CN107871519B - Storage device for entangled-state photons, entangled-state detection device and method - Google Patents
Storage device for entangled-state photons, entangled-state detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107871519B CN107871519B CN201711097683.7A CN201711097683A CN107871519B CN 107871519 B CN107871519 B CN 107871519B CN 201711097683 A CN201711097683 A CN 201711097683A CN 107871519 B CN107871519 B CN 107871519B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/04—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using optical elements ; using other beam accessed elements, e.g. electron or ion beam
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J11/00—Measuring the characteristics of individual optical pulses or of optical pulse trains
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
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Abstract
The invention relates to a storage device for entangled photons, an entangled state detection device and a method. Local photons in the entangled-state two-photon signals enter the inner-layer optical fiber from the photon input end at a critical angle, and the local photons circularly move in the inner-layer optical fiber in a total reflection mode; the detection photons in the entangled-state two-photon signals encounter a target and change state, so that the state of local photons is changed, the change of the motion state of the local photons overflows from the memory optical fiber to the outer layer optical fiber, and finally the local photons are output from the photon output end and then detected by a single photon detector, so that the target is determined.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to detection of entangled photons, in particular to a storage device of entangled photons, an entangled state detection device and an entangled state detection method.
Background
At present, how to not destroy the entanglement state information of the entanglement state photons in the detection of the entanglement state photons, and conveniently detect the entanglement state photons are the biggest obstacles for applying the entanglement state photons to the technical field of quantum information. Entanglement information between entangled-state photons is applied to target detection, but since the initial state thereof cannot be measured in advance, target information, i.e., a change in the state of entangled-state particles for detecting a target, cannot be obtained by a method of directly measuring the state of local entangled particles, and cannot be ascertained by directly measuring the change in the state of local entangled particles.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and providing an entangled state photon storage device, an entangled state detection device, and a method, which can obtain target information without measuring (receiving) an echo and image it, thereby applying it to a quantum radar.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the entangled-state photon storage device comprises a rectangular annular optical fiber, wherein a section of the rectangular annular optical fiber extends out of a ring to serve as a photon input end, and photons enter the ring from the photon input end at a critical angle and then circularly move in the ring in a total reflection mode to realize storage of the entangled-state photons.
In the above technical solution, the photon input end is located at a right angle of the rectangular ring-shaped optical fiber.
The invention also provides a device for detecting the entangled state of entangled photons, which comprises an inner layer optical fiber and an outer layer optical fiber, wherein the outer layer optical fiber is wrapped outside the inner layer optical fiber;
a section of the inner-layer optical fiber extends out of the inner-layer optical fiber ring to serve as a photon input end, a section of the outer-layer optical fiber extends out of the outer-layer optical fiber ring to serve as a photon output end, and a single photon detector is arranged at the photon output end;
local photons in the entangled-state two-photon signals enter the inner-layer optical fiber from the photon input end at a critical angle and then circularly move in the inner-layer optical fiber in a total reflection mode; the detection photons in the entangled-state two-photon signal are subjected to state change when encountering a target, so that the state of local photons is changed, the change of the state of the local photons enables the local photons to overflow from the inner-layer optical fiber to the outer-layer optical fiber, and finally the local photons are output from the photon output end and then are detected by a single photon detector, so that the target is determined.
In the technical scheme, the photon input end of the inner layer optical fiber is positioned at the right angle of a rectangle; the photon output end of the outer layer optical fiber is positioned at the right angle of the rectangle, and the outer layer optical fiber is wrapped outside the inner layer optical fiber to form a rectangular ring.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for realizing the detection of the entangled state photons by the detection device, which comprises the following steps:
local photons in the entangled-state two-photon signals enter the inner-layer optical fiber from the photon input end at a critical angle, and the local photons circularly move in the inner-layer optical fiber in a total reflection mode;
the detection photons in the entangled-state two-photon signals encounter a target and change state, so that the state of local photons is changed, the change of the motion state of the local photons overflows from the memory optical fiber to the outer layer optical fiber, and finally the local photons are output from the photon output end and then detected by a single photon detector, so that the target is determined.
The invention has the following advantages:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, entangled-state photons are stored in an optical fiber self-loop (rectangular annular optical fiber), and the initial state of the entangled-state photons is not required to be determined when the entangled-state photons are measured, so that the measurement is not interfered;
the invention provides an entangled-state photon storage method;
the invention provides a quantum entanglement information storage method;
fourthly, the invention provides a method for identifying the state change of the entangled photons;
the invention is used for the quantum radar and can realize the quantum radar without measuring the echo.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an entangled-state photon storage device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the storage device of entangled photons according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an entangled state detection process of entangled state photons.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The entangled-state photon storage device comprises a rectangular annular optical fiber, wherein a section of the rectangular annular optical fiber extends outwards from the ring to serve as a photon input end, and the photon input end is positioned at the right angle of the rectangular annular optical fiber. Photons enter the ring from the photon input end at a critical angle and then circularly move in the ring in a total reflection mode, so that the entangled photons are stored.
The structure of the entangled state photon detection device is based on the entangled state photon storage device, as shown in fig. 1, the entangled state photon storage device comprises an inner layer optical fiber and an outer layer optical fiber, wherein the outer layer optical fiber is wrapped outside the inner layer optical fiber, a section of the inner layer optical fiber extends out of a ring to serve as a photon input end, the photon input end is located at a right angle of a rectangle, a section of the outer layer optical fiber extends out of the ring to serve as a photon output end, the photon output end is located at the right angle of the rectangle, and a single photon detector is arranged at the photon. Because the rectangular ring has a geometrical curvature abrupt change at the corner, photons larger than the critical angle of total reflection of the optical fiber can overflow into the outer layer optical fiber.
The laser light source used in the present embodiment is required to have strong coherence, and for example, infrared light (1.5 μm or 0.85 μm or the like) is used.
The EPR source is used for converting the two-photon or multi-photon signal into a two-photon entangled or multi-photon entangled signal, and one of the entangled photon signals is incident to the optical fiber self-loop along a critical incidence angle; and modulating the other entangled-state photon to change the state of the other entangled-state photon, thereby influencing the state of the entangled-state photon in the self-loop of the optical fiber.
The working principle of the entangled-state photon storage device is shown in fig. 2, the inner layer optical fiber and the outer layer optical fiber form a closed ring by the optical fibers, and the performance of the closed ring is completely determined by the input port and the output port. After photons are input from the ring input port of the optical fiber along the critical incident angle of the optical fiber, the photons do circular motion in the ring due to the fact that geometric design conditions are met; when the entangled-state photons in the ring are induced by the entangled-state photons outside the ring to cause the state change of the entangled-state photons, the entangled-state photons overflow to the optical fiber on the outer layer of the ring and are output to the single photon detector at the output port.
The single photon detector used in this embodiment is not limited to a single photon detector of a particular nature. High efficiency (more than 80%) and low dark count (10%) are required-3Below/sec), the highest counting rate is high (above 2G/s).
As shown in fig. 3, the use of the optical fiber self-loop of the present invention described above includes the following steps:
s100, generating an entangled two-photon pair by an EPR source;
s200, inputting one of the entangled two-photon pairs into an optical fiber self-loop (namely, an entangled-state photon storage device) at an optical fiber critical incidence angle;
s300, carrying out known state change on another entangled photon outside the optical fiber self-loop;
s400, detecting a photon signal overflowing from the optical fiber self-loop by a single photon detector;
the innovation of the invention is that the entangled photons are stored in the optical fiber self-loop, and the entanglement information among the entangled photons can be directly measured. The invention is used for detecting the target and can realize the quantum radar without detecting the echo. The invention is also a method for storing quantum information in the future.
Claims (5)
1. A storage device for entangled-state photons, comprising: the optical fiber comprises a rectangular annular optical fiber, wherein a section of the rectangular annular optical fiber extends out of the ring to serve as a photon input end, and local photons in entangled-state two-photon signals circularly move in the ring in a total reflection mode after being incident into the ring from the photon input end at a critical angle, so that the entangled-state photons are stored.
2. The storage device of entangled-state photons of claim 1, wherein: the photon input end is positioned at the right angle of the rectangular annular optical fiber.
3. An entanglement state detection device for entangled photons, characterized in that: the optical fiber comprises an inner layer optical fiber and an outer layer optical fiber, wherein the outer layer optical fiber is wrapped outside the inner layer optical fiber;
a section of the inner-layer optical fiber extends out of the inner-layer optical fiber ring to serve as a photon input end, a section of the outer-layer optical fiber extends out of the outer-layer optical fiber ring to serve as a photon output end, and a single photon detector is arranged at the photon output end;
local photons in the entangled-state two-photon signals enter the inner-layer optical fiber from the photon input end at a critical angle and then circularly move in the inner-layer optical fiber in a total reflection mode; the detection photons in the entangled-state two-photon signal are subjected to state change when encountering a target, so that the state of local photons is changed, the change of the state of the local photons enables the local photons to overflow from the inner-layer optical fiber to the outer-layer optical fiber, and finally the local photons are output from the photon output end and then are detected by a single photon detector, so that the target is determined.
4. The entangled state detection device for entangled-state photons of claim 3, wherein: the inner-layer optical fiber is rectangular and annular, and the photon input end is positioned at the rectangular right angle of the inner-layer optical fiber; the outer layer optical fiber is wrapped outside the inner layer optical fiber to form a rectangular ring shape, and the photon output end is positioned at the rectangular right angle of the outer layer optical fiber.
5. A method for detecting an entangled state of an entangled state photon by the apparatus of claim 3, comprising:
local photons in the entangled-state two-photon signals enter the inner-layer optical fiber from the photon input end at a critical angle, and the local photons circularly move in the inner-layer optical fiber in a total reflection mode;
the detection photons in the entangled-state two-photon signal are subjected to state change when encountering a target, so that the state of local photons is changed, the change of the motion state of the local photons overflows from the inner-layer optical fiber to the outer-layer optical fiber, and finally the local photons are output from a photon output end and then are detected by a single photon detector, so that the target is determined.
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