploid product first is added Alcohol destroys, and with after the identical multiple of flowing phase dilution, is measured with above-mentioned high performance liquid chromatography.

The encapsulation rate of vinblastine in each liposome is calculated using following formula:

Encapsulation rate %=crosses amount × 100% of the amount of gel column liposome drug containing/do not cross gel column liposome drug containing.

Drug concentration Standard reference (comparing one point method) calculate to get.

Encapsulation rate of the vinblastine in each group liposome is all larger than 97.0%, is shown in Table 3.

Table 3 is the physicochemical characterization of liposome

Notes:Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD, n=3)

3, the measurement of partial size and Zeta potential

1) measurement of partial size

Common vinblastine liposome, TfR-T are taken respectively₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of modification₈Modification Vinblastine liposome, functionalization vinblastine liposome are diluted 20 times with PBS, take 1mL that sample cell is added, dissipated using laser Radion diameter analyzer measures the partial size (angle of wavelength 633nm, incident light and scattered beam is 90 °) of liposome, each sample Equilibration time is 120s, measures 20 circulation times, and measuring temperature is set as 25 DEG C.The last measurement result of each sample is 20 The average value of secondary measurement result.Polydispersity indicates that the uniformity coefficient of particle size, the smaller then particle of polydispersity are more uniform.

The results are shown in Table 3, the average grain diameter of each liposome within the scope of 90-120nm, polydispersity coefficient (PDI, Polydisperisty indexes) between 0.176-0.253.

2) measurement of Zeta potential

After having measured partial size, by common vinblastine liposome, TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl- of modification R₈Vinblastine liposome, the functionalization vinblastine liposome of modification are transferred in current potential cup that (solution will flood conductive copper Piece), setting Zeta potential determination condition is equilibration time 120s, and at least 20 circulation times of measurement, measuring temperature are set every time It is 25 DEG C.The last measurement result of each sample is the average value of 20 measurement results.

The results are shown in Table 3, stearyl-R₈The liposome Zeta potential of modification is positive, and other groups of liposomes show slightly negative Electricity.

4, morphological observation

1) atomic force microscope (AFM) is observed

Use deionized water as decentralized medium, by unmodified common vinblastine liposome and functionalization catharanthus roseus Alkali liposome is diluted to 100 μ g/mL (rouge material concentration) and with 0.2 μm of filtering with microporous membrane.10 μ L dilutions are taken to be applied to silicon wafer table Face after being stored at room temperature drying, is detected and is recorded with atomic force microscope tapping-mode.

As a result as shown in fig. 7, A1 is common vinblastine liposome, A2 is functionalization vinblastine liposome, atomic force Under microscope, two kinds of liposomes are rendered as surface rounding, smooth form, particle diameter 100nm or so, with particle size results phase Symbol.

2) transmission electron microscope (TEM) is observed

Use deionized water as decentralized medium, by unmodified common vinblastine liposome and functionalization catharanthus roseus Alkali liposome is diluted to 1 μ g/mL (rouge material concentration) and with 0.2 μm of filtering with microporous membrane.Then, the copper mesh for being covered with carbon film is placed on It on liposome solutions, is taken out after 1min, after being blotted with filter paper, it is double that the copper mesh drift that capture has liposome particles is placed on 1% acetic acid On oxygen uranium aqueous solution, takes out after 1min and blotted with filter paper.After left at room temperature over night dries, using transmission electron microscope instrument in 120kV Under be observed and record.

As a result such as Fig. 8 is shown, A1 is common vinblastine liposome, and A2 is functionalization vinblastine liposome, transmission electricity Under mirror, two kinds of liposomes are rendered as the spherical shape of the smooth of the edge rounding, particle diameter 100nm or so, are consistent with particle size results.

5, drug release rate

Extracorporeal releasing experiment carries out in the dissolution medium (PBS buffer solution containing 10% fetal calf serum) containing haemocyanin. The common vinblastine liposome of 1mL, TfR-T are taken respectively₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of modification₈The catharanthus roseus of modification Alkali liposome, functionalization vinblastine liposome are added in bag filter (8000-14000Da), and 1mL dissolution medium are added, and use Suture, which tightens, to be placed in the cillin bottle equipped with 20mL dissolution medium, and shaking table is put into, and starts to shake under the conditions of 37 DEG C, 100rpm It swings.Respectively at 1,2,4,8,12, take out 0.2mL dissolution medium for 24 hours, and the new release of equal volume is filled into after every sub-sampling immediately Medium.

Each part sample taken out carries out destruction dilution with methanol (sample: methanol=2:8, v/v), and albumen is precipitated, high speed Centrifugation, then film is crossed with filter membrane, high molecular weight protein is removed, is measured the corresponding peak area of vinblastine in each sample with HPLC, Calculate concentration using resulting equation of linear regression, to calculate each sample in the burst size of different moments, obtain its The cumulative release amount at a certain moment.

In vitro release rate is calculated with formula below:

In vitro release rate %=(the amount of drug in the i-th time point release liquid/dialysis proliposome identical with dialysis volume The amount of drug in solution) × 100%.

Each group liposome such as Fig. 9 of the releasing result in dissolution medium, the results show that each group liposome is in length interior for 24 hours Spring flower alkali release rate is below 12%.

The above results show that functionalization vinblastine liposome is by functionalization material TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE and stearyl-R₈It modifies on liposome and to be packed in liposome using ammonium sulphate gradient by vinblastine obtained.

Embodiment 2, functionalization vinblastine liposome train glioma and its stem cell target lethal effect cell It supports

One, cell culture

Brain glioblastoma cell U87-MG cell is cultivated in the MEM culture medium containing 10%FBS and 1% nonessential amino acid, Condition of culture is 37 DEG C, contains 5%CO₂。

The induction of human brain glioma stem cells (glioma stem cells, GSCs) and culture (Yu SC；Ping YF；Yi L；Zhou ZH；Chen JH；Yao XH；Gao L；Wang JM；Bian XW.Isolation and characterization of cancer stem cells from a human glioblastoma cell line U87[J].Cancer Letters, 2008,265 (1): 124-34): with every mL 2 × 10⁴The concentration of a U87-MG cell is containing 2%Serum-free Replenishers, 10ng/mL LIF, 20ng/mL EGF, 20ng/mL bFGF, 181.6ng/mL insulin DMEM-F12 culture medium Middle suspension culture, condition of culture are 37 DEG C, contain 5%CO₂.It is identified after culture four weeks.

Mouse brain capillary endothelial cell BMVECs containing 20%FBS, 100U/mL penicillin, 100 μ g/mL streptomysins, 40U/mL heparin, 100ug/mL ECGF DMEM culture medium in cultivate, condition of culture be 37 DEG C, contain 5%CO₂.Culture bottle shifts to an earlier date 30min is handled with 2% gelatin solution.The preparation method of 2% gelatin solution: weighing 2g gelatin, with 100ml Hank ' s solution (80 DEG C) dispersion, swelling, filtration sterilization, 4 DEG C of preservations.

Two, glioma and its stem cell TfR label

BSA buffer: 500mg BSA and 74.45mg EDTA are added in every 100mL PBS buffer solution.

Respectively collect GSCs (B), U87-MG cell (A), be added BSA buffer cell is resuspended, by cell dispense to In 1.5mL EP pipe, 1 × 10 is added in every pipe⁷A cell.5 μ L Anti- are added into the experimental group of GSCs and U87-MG Human Transferrin Receptor (CD71) antibody-FITC, while 5 μ L Isotype controls are added into control group and resist Body is incubated at room temperature 20min.Cell is washed twice with PBS later, is resuspended with 300 μ L PBS and is crossed 400 meshes into streaming pipe, on Ice bath preservation is protected from light before machine.

It is measured using flow cytometer FACScan flow cytometer, is come using forward angle light scatter and side scatter Exclude double cell masses.The excitation wavelength for detecting FITC is 488nm, launch wavelength 530nm.

As a result such as Figure 10 is shown, expression feelings of the TfR in brain glioblastoma cell (A) and its stem cell (B) Condition shows that TfR has expression on two kinds of cells, wherein the expression quantity in U87-MG is 94.65% (A).

Three, the identification of human brain glioma stem cells

Human brain glioma stem cells GSCs is induced and is identified after cultivating four weeks characteristic indication object, including nestin (nestin),ABCG2,CXCR4.Equivalent U87-MG cell is taken to be compareed simultaneously.

It is single cell suspension with the digestion of 0.05% pancreatin, packing to 1.5mL EP is managed by the cell ball centrifugation for the culture that suspends It is interior, 1 × 10 is added in every pipe⁷A cell.

For the label of nestin: with the paraformaldehyde of 4% ice in 4 DEG C of fixed 10min, then with 0.2%Triton X- 100 solution are incubated for 10min to Cell-transmission model at room temperature, and 10 μ L Anti- are added into the experimental group of GSCs and U87-MG cell Human Nestin antibody-FITC, while 10 μ L isotype control Abs being added into control group, sufficiently piping and druming mixes, room It is protected from light under temperature and is incubated for 30min.Cell is washed twice with PBS later, is resuspended with 300 μ L PBS and is crossed 400 meshes into streaming pipe, on Ice bath preservation is protected from light before machine.

For the label of ABCG2: with the paraformaldehyde of 4% ice in 4 DEG C of fixed 10min, to GSCs and U87-MG cell Experimental group in 5 μ L Anti-Human ABCG2 (CD338) antibody-FITC are added, while 5 μ L being added into control group Isotype control Ab, sufficiently piping and druming mix, and are protected from light are incubated for 30min at room temperature.Cell is washed twice with PBS later, with 300 μ L PBS It is resuspended and crosses 400 meshes into streaming pipe, ice bath preservation is protected from light before upper machine.

For the label of CXCR4: using Anti-Human CXCR4 antibody-PE and corresponding Isotype antibody, step Same ABCG2.

It is measured using flow cytometer FACScan flow cytometer, is come using forward angle light scatter and side scatter Exclude double cell masses.The excitation wavelength for detecting FITC is 488nm, launch wavelength 530nm；Detection FITC excitation wavelength be 488nm, launch wavelength 564nm.

As a result as shown in figure 11, ABCG2 is in brain glioblastoma cell (A₁) and its stem cell (A₂) in expression；CXCR4 is in brain Glioma cell (B₁) and its stem cell (B₂) in expression；Nestin is in brain glioblastoma cell (C₁) and its stem cell (C₂) in Expression；Figure 11 B₁With Figure 11 B₂It has been shown that, expression quantity of the ABCG2 in U87-MG and GSCs is respectively 5.76% and 23.93%； Figure 11 B₁With Figure 11 B₂It has been shown that, expression quantity of the CXCR4 in U87-MG and GSCs is respectively 22.80% and 98.60%；Figure 11 C₁ With Figure 11 C₂It has been shown that, expression quantity of the nestin in U87-MG and GSCs is respectively 39.36% and 97.77%.The results show that three Expression of the kind characteristic indication object in GSCs increases than U87-MG, shows to induce stem cell success.

Four, to the lethal effect of brain glioblastoma cell and its stem cell

1. cell inoculation

U87-MG the and GSCs cell for collecting digestion logarithmic growth phase, respectively with each hole 4 × 10³A cell (180 μ L training Support base) it is inoculated on 96 orifice plates, if six multiple holes, at 37 DEG C, containing 5%CO₂Incubator in be incubated for for 24 hours.

2. dosage regimen

Free vinblastine, the common vinblastine liposome, TfR-T of series of concentrations are prepared with serum free medium₁₂It repairs Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of decorations₈Vinblastine liposome, the functionalization vinblastine liposome of modification.Every hole adds Enter 20 μ L, makes final concentration of 0-50 μM of vinblastine.96 well culture plates after dosing are placed in 37 DEG C, containing 5%CO₂Culture It is incubated in case, continues to be incubated for 48h.

3. measurement and calculating

After incubation, 96 well culture plates are taken out, discard culture medium, the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 200 of 10% ice is added in every hole μ L is placed under the conditions of 4 DEG C more than the fixed cell of 1h.Then 5 times culture plates are washed with distilled water, to remove trichloroacetic acid.? After being dried overnight in air, to the SRB (with the preparation of 1% glacial acetic acid) of every 100 μ L 0.4% of Kong Zhongjia, 15min is placed at room temperature After discard liquid, washed 5 times with 1% acetic acid, to remove unbonded dyestuff, 200 μ L are added in every hole after air drying 10mmol/L Tris base (pH 10.5) dissolution, vibrates 30min on oscillator plate (decolorization swinging table), until dyestuff is whole Dissolution.It sets and measures every hole OD value (OD) in microplate reader under 540nm wavelength.Using after the dosing culture cell deposit Percentage (Cell survival rate, %) is lived to evaluate the toxic effect of each preparation on cells.Cell survival percentage is pressed It is calculated according to following formula:

As a result as shown in figure 12, one group of histogram under each concentration is successively are as follows: free vinblastine, vinblastine lipid Body, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification, functionalization vinblastine rouge Plastid, functionalization blank liposome；Figure 12 A1 and Figure 12 A₂Each preparation group is respectively indicated to external U87-MG and GSCs cell Depression effect.The results show that functionalization vinblastine liposome has strongest Proliferation Ability to make U87-MG and GSCs With.Proliferation Ability ability sequence consensus of each preparation group to U87-MG and GSCs: functionalization vinblastine liposome > stearyl- R₈Vinblastine liposome > TfR-T of modification₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification > common vinblastine liposome > free Changchun Flower alkali > functionalization blank liposome.Functionalization vinblastine liposome inhibits U87-MG and GSCs cell proliferation.

Embodiment 3, functionalization vinblastine liposome are in the effect across blood-brain barrier

One, cell culture

Two, the surface BMVECs TfR marks

BMVECs cell is collected, BSA buffer, which is added, is resuspended cell, cell is dispensed into 1.5mL EP pipe, every pipe It is middle to be added 1 × 10⁷A cell.5 μ L Anti-Mouse Transferrin Receptor are added into the experimental group of BMVECs (CD71) antibody-FITC, while 5 μ L isotype control Abs being added into control group, it is incubated at room temperature 20min.Cell later It is washed twice with PBS, be resuspended with 300 μ L PBS and cross 400 meshes into streaming pipe, ice bath preservation is protected from light before upper machine.

As a result such as Figure 13, expression quantity of the TfR in BMVECs is 17.68%.

Two, the foundation and evaluation of blood-brain barrier model

With the preparatory coated cell inserter 30min of 2% gelatin, by BMVECs with every hole 1 × 10⁴The density of a cell is added Into the cell inserter being coated with (every hole 1mL culture medium), and in lower room be added 1mL U87-MG cell culture medium.Often Two days one subcultures of replacement co-culture 6 days.

The close connection that observation BMVECs is formed under the microscope, carries out preliminary assessment；It is detected using cell resistance instrument thin Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in born of the same parents' inserter and lower room.It was found that the blood-brain barrier model TEER value established is all larger than 300 Ω·cm².Therefore, in vitro blood-brain barrier model foundation success.

Three, the foundation of BMVECs/U87-MG co-culture model

With every hole 2 × 10³Density be added in 12 orifice plates U87-MG cell (1mL culture medium), and will before be covered with The cell inserter of BMVECs is transferred to above 12 orifice plates, at 37 DEG C, containing 5%CO₂Incubator in co-incubation for 24 hours to get To BMVECs/U87-MG co-culture model.

Four, across killing glioma effect after blood-brain barrier

It is separately added into each group preparation in the cell inserter of the BMVECs/U87-MG co-culture model of foundation, gives prescription Case is as follows: free vinblastine, common vinblastine liposome, TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of modification₈ Vinblastine liposome, the functionalization vinblastine liposome of modification, the holes of blank cultures is added as blank control group, Not to be covered with the hole of BMVECs as positive controls, the final concentration of 50nM of vinblastine.At 37 DEG C, containing 5%CO₂Culture After being incubated for 48h in case, liquid is discarded, 10% trichloroacetic acid of 2mL is added in every hole, and the fixed cell of 1h is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators.Training It supports each hole of plate to be washed with deionized 5 times, to remove TCA.After drying in air, every hole adds 1mL 0.4%SRB, at room temperature 15min is placed, discards in each hole and is washed 5 times after liquid with 1% glacial acetic acid-aqueous solution, unbonded dyestuff is removed, is done in air It is dry after with pH 10.5,10mmol/L Tris alkali 2mL dissolution, 30min is vibrated on oscillator plate, set in microplate reader in Every hole trap OD value is measured under 540nm wavelength, calculates survival rate.Survival rate=(A_540nmPreparation group/A_540nmControl group) x 100%, A_540nmIt is the absorbance value under 540nm.

As a result as shown in figure 14,1, dissociate vinblastine；2, vinblastine liposome；3, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine of modification Liposome；4, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification；5, functionalization vinblastine liposome；Indicate each preparation group across More depression effect of the in vitro blood-brain barrier to external U87-MG cell.The results show that functionalization vinblastine liposome has most Strong crosses in vitro blood-brain barrier ability and has strongest inhibited proliferation for U87-MG.Each group survival rate sequence are as follows: Blank control group > free vinblastine > common vinblastine liposome > stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification > TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification > functionalization vinblastine liposome > positive controls.Wherein, in positive controls, It is not laid with BMVECs in cell inserter, the false positive results being likely to occur in experimentation are excluded with this.

The liposome-induced glioma apoptosis effect of embodiment 4, functionalization vinblastine

One, the liposome-induced glioma apoptosis effect of functionalization vinblastine

1. cell inoculation

By brain glioblastoma cell U87-MG and human brain glioma stem cells GSCs with every hole 5 × 10⁵The density of a cell is distinguished It is inoculated in 6 orifice plates, and 2mL culture medium is added, at 37 DEG C, containing 5%CO₂Incubator in be incubated for for 24 hours.

2. dosage regimen

Culture medium is discarded, free vinblastine, common vinblastine rouge that 2mL is prepared with serum free medium are separately added into Plastid, TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of modification₈Vinblastine liposome, the functionalization vinblastine of modification Liposome solutions make vinblastine concentration 30nM；Serum free medium is added in blank group, is placed in 37 DEG C, containing 5%CO₂Training It supports and is incubated in case.It after being incubated for 12h, is cleaned cell 2 times with PBS, cell dissociation is got off and is centrifuged using the pancreatin without EDTA Cell is collected, is scattered in 300 μ l Binding buffer and (is provided in kit), 400 meshes is crossed into streaming pipe, is added 10 μ L Annexin V-KeyFluor 647, room temperature, which is protected from light, is incubated for 15min, and 10 μ L7-AAD are added in 5min before upper machine.Use 2mM Dioxygen water process cell 2h is individually marked as positive control, and with Annexin V-kFluor647 and 7-AAD.

3. measurement and calculating

It is measured using flow cytometer FACScan flow cytometer, is come using forward angle light scatter and side scatter Exclude double cell masses.The excitation wavelength for detecting KeyFluor 647 is 651nm, launch wavelength 667nm；Detect 7-AAD's Excitation wavelength is 546nm, launch wavelength 647nm.Reasonable cross door is being set using single standard specimen notebook data, and is carrying out data Processing.

Apoptosis rate=experimental group apoptosis rate-blank group apoptosis rate

Apoptosis induction effect such as Figure 15 (a, blank control of the preparation to brain glioblastoma cell and its stem cell；B, length of dissociating Spring flower alkali；C, vinblastine liposome；D, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；E, stearyl-R₈The catharanthus roseus of modification Alkali liposome；F, functionalization vinblastine liposome) and Figure 16 (a, blank control；B, dissociate vinblastine；C, vinblastine rouge Plastid；D, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；E, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification；F, functionalization are long Spring flower alkali liposome) shown in.Cross door determines that each result has been divided into four parts by it according to feminine gender group and two single sun groups, Lower-left (Lower Left, LL) represents normal cell, and bottom right (Lower Right, LR) represents apoptosis early stage cell, upper right (Upper Right, UR) represents apoptosis late cell or non-viable non-apoptotic cell.

The results show that functionalization vinblastine liposome all has strongest apoptosis to brain glioblastoma cell and its stem cell Inductive effect, and it is mainly reflected in apoptosis early stage (being early apoptosis in cross door lower right area), and apoptosis advanced stage is without obvious Variation.

For brain glioblastoma cell, the sequence of each preparation induction early apoptosis are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (40.98%) > stearyl-R₈Vinblastine liposome (28.90%) > TfR-T of modification₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification (24.01%) > dissociate vinblastine (23.79%) > vinblastine liposome (17.82%).

For human brain glioma stem cells, the sequence of each preparation induction early apoptosis are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (15.36%) > stearyl-R₈Vinblastine liposome (10.90%) > TfR-T of modification₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification (9.70%) > dissociate vinblastine (7.23%) > vinblastine liposome (7.29%).

Two, to the damage effect of brain glioblastoma cell core and mitochondria

By brain glioblastoma cell U87-MG with every hole 5 × 10³It is thin that the density of a cell (180uL culture medium) is inoculated in 96 holes In born of the same parents' culture plate, at 37 DEG C, containing 5%CO₂Incubator in be incubated for for 24 hours.Free vinblastine, common is added into each group respectively Vinblastine liposome, TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of modification₈The vinblastine liposome of modification, function Change vinblastine liposome solutions, makes vinblastine concentration 30nM；Serum free medium is added in blank group.Every group of preparation setting 6 multiple holes, in 37 DEG C, 5%CO₂It is incubated in incubator.After 12h, culture medium is discarded, PBS is washed 2 times, and it is red that mitochondria is added Fluorescence probe (Mitotracker Deep Red FM, 200nM) and Hoechst 33342 (5 μ g/mL) are incubated at 37 DEG C 30min, then cleaned twice with PBS, 200 μ L serum free mediums are added.

Picture is acquired to every hole under 10 times of eyepieces using Operetta High content screening system and measures fluorescence intensity.

Picture is acquired to each group using Operetta high intension, is analyzed acquired picture with Columbus system The degree of variation of middle nucleus, and quantified.Cell nuclear damage ratio=experimental group nucleus Variation factor/blank group Nucleus Variation factor.

As a result as Figure 17 (1, blank control；2, dissociate vinblastine；3, vinblastine liposome；4, TfR-T₁₂Modification Vinblastine liposome；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification；6, functionalization vinblastine liposome.) shown in, Cell nuclear damage ratio sequence are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (1.64 ± 0.12) > stearyl-R₈The catharanthus roseus of modification Alkali liposome (1.43 ± 0.08) > TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome (1.44 ± 0.08) > vinblastine liposome of modification (1.21 ± 0.09) > free vinblastine (1.15 ± 0.05).

Picture is acquired to each group using Operetta high intension, is analyzed acquired picture with Columbus system The degree of variation of middle nucleus, and quantified.Injury of mitochondria ratio=experimental group mitochondria Variation factor/blank group Mitochondria Variation factor.As a result as Figure 18 (1, blank control；2, dissociate vinblastine；3, vinblastine liposome；4, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification；6, functionalization vinblastine Liposome) shown in, injury of mitochondria ratio sequence are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (1.281 ± 0.013) > stearyl- R₈Vinblastine liposome (1.226 ± 0.022) > TfR-T of modification₁₂The vinblastine liposome (1.215 ± 0.023) of modification > dissociate vinblastine (1.141 ± 0.027) > vinblastine liposome (1.137 ± 0.035).

Three, to the regulation of brain glioblastoma cell reactive oxygen species

By brain glioblastoma cell U87-MG with every hole 5 × 10⁵The density of a cell is inoculated in 6 orifice plates, 37 DEG C, contain 5%CO₂Incubator in be incubated for for 24 hours.

Culture medium is discarded, free vinblastine, common vinblastine rouge that 2mL is prepared with serum free medium are separately added into Plastid, TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of modification₈Vinblastine liposome, the functionalization vinblastine of modification Liposome solutions make vinblastine concentration 30nM；Serum free medium is added in blank group, is placed in 37 DEG C, containing 5%CO₂Training It supports and is incubated in case.After being incubated for 12h, cell is cleaned twice with PBS, 500 μ L DCFH-DA (1 μM) are added into each hole, at 37 DEG C After lower incubation 0.5h, cell is collected by centrifugation, cell is resuspended with 300 μ L PBS and crosses 400 meshes into streaming pipe.

It is measured using flow cytometer FACScan flow cytometer, is come using forward angle light scatter and side scatter Exclude double cell masses.The excitation wavelength of detection is 485nm, launch wavelength 525nm.

Group of cells be induced generate active oxygen horizontal result such as Figure 19 (1, blank control；2, dissociate vinblastine；3, Vinblastine liposome；4, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification； 6, functionalization vinblastine liposome) shown in, each group reactive oxygen species sequence are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome > stearyl-R₈Vinblastine liposome > TfR-T of modification₁₂Vinblastine liposome > vinblastine liposome of modification > free Vinblastine.

Four, to the damage effect for destroying brain glioblastoma cell micro-pipe

By brain glioblastoma cell U87-MG with every hole 2 × 10⁵The density of a cell is inoculated in Glass bottom culture dish, 37 DEG C, contain 5%CO₂Incubator in be incubated for for 24 hours.

After for 24 hours, culture medium is discarded, is separately added into free vinblastine, common Changchun that 1mL is prepared with serum free medium Flower alkali liposome, TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of modification₈The vinblastine liposome of modification, functionalization are long Spring flower alkali liposome solutions make vinblastine concentration 30nM；Serum free medium is added in blank group.It is placed in 37 DEG C, containing 5% CO₂Incubator in be incubated for.After being incubated for 3h, cell is cleaned twice with PBS, and micro-pipe red fluorescence probe (Tubulin- is added Tracker Red) it is incubated for 0.5h, it adds Hoechst 33342 (5 μ g/mL) and is incubated for 10min, then cleaned twice with PBS, added Enter 1mL serum free medium, carries out Image Acquisition using laser confocal microscope.

Each preparation is as shown in figure 20 to the destruction result of micro-pipe in brain glioblastoma cell, a, blank control；B, Changchun of dissociating Flower alkali；C, vinblastine liposome；D, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；E, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine of modification Liposome；F, functionalization vinblastine liposome；In blank group (Figure 20 a), it may be observed that clearly Filamentous tubulin, micro-pipe It props up entire cell and is in strip fusiform, be the representative configuration of glioma.And in functionalization vinblastine liposome group (figure In 20f), not it is observed that Filamentous tubulin, entire cell also lose original shape and be rounded.Each preparation group is to brain glue Microtubule disruption ability sequence in matter oncocyte are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome > stearyl-R₈The vinblastine rouge of modification Plastid (Figure 20 e) > TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome (Figure 20 d) of modification > vinblastine liposome (Figure 20 c) > free Changchun Flower alkali (Figure 20 b).

Five, the mechanism of brain glioblastoma cell apoptosis is induced

By brain glioblastoma cell U87-MG with every hole 5 × 10³It is thin that the density of a cell (180uL culture medium) is inoculated in 96 holes In born of the same parents' culture plate, at 37 DEG C, containing 5%CO₂Incubator in be incubated for for 24 hours.Free vinblastine, common is added into each group respectively Vinblastine liposome, TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome, the stearyl-R of modification₈The vinblastine liposome of modification, function Change vinblastine liposome solutions, makes vinblastine concentration 30nM；Serum free medium is added in blank group.Every group of preparation setting 6 multiple holes, in 37 DEG C, 5%CO₂It is incubated in incubator.After 6h, culture medium is discarded, PBS is washed 2 times, and 4% paraformaldehyde is added Fixed 15min, cold PBS are washed 2 times；The PBS containing 0.5%Triton X-100 and 0.3M glycine is added and punches 15min Later, 2h is closed using the PBS room temperature containing 5% sheep blood serum.It is separately added into antibody diluent according to corresponding times of specification dilution Several anti-caspase 3/7antibody, anti-caspase 8antibody, anti-caspase 9antibody, anti-Bax antibody、anti-cytochrome c antibody、anti-MCL-1antibody、anti-Forkhead Then box protein O1 (FoxO1) antibody and anti-LC3B antibody, 4 DEG C of overnight incubations (are contained with PBST The PBS solution of 0.05%Tween20) it embathes 3 times, each 2min.It is added later corresponding488 secondary antibodies (1: 500 dilution) room temperature be protected from light be incubated for 2h, embathed 3 times with PBS, each 2min.Add (the 5 μ g/ of core dyestuff Hoechst 33342 Ml it) is incubated for 10min, is embathed 3 times with PBS, each 2min.Finally, mounting liquid (PBS containing 90% glycerol) is added, 4 DEG C are protected from light guarantor It deposits.

The fluorescence intensity in each hole is measured under 20 times of eyepieces using Operetta High content screening system, is used in combination Columbus system carries out data processing.

1. pro apoptotic protein caspase-3/7

Utilize pro apoptotic protein Caspase in Operetta high intension measurement group of cells (caspase-3/7) expression calculate fluorescence intensity in each group with Columbus system. Caspase-3/7 expresses multiple=experimental group fluorescence intensity/blank group fluorescence intensity.As the result is shown (Figure 21,1, blank control； 2, dissociate vinblastine；3, vinblastine liposome；4, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；5, stearyl-R₈Modification Vinblastine liposome；6, functionalization vinblastine liposome), caspase-3/7 order of representation are as follows: functionalization vinblastine Liposome (1.24 ± 0.05) > TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome (1.15 ± 0.02) > stearyl-R of modification₈The length of modification Spring flower alkali liposome (1.13 ± 0.03) > free vinblastine (1.11 ± 0.01) > vinblastine liposome (1.03 ± 0.02).

2. pro apoptotic protein caspase-8

Utilize pro apoptotic protein Caspase in Operetta high intension measurement group of cells (caspase-8) expression calculate fluorescence intensity in each group with Columbus system.caspase-8 Express multiple=experimental group fluorescence intensity/blank group fluorescence intensity.As the result is shown (Figure 22,1, blank control；2, dissociate catharanthus roseus Alkali；3, vinblastine liposome；4, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine rouge of modification Plastid；6, functionalization vinblastine liposome), caspase-8 order of representation are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (1.28 ± 0.02)>TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome (1.24 ± 0.04) > stearyl-R of modification₈The vinblastine liposome of modification (1.22 ± 0.02) > vinblastine liposome (1.17 ± 0.02) > free vinblastine (1.10 ± 0.05).

3. pro apoptotic protein caspase-9

Utilize pro apoptotic protein Caspase in Operetta high intension measurement group of cells (caspase-9) expression calculate fluorescence intensity in each group with Columbus system.caspase-9 Express multiple=experimental group fluorescence intensity/blank group fluorescence intensity.As the result is shown (Figure 23,1, blank control；2, dissociate catharanthus roseus Alkali；3, vinblastine liposome；4, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine rouge of modification Plastid；6, functionalization vinblastine liposome), caspase-9 order of representation are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (2.20 ± 0.04)>stearyl-R₈Vinblastine liposome (2.09 ± 0.02) > TfR-T of modification₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification (2.00 ± 0.12) > vinblastine liposome (1.65 ± 0.05) > free vinblastine (1.57 ± 0.03).

4. pro apoptotic protein Bax

Using the expression of pro apoptotic protein Bax in Operetta high intension measurement group of cells, Columbus is used System calculate fluorescence intensity in each group.It is strong that Bax expresses multiple=experimental group fluorescence intensity/blank group fluorescence Degree.As the result is shown (Figure 24,1, blank control；2, dissociate vinblastine；3, vinblastine liposome；4, TfR-T₁₂The length of modification Spring flower alkali liposome；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification；6, functionalization vinblastine liposome), Bax expression Sequentially are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (1.13 ± 0.03) > TfR-T₁₂Modification vinblastine liposome (1.10 ± 0.02)>stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome (1.09 ± 0.01) of modification > vinblastine liposome (1.04 ± 0.03) > Free vinblastine (1.01 ± 0.03).

5. cromoci (Cytochrome C)

Using the yield of cromoci (Cytochrome C) in Operetta high intension measurement group of cells, use Columbus system calculate fluorescence intensity in each group.Cytochrome C expresses multiple=experimental group fluorescence Intensity/blank group fluorescence intensity.As the result is shown (Figure 25,1, blank control；2, dissociate vinblastine；3, vinblastine liposome； 4, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification；6, functionalization catharanthus roseus Alkali liposome), Cytochrome C order of representation are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (1.54 ± 0.02) > stearyl-R₈ Vinblastine liposome (1.47 ± 0.04) > TfR-T of modification₁₂The vinblastine liposome (1.40 ± 0.04) of modification > free Vinblastine (1.37 ± 0.02) > vinblastine liposome (1.29 ± 0.04).

6. anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1

Using the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 in Operetta high intension measurement group of cells, Columbus is used System calculate fluorescence intensity in each group.It is strong that Mcl-1 expresses multiple=experimental group fluorescence intensity/blank group fluorescence Degree.As the result is shown (Figure 26,1, blank control；2, dissociate vinblastine；3, vinblastine liposome；4, TfR-T₁₂The length of modification Spring flower alkali liposome；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification；6, functionalization vinblastine liposome), Mcl-1 table Up to sequence are as follows: vinblastine liposome (1.03 ± 0.02) > free vinblastine (0.86 ± 0.03) > TfR-T₁₂The Changchun of modification Flower alkali liposome (0.85 ± 0.03) > stearyl-R₈Vinblastine liposome (0.69 ± 0.02) > functionalization Changchun of modification Flower alkali liposome (0.54 ± 0.01).

7. autophagy GAP-associated protein GAP LC3B

Using the expression of autophagy GAP-associated protein GAP (LC3B) in Operetta high intension measurement group of cells, use Columbus system calculate fluorescence intensity in each group.LC3B expresses multiple=experimental group fluorescence intensity/blank Group fluorescence intensity.As the result is shown (Figure 27,1, blank control；2, dissociate vinblastine；3, vinblastine liposome；4, TfR-T₁₂ The vinblastine liposome of modification；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification；6, functionalization vinblastine lipid Body), LC3B order of representation are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (1.55 ± 0.05) > stearyl-R₈The vinblastine of modification Liposome (1.48 ± 0.05) > TfR-T₁₂Vinblastine liposome (1.45 ± 0.05) > vinblastine liposome (1.36 of modification ± 0.04) > free vinblastine (1.34 ± 0.05).

8. autophagy GAP-associated protein GAP FoxO1

Using the expression of autophagy GAP-associated protein GAP (FoxO1) in Operetta high intension measurement group of cells, use Columbus system calculate fluorescence intensity in each group.FoxO1 expresses multiple=experimental group fluorescence intensity/sky White group of fluorescence intensity.As the result is shown (Figure 28,1, blank control；2, dissociate vinblastine；3, vinblastine liposome；4, TfR- T₁₂The vinblastine liposome of modification；5, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome of modification；6, functionalization vinblastine lipid Body), FoxO1 order of representation are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome (1.14 ± 0.02) > stearyl-R₈The vinblastine of modification Liposome (1.09 ± 0.01) > TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome (1.08 ± 0.02) of modification > free vinblastine (1.05 ± 0.01) > vinblastine liposome (1.03 ± 0.01).

The above results show that (1) functionalization vinblastine liposome all has most brain glioblastoma cell and its stem cell Strong apoptosis induction effect, and it is mainly reflected in apoptosis early stage, and apoptosis advanced stage is without significant change；(2) functionalization vinblastine Cell and and injury of mitochondria maximum of the liposome to brain glioblastoma cell；(3) each group reactive oxygen species sequence are as follows: functionalization is long Spring flower alkali liposome > stearyl-R₈Vinblastine liposome > TfR-T of modification₁₂Vinblastine liposome > catharanthus roseus of modification Alkali liposome > free vinblastine；(4) functionalization vinblastine liposome has micro-pipe in strongest destruction brain glioblastoma cell Ability；(5) functionalization vinblastine lipid physical efficiency significantly improve pro apoptotic protein caspase-3/7, caspase-8, The level of caspase-9, Bax and cromoci (Cytochrome C), and the level of anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 is reduced, simultaneously The expression of autophagy GAP-associated protein GAP FoxO1 and LC3B can be made to increase.

Embodiment 5, anti-glioma and its stem cell effect in nude mouse

One, the foundation and evaluation of lotus glioma nude mice model

1. animal

Only, starting weight is about 18-20g to BALB/c male nude mouse number.

2. cell prepares

Cell is in logarithmic growth phase, with cell is resuspended in serum free medium after digestion, is prepared as every 3 μ L containing 2 × 10⁵ A U87-MG brain glioblastoma cell, and cell suspension is placed in 4 DEG C of ice baths, for use.

3. brain glioblastoma cell inoculation method

Using Naoliqing capsule technology, human brain glioma stem cells are inoculated in the cranium brain of BALB/c nude mice, establish brain glue Matter tumor primary tumor animal model, operating procedure are as follows:

(1) it weighs；

(2) it anaesthetizes, it is fixed: after 4% chloraldurate (1mL/100g) intraperitoneal injection of anesthesia, to be fixed on stereotaxic apparatus On；

(3) disinfection, notch and drilling: longitudinal backward along endocanthion line midpoint with 75% alcohol disinfecting mouse skin of vertex Cut scalp 1cm, exposure skull.According to Naoliqing capsule map: 1.0mm after bregma, on the skull of the right 2.0mm of sagittal suture, with Electric drill drilling is only permitted drilling through skull depth 1.0-1.5mm to prevent from puncturing endocranium；

(4) it is inoculated with human brain glioma stem cells in right caudate nucleus in brain: sucking 3.0 μ L gliomas using 20 μ L micro syringes Stem cell suspension is (containing about 6 × 10⁵A cell), vertical inserting needle depth 3.5mm (away from endocranium) returns to 0.5mm after standing 1min, with 1 μ L/min rate injects 3.0 μ L cell suspensions in caudate nucleus.Let the acupuncture needle remain at a certain point after injection 5min, slowly pulls out needle, bone hole is used immediately Bacteria-free bone wax closing, visual area normal saline flushing meet conjunction notch.

Daily regular check its consciousness, haptoreaction, movement defect, cranial nerve lesion, vision response, observation have unbiased Paralysed, aged and epileptic attack.After operation at about two weeks, the obvious pathological characters of observable, judging whether, which can be used for, is administered.

4. model evaluation

After 12 days, 100ml PBS and 100ml 4% is carried out to postanesthetic normal BALB/c male nude mouse and tumor bearing nude mice Paraformaldehyde cardiac perfusion, take out brain tissue, done notch by inoculation point of puncture and done continuous frozen section (4 μm), and carried out Nissl's staining is observed using Caikon XDS-300C system.

Normal observation is carried out to glioma tumor bearing nude mice, discovery nude mice revives from 0.5h after inoculation brain glioblastoma cell. After operation 5 days, tumor bearing nude mice feed is reduced to be increased with drinking-water, and movement is reduced, and weight gradually mitigates, and bilateral or opposite side then occurs Reflection damage, usually become apparent with hind leg, skin tarnishes；(the about the 10th day) during the late stages of developmet, tumor bearing nude mice is shown as Face is unclean, is in aged face, lassitude, slow to stimulate the reaction, and for body in shape is rolled up, depressed neck part occasionally has epileptic attack.

Internal Brain Glioma Model is evaluated using pathological examination, the results show that normal cerebral tissue (Figure 29) contaminates through Nissl Visible cell is sparse after color, and each provincial characteristics is obvious；And the brain tissue (Figure 30) for being inoculated with glioma is visible after Nissl's staining Brain glioblastoma cell dense accumulation is in invasive growth in groups.Illustrate that internal Brain Glioma Model is successfully established.

Two, the living imaging of tumor bearing nude mice

The preparation of 1.DiR liposome

Precision weighs each group liposome materials and DiR, by DiR: rouge material=1:500 (w/w) is added in eggplant-shape bottle, dissolution In the methanol of proper volume, methanol is removed by 40 DEG C of vacuum drying of rotary evaporation, forms one in eggplant-shape bottle bottom and inner wall The very thin uniform films of layer.Suitable HEPES buffer solution (10mM, pH7.4,150mM NaCl) is added into eggplant-shape bottle again at 60 DEG C Aquation 30min in water-bath, is cooled to room temperature, and excessive DiR is filtered to remove by 0.2 μm of polycarbonate membrane to get DiR label Targeted hposome.

2. in the intracorporal living imaging of tumor bearing nude mice

After inoculation brain glioblastoma cell 12 days, the tumor-bearing mice mould for being successfully established Brain Glioma Model is randomly divided into 5 groups, Every group of 3 difference tail vein injections administration, dosage regimen are as follows:

(1) physiological saline blank control group；

(2) dissociate DiR group (2.0mg/kg)；

(3)TfR-T₁₂The DiR liposome group (2.0mg/kg) of modification；

(4)stearyl-R₈The DiR liposome group (2.0mg/kg) of modification；

(5) functionalization DiR liposome group (2.0mg/kg)；

1 after administration, 3,6,12,24,48h, utilize IVIS Spectrum Pre-clinical In Vivo Imaging The functionalization liposome of System investigation DiR label real-time positioning scenarios in Mice Body.And after 48h, every group of mouse is put to death, The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and lotus knurl brain tissue are taken out immediately, and different tissues are imaged.

The functionalization liposome of DiR label the intracorporal targeting effect of glioma tumor bearing nude mice and drug real-time distribution such as Shown in Figure 31, a, physiological saline group；B, dissociate DiR；C, TfR-T₁₂The DiR liposome of modification；D, stearyl-R₈The DiR of modification Liposome；E, functionalization DiR liposome.In functionalization DiR liposome group (Figure 31 e), when 1h, brain fluorescence intensity is maximum, He is evenly distributed at position, and as time increases, brain fluorescence slightly weakens, and liver region fluorescence is most strong in 3h, Zhi Housui The time weaken, other positions have no significant drug fluorescence；Fluorescence is had no in physiological saline group (Figure 31 a)；Free DiR group In (Figure 31 b), fluorescence concentrates on liver region, and fluorescence intensity enhances as time increases, and brain has no fluorescence；TfR-T₁₂ The DiR liposome group (Figure 31 c) and stearyl-R of modification₈In the DiR liposome group (Figure 31 d) of modification, brain has certain Fluorescence, liver region fluorescence intensity is maximum, and other positions also have certain fluorescence.

The functionalization liposome of DiR label drug distribution when glioma tumor bearing nude mice respectively organizes 48h is as shown in figure 32, A, physiological saline group；B, dissociate DiR；C, TfR-T₁₂The DiR liposome of modification；D, stearyl-R₈The DiR liposome of modification；E, Functionalization DiR liposome.In each group, functionalization DiR liposome group (Figure 32 e) deutocerebral region fluorescence is most strong, TfR-T₁₂The DiR of modification Liposome group (Figure 32 c) deutocerebral region also has strong fluorescence, stearyl-R₈DiR liposome group (Figure 32 e) deutocerebral region of modification With week fluorescent, free DiR group (Figure 32 b) deutocerebral region of physiological saline group (Figure 32 a) has no fluorescence.Except physiological saline group, Remaining each group center, liver, spleen, lung, kidney have certain fluorescence, but mainly concentrate on liver.

Three, in the intracorporal anti-glioma effect of tumor bearing nude mice

1. life cycle is investigated

After inoculation brain glioblastoma cell 12 days, the tumor-bearing mice mould for being successfully established Brain Glioma Model is randomly divided into 6 groups, Every group of 9 difference tail vein injections administration, dosage regimen are as follows:

(1) physiological saline blank control group；

(2) dissociate vinblastine group (50 μ g/kg)；

(3) vinblastine liposome group (50 μ g/kg)；

(4)TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome group (50 μ g/kg) of modification；

(5)stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome group (50 μ g/kg) of modification；

(6) functionalization vinblastine liposome group (50 μ g/kg)；

A medicine is given every three days, is administered three times altogether.After administration, every group takes 9 mouse, daily to tumor bearing nude mice behavior state into Row observation, records its activity situation, symptom, date of death, investigates survivorship curve.Draw Kaplan-Meier survivorship curve (Kaplan-Meier survival curves), and calculate life span median (the median survival Times, MeST) and life span average value (the mean survival times, MST).Life cycle is calculated as follows Increase percentage (the percentage-increased life span, ILS%):

T: the nude mice for receiving treatment is represented, U: represents the nude mice for not receiving treatment.

Figure 33 is that glioma tumor bearing nude mice receives the Kaplan-Meier survivorship curve after each preparation group treatment, and a is raw Manage salt water group；B, vinblastine group of dissociating；C, vinblastine liposome group；D, TfR-T₁₂The vinblastine liposome group of modification； E, stearyl-R₈The vinblastine liposome group of modification；F, functionalization vinblastine liposome group.The results show that functionalization is long Spring flower alkali liposome group has maximum median survival interval (29 days), increases 52.63% than physiological saline group (19 days).This Outside, compared with physiological saline group, free vinblastine group (20 days) increase 5.26%, increase within vinblastine liposome group (21 days) 10.53%, TfR-T is added₁₂The vinblastine liposome group (26 days) of modification increases 36.84%, stearyl-R₈Modification Vinblastine liposome group (27 days) increases 42.11%.The result shows that compared with control formulation, functionalization vinblastine rouge Plastid can significantly improve the therapeutic effect to glioma tumor bearing nude mice brain tumor.

2. anti-human brain glioma stem cells effect in body

After being inoculated with brain glioblastoma cell and drug treatment according to the method described above, physiological saline blank control group, catharanthus roseus are taken Alkali liposome group and functionalization vinblastine liposome group tumor bearing nude mice each three, it is naked with the health for not being inoculated with brain glioblastoma cell Mouse is negative control group, through physiological saline and 4% paraformaldehyde cardiac perfusion after anesthesia, take out brain tissue (while take out the heart, Liver, spleen, lung, kidney are spare), sucrose dehydrated overnight.By mouse brain surface seeding point of puncture as notch, continuous frozen section (4 is done μm)。

Slice is dipped in 0.2%Triton X-100 solution after 30min progress Cell-transmission model, is transferred to containing 10% goat 5h is closed in the PBS solution of serum, is incubated overnight under the conditions of 4 DEG C with anti-nestin antibody (1:100 dilution), then With anti-rabbit secondary antibody conjugated with Alexafluor-488 (1:500 dilution) and Hoechst 33342 ((5 μ g/mL)) is incubated for 1h.Glioma in observation each group is carried out using laser confocal scanning microscope Stem cell situation.

Using stem cell labeling object nestin carry out immunofluorescence dyeing, to evaluate administration after tumor bearing nude mice brain brain glue The quantity of matter tumor stem cell.Immunofluorescence dyeing result is as shown in figure 34, a, normal cerebral tissue；B, the lotus brain of injecting normal saline Glioma brain tissue；C injects the lotus glioma brain tissue of vinblastine liposome；D, function of injection vinblastine lipid The lotus glioma brain tissue of body, blue-fluorescence is the nucleus dyed by Hoechst 33342, by thin to all brain tissues Born of the same parents' label sketches the contours of full brain form；Green fluorescence is nestin pigmented section, can serve to indicate that human brain glioma stem cells.From figure In as can be seen that Normal brain cortical tissue (not being inoculated with brain glioblastoma cell) region, nucleus is evenly distributed and more sparse； And tumor tissue sections, nucleus distribution are fine and close, it is seen that glioma region.The therapeutic effect of each preparation group, Ke Yiyong Nestin expression region accounts for the ratio in full brain area domain as evaluation criterion.The results show that in functionalization vinblastine liposome group, The fluorescence area marked by nestin is minimum, in Local map, observes that tumour cell is less and distribution is sparse；And in physiology salt In water group, the fluorescence area marked by nestin is larger, has accounted for the area of right brain about half, and cell is more in Local map Intensively；In vinblastine liposome, the fluorescence area marked by nestin is more compared with functionalization vinblastine liposome group, and in brain Portion has occurred transfer and forms two lesions, and Local map shows that cell is very intensive.Anti- glioma is dry thin in vivo for each preparation group Born of the same parents' effect sequence are as follows: functionalization vinblastine liposome group > vinblastine liposome group > physiological saline group.

Four, safety evaluatio

The paraformaldehyde of the heart taken among the above, liver, spleen, lung, nephridial tissue 4% is fixed, paraffin section (4 μ are prepared as M), HE (hematoxylin-eosin) dyeing is carried out, and is observed using Caikon XDS-300C system.

As a result as shown in figure 35, a, physiological saline group；B, functionalization vinblastine liposome group and physiological saline group it is each Tissue HE coloration result compares, and functionalization vinblastine liposome group nude mice respectively organizes do not occur apparent pathological change.

In conclusion through functional vector material TfR-T₁₂-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE and stearyl-R₈The function of modification simultaneously Changing liposome has most apparent tumor region drug accumulation and strongest anti-glioma and human brain glioma stem cells effect, energy Dramatically increase the life span of tumor bearing nude mice.

Claims

1. a kind of vinblastine liposome,

The vinblastine liposome is made of liposome and containing in the intracorporal vinblastine of the lipid；

The liposome is poly- through TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine and stearyl eight Arginine modification；

TfR binding peptide-the polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine is by TfR-T₁₂Polypeptide and NHS- PEG₂₀₀₀The product that-DSPE is keyed by amide.

2. a kind of method for preparing vinblastine liposome described in claim 1, for TfR binding peptide-poly- second two Eight poly arginine modified liposome of alcohol-Distearoyl Phosphatidylethanolamine and stearyl, and vinblastine is contained in the rouge Vinblastine liposome is obtained in plastid.

3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized by: described method includes following steps:

The preparation method includes the following steps: TfR-T₁₂Polypeptide and NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀- DSPE under the effect of the catalyst into Row acylation reaction obtains TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine；

2) with lecithin, cholesterol, TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine and Eight poly arginine of stearyl carries out film formation reaction, liposome after being modified；

4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized by:

In step 1), the TfR-T₁₂Polypeptide and NHS-PEG₂₀₀₀The molar ratio of-DSPE is 1:1-3:1；

Or, the catalyst is N-methylmorpholine；

Or, the acylation reaction carries out in a solvent；

Or, the solvent is specially DMF.

5. the method according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that:

In step 2, the lecithin, cholesterol, institute's TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoylphosphatidyl second The molar ratio of eight poly arginine of hydramine and the stearyl is 60:30:3:5.

6. the method according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that:

In step 3), the mass ratio that feeds intake of liposome is 1:20 after the vinblastine and the modification.

7. the TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearyl being prepared in claim 3 or 4 the methods Acyl phosphatidyl-ethanolamine.

8. liposome after the modification being prepared in claim 3 or 4 the methods.

9. TfR binding peptide-polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine as claimed in claim 7 is preparing rouge Plastid prepares vinblastine liposome or modified liposome or modifies the application in vinblastine liposome.

10. vinblastine liposome described in claim 1 or TfR binding peptide as claimed in claim 7-poly- second Glycol-Distearoyl Phosphatidylethanolamine has following 1) -9 in preparation) application in the product of at least one function:

1) brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cell are killed；

2) inhibit brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cells hyperplasia；

3) blood-brain barrier is crossed over；

4) promote brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cell apoptosis；

7) promote brain glioblastoma cell or the micro-duct injury of its stem cell；

9) prevent and/or treat glioma.

11. application according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: the rush apoptosis-related protein be caspase-3/7, Caspase-8, caspase-9, Bax, cromoci, Mcl-1, LC3B or FoxO1；

Or the product is drug or kit.

12. one kind has following 1) -9) product of at least one function, active constituent is catharanthus roseus described in claim 1 Alkali liposome；

1) brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cell are killed；

2) inhibit brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cells hyperplasia；

3) blood-brain barrier is crossed over；

4) promote brain glioblastoma cell or its stem cell apoptosis；

7) promote brain glioblastoma cell or the micro-duct injury of its stem cell；

9) prevent and/or treat glioma.

13. product according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: the rush apoptosis-related protein be caspase-3/7, Caspase-8, caspase-9, Bax, cromoci, Mcl-1, LC3B or FoxO1；

Or the product is drug or kit.