CN107867857A - One kind oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

One kind oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107867857A
CN107867857A CN201711003466.7A CN201711003466A CN107867857A CN 107867857 A CN107867857 A CN 107867857A CN 201711003466 A CN201711003466 A CN 201711003466A CN 107867857 A CN107867857 A CN 107867857A
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layer
gradient
phase
cutter
gradient layer
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方媛
樊冬
朱建锋
赵婷
张佩
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

One kind oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter and preparation method thereof, using the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium as matrix phase, using nano aluminium oxide as particulates reinforcements, using h BN as solid lubrication phase, intermediate layer is the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of the yttrium containing nano alumina particles enhancing；Contain matrix phase, enhancing phase and solid lubrication phase in gradient layer, gradient layer is centered on intermediate layer, to two surfaces with symmetric form distribution gradient, both sides Thickness of Gradient Layer is equal, each side gradient layer gross thickness is 0.5~1.5mm, intermediate layer, gradient layer are successively laid in steel mold successively, and axial pressure carries out cold moudling and obtained through successively powdering, dry-pressing formed, hot pressed sintering；Oxidation zirconium base gradient self-lubricating ceramic cutter material prepared by the present invention can design the raising for effectively realizing cutter material anti-wear and wear-resistant performance by component structure, be opened up a new way for the structure design of zirconia ceramics cutter material.

Description

One kind oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic cutting tool material and preparation method thereof, more particularly to one kind stablizes cubic phase oxidation with yttrium Zirconium is matrix phase, using nano aluminium oxide as particulates reinforcements, one kind using h-BN as the gradient self-lubricating of solid lubrication phase Aoxidize zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Self-lubrication ceramic cutter, can under conditions of no additional lubricating fluid due to the friction-reducing and antiwear action of its own The friction, lubrication state being effectively improved during dry cutting, while reducing friction, reducing abrasion, caused by overcoming cutting fluid Environmental pollution, realize cleanly production.Application of the self-lubrication ceramic cutter in drying cutting is by domestic and international industry With the extensive concern of academia.
The realization of cutter material self-lubricating function mainly has three kinds of modes.(1) the self-lubricating knife based on friction chemical reaction Tool：Using friction chemical reaction of the cutter in the case where cutting high temperature action, there is lubrication in the generation of cutter material surface in situ Reaction film, so as to realize the self-lubricating of cutter；(2) self-lubricating coat in use cutter：By to cutter material carry out surface coating or Surface ion injects, and forms self-lubricating function surface；(3) self-lubricating knife tool of kollag is added：Made with kollag For cutter material additive, self-lubricating knife tool material is prepared.
The self-lubricating knife tool of addition kollag is to introduce into ceramic phase with low-friction coefficient, low sheraing, easily drag Deposited kollag.In working angles, kollag due to rubbed, extruded and high temperature action and separate out, drag deposited In cutter rake face, one layer of continuous lubricating film is formed, the sticking together phenomenon between cutter and chip can be significantly improved, realization was cut Effective antifriction of journey, extend cutting-tool's used life.And on the other hand, because kollag general strength, hardness are low, by it Dispersed precipitate can be while antifriction be realized in sintex so that the mechanical properties decrease of cutter, anti-wear performance reduce.Pottery Restrictive function between the antifriction performance and anti-wear performance of porcelain cutter limits the application of self-lubrication ceramic cutter.
The content of the invention
The defects of in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind to aoxidize zirconium base graded ceramicses knife Tool and preparation method thereof, using the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium as matrix phase, using nano aluminium oxide as particulates reinforcements, with h-BN As solid lubrication phase, solid lubrication is mutually distributed in symmetric form gradient in the material, is designed by the gradient layer structure of the present invention It can effectively improve the mechanical property of self-lubrication ceramic cutter while guarantee sintex excellent antifriction performance, extend cutter Service life.
To achieve the above objectives, specific technical scheme of the present invention is as follows：
One kind oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter, using the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium as matrix phase, made with nano aluminium oxide For particulates reinforcements, using h-BN as solid lubrication phase, obtained through successively powdering, dry-pressing formed, hot pressed sintering；Intermediate layer be containing The stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium for having nano alumina particles to strengthen, thickness are 1~3mm, aluminum oxide and the stable Tetragonal oxygen of yttrium The volume ratio for changing zirconium is 1：(2.33-19)；Gradient layer is centered on intermediate layer, to two surfaces with symmetric form distribution gradient, Both sides Thickness of Gradient Layer is equal, and each side gradient layer gross thickness is 0.5~1.5mm, and solid lubrication phase h-BN's contains in each gradient layer Amount follows the following regularity of distribution：
F (x)=(x/n)p×f(s)
In formula, f (x) represents the content of solid lubrication phase h-BN in each gradient layer；X is represented from intermediate layer to superficial layer gradient Count layer by layer, be 1~n；N represents that from intermediate layer to each side gradient layer total number of plies of superficial layer scope is at 3~11 layers；P refers to for gradient Number, determine solid lubrication mutually in the distribution mode of gradient layer；F (s) represents two superficial layer solid lubrication phase h-BN content, model It is trapped among 5~20vol%；
The content ratio of aluminum oxide and the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium is consistent with intermediate layer in each gradient layer, i.e., each In gradient layer, the volume ratio of aluminum oxide and the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium is 1：(2.33-19).
It is as follows based on a kind of above-mentioned preparation method for aoxidizing zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter, step：
Step 1: according to gained intermediate layer and each gradient layer material composition proportioning weighing raw material is calculated in formula, by original Material is scattered in anhydrous ethanol medium, then the mixing and ball milling 24h in corundum tank；It is placed in drying box, will at 80~90 DEG C Well mixed slurry is dried；Powder is sieved, obtains mixed powder；
Step 2: well mixed powder is successively laid on steel successively according to intermediate layer, gradient layer lubrication distributed mutually mode In mould, axial pressure carries out cold moudling, and cold pressing pressure is 150~180MPa, 5~8 minutes dwell times, after pressurize terminates Slow release, the demoulding obtain biscuit；
Step 3: biscuit is transferred in graphite jig, it is placed in vacuum sintering funace and carries out hot pressed sintering, sintering temperature Spend for 1350~1450 DEG C, vacuum is 1~3 × 10-2Pa, sintering time 1.5~2 hours, and list is carried out using 20~30MPa Axle presses, then furnace cooling, the room temperature demoulding, obtains aoxidizing zirconium base gradient self-lubricating ceramic cutter material.
It is a feature of the present invention that the antifriction performance for the sintex that sheet h-BN introducing improves, simultaneously as layer The structure design of shape-gradient improves the bending strength and fracture toughness of sintex, can effectively extend making for cutter material Use the life-span.
It is an advantage of the current invention that in working angles, kollag h-BN is due to being rubbed, being extruded and high temperature is made With and separate out, drag and spread on cutter rake face, formed one layer of continuous lubricating film, can be achieved working angles effective antifriction, extend Cutting-tool's used life.Meanwhile designed by the gradient-structure of the present invention, can effectively be solved in terms of two due to solid lubrication The problem of material mechanical performance that the introducing of agent is brought reduces.On the one hand, the yttrium of intermediate layer aluminum oxide nanoparticle enhancing is stable Tetragonal phase zirconium oxide plays mechanics of materials carrying, and t phases occur in material stress destruction for the wherein stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium To m phase in version, phase transition process volumetric expansion plays toughening effect to material.And the addition of nano-second-phase addition alumina particle has Effect prevents the fast growth of matrix ceramic phase crystal grain in sintering process, serves effectively to improve Mechanical Properties of Ceramics. On the other hand, the distribution mode that solid lubrication mutually gradually increases from inside to outside, the difference of adjacent interlayer constituent content is effectively reduced, So that interface layer compatibility improves, greatly reduce in cooling procedure is sintered, because the difference of interlayer thermal coefficient of expansion produces Residual stress.The kollag h-BN that the present invention uses has less thermal coefficient of expansion, from intermediate layer of material to both sides H-BN contents are gradually reduced, and thermal coefficient of expansion is gradually reduced in gradient layer, and superficial layer has minimum coefficient of thermal expansion, and material is through burning Because thermal expansion mismatch in material surface produces residual compressive stress after knot, the presence of compression can further improve ceramic material Mechanical property and anti-wear performance.
Oxidation zirconium base gradient self-lubricating ceramic cutter material prepared by the present invention can be effectively real by component-structure design The raising of existing cutter material anti-wear and wear-resistant performance, a new way is opened for the structure design of zirconia ceramics cutter material Footpath.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present invention oxidation zirconium base gradient self-lubricating sintex.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment one：
Reference picture 1, a kind of oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter of this implementation, the yttrium of intermediate layer aluminum oxide nanoparticle enhancing are steady Determine tetragonal phase zirconium oxide, form as Al2O315vol%, 3Y-TZP 85vol%, intermediate layer thickness 2mm.Gradient index is 1. The gradient number of plies is 5.Each gradient layer component and Thickness of Gradient Layer are as shown in the table：
The preparation method of the present embodiment, step are as follows：
Step 1: according to gained intermediate layer and each gradient layer material composition proportioning weighing raw material is calculated in formula, by original Material is scattered in anhydrous ethanol medium, then the mixing and ball milling 24h in corundum tank；It is placed in drying box, will at 80~90 DEG C Well mixed slurry is dried；Powder is sieved, obtains mixed powder；
Step 2: well mixed powder is successively laid on steel successively according to intermediate layer, gradient layer lubrication distributed mutually mode In mould, ply stacking-sequence is：Layer 5- layer 4- layer 3- layer 2- layers 1- intermediate layers-layer 1- layer 2- layer 3- layer 4- layers 5, axial pressure are carried out Cold moudling, cold pressing pressure are 150~180MPa, and 5~8 minutes dwell times, pressurize terminates rear slow release, is stripped and obtains element Base；
Step 3: biscuit is transferred in graphite jig, it is placed in vacuum sintering funace and carries out hot pressed sintering, sintering temperature Spend for 1350~1450 DEG C, vacuum is 1~3 × 10-2Pa, sintering time 1.5~2 hours, and list is carried out using 20~30MPa Axle presses, then furnace cooling, the room temperature demoulding, obtains aoxidizing zirconium base gradient self-lubricating ceramic cutter material.
Material property analysis obtained by the present embodiment：The total layer of oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter prepared by said process Number is 11 layers, and lubrication phase content gradually increases from intermediate layer to superficial layer in the gradient layer of both sides, and material surface solid lubrication mutually contains Measure as 20vol%, therefore material has more excellent antifriction performance.The gradient distribution mode of lubrication phase is advantageous to improve cutter The mechanical property of material, the oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter material bending strength for measuring the preparation of the present embodiment method are 639MPa。
Embodiment two：
A kind of oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter of this implementation, the stable Tetragonal of yttrium of intermediate layer aluminum oxide nanoparticle enhancing Zirconium oxide, form as Al2O315vol%, 3Y-TZP 85vol%, intermediate layer thickness 2mm.Gradient index is 2.The gradient number of plies For 5.Each gradient layer component and Thickness of Gradient Layer are as shown in the table：
The preparation method of the present embodiment, step are as follows：
Step 1: according to gained intermediate layer and each gradient layer material composition proportioning weighing raw material is calculated in formula, by original Material is scattered in anhydrous ethanol medium, then the mixing and ball milling 24h in corundum tank；It is placed in drying box, will at 80~90 DEG C Well mixed slurry is dried；Powder is sieved, obtains mixed powder；
Step 2: well mixed powder is successively laid on steel successively according to intermediate layer, gradient layer lubrication distributed mutually mode In mould, ply stacking-sequence is：Layer 5- layer 4- layer 3- layer 2- layers 1- intermediate layers-layer 1- layer 2- layer 3- layer 4- layers 5., axial pressure enters Row cold moudling, cold pressing pressure are 150~180MPa, and 5~8 minutes dwell times, pressurize terminates rear slow release, and the demoulding obtains Biscuit；
Step 3: biscuit is transferred in graphite jig, it is placed in vacuum sintering funace and carries out hot pressed sintering, sintering temperature Spend for 1350~1450 DEG C, vacuum is 1~3 × 10-2Pa, sintering time 1.5~2 hours, and list is carried out using 20~30MPa Axle presses, then furnace cooling, the room temperature demoulding, obtains aoxidizing zirconium base gradient self-lubricating ceramic cutter material.
Material property analysis obtained by the present embodiment：The total layer of oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter prepared by said process Number is 11 layers, and lubrication phase content gradually increases from intermediate layer to superficial layer in the gradient layer of both sides, and material surface solid lubrication mutually contains Measure as 20vol%, therefore material has more excellent antifriction performance.By adjusting gradient index, lubrication can be changed and mutually existed Distribution mode in gradient layer, and then material internal residual stress size is adjusted, be advantageous to improve the mechanical property of cutter material, The oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter material bending strength for measuring the preparation of the present embodiment method is 686MPa.
Embodiment three：
A kind of oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter of this implementation, the stable Tetragonal of yttrium of intermediate layer aluminum oxide nanoparticle enhancing Zirconium oxide, form as Al2O315vol%, 3Y-TZP 85vol%, intermediate layer thickness 2mm.Gradient index is 1.The gradient number of plies For 7.Each gradient layer component and Thickness of Gradient Layer are as shown in the table：
The preparation method of the present embodiment, step are as follows：
Step 1: according to gained intermediate layer and each gradient layer material composition proportioning weighing raw material is calculated in formula, by original Material is scattered in anhydrous ethanol medium, then the mixing and ball milling 24h in corundum tank；It is placed in drying box, will at 80~90 DEG C Well mixed slurry is dried；Powder is sieved, obtains mixed powder；
Step 2: well mixed powder is successively laid on steel successively according to intermediate layer, gradient layer lubrication distributed mutually mode In mould, ply stacking-sequence is：Layer 7- layer 6- layer 5- layer 4- layer 3- layer 2- layers 1- intermediate layers -5 layers of 6- of layer 1- layer 2- layer 3- layer 4- layers Layer 7, axial pressure carry out cold moudling, and cold pressing pressure is 150~180MPa, and 5~8 minutes dwell times, pressurize is delayed after terminating Slow release, the demoulding obtain biscuit；
Step 3: biscuit is transferred in graphite jig, it is placed in vacuum sintering funace and carries out hot pressed sintering, sintering temperature Spend for 1350~1450 DEG C, vacuum is 1~3 × 10-2Pa, sintering time 1.5~2 hours, and list is carried out using 20~30MPa Axle presses, then furnace cooling, the room temperature demoulding, obtains aoxidizing zirconium base gradient self-lubricating ceramic cutter material.
Material property analysis obtained by the present embodiment：The total layer of oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter prepared by said process Number is 15 layers, and lubrication phase content gradually increases from intermediate layer to superficial layer in the gradient layer of both sides, and material surface solid lubrication mutually contains Measure as 20vol%, therefore material has more excellent antifriction performance.The increase of the gradient number of plies is advantageous to reduce interlayer thermal expansion The difference of coefficient, and then reduce material internal residual stress, be advantageous to improve the mechanical property of cutter material, measure the present embodiment Oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter material bending strength prepared by method is 723MPa.

Claims (2)

1. one kind oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter, it is characterised in that using the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium as matrix phase, with nanometer Aluminum oxide, using h-BN as solid lubrication phase, obtains as particulates reinforcements through successively powdering, dry-pressing formed, hot pressed sintering；In Interbed is the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of the yttrium containing nano alumina particles enhancing, and thickness is 1~3mm, and aluminum oxide is stable with yttrium The volume ratio of tetragonal phase zirconium oxide is 1：(2.33-19)；Gradient layer is centered on intermediate layer, to two surfaces with symmetric form in ladder Degree distribution, both sides Thickness of Gradient Layer is equal, and each side gradient layer gross thickness is 0.5~1.5mm, solid lubrication phase h- in each gradient layer BN content follows the following regularity of distribution：
F (x)=(x/n)p×f(s)
In formula, f (x) represents the content of solid lubrication phase h-BN in each gradient layer；X is represented from intermediate layer to superficial layer gradient layer by layer Number, is 1~n；N represents that from intermediate layer to each side gradient layer total number of plies of superficial layer scope is at 3~11 layers；P is gradient index, certainly Fixed solid lubrication is mutually in the distribution mode of gradient layer；F (s) represents two superficial layer solid lubrication phase h-BN content, and scope is 5 ~20vol%；
The content ratio of aluminum oxide and the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium is consistent with intermediate layer in each gradient layer, i.e., in each gradient In layer, the volume ratio of aluminum oxide and the stable tetragonal phase zirconium oxide of yttrium is 1：(2.33-19).
It is 2. as follows based on a kind of preparation method of oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter described in claim 1, step：
Step 1: according to gained intermediate layer and each gradient layer material composition proportioning weighing raw material is calculated in formula, by raw material point Dissipate in anhydrous ethanol medium, then the mixing and ball milling 24h in corundum tank；It is placed in drying box, will mixing at 80~90 DEG C Uniform slurry is dried；Powder is sieved, obtains mixed powder；
Step 2: well mixed powder is successively laid on steel mold successively according to intermediate layer, gradient layer lubrication distributed mutually mode In, axial pressure carries out cold moudling, and cold pressing pressure is 150~180MPa, and 5~8 minutes dwell times, pressurize is slow after terminating Release, the demoulding obtain biscuit；
Step 3: biscuit is transferred in graphite jig, it is placed in vacuum sintering funace and carries out hot pressed sintering, sintering temperature is 1350~1450 DEG C, vacuum is 1~3 × 10-2Pa, sintering time 1.5~2 hours, and single shaft is carried out using 20~30MPa and applied Pressure, then furnace cooling, the room temperature demoulding, obtain aoxidizing zirconium base gradient self-lubricating ceramic cutter material.
CN201711003466.7A 2017-10-24 2017-10-24 One kind oxidation zirconium base graded ceramicses cutter and preparation method thereof Pending CN107867857A (en)

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CN109290854A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-02-01 广东工业大学 The application of zirconia ceramics solid tool and preparation method thereof and cutter in graphite
CN112225558A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-01-15 郑州方铭高温陶瓷新材料有限公司 Gradient composite technology ceramic tile for glass kiln field and preparation method thereof
CN112358905A (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-12 扬州工业职业技术学院 Ternary boride solid lubrication gradient coating and preparation method thereof
CN113601693A (en) * 2021-10-11 2021-11-05 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 Process technology for preparing strengthened and toughened rock plate by layering distribution

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CN109290854A (en) * 2018-09-26 2019-02-01 广东工业大学 The application of zirconia ceramics solid tool and preparation method thereof and cutter in graphite
CN112225558A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-01-15 郑州方铭高温陶瓷新材料有限公司 Gradient composite technology ceramic tile for glass kiln field and preparation method thereof
CN112358905A (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-12 扬州工业职业技术学院 Ternary boride solid lubrication gradient coating and preparation method thereof
CN112358905B (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-27 扬州工业职业技术学院 Ternary boride solid lubrication gradient coating and preparation method thereof
CN113601693A (en) * 2021-10-11 2021-11-05 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 Process technology for preparing strengthened and toughened rock plate by layering distribution

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