CN107864001B - Low-complexity antenna selection method - Google Patents

Low-complexity antenna selection method Download PDF

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CN107864001B
CN107864001B CN201711001190.9A CN201711001190A CN107864001B CN 107864001 B CN107864001 B CN 107864001B CN 201711001190 A CN201711001190 A CN 201711001190A CN 107864001 B CN107864001 B CN 107864001B
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matrix
antenna
receiving
antennas
antenna selection
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张沛昌
黄磊
孙维泽
何春龙
李强
黄敏
王一波
杨丽鲜
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Shenzhen University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0602—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching
    • H04B7/0608—Antenna selection according to transmission parameters
    • H04B7/061—Antenna selection according to transmission parameters using feedback from receiving side
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a low-complexity antenna selection method. The invention only needs to traverse the selective combination of the receiving end antennas, namely to carry out
Figure DDA0001443417130000011
The secondary traversal search greatly reduces the search times, improves the search speed, and greatly reduces the complexity of the whole system search under the condition that the difference between the number of the receiving end antennas and the number of the radio frequency channels of the receiving end is not large. And the criterion of antenna selection in the invention is based on obtaining the channel gain of the wireless channel as large as possible, therefore, the selected antenna combination can obtain better channel gain, thereby ensuring the transmission reliability of the wireless communication system. In addition, the invention can self-adaptively select the better antenna selection combination according to the channel matrix of the wireless channel, and can obtain larger system capacity.

Description

Low-complexity antenna selection method
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a low-complexity antenna selection method.
Background
In the field of mobile communications, MIMO communication systems are widely used which transmit and receive signals by multiple antennas with high frequency utilization and high communication quality. In the prior art, actual physical antennas are connected to radio frequency channels, and for cost reasons, the number of radio frequency channels is generally less than or equal to the actual number of physical antennas. For the scenario that the number of radio frequency channels is less than the number of physical antennas, a scheme for antenna selection needs to be designed to complete mapping from the radio frequency channels to the actual antennas. In the prior art, better performance is obtained by increasing the number of physical antennas, however, since the cost of the rf channel module is high and is limited by the standard constraints of the communication system, when the number of physical antennas is large, the number of rf channels cannot be in one-to-one correspondence with the physical antennas and is less than the number of physical antennas. Therefore, when the number of the physical antennas is large, the antenna selection module is added in the radio frequency module to map the radio frequency channel with the physical antennas.
The solution is to adopt antenna selection at the transmitting end and the receiving end, and utilize partial antennas to achieve the optimal performance according to the channel information. When the number of the physical antennas at the transmitting end is NtThe number of physical antennas at the receiving end is NrThe channel matrix of the radio channel is represented as
Figure GDA0002661503750000011
The antenna selection module needs to count N physical antennas at the transmitting endtSelecting the number N of RF channelsptNumber N of physical antennas at the receiving endrSelecting the number N of RF channelspr. In the two existing technical schemes, one is to traverse all possible choices, and it is necessary to try out an antenna combination with optimal performance by traversing all combinations and sending data, which wastes system resources, and due to the time-varying nature of a wireless channel, it is not always guaranteed that the tried antenna selection scheme with optimal performance can be continuously and optimally selected; in addition, it is necessary to carry out
Figure GDA0002661503750000012
Search in a second traversal when NrAnd Npr、NtAnd NptWhen the difference is large, the number of searches becomes large, and the complexity of implementation of the scheme is high. Another less complex antenna selection scheme is random selection, directly from NrTo select NprAnd from NtTo select NptThe scheme is simple to implement, but cannot ensure the performance of the system and cannot ensure the wireless communicationReliability of system transmission.
Patent application No. 200510090890.0 describes a method of array antenna selection, which uses a hierarchical antenna selection method of geometric projection to avoid a large number of determinant calculations and global searches for all possible antenna combinations, but still does not guarantee the performance of the system. Patent document No. 201611148927.5 describes a port and antenna selection method for a distributed MIMO system, which does not directly perform antenna selection, but selects a port first and then performs antenna selection from the selected port, thereby reducing the range of antenna selection, but the implementation complexity of the scheme is still relatively high. Therefore, the most important problem faced by MIMO systems is how to reduce the complexity of the system and ensure the reliability of the system transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a low complexity antenna selection method, which has a low system search complexity, and can adaptively select a better antenna combination according to the change of a wireless channel in real time, thereby ensuring the reliability of transmission.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a low complexity antenna selection method, the method comprising the steps of:
a. a transmitting terminal antenna and a receiving terminal antenna acquire complete channel information to obtain a wireless channel matrix H;
b. traversing search is carried out on the number of the receiving-end antennas, and each traversal of the receiving-end antennas is weighted to obtain a weighting matrix;
c. taking out a plurality of maximum elements required by the number of radio frequency channels of the receiving end from each row in the weighting matrix to form a new weighting matrix;
d. accumulating each row in the new weighting matrix, selecting the largest element in the matrix,
e. and obtaining the optimal receiving antenna combination and the optimal transmitting antenna combination.
Specifically, in the step a, the wireless channel matrix
Figure GDA0002661503750000031
Wherein N istIndicates the number of antennas at the transmitting end, NrRepresenting the number of receiving-end antennas, in the step b, the number of receiving-end antennas NrSelecting the number N of RF channelsprTo proceed with
Figure GDA0002661503750000032
C, obtaining the weighting matrix M by traversing and searching for times, and then taking the maximum N from each row in the weighting matrix M in the step cprEach element constitutes a new weighting matrix M'.
Further, said step b is carried out
Figure GDA0002661503750000033
In the traversal search, the number N of the radio frequency channels selected in the ith traversal is selectedprAnd number N of antennas at transmitting endtA channel matrix of
Figure GDA0002661503750000034
The weighting matrix M is expressed as
Figure GDA0002661503750000035
Wherein
Figure GDA0002661503750000036
In particular, the new weighting matrix M' in step c is represented as
Figure GDA0002661503750000037
Then each row in the new weighting matrix M' is accumulated to obtain a matrix
Figure GDA0002661503750000038
Further, the matrix
Figure GDA0002661503750000039
The largest element in the list corresponds to the number id of the optimal receiving antenna combination, and the momentMaximum N in the id row element of array MptThe number of the individual elements corresponds to the optimal transmit antenna combination.
Specifically, the expression of the optimal receiving antenna combination id is id ═ arg max M ″.
Specifically, in step a, the receiving-end antenna obtains channel information through a pilot channel, and the sending-end antenna obtains the channel information through feedback of the receiving-end antenna.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention only needs to traverse the selective combination of the receiving end antennas, namely to carry out
Figure GDA00026615037500000310
The secondary traversal search greatly reduces the search times, improves the search speed, and greatly reduces the complexity of the whole system search under the condition that the difference between the number of the receiving end antennas and the number of the radio frequency channels of the receiving end is not large.
And the criterion of antenna selection in the invention is based on obtaining the channel gain of the wireless channel as large as possible, therefore, the selected antenna combination can obtain better channel gain, thereby ensuring the transmission reliability of the wireless communication system. In addition, the invention can self-adaptively select the better antenna selection combination according to the channel matrix of the wireless channel, and can obtain larger system capacity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an antenna selection method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a low complexity antenna selection method, which includes the following steps:
a. the transmitting end antenna and the receiving end antenna acquire complete channel information, wherein NtIndicates the number of antennas at the transmitting end, NrRepresenting the number of antennas at a receiving end to obtain a wireless channel matrix H;
b. number of antennas N at the receiving endrSelecting the number N of RF channelsprTo proceed with
Figure GDA0002661503750000041
Secondary traversal searching;
c. weighting each traversal of the receiving-end antenna and sending the weighted value
Figure GDA0002661503750000042
The matrix after the combination weighting is expressed as M;
d. taking the maximum N from each row in the matrix MprForming a new weighting matrix M' by each element;
e. accumulating each row in the matrix M 'to obtain a matrix M';
f. the largest element is selected from the matrix M "to obtain the optimal receive antenna combination and the optimal transmit antenna combination.
Further, said step b is carried out
Figure GDA0002661503750000043
In the traversal search, the number N of the radio frequency channels selected in the ith traversal is selectedprAnd number N of antennas at transmitting endtA channel matrix of
Figure GDA0002661503750000051
The matrix M in the step c is expressed as
Figure GDA0002661503750000052
Wherein
Figure GDA0002661503750000053
Further, the matrix M' in the step d is expressed as
Figure GDA0002661503750000054
The matrix of M' in step e is
Figure GDA0002661503750000055
Further, the largest element in step f corresponds to the most numbered elementThe id of the preferred receive antenna combination, and the largest N in the id row element of the matrix MptThe number of the individual elements corresponds to the optimal transmit antenna combination.
Specifically, the expression of the optimal receiving antenna combination id is id ═ arg max M ″.
Further, in step a, the receiving-end antenna obtains channel information through a pilot channel, and the transmitting-end antenna obtains the channel information through feedback of the receiving-end antenna.
Compared with the prior art, the method only needs to traverse the selective combination of the receiving end antennas, namely
Figure GDA0002661503750000056
The secondary traversal search greatly reduces the search times, improves the search speed, and greatly reduces the complexity of the whole system search under the condition that the difference between the number of the receiving end antennas and the number of the radio frequency channels of the receiving end is not large. The method avoids a large amount of calculation and global search of all possible antenna combinations in the traditional technology, and has the advantages of small operand and simple realization. In addition, the criterion of antenna selection is based on obtaining the channel gain of the wireless channel as large as possible, therefore, the selected antenna combination can obtain better channel gain, thereby ensuring the communication reliability of the wireless communication system. In addition, the invention can obtain larger system capacity according to the antenna selection combination with better selection of the channel matrix self-adaption of the wireless channel.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
The low-complexity antenna selection method in the present embodiment is specifically implemented by the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps that a transmitting end antenna and a receiving end antenna acquire complete channel information, wherein the receiving end antenna acquires the channel information through a pilot channel, and the transmitting end antenna acquires the channel information through feedback of the receiving end antenna. When the number of antennas at the transmitting end is NtThe number of receiving end antennas is NrObtaining a wireless channel matrix
Figure GDA0002661503750000061
Figure GDA0002661503750000062
2) In the receiving-end antenna, the number of receiving-end antennas is NrSelecting the number N of RF channelsprTo proceed with
Figure GDA0002661503750000063
Searching in the ith traversal, wherein the number N of the selected radio frequency channels in the ith traversalprAnd number N of antennas at transmitting endtA channel matrix of
Figure GDA0002661503750000064
Figure GDA0002661503750000065
3) Weighting each traversal of the receiving-end antenna and sending the weighted value
Figure GDA0002661503750000066
The matrix after the combined weighting is expressed as
Figure GDA0002661503750000067
Figure GDA0002661503750000068
Wherein
Figure GDA0002661503750000069
4) Taking the maximum N from each row in the matrix MprElement-by-element forming a new weighting moment
Figure GDA00026615037500000610
Figure GDA00026615037500000611
5) Accumulating each row in the matrix M' to obtain a matrix
Figure GDA00026615037500000612
Figure GDA0002661503750000071
6) Selecting the largest element from the matrix M ', wherein the corresponding serial number of the element is the id of the optimal receiving antenna combination, and the id is arg max M'; and the largest N in the id row element of the matrix MptThe number of each element corresponds to the optimal transmitting antenna combination.
In this embodiment, only the antenna selection combination at the receiving end needs to be traversed, i.e.
Figure GDA0002661503750000072
And the implementation complexity is low due to secondary search. In most scenes, the actual physical antenna of the receiving end has little difference with the number of radio frequency channels, so that compared with traversing all possible choices in the existing scheme, the searching complexity of the antenna selection combination is controlled in a proper range, and the searching complexity of the whole system is greatly reduced. Compared with the existing random selection scheme, in the embodiment, the criterion of antenna selection is based on obtaining the channel gain of the wireless channel as much as possible, so that the antenna selected by the invention can obtain better channel gain, thereby ensuring the communication reliability of the wireless communication system. In addition, in the present embodiment, a better antenna selection combination is adaptively selected according to the channel matrix of the wireless channel, so as to obtain a larger system capacity.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not restrictive, and various changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A low complexity antenna selection method, the method comprising the steps of:
a. a transmitting terminal antenna and a receiving terminal antenna acquire complete channel information to obtain a wireless channel matrix H;
b. traversing search is carried out on the number of the receiving-end antennas, and each traversal of the receiving-end antennas is weighted to obtain a weighting matrix;
c. taking out a plurality of maximum elements required by the number of radio frequency channels of the receiving end from each row in the weighting matrix to form a new weighting matrix;
d. accumulating each row in the new weighting matrix, selecting the largest element in the matrix,
e. obtaining an optimal receiving antenna combination and an optimal transmitting antenna combination;
in the step a, a wireless channel matrix H belongs to RNr×NtIn which N istIndicates the number of antennas at the transmitting end, NrRepresenting the number of receiving-end antennas, in the step b, the number of receiving-end antennas NrSelecting the number N of RF channelsprTo proceed with
Figure FDA0002661503740000011
C, obtaining the weighting matrix M by traversing and searching for times, and then taking the maximum N from each row in the weighting matrix M in the step cprForming a new weighting matrix M' by each element;
the new weighting matrix M' in step c is expressed as
Figure FDA0002661503740000012
Then each row in the new weighting matrix M' is accumulated to obtain a matrix
Figure FDA0002661503740000013
2. A low complexity antenna selection method according to claim 1, characterized by: said step b is carried out
Figure FDA0002661503740000014
In the traversal search, the number N of the radio frequency channels selected in the ith traversal is selectedprAnd number N of antennas at transmitting endtA channel matrix of
Figure FDA0002661503740000017
The weighting matrix M is expressed as
Figure FDA0002661503740000015
Wherein
Figure FDA0002661503740000016
3. A low complexity antenna selection method according to claim 1, characterized by: the matrix
Figure FDA0002661503740000021
The largest element in the matrix M' corresponds to the number id of the optimal receiving antenna combination, and the largest N in the id row element of the matrix MptThe number of the individual elements corresponds to the optimal receive antenna combination.
4. A low complexity antenna selection method according to claim 3, characterized by: the expression of the optimal receiving antenna combination id is id ═ arg max M ″.
5. A low complexity antenna selection method according to claim 1, characterized by: in the step a, the receiving end antenna acquires the channel information through a pilot channel, and the sending end antenna acquires the channel information through feedback of the receiving end antenna.
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