CN107866608A - A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device - Google Patents

A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107866608A
CN107866608A CN201710955548.5A CN201710955548A CN107866608A CN 107866608 A CN107866608 A CN 107866608A CN 201710955548 A CN201710955548 A CN 201710955548A CN 107866608 A CN107866608 A CN 107866608A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
sheet metal
deburring device
transmission belt
rotary shaft
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201710955548.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李晨明
刘彬
罗赚
张文彬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foshan Haigelide Robot Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Foshan Haigelide Robot Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foshan Haigelide Robot Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd filed Critical Foshan Haigelide Robot Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd
Priority to CN201710955548.5A priority Critical patent/CN107866608A/en
Publication of CN107866608A publication Critical patent/CN107866608A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D79/00Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device, including work pallet, transmission belt, cylinder, ball-screw, slipmat, support bar and sheet metal deburring device, the work pallet are arranged on the surface of transmission belt.The present invention passes through transmission belt, cylinder, slipmat, the setting of support bar and sheet metal deburring device, be advantageous to rolling and remove flash removed, upset of the sheet material in roller, it is mobile, making to be stuck in the material in sieve aperture can be ejected, it is unlikely to deform, ductility is higher during rupture, so that impact resistance is obvious, improve operating efficiency, go flash removed efficiency high, cost is low, it is simple and practical, improve intelligence degree, with preferable electrical insulating property and corrosion-resistant, strengthen sheet material transmission, ageing-resistant performance is strong, improve operating efficiency, so as to consummating function diversity, reach best use effect.

Description

A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device
Technical field
The invention belongs to sheet metal flash removed processing equipment field, more particularly to a kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal to remove Burr equipment.
Background technology
Now, almost all of metal manufacturing can all be used to sheet metal and processed, so as to which sheet metal processing is for I Live in essential industry.In recent years, the growth momentum of sheet metal industry is very swift and violent, the status occupied in the market It is also more and more important with component, huge economic interests are not only brought to our enterprise, also to our residents production and Life brings facility.
Magnetic force flash trimmer is a kind of new intermetallic composite coating burr removing method, is carried out in the technology of traditional flash trimmer Reform and innovation, the defects of accurate place such as accurate hardware workpiece male and fomale(M&F), tiny crack, dead angle is not handled is complemented, is being gone The effect of cleaning polishing is may also reach up while flash removed.Existing fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device there is The problem of operating efficiency is low, goes flash removed efficiency low, complicated, and cost is high, and intelligence degree is low.
Therefore, invent a kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device and seem very necessary.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device, with solve it is existing it is complete from Dynamic SMART METALS sheet material deburring device is low there is operating efficiency, goes flash removed efficiency low, complicated, and cost is high, intelligence The problem of change degree is low.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device.Including work pallet, transmission belt, cylinder, ball-screw, anti-skidding Pad, support bar and sheet metal deburring device, the work pallet are arranged on the surface of transmission belt, and the cylinder is arranged on rolling The top of ballscrew, the slipmat are arranged on the bottom of support bar, and the sheet metal deburring device is arranged on transmission belt Bottom, the sheet metal deburring device includes roller, rotary shaft, motor, connecting rod, air pump, burr impurity groove and solid Determine block, the roller is arranged on the inside of rotary shaft, and the motor is arranged on the right side of connecting rod, and the air pump is arranged on burr The right side of impurity groove, the fixed block are arranged on the both ends of rotary shaft.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the roller is used cooperatively with rotary shaft, and the roller is arranged on The inside of rotary shaft, the roller specifically use horizontal type drum screen, are advantageous to rolling and go flash removed, sheet material turning in roller Turn, mobile, making to be stuck in the material in sieve aperture can be ejected, and be unlikely to deform, and ductility is higher during rupture, fixed, removes defeathering Efficiency high is pierced, strengthens resistance to acids and bases so that impact resistance is obvious, so as to improve work diversity.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the roller is used cooperatively with rotary shaft, and the cylindrical outer is set There is high density burr brush, the roller is in cylinder.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the rotary shaft is used cooperatively with motor, outside the rotary shaft Provided with geometrical clamp, the rotary shaft is rounded, and the rotary shaft is arranged on the both ends of roller, and the rotary shaft is specifically using stainless Steel shaft is held, and is advantageous to the dynamic rotation of axle, and VFC pushes to liquid auger, left and right in case, improves salt resistance, anti acid alkali performance, Product structure and manufacturing process are fairly simple, and cost is relatively low, convenient and practical so that anticorrosion effect is stronger, so as to improve work Diversity.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the motor is used cooperatively with transmission belt, and the motor internal is set There is motor, the motor is square, and the motor is arranged on the right side of connecting rod, and the motor specifically uses direct current generator, Be advantageous to reliability height, position sensor signal can be produced at defined location, go to control work(after signaling conversion circuit is handled Rate on-off circuit, winding current switching, non-commutation spark are carried out by certain logical relation, and with preferable modulability and dissipated It is hot, strengthen electrical insulating property, electrochemical corrosion is prevented, to intelligence degree, so as to improve work diversity.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the connecting rod is used cooperatively with rotary shaft, the connecting rod two End is provided with fixed screw, and the connecting rod is elongated, and the connecting rod is arranged on the left side of motor, and the connecting rod is specifically adopted With stainless steel component, be advantageous to securely and reliably, chemical mediator corrosion can be resisted, convenient and practical, enhancing cutting stability so that Atmospheric corrosiveness is resisted, reaches best use effect.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the transmission belt and motor are used cooperatively, the transmission belt surface Provided with antiskid particles, the transmission belt is elongated, and the transmission belt is arranged on the surface of work pallet, and the transmission belt is specific Using a drag conveyor, be advantageous to facilitate transmission material, using the rotary motion or reciprocating motion of working component, be applicable model Enclose extensively, conveying capacity is big, and the intensity of haulage chain is high, can be used as long distance delivery, operates steadily reliable, enhancing sheet material transmission, has There are preferable skid resistance and transporting, so as to improve work diversity.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the slipmat is used cooperatively with support bar, the slipmat table Face is provided with preservative, and the slipmat is elongated, and the slipmat is arranged on the bottom of support bar, and the slipmat is specifically adopted With polyurethane PU components, be advantageous to equipment skid resistance, there is good electrical insulation capability, prevent chemical mediator from corroding, enhancing is set Standby stability so that resistance atmospheric corrosiveness, reach best use effect.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
The present invention is advantageous to roll by the setting of transmission belt, cylinder, slipmat, support bar and sheet metal deburring device Flash removed is removed, upset of the sheet material in roller, mobile, making to be stuck in the material in sieve aperture can be ejected, and be unlikely to deform, and rupture time delay Degree of stretching is higher so that impact resistance is obvious, improves operating efficiency, goes flash removed efficiency high, cost is low, simple and practical, carries High-intelligentization degree, there is preferable electrical insulating property and corrosion-resistant, enhancing sheet material transmission, ageing-resistant performance is strong, improves work effect Rate, so as to consummating function diversity, reach best use effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sheet metal deburring device structural representation of the present invention.
In figure:
1st, work pallet, and 2, transmission belt, 3, cylinder, 4, ball-screw, 5, slipmat, 6, support bar, 7, sheet metal flash removed Device, 71, roller, 72, rotary shaft, 73, motor, 74, connecting rod, 75, air pump, 76, burr impurity groove, 77, fixed block.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2
The present invention provides a kind of technical scheme:A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device, including work pallet 1, biography Defeated band 2, cylinder 3, ball-screw 4, slipmat 5, support bar 6 and sheet metal deburring device 7, the work pallet 1 are set On the surface of transmission belt 2, the cylinder 3 is arranged on the top of ball-screw 4, and the slipmat 5 is arranged on the bottom of support bar 6 Portion, the sheet metal deburring device 7 are arranged on the bottom of transmission belt 2, and the sheet metal deburring device 7 includes roller 71st, rotary shaft 72, motor 73, connecting rod 74, air pump 75, burr impurity groove 76 and fixed block 77, the roller 71 are arranged on rotation The inside of rotating shaft 72, the motor 73 are arranged on the right side of connecting rod 74, and the air pump 75 is arranged on the right side of burr impurity groove 76 Side, the fixed block 77 are arranged on the both ends of rotary shaft 72.
The roller 71 is used cooperatively with rotary shaft 72, and the outside of roller 71 is provided with high density burr brush, the roller 71 are arranged on the inside of rotary shaft 72 in cylinder, the roller 71, and the roller 71 specifically uses horizontal type drum screen, favorably Flash removed is removed in rolling, upset of the sheet material in roller, mobile, making to be stuck in the material in sieve aperture can be ejected, and be unlikely to deform, and break Ductility is higher when splitting, fixed, goes flash removed efficiency high, strengthens resistance to acids and bases so that impact resistance is obvious, so as to improve Work diversity.
The rotary shaft 72 is used cooperatively with motor 73, and the outside of rotary shaft 72 is provided with geometrical clamp, the rotary shaft 72 Rounded, the rotary shaft 72 is arranged on the both ends of roller 71, and the rotary shaft 72 specifically uses stainless steel bearing, is advantageous to axle Dynamic rotation, VFC improve salt resistance, anti acid alkali performance, product structure and manufacture work to liquid auger, left and right push in case Skill is fairly simple, and cost is relatively low, convenient and practical so that anticorrosion effect is stronger, so as to improve work diversity.
The motor 73 is used cooperatively with transmission belt 2, and the inside of motor 73 is provided with motor, and the motor 73 is in pros Shape, the motor 73 are arranged on the right side of connecting rod 74, and the motor 73 specifically uses direct current generator, are advantageous to reliability height, Position sensor signal can be produced at defined location, goes to control power switch circuit after signaling conversion circuit is handled, by one Fixed logical relation carries out winding current switching, non-commutation spark, and has preferable modulability and thermal diffusivity, enhancing electric insulation Property, electrochemical corrosion is prevented, to intelligence degree, so as to improve work diversity.
The connecting rod 74 is used cooperatively with rotary shaft 72, and the both ends of connecting rod 74 are provided with fixed screw, the connection Bar 74 is elongated, and the connecting rod 74 is arranged on the left side of motor 73, and the connecting rod 74 specifically uses stainless steel component, Be advantageous to securely and reliably, chemical mediator corrosion can be resisted, convenient and practical, enhancing cutting stability so that resistance atmospheric corrosiveness, Reach best use effect.
The transmission belt 2 and motor 73 are used cooperatively, and the surface of transmission belt 2 is provided with antiskid particles, and the transmission belt 2 is in Strip, the transmission belt 2 are arranged on the surface of work pallet 1, and the transmission belt 2 specifically uses a drag conveyor, had Beneficial to transmission material is facilitated, using the rotary motion or reciprocating motion of working component, applied widely, conveying capacity is big, traction The intensity of chain is high, can be used as long distance delivery, operates steadily reliable, enhancing sheet material transmission, has preferable skid resistance and transmission Property, so as to improve work diversity.
The slipmat 5 is used cooperatively with support bar 6, and the surface of slipmat 5 is provided with preservative, and the slipmat 5 is in Strip, the slipmat 5 are arranged on the bottom of support bar 6, and the slipmat 5 specifically uses polyurethane PU components, is advantageous to Equipment skid resistance, there is good electrical insulation capability, prevent chemical mediator from corroding, strengthen stabilization of equipment performance so that resistance air Corrosivity, reach best use effect.
Operation principle:
During the present invention work flash removed is removed using roller 71 and rotary shaft 72 with the use of rolling, upset of the sheet material in roller, Mobile, making to be stuck in the material in sieve aperture can be ejected, in rotary shaft 72 and motor 73 with the use of the dynamic rotation of axle so that corrosion-resistant Effect is stronger, high with the use of reliability using motor 73 and transmission belt 2, and position sensing letter can be produced at defined location Number, go to control power switch circuit after signaling conversion circuit is handled, winding current switching is carried out by certain logical relation, Connecting rod 74 is corroded with rotary shaft 72 with the use of anti-chemical mediator, convenient and practical, enhancing cutting stability, utilizes transmission belt 2 It is used cooperatively with motor 73 and facilitates transmission material, applied widely using the rotary motion or reciprocating motion of working component, conveying Ability is big, and the intensity of haulage chain is high, can be used as long distance delivery, operates steadily reliable, coordinating in slipmat 5 with support bar 6 makes With lower further anti-sliding stop, equipment skid resistance, there is good electrical insulation capability, operating efficiency is improved, goes flash removed efficiency Height, cost is low, simple and practical, improves intelligence degree, has preferable electrical insulating property and corrosion-resistant, enhancing sheet material biography Defeated, ageing-resistant performance is strong, simple and practical, and adaptability is wider, so as to improve operating efficiency, consummating function diversity.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with A variety of changes, modification can be carried out to these embodiments, replace without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device, it is characterised in that:The fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal flash removed Equipment includes work pallet(1), transmission belt(2), cylinder(3), ball-screw(4), slipmat(5), support bar(6)And metallic plate Material deburring device(7), the work pallet(1)It is arranged on transmission belt(2)Surface, the cylinder(3)It is arranged on ball wire Thick stick(4)Top, the slipmat(5)It is arranged on support bar(6)Bottom, the sheet metal deburring device(7)Set In transmission belt(2)Bottom, the sheet metal deburring device(7)Including roller(71), rotary shaft(72), motor(73)、 Connecting rod(74), air pump(75), burr impurity groove(76)And fixed block(77), the roller(71)It is arranged on rotary shaft(72)'s Inside, the motor(73)It is arranged on connecting rod(74)Right side, the air pump(75)It is arranged on burr impurity groove(76)The right side Side, the fixed block(77)It is arranged on rotary shaft(72)Both ends.
  2. A kind of 2. fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rolling Cylinder(71)It is arranged on rotary shaft(72)Inside, the roller(71)Specifically use horizontal type drum screen.
  3. A kind of 3. fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rolling Cylinder(71)With rotary shaft(72)It is used cooperatively, the roller(71)Outside is provided with high density burr brush, the roller(71)In circle Cylindricality.
  4. A kind of 4. fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rotation Rotating shaft(72)With motor(73)It is used cooperatively, the rotary shaft(72)Outside is provided with geometrical clamp, the rotary shaft(72)It is rounded, The rotary shaft(72)It is arranged on roller(71)Both ends, the rotary shaft(72)Specifically use stainless steel bearing.
  5. A kind of 5. fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The electricity Machine(73)With transmission belt(2)It is used cooperatively, the motor(73)Inside is provided with motor, the motor(73)It is square, it is described Motor(73)It is arranged on connecting rod(74)Right side, the motor(73)Specifically use direct current generator.
  6. A kind of 6. fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The company Extension bar(74)With rotary shaft(72)It is used cooperatively, the connecting rod(74)Both ends are provided with fixed screw, the connecting rod(74)It is in Strip, the connecting rod(74)It is arranged on motor(73)Left side, the connecting rod(74)Specifically use stainless steel component.
  7. A kind of 7. fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The biography Defeated band(2)And motor(73)It is used cooperatively, the transmission belt(2)Surface is provided with antiskid particles, the transmission belt(2)In strip Shape, the transmission belt(2)It is arranged on work pallet(1)Surface, the transmission belt(2)Specifically use a drag conveyor.
  8. A kind of 8. fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described anti- Skidding(5)With support bar(6)It is used cooperatively, the slipmat(5)Surface is provided with preservative, the slipmat(5)It is elongated, The slipmat(5)It is arranged on support bar(6)Bottom, the slipmat(5)Specifically use polyurethane PU components.
CN201710955548.5A 2017-10-14 2017-10-14 A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device Withdrawn CN107866608A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710955548.5A CN107866608A (en) 2017-10-14 2017-10-14 A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710955548.5A CN107866608A (en) 2017-10-14 2017-10-14 A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107866608A true CN107866608A (en) 2018-04-03

Family

ID=61752829

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710955548.5A Withdrawn CN107866608A (en) 2017-10-14 2017-10-14 A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107866608A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109773619A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-05-21 苏州聚慧体育用品有限公司 A kind of full-automatic table tennis flash removal device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924914A (en) * 1957-12-23 1960-02-16 Ernest H Garwood Deburring and polishing barrel
JP2003094316A (en) * 2001-09-20 2003-04-03 Seo Koatsu Kogyo Kk Deburring device for pipe with multiple perforated holes
CN201410638Y (en) * 2009-04-23 2010-02-24 王先登 Mechanized deburring machine
CN203228102U (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-10-09 章方军 Rust removing and polishing device
CN104924171A (en) * 2015-06-16 2015-09-23 安庆市华鑫重工股份有限公司 Strip-shaped plate edge grinding machine
CN205271684U (en) * 2015-11-03 2016-06-01 重庆锐佳机械有限公司 Drum -type burr -grinding machine
CN205888780U (en) * 2016-03-08 2017-01-18 湖南金裕环保科技有限公司 Steel sheet removes to sting polisher with top layer

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924914A (en) * 1957-12-23 1960-02-16 Ernest H Garwood Deburring and polishing barrel
JP2003094316A (en) * 2001-09-20 2003-04-03 Seo Koatsu Kogyo Kk Deburring device for pipe with multiple perforated holes
CN201410638Y (en) * 2009-04-23 2010-02-24 王先登 Mechanized deburring machine
CN203228102U (en) * 2013-03-14 2013-10-09 章方军 Rust removing and polishing device
CN104924171A (en) * 2015-06-16 2015-09-23 安庆市华鑫重工股份有限公司 Strip-shaped plate edge grinding machine
CN205271684U (en) * 2015-11-03 2016-06-01 重庆锐佳机械有限公司 Drum -type burr -grinding machine
CN205888780U (en) * 2016-03-08 2017-01-18 湖南金裕环保科技有限公司 Steel sheet removes to sting polisher with top layer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109773619A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-05-21 苏州聚慧体育用品有限公司 A kind of full-automatic table tennis flash removal device
CN109773619B (en) * 2019-03-28 2024-02-06 苏州聚慧体育用品有限公司 Full-automatic table tennis burr remove device

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107866608A (en) A kind of fully-automatic intelligent sheet metal deburring device
CN206825539U (en) It is a kind of that there is the pvc pipe saw cutting device for gripping function
CN205059295U (en) Electric installation is got to high -speed railway
CN204752875U (en) Zinc electrodeposition aluminium negative plate
CN204545251U (en) A kind of automatic cutter cut for special cable
CN201702129U (en) Lead-acid battery panel grid tab flusher
CN215879345U (en) Straightening machine with high safety performance for steel bar production
CN102513443A (en) Method for processing punched grids of lead-acid accumulators
CN201986655U (en) Yellow peach cleaning machine
CN207058664U (en) A kind of marine product cutting equipment
CN204568810U (en) A kind of novel upper bottle equipment
CN108188869A (en) A kind of guide rod grinding apparatus and its control method
CN203403156U (en) Tin bronze belt aftertreatment device
CN204577539U (en) A kind of battery diaphragm separator
CN103413991B (en) A kind of method utilizing useless pole piece to manufacture lithium ion battery
CN107379048A (en) A kind of marine product cutting equipment
CN202455018U (en) Rotation type deicing mechanism of deicing robot for high-tension transmission line
CN208359169U (en) A kind of plastic cement processing pelleter
CN107705936A (en) A kind of waste and old cable facility for granulating of environmental protection and energy saving
CN204905635U (en) Slide -wire removes tumour instrument
CN204479619U (en) Live working tools Insulation monitoring electrode special
CN204587921U (en) A kind of contact rod feedway with contact rod clearing function
CN217888822U (en) High-efficient cleaning equipment of aluminium book
CN205629549U (en) Be used for cleaing away and scribble tin copper strips burr device
CN103540956A (en) Wet separation technology for waste copper-tin alloy fitting soldering flakes

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20180403

WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication