CN1078714C - Photosensitive member for electrophotography - Google Patents
Photosensitive member for electrophotography Download PDFInfo
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- CN1078714C CN1078714C CN89109833A CN89109833A CN1078714C CN 1078714 C CN1078714 C CN 1078714C CN 89109833 A CN89109833 A CN 89109833A CN 89109833 A CN89109833 A CN 89109833A CN 1078714 C CN1078714 C CN 1078714C
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- light activated
- activated element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/153—Charge-receiving layers combined with additional photo- or thermo-sensitive, but not photoconductive, layers, e.g. silver-salt layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
- G03G5/0601—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- G03G5/0612—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds containing nitrogen
- G03G5/0614—Amines
- G03G5/06142—Amines arylamine
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Abstract
A photosensitive member for electrophotography, including an electroconductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed thereon, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a triarylamine compound represented by the following general formula (I): wherein Ar1 and Ar2 respectively denote a benzene ring capable of having a substituent; at least one of Ar1 and Ar2 has an electron-donating substituent; and R1 and R2 respectively denote a hydrogen atom, alkyl or alkoxyl.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of light activated element that is used for xerography, particularly a kind of by improving the light activated element that xerography performance and low-molecular-weight organic photoconductor constitute.
So far, existing a large amount of organic photoconductive polymkeric substance can be used for xerography light activated element, for example polyvinylcarbazole.These general organic polymers are compared with inorganic photoconductive material, preponderate at aspects such as weight and film forming characteristicss, and relatively poor at aspects such as sensitivity, life-span, environmental stability and physical strengths.
On the other hand, more existing low-molecular-weights have anti-optical to lead the report of material, for example hydrazone compound (is seen United States Patent (USP) 4,150,987), triarylpyrazoline compound (seeing United States Patent (USP) 3,837,851) and 9-styryl anthracene (seeing Jap.P. prospectus 94828/1976 and 94829/1976).
When stating common low-molecular-weight organic photoconductor in the use, the above-mentioned shortcoming that is prevalent in the filming performance aspect in the organic photoconductive polymkeric substance can be eliminated by the bonding agent that suitable selection is used.Yet this common organic photoconductor does not possess enough sensitivity.
Have a kind of viewpoint to think and should adopt rhythmo structure, wherein photosensitive layer is divided into charge generation layer and charge-transport layer using.Xerography light activated element with this photosensitive layer can improve the sensitivity to visible light, electric charge protective capability and surface strength or the like.
The charge transport material that constitutes above-mentioned transport layer can adopt a large amount of organic compounds.For example: pyrazoline compounds (seeing Jap.P. prospectus 72231/1977), hydrazone compound (is seen United States Patent (USP) 842,431 and Jap.P. prospectus 52063/1979), triphenyl amine compound (seeing Jap.P. prospectus 195254/1982 and 858445/1979), stilbene compounds (seeing Jap.P. prospectus 151955/1979 and 19043/1983), carbazole compound (seeing Jap.P. prospectus 150128/1979 and 58451/1988), stupid bithiophene compound (seeing Jap.P. prospectus 110835/1979) or the like.
Yet, in adopting the general xerography light activated element of low molecular weight organic compound as the charge transport material, it is not enough that sensitivity and other xerography performance are also disliked, and when carrying out charging repeatedly and exposing, bright piezoelectricity position and dark space current potential easily produce very big variation.
Like this, this xerography light activated element is also existed remain improvements.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of xerography light activated element that can solve the variety of issue that exists in the above-mentioned existing light activated element.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of xerography light activated element that adopts new organic photoconductor, and this photoconductor is more easily made, and is cheap and the life-span is long.
According to the present invention, the light activated element that a kind of xerography is used comprises a photoconductive substrate and a photosensitive layer that places on the substrate, and wherein photosensitive layer is made of the represented triarylamine compound of following general formula (I):
Ar in the formula
1And Ar
2Expression can have substituent phenyl ring, Ar respectively
1And Ar
2In have at least one to have electron donor's substituting group, R
1And R
2Represent ar atmo alkyl or alkoxy respectively.
From the description of embodiments of the invention being done below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, can be well understood to other purpose feature and advantage of the present invention more.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 represent the infrared absorption spectrum according to No. 10 and No. 13 compound sample of KBr pressed disc method preparation respectively.
In above-mentioned general formula (I), Ar1And Ar2Expression can have one or more substituent phenyl ring respectively. Ar1And Ar2In at least one has electron donor's group as substituting group. A kind of substituting group with electron donor character larger than ar atmo of " donor electron substituting group " expression.
The instantiation of electron donor's group is: (carbon atom is preferably C to alkyl1To C3), for example methyl, ethyl and propyl group; Alkoxyl (is preferably C1And C3), for example methoxyl group and ethyoxyl; Substituted-amino (being preferably two substituted-aminos), for example dimethylamino and lignocaine etc. Amino substituting group is preferably C1To C3。
R
1And R2Represent that respectively ar atmo, alkyl (are preferably C1To C3), for example methyl, ethyl or propyl group, perhaps alkoxyl (is preferably C1To C3), methoxy or ethoxy for example.
In addition, known triarylamine compound can be used as the charge transport material. But in general, this common triarylamine compound has lower sensitivity.
In the present invention, electron donor's substituting group is introduced at least one phenyl ring Ar in above-mentioned formula (I) compound1And Ar2In. The result is according to the present invention, obtain a kind of highly sensitive, the life-span long and the charge transport material that is easy to synthesize at low cost, thereby solved the problem that exists in the prior art.
(wherein at least one electron donor's group is introduced into phenyl ring Ar to the compound of the oxidizing potential below particularly, above-mentioned formula (I) has 0.9 volt
1And/or Ar
2In) fabulous xerography characteristic can be provided.And then this have 0.6 volt of compound above, below 0.8 volt and can be made into the high xerography light activated element of a kind of sensitivity.
According to our research, should consider that oxidizing potential is higher than 0.9 volt compound the lower performance of injecting charge carrier from charge generation layer can only be provided.On the other hand, oxidizing potential is lower than 0.6 volt compound can produce deepening largely, and produces higher rest potential, thereby reduces the characteristic of xerography, although the reason of this phenomenon is not clear.
Like this, in the compound of above-mentioned general formula (I) expression, at least one band Ar
1And Ar
2On to have electron donor's substituting group, oxidizing potential be that the compound of 0.6-0.88 volt is only because this compound can be made the light activated element with fabulous xerography characteristic.
Provide above-mentioned (I) formula examples for compounds below.Yet the compound of being represented by (I) formula that the present invention can use is not limited to these examples.
Below, E
OxExpression oxidizing potential (volt).
Examples of compounds is as follows:
(compound sample)
The measurement of oxidizing potential
The numerical value of the oxidizing potential that provides among the present invention is measured and is drawn by a kind of potential sweep method, and one of them mercurous chloride electrode that soaks into is used as reference electrode, and 0.1 centinormal 1 (n-Bu)
4N
+ClO
- 4Acetonitrile solution is used as electrolytic solution.In this measurement, the electric current of the current potential of platinum working electrode is scanned to obtain electric current-potential curve.Oxidizing potential is defined as this electric current-pairing potential value of potential curve peak value.
More particularly, sample is dissolved in 0.1 centinormal 1 (n-Bu) with the concentration of about 5-10 moles of %
4N
+ClO
- 4In the acetonitrile electrolytic solution.Subsequently, impressed voltage in addition on sample solution is measured electric current linear from the electronegative potential value when changing voltage, thereby is obtained electric current-potential curve.In this measures, adopt a platinum system auxiliary electrode, the potential difference (PD) when potential difference (PD) is decided to be zero between reference electrode and auxiliary electrode between surveying work electrode and the auxiliary electrode.In the present invention, oxidizing potential is determined by the current potential numerical value of current peak correspondence in above-mentioned electric current-potential curve.
The above-claimed cpd sample can be synthetic with following method.
Synthesizing of No. 10 compound sample
5.0 gram (0.025 mole) tolidine, 14.2 gram (0.051 mole) iodo phenylbenzenes, 138 gram (0.100 mole) anhydrous carbon potassium, 3.0 gram (0.047 mole) copper powder and 50 milliliters of o-dichlorobenzenes are loaded in the three-neck flask that thermometer and condenser be housed, and shake heating 20 hours under a cut point.After the post reaction mixture cooling, the solid constituent in the reaction mixture is filtered, and filtrate is depressurized concentrated, adds ethanol subsequently to obtain the xylyl diphenylamine of coarse crystallization in the product that is obtained.
Thick product is loaded in the silicon gel tower, and to restrain (output is 77.9%) fusing points be 126.5-127.7 ℃ pure xylyl diphenylamine white crystals to obtain 6.8 with toluene one hexane eluent solvent.Fig. 1 measures resulting infrared absorpting light spectra for this compound that obtains with the KBr pressed disc method.
Analysis (the C of element
26H
23N)
C (%) H (%) N (%) theoretical value 89.36 6.63 4.01 observed readings 89.40 6.61 3.99
In addition, No. 13 compound sample is synthetic with above-mentioned same method.Fig. 2 uses the measured infrared absorpting light spectra of this compound that obtains with quadrat method.
Because compound of the present invention can adopt above-mentioned single stage method synthetic in a large number easily, so it can provide a kind of cheap xerography light activated element.
Other compound of the present invention can synthesize with the similar method that goes up example.
In one embodiment of the invention, photosensitive layer is divided into charge generation layer and charge-transport layer using, and this charge-transport layer is made of as the charge transport material the triarylamine compound shown in the above-mentioned general formula (I).
Charge-transport layer of the present invention preferably is dissolved in the compound of above-mentioned general formula (I) in the appropriate solvent with bonding agent, the solution that obtains is coated onto on the predetermined surface and dry coating and forming again.
The bonding agent that can be used for charge-transport layer comprises: poly-aryl resin, polysulfone resin, amide resin, acryl resin, acrylonitrile resin, methacrylic resin, vestolit, vinyl ethyl ester resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, vibrin, alkyd resin, polycarbonate, polyurethane perhaps comprises the fluoropolymer resin of two above repetitives of these resins, for example butylbenzene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-maleic acid, or the like.In addition,, also can adopt the organic photoconductive polymkeric substance, polyvinylcarbazole for example, tygon anthracene and tygon pyrene etc. except the polymkeric substance of these insulation.
In charge-transport layer, each hundred unit of weight bonding agent can adopt 10-500 unit of weights, is preferably the charge transport material of 50-200 unit of weights.
Charge-transport layer is electrically connected with the charge generation layer of introducing below, and it has the effect that receives when having electric field the electric charge carrier that injects from charge generation layer, and with the effect of these charge transports to the surface of charge-transport layer.In an embodiment, charge-transport layer can place on the charge generation layer, also can place under the charge generation layer.Charge-transport layer preferably places on the charge generation layer.Charge-transport layer had better not be too thick, owing to there is a thickness limits that is fit to transport electric charge carrier.In general, the thickness of charge-transport layer is preferably 5-40 microns, and 10-30 microns better.
In the forming process of above-mentioned charge-transport layer, used organic solvent can change according to the kind of the bonding agent that adopts, and preferably selects those to be substantially free of the solvent that dissolved charge produces layer or bottom.
The example of organic solvent is: alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethanol or isopropyl alcohol, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or cyclohexanone, N, dinethylformamide or N, acid amides such as N-dimethyl acetamide, sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, diox, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ester classes such as methyl ethyl ester and diethyl acetamidomalonate, chloroform, methylene chloride, aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons classes such as two glycol chlorohydrins, phenixin or chloral, aromatic compounds such as benzene,toluene,xylene, monochloro-benzene or dichloro-benzenes.
Can adopt various coating methods to form coatings, for example dip coating, spraying process, line is coated with method or knife coating.The coating drying preferably earlier at room temperature is dried to tack-free state and then carries out heat drying.In general, heat drying preferably under 30 ℃ to 200 ℃ temperature, carried out under static or air blowing condition 5 minutes to 2 hours.
Charge-transport layer of the present invention can further comprise the various adjuvants of selecting for use.The example of these adjuvants comprises: plastifier such as phenylbenzene, meta-terphenyl and dibutyl phthalate, surface lubricants such as silicone oil, graft type silicone polymer and various fluorocarbons, two acrylonitrile compounds and carbazole derivates equipotential stabilizing agent, antioxidants such as the two heterocycle normal octanes of β-carrotene, nickel complex and 1,4-phenodiazine
Charge generation layer comprises charge generating material.The example of charge generating material comprises: inorganic charge generating materials such as selenium, selenium-tellurium and amorphous silicon, organic charge produces material to be had: the dyes of positive ion such as pyrylium dye, thiapyran dyestuff, azulene dyestuff, thiophene anthocyanin dye and quino anthocyanin dye, squarine salt dyestuff, phthalocyanine dye, dibenzo pyrene-5, poly-ring quinone dyestuffs such as 10-two ketone dyes, dibenzpyrenequinone dye well pyranthrone, and bipseudoindoxyl dye, quinoline a word used for translation ketone dyes, azo dyes or the like.These charge generating materials can use separately, also two or more materials can be used in combination.Can adopt this charge generating material to make charge generation layer with the form of evaporation layer or coating.
In above-mentioned charge generating material, AZO pigments comprises many types.Provide the typical structure of AZO pigments the most suitable among the present invention below.When AZO pigments is represented by the following general formula that comprises center framework A:
A—(N＝N—C
P)
n
C wherein
PBe the coupling part, n is 2 or 3, and the example of center framework A comprises array structure down:
The coupling portion C
PExample comprise that those have the compound of following array structure:
Above-mentioned division center A and coupling portion C
PSuitably combination is to constitute the dyestuff as charge generating material.
Can adopt this charge generating material of vacuum deposition apparatus evaporation to apply the disperse means that comprise charge generating material with suitable bonding agent and form charge generation layer to form charge generation layer, also can adopt.
The bonding agent that is used to form charge generation layer can be selected from a large amount of insulating resins, also can polyvinylcarbazole, select in the organic photoconductive polymkeric substance such as tygon anthracene or tygon pyrene.The insulating resin that is suitable for comprises: polyvinyl butyral, polyarylate (being the condensed polymer of bisphenol-A and phthalic acid), polycarbonate, vibrin, phenoxy resin, acryl resin, polyacrylamide resin, amide resin, polyvinyl pyridine, celluosic resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, casein resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
The percentage composition of this resin in charge generation layer is preferably with 5-80% for well, and 10-40% better.
The example that can be used for the organic solvent in the charge generation layer coated process comprises: alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, N, N-dimethyl formamide and N, acid amides such as N-dimethyl acetamide, sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ester classes such as ethers, methyl second fat or diethyl acetamidomalonate such as four argon furans, dioxs and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons classes such as chloroform, methylene chloride, two glycol chlorohydrins, phenixin and chloral, aromatic compounds such as benzene,toluene,xylene, monochloro-benzene and dichloro-benzenes or the like.
Charge generation layer preferably comprises above-mentioned charge generating material with big as far as possible ratio, so that it provides enough absorbabilities.Further, charge generation layer preferably thickness is a thin layer below 5 microns, and 0.01-1 micron better, thereby the electric charge carrier that it can will wherein produce in the life time of electric charge carrier is injected in the charge-transport layer.This can ascribe to following some: best most incident light is absorbed in the charge generation layer producing a large amount of electric charge carriers, the electric charge carrier that is produced be preferably in without again in conjunction with or capture and be injected in the charge-transport layer during deactivation.
Above-mentioned photosensitive layer with the rhythmo structure that is made of charge generation layer and charge-transport layer can be formed on the electrically-conductive backing plate.
Electrically-conductive backing plate itself possesses the substrate of electric conductivity, for example aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper, zinc or stainless steel, or said metal substrates or plastic base scribble aluminium, aluminium alloy, titanium dioxide, tin oxide or oxidation tin monoxide alloy or conductive powder (for example aluminium powder, titanium dioxide, tin oxide, tin oxide, zinc paste, carbon black or silver powder) with the suitable vacuum evaporation layer of binder combination, also soak into the low substrate or the plastic base of conducting particles, or scribble the plastic base of conductive polymer coating.Electrically-conductive backing plate can be an arbitrary shape, sheet for example, drum type etc.
Between electrically-conductive backing plate and photosensitive layer, can there be one deck to work the bottom that separates with cohesive action.Bottom can be by casein, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), nitrocellulose, ethylene acrylic acid co polymer, acid amides (for example nylon 6, nylon 66, NYLON610, multipolymer nylon, alkoxy methyl nylon etc.), and polyurethane, gelatin, or aluminium oxide constitutes.The thickness of bottom is preferably 0.1-5 microns, and 0.5-3 microns better.
In xerography light activated element of the present invention, further repeatedly folded protective seam on photosensitive layer.This protective seam can be made of in wherein resin resin or light-guide material disperse.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of dyestuff or pigment with photoconductivity can be used as sensitive agent.The example of this class dyestuff or pigment comprises: disazo pigment, pyrylium dye, thiapyran dyestuff, the selenium dyestuff of muttering, benzopyran dyes, benzothiopyran derivative dyestuff, aphthopyrans dyestuff, aphthothiopyrans dyestuff; See United States Patent (USP) 3,554,745; 3,567,438; And 3,586,500.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of pyrylium dye (seeing United States Patent (USP) 3,684,502) and a kind of low melting point (crystal) potpourri of the insulating polymer of alkylidene-two arlydene that comprises of comprising can be used as sensitive agent.This low-melting mixtures can form like this: with 4-[4-two (2-vinyl chloride) aminobenzene]-2,6-hexichol pyrans perchlorate and poly-(4,4 '-isopropylidene two arlydene carbonic esters are dissolved in the halo compound solvent of hydrocarbon generation, (dichloro-methane for example, chloroform, phenixin, 1,1-dichloro-ethane, 1,2-dichloro-ethane, 1,1,2-three chloro ethane, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, 1,2-dichloro-benzenes or the like), and then (for example: hexane add non-polar solvent, normal octane, decane, 2,2,4-trimethylbenzene, petroleum-type or the like) in the potpourri of gained, to produce utmost point low-melting mixtures.In this embodiment, the xerography light activated element can comprise a kind of bonding agent, for example: butylbenzene copolymer, silicone resin, vinyl, inferior vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, vinyl ethyl ester-vinyl chloride copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, polymethyl methacrylate, poly--N-butylacrylic acid formicester, vibrin, cellulose esters or the like.
Xerography light activated element of the present invention not only can be used in the common duplicating machine, and can be used for other field of xerography, and laser printer for example is in CRT printing machine and the xerography making sheet.
Introduce the present invention in more detail below with reference to example.
Example 1
5 grams are dissolved in 100 milliliters of cyclohexanones by disazo pigment and the 2 gram butyral resins (63 moles of % of butyraldehyde content) that following formula provides, and resulting solution mixes 24 hours with the preparation masking liquid in a ball milling.
It is 0.2 micron charge generation layer that masking liquid of making like this and wiregrating are coated onto on the aluminium sheet to form dry back thickness.
Subsequently, above-mentioned No. 3 compound sample 10 grams and 10 gram polycarbonate resins (weight average molecular weight is 2000) are dissolved in the 70 gram-chlorobenzenes with the preparation masking liquid.This masking liquid is coated onto on the above-mentioned charge generation layer to make dry back thickness with wiregrating to be 20 microns charge-transport layer, so just to have made the xerography light activated element with rhythmo structure.
The light activated element made carries out corona charging (5 kilovolts) with the electrostatic methods of electro-photographic paper proving installation (model: SP-428, the Kawaguehi electric corporation is produced), and remains on 1 second of dark place.Subsequently, light activated element is to expose under the light of 20 Luxs in illumination, to estimate charge characteristic.In order to measure charge characteristic, need surface measurements current potential V
0, the current potential V of dark decay after 1 second
1, and with current potential V
1Be reduced to 1/2 required exposure E
1/2
And then, the variation of clear zone current potential and dark space current potential when using repeatedly in order to measure, the light activated element of making is adhered to plain paper copier (PPC) (NP-3525, Canon company product) on the photosensitive drums cylinder, and carry out the copy test of 5000 paper, duplicate back clear zone current potential V when measuring beginning subsequently and through 5000 times
LWith dark space current potential V
DVariation.Initial V
DAnd V
LBe decided to be-700 volts and-200 volts respectively.
Test result is shown in table 1
Example 2-10, Comparative Examples 1-3
Adopt the method identical to prepare 9 light activated element samples with example 1, wherein the 1st, 5,10,13,17,20,22,28 and No. 30 compound sample is used as the charge transport material respectively to replace compound sample No. 13, and the pigment with following formula is used as charge generating material (example 2-10):
| V (volt) | V (volt) | E (Lux second) | Initial potential (volt) | Duplicate 5000 afterpotentials (volt) | |
| Example 1 | -700 | -675 | 1.3 | V D-700 | -680 |
| V L-200 | -207 |
The xerography characteristic of the light activated element of making adopts the method identical with example 1 to record.
Further, in order to compare, adopt the method identical with example 1 to prepare three light activated element samples, wherein Xia Mian control compounds is used as charge transport material (Comparative Examples 1-3) respectively.
The xerography characteristic of the light activated element of gained adopts the method identical with example 1 to measure.
Test result is shown in table 2 and table 3
Control compounds is as follows:
(Japanese patent application book prospectus 195254/1982)
(Japanese Patent Application Publication instructions 79450/1980)
(Japanese patent application book prospectus 195254/1982)
| Example | Compound sample | V 0(V) | V 1(V) | E 1/2Lux second | Initial potential | Duplicate 5000 times afterpotential | ||
| V D(V) | V L(V) | V D(V) | V L(V) | |||||
| 2 | (1) E OX＝0.87 | -702 | -690 | 1.2 | -700 | -200 | -690 | -225 |
| 3 | (5) E OX＝0.81 | -685 | -680 | 1.3 | -700 | -200 | -675 | -205 |
| 4 | (10) E OX＝0.86 | -693 | -690 | 0.8 | -700 | -200 | -690 | -205 |
| 5 | (13) E OX＝0.69 | -700 | -695 | 0.9 | -700 | -200 | -685 | -215 |
| 6 | (15) E OX＝0.84 | -703 | -695 | 0.8 | -700 | -200 | -690 | -207 |
| 7 | (20) E OX＝0.98 | -695 | -673 | 2.1 | -700 | -200 | -680 | -205 |
Table two (continued)
| 8 | (22) E OX＝0.83 | -697 | -692 | 1.2 | -700 | -200 | -670 | -215 |
| 9 | (28) E OX＝0.99 | -680 | -650 | 2.3 | -700 | -200 | -660 | -215 |
| 10 | (30) E OX＝0.41 | -695 | -630 | 2.9 | -700 | -200 | -540 | -235 |
Continuous table two
| Comparative Examples | Control compounds | V 0 (V) | V 1(V) | E 1/2Lux second | Initial potential | Duplicate 5000 times afterpotential | ||
| VD(V) | V L(V) | V D(V) | V L(V) | |||||
| 1 2 3 | 1 2 3 | -715 -650 -690 | -690 -600 -632 | 3.4 6.2 5.4 | -700 -700 -700 | -200 -200 -200 | -650 -620 -570 | -300 -325 -375 |
Can know from the test result of example and Comparative Examples and to find out, electron donor's substituting group is introduced Ar in the following formula
1And/or Ar
2Can obtain higher sensitivity and potential stability in the duplicating process continuously.
Particularly comparing embodiment 2-4 and Comparative Examples 1 as a result the time as can be seen, used compound is structurally similar to the used compound of Comparative Examples 1 in the example, but owing to having introduced electron donor's group the oxidizing potential in the example is dropped to below 0.9 volt.Oxidizing potential can provide high sensitivity for 0.9 volt of following compound and good potential stability when duplicating continuously.
Further, will have the Ar that introduces (I) formula than the group of the sub-alms giver's characteristic of forceful electric power
1And/or Ar
2The time, can observe this compound is that 0.60-0.88 compound that lies prostrate is compared the trend that its sensitivity has step-down with oxidizing potential.
Used in the above-described embodiments compound, following formula (II), (III) and (IV) novel arylamine compound of expression can provide high sensitivity and fabulous potential stability when duplicating continuously.
Example 11
The masking liquid that a kind of multipolymer nylon resin (number-average molecular weight is 29000) that 5 gram methoxy nylon resins (number-average molecular weight is 32000) and 10 grams are dissolved in alcohol is dissolved in gained in the 95 gram methyl alcohol is coated onto on the aluminium sheet to make dry back thickness with wiregrating be 1 micron bottom.
Then, the 10 gram charge generating materials represented of following formulas and the solution that 5 gram butyral resins (63 moles of % of butyraldehyde content) are dissolved in gained in the 200 Ke dioxs is placed in the ball milling mixed 48 hours to make masking liquid.It is 0.15 micron charge generation layer that the masking liquid of making is coated onto on the above-mentioned bottom to make dry back thickness with knife coating.
Then, 10 above-mentioned No. 10 compound samples of gram and 10 gram plexiglasses (weight average molecular weight is 50000) are dissolved in the 70 gram monochloro-benzenes to make masking liquid.Being coated onto on the above-mentioned charge generation layer masking liquid to form dry back thickness with knife coating is 19 microns charge-transport layer, has so just made a kind of xerography light activated element.
Made light activated element with corona charging (5 kilovolts) to have initial potential V
0, in the dark placed for 1 second, subsequently the surface measurements current potential.In order to measure sensitivity, need measure and make current potential V through behind the dark decay
1Be reduced to 1/2 required exposure (E
1/2, little joule/every square centimeter).Here used light source is the laser (output power 5 milliwatts, 780 millimicrons of output wavelengths) that sends from gallium/aluminium/arsenic ternary semiconductor.
Test result is as follows:
V
0:-700 volts
V
1:-695 volts
E
1/2: 0.53 little joule every square centimeter
Above-mentioned light activated element is installed in the laser printer (model LBP-CX is produced by Canon company), as the electrostatographic printing machine of the employing reverse developing system that above-mentioned semiconductor laser is housed, and carries out the actual imaging operation.
Used image-forming condition is as follows:
The surface potential of initial charge :-700 volts
Surface potential after the exposure :-150 volts (exposure is 2.0 little joule/square centimeters)
Conversion current potential :+700 volts
Developer polarity: negative
Processing speed: 50 millimeters per seconds
Development conditions (developing bias) :-450 volts
Image exposure scanning system: scanning of image
Exposure before the initial charge: 50 Luxs second (adopting ruddiness) to whole face exposure
Adopt laser beam to carry out line sweep according to literal or picture intelligence and realize imaging operation.As a result, obtained good printed matter for literal and image.
Further, when continuous imaging 3000 times, can stably obtain good printed matter 3000 times to imaging when initial always.
Example 12
In the solution that 5 gram phenoxy resins is dissolved in 485 Ke diox gained, add 10 gram oxidation phthalocyanines, and mix 2 hours with ball milling.The mixed liquid that adopts wiregrating to make is coated onto on the aluminium sheet, again under 80 ℃ of temperature dry 2 hours be 0.5 micron charge generation layer to make thickness.
Subsequently, 10 above-mentioned No. 15 compound samples of gram and 10 gram bisphenol z-polycarbonate resins (weight average molecular weight is 50000) are dissolved in 70 gram monochloro-benzenes to make masking liquid.Adopting wiregrating to be coated onto masking liquid on the above-mentioned charge generation layer and under 110 ℃ of temperature dry 1 hour, is 19 microns charge-transport layer to form thickness, has so just made a kind of xerography light activated element.
Adopt the method identical to test the light activated element that is obtained with example 11.Test result is as follows:
V
0:-695 volts
V
1:-687 volts
E
1/2:-0.69 little joule every square centimeter
Example 13
With 3 grams, 4-(4-Dimethylaminobenzene)-2,6-hexichol pyrans perchlorate, No. 10 compound works of 5 grams are as the charge transport material, 5 gram vibrin (weight average molecular weight is 49000) restrain toluene with 50 Yu the solvent that diox is formed with 1: 1 ratio mixes mutually, and mix 6 hours with ball milling.Being coated onto this mixed liquid on the aluminium sheet with wiregrating again and under 100 ℃ of temperature dry 2 hours, is 15 microns photosensitive layer to make thickness, has made a kind of xerography light activated element like this.
Adopt the method identical to test the light activated element of gained with example 1.Test result is as follows:
V
0:-695 volts
V
1:-680 volts
E
1/2: 1.9 Lux seconds
(initial time)
V
D:-700 volts
V
L:-200 volts
(after duplicating 5000 times)
V
D:-680 volts
V
L:-225 volts
Example 14
A kind of caseic aqueous ammonia solution (casein containing protein 11.2 gram, 28% ammoniacal liquor, 1 gram, 222 ml waters) is coated onto on the aluminium sheet with wiregrating, is 1 micron bottom to form dry back thickness.Adopt the method identical with example 9 to make charge-transport layer and charge generation layer successively on bottom, so just made a kind of xerography light activated element, except the rhythmo structure difference, it is to use the method identical with example 1 to make.
Adopting the charge characteristic of the method test gained light activated element identical with example 1, is charging polarity for just.Test result is as follows:
V
0:+695 volts
V
1:+670 volts
E
1/2: 2.0 Lux seconds
Example 15
Being coated onto on the aluminium sheet 5% methanol solution of a kind of solvable nylon (6-66-610-12 quadripolymer nylon) to form dry back thickness is 0.5 micron bottom.
Then, the pigment that 5 grams are expressed from the next mixes 20 hours to make mixed liquid with ball milling and 95 milliliter of four argon furans.
In addition, 5 above-mentioned No. 28 compound samples of gram and the 10 gram B-mode polycarbonate resins of bis-phenol (weight average molecular weight is 50000) are dissolved in 30 milliliters of monochloro-benzenes to obtain a kind of solution.Again this solution is added in the above-mentioned mixed liquid, mixes 2 hours with ball milling again, thereby make masking liquid.Adopting wiregrating that masking liquid is coated onto on the above-mentioned bottom, is 20 microns photosensitive layer to form dry back thickness, has so just made a kind of xerography light activated element.
The xerography characteristic that adopts the method identical to test this light activated element with example 1.Test result is as follows: V
0:-690 volts of V
1:-675 volts of E
1/2: 3.1 Lux seconds
Claims (14)
1, a kind of xerography light activated element comprises an electrically-conductive backing plate and the photosensitive layer that places on the substrate, and wherein photosensitive layer comprises the triarylamine compound by following general formula (I) expression:
Ar wherein
1And Ar
2Expression can have substituent phenyl ring, Ar respectively
1And Ar
2In at least one has electron donor's substituting group, R
1And R
2Represent hydrogen atom, alkyl or alkoxy respectively.
2, according to the light activated element of claim 1, wherein the triarylamine compound of being represented by (I) formula has 0.9 volt of following oxidizing potential.
3, according to the light activated element of claim 1, wherein the triarylamine compound of being represented by (I) formula has the oxidizing potential of 0.60-0.88 volt.
4, according to the light activated element of claim 1, the Ar of (I) formula wherein
1And Ar
2In at least one has electron donor's substituting group of selecting from alkyl, alkoxy and substituted-amino.
5, according to the light activated element of claim 1, wherein the triarylamine compound represented of (I) formula is a kind of compound of selecting by among following compounds (II), (III), (IV):
6, according to the light activated element of claim 1 or 5, wherein photosensitive layer has the rhythmo structure that is made of charge generation layer and charge-transport layer.
7, according to the light activated element of claim 6, it comprises an electrically-conductive backing plate, and charge generation layer and charge-transport layer are stacked on the substrate successively.
8, according to the light activated element of claim 6, it comprises an electrically-conductive backing plate, and charge-transport layer and charge generation layer are stacked on the substrate successively.
9, according to the light activated element of claim 6, wherein charge-transport layer comprises by formula (I), (II), (III) and a kind of compound of (IV) selecting and a kind of insulating polymer or organic photoconductive polymkeric substance.
10, according to the light activated element of claim 6, wherein charge-transport layer comprises a kind of compound of selecting by among formula (I), (II), (III), (IV), a kind of insulating polymer or organic photoconductive polymkeric substance, and by plastifier, surface lubricant, at least a composition of selecting in current potential stabilizing agent and the antioxidant.
11, according to the light activated element of claim 6, wherein charge generation layer comprises that organic charge produces material and a kind of insulating resin.
12, according to the light activated element of claim 11, wherein organic charge generation material is made of AZO pigments.
13, according to the light activated element of claim 1 or 5, wherein between electrically-conductive backing plate and photosensitive layer, further comprise a bottom.
14, according to the light activated element of claim 1 or 5, on photosensitive layer, further comprise a protective seam.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP330997/1988 | 1988-12-29 | ||
| JP63330997A JPH02178668A (en) | 1988-12-29 | 1988-12-29 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1044172A CN1044172A (en) | 1990-07-25 |
| CN1078714C true CN1078714C (en) | 2002-01-30 |
Family
ID=18238678
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN89109833A Expired - Fee Related CN1078714C (en) | 1988-12-29 | 1989-12-28 | Photosensitive member for electrophotography |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0376313B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH02178668A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR940003105B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1078714C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU604428B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2006857C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68925955D1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2641384B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2226653B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5393629A (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1995-02-28 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| US5495049A (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1996-02-27 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Triarylamine compounds useful in electrophotographic photoreceptors |
| TW382076B (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 2000-02-11 | Canon Kk | Electrophotographic photosensitive member and electrophotographic apparatus using same |
| JPH07233106A (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1995-09-05 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Production of monoiodinated aromatic compound |
| US5529868A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1996-06-25 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| US7138555B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2006-11-21 | Xerox Corporation | Process for preparing iodoaromatic compounds and using the same |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3277036D1 (en) * | 1981-04-22 | 1987-09-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Condensation polymeric photoconductors containing pendant arylamines, photoconductive compositions and electrophotographic elements containing these photoconductors |
| US4725518A (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1988-02-16 | Xerox Corporation | Electrophotographic imaging system comprising charge transporting aromatic amine compound and protonic acid or Lewis acid |
| JPH0823699B2 (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1996-03-06 | 三田工業株式会社 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| JPH0715583B2 (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1995-02-22 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| US4806444A (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1989-02-21 | Xerox Corporation | Arylamine polymers and systems utilizing arylamine polymers |
| JP2753582B2 (en) * | 1987-10-20 | 1998-05-20 | 株式会社リコー | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
| JP2742546B2 (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1998-04-22 | 株式会社リコー | Aminobiphenyl compound |
-
1988
- 1988-12-29 JP JP63330997A patent/JPH02178668A/en active Granted
-
1989
- 1989-12-21 AU AU47087/89A patent/AU604428B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-12-27 GB GB8929200A patent/GB2226653B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-28 FR FR8917356A patent/FR2641384B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-28 CA CA002006857A patent/CA2006857C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-28 CN CN89109833A patent/CN1078714C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-28 DE DE68925955T patent/DE68925955D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-28 EP EP89124081A patent/EP0376313B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-29 KR KR1019890020123A patent/KR940003105B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR900010481A (en) | 1990-07-07 |
| FR2641384A1 (en) | 1990-07-06 |
| DE68925955D1 (en) | 1996-04-18 |
| FR2641384B1 (en) | 1993-12-31 |
| CA2006857C (en) | 1995-10-24 |
| EP0376313A3 (en) | 1990-08-29 |
| JPH02178668A (en) | 1990-07-11 |
| CN1044172A (en) | 1990-07-25 |
| EP0376313A2 (en) | 1990-07-04 |
| GB8929200D0 (en) | 1990-02-28 |
| AU604428B2 (en) | 1990-12-13 |
| CA2006857A1 (en) | 1990-06-29 |
| GB2226653A (en) | 1990-07-04 |
| EP0376313B1 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
| AU4708789A (en) | 1990-07-19 |
| JPH0516019B2 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
| GB2226653B (en) | 1992-07-01 |
| KR940003105B1 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
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