CN107863498A - A kind of preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN107863498A CN107863498A CN201710855772.7A CN201710855772A CN107863498A CN 107863498 A CN107863498 A CN 107863498A CN 201710855772 A CN201710855772 A CN 201710855772A CN 107863498 A CN107863498 A CN 107863498A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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Abstract
A kind of preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:80 ~ 200nm of granularity silica flours and organic carbon source are added into the ethanol waters of 1200 ~ 2000ml 35%, or add conductive agent, mix, in 150 ~ 200 DEG C of EAT, 100 ~ 120 DEG C of leaving air temp, 10 ~ 50rpm of charging revolution speed, 0.20 ~ 0.35MPa of atomisation pressure, side is stirred, and side spray drying, obtains predecessor;By predecessor under an inert atmosphere, 400 ~ 1200 DEG C are warming up to 2 ~ 5 DEG C/min speed, are incubated 2 ~ 5h, then 300 DEG C are cooled to 2 ~ 5 DEG C/min speed, be cooled to room temperature, obtain silicon substrate compound;Silicon substrate compound is mixed with Delanium, obtains cathode material of lithium-ion power battery.A kind of preparation method of the high cathode material of lithium-ion power battery with good cycling stability of first charge-discharge efficiency is provided.The cathode material of lithium-ion power battery charge/discharge capacity of the present invention is high, first charge-discharge efficiency is high and good cycling stability, disclosure satisfy that the requirement of energy density lithium ion power battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides the preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery.
Background technology
At present, lithium ion battery is used widely in 3C, power and energy storage field, wherein, lithium ion power electricity
Pond market turns into the maximum engine of global lithium electricity market rapid growth.With developing rapidly for China's new-energy automobile, thus band
The dynamic demand to lithium-ion-power cell is in be substantially increased.Particularly, in order to improve constantly the course continuation mileage of automobile, to power electric
Requirement also more and more higher of the pond than energy.The specific capacity of negative material directly affects the energy density of battery, and commercial lithium from
Sub- cell negative electrode material is mainly graphite material, and its actual specific capacity is almost empty without lifting close to its theoretical value 372mAh/g
Between, the growth requirement of energy density lithium ion power battery can not be met.Therefore, people start to constantly look for novel high-capacity
Negative material substitutes existing graphite.
Because the theoretical embedding lithium specific capacity of silicon materials is up to 4200mAh/g, and removal lithium embedded voltage is low, reacts and lives with electrolyte
Property is low, turns into a kind of very promising lithium ion battery negative material.But caused enormousness is swollen in its process of intercalation
It is swollen, easily crush silicon grain, efflorescence, so as to lose the electrical contact with collector, show as battery capacity rapid decay, circulation is steady
It is qualitative poor.Meanwhile relatively low electrical conductivity hinders the performance of material electrochemical capacity.Above-mentioned factor seriously limits the business of silicon materials
Product application.In recent years, to the research emphasis of the silicon materials bulk effect in how alleviating silicon charge and discharge process always, and
How electric conductivity of material etc. is improved.
CN104143629A discloses a kind of Si/C/ composite cathode material of silicon/carbon/graphite preparation method, the method first by micron silicon with
Organic carbon source uniformly mixes, and ball milling obtains nano-silicon mixture, then is mixed with natural spherical plumbago negative material, after spray drying
Mixture, the last process such as fired, broken obtains Si/C/ graphite cathode materials.Lithium ion battery silicon-carbon Compound Negative
Pole material reversible specific capacity is more than 490mAh/g, circulates coulombic efficiency first and is more than 73.5%, 50 times circulation special capacity fade rate is small
In 12.5%.Although Si/C/ graphite cathode materials first charge-discharge efficiency and cyclical stability that the method provides are better than pure silicon negative pole
Material, discharge capacity be higher than commercialization graphite cathode material, but its first charge-discharge efficiency and cyclical stability are still improved
Space.
The content of the invention
A kind of the defects of it is an object of the invention to overcome existing silicon substrate composite negative pole material, there is provided first charge-discharge efficiency
The preparation method of high and good cycling stability cathode material of lithium-ion power battery.
The preparation method of described cathode material of lithium-ion power battery, is comprised the steps of:By 80 ~ 200nm of granularity
Silica flour and organic carbon source add the ethanol waters of 1200 ~ 2000ml 35%, or add conductive agent, mix, in EAT 150
~ 200 DEG C, 100 ~ 120 DEG C of leaving air temp, feed 10 ~ 50rpm of revolution speed, atomisation pressure .20 ~ 0.35MPa, side stirring, side spraying
Dry, obtain predecessor;By predecessor under an inert atmosphere, 400 ~ 1200 DEG C are warming up to 2 ~ 5 DEG C/min speed, insulation 2 ~
5h, then 300 DEG C are cooled to 2 ~ 5 DEG C/min speed, room temperature is cooled to, obtains silicon substrate compound;By silicon substrate compound with it is artificial
Graphite mixes, and obtains cathode material of lithium-ion power battery.
The organic carbon source is pitch, butadiene-styrene rubber or polyvinylpyrrolidone.
The mass ratio of the silica flour and organic carbon source is 1:1~3:1.
The conductive agent is acetylene black, conductive black, graphene or CNT, and its dosage is that silica flour and organic carbon source are total
The 0 ~ 5% of quality.
The mass ratio of the silicon substrate compound and graphite is 2 ~ 20:80~98.The graphite is Delanium.The inertia
Gas is nitrogen or argon gas.
Cathode material of lithium-ion power battery is made using spray drying pyrolysismethod in the present invention, and the material, which includes, has nucleocapsid
The silicon substrate composite particles of structured particles, remaining is another active particle graphite particle.Silicon substrate composite particles core is activity
Particle, shell are conductive materials, and multiple such primary particles are assembled to form spherical second particle.Silicon, nothing are fixed in silicon substrate compound
Shape carbon film or silicon, amorphous carbon film, conductive agent obtain effectively it is compound, organic carbon source pyrolytic carbon, conductive agent play buffering silicon volume
Effect, the effect for strengthening electron conduction.Silicon substrate compound is directly applied to lithium-ion-power cell, its performance indications such as head
Secondary efficiency for charge-discharge, cyclical stability do not reach requirement still.Therefore, the high conductivity based on graphite, by silicon substrate compound
Obtained cathode material of lithium-ion power battery after being mixed with graphite, on the premise of certain discharge capacity is sacrificed, further carry
Rise the first charge-discharge efficiency and cyclical stability of negative material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the SEM of the silicon substrate compound of embodiment 1 schemes.
Fig. 2 is that the SEM of the silicon substrate compound of embodiment 6 schemes.
Fig. 3 is that the SEM of the silicon substrate compound of embodiment 9 schemes.
Fig. 4 is that the SEM of the cathode material of lithium-ion power battery of embodiment 11 schemes.
Fig. 5 is the discharge cycle performance curve of the cathode material of lithium-ion power battery of embodiment 10 ~ 12.
Fig. 6 is the charge-discharge performance curve of the cathode material of lithium-ion power battery of embodiment 13 ~ 15.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the invention will be further described for table 1 and embodiment.
Embodiment 1
By silica flour, the mass ratio 1 of pitch:1, weigh granularity and mixed for 100nm silica flours, pitch, added in said mixture
The ethanol waters of 1200ml 35%, after stirring, in 200 DEG C of EAT, 110 DEG C of leaving air temp, feed revolution speed
30rpm, atomisation pressure 0.20MPa are spray-dried, and obtain predecessor;Predecessor is placed in tube furnace, under argon gas protection, with
5 DEG C/min speed is warming up to 900 DEG C, is incubated 3h, is cooled to 300 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min speed, cools to room temperature with the furnace;After screening,
Obtain silicon substrate compound.SEM figures are shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2
By silica flour, the mass ratio 2 of pitch:1, weigh granularity and mixed for 200nm silica flours, pitch, added in said mixture
The ethanol waters of 1500ml 35%, after stirring, in 180 DEG C of EAT, 100 DEG C of leaving air temp, feed revolution speed
30rpm, atomisation pressure 0.30MPa are spray-dried, and obtain predecessor;Predecessor is placed in tube furnace, under argon gas protection, with
5 DEG C/min speed is warming up to 1050 DEG C, is incubated 3h, is cooled to 300 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min speed, cools to room temperature with the furnace;Screening
Afterwards, silicon substrate compound is obtained.
Embodiment 3
By silica flour, the mass ratio 3 of pitch:1, weigh granularity and mixed for 80nm silica flours, pitch, added in said mixture
The ethanol waters of 1800ml 35%, after stirring, in 190 DEG C of EAT, 110 DEG C of leaving air temp, feed revolution speed
25rpm, atomisation pressure 0.25MPa are spray-dried, and obtain predecessor;Predecessor is placed in tube furnace, under argon gas protection, with
5 DEG C/min speed is warming up to 1050 DEG C, is incubated 3h, is cooled to 300 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min speed, cools to room temperature with the furnace;Screening
Afterwards, silicon substrate compound is obtained.
Embodiment 4
By silica flour, the mass ratio 1 of butadiene-styrene rubber:1, weigh granularity and mixed for 80nm silica flours, butadiene-styrene rubber, in said mixture
The ethanol waters of 1800ml 35% are added, after stirring, set 200 DEG C of EAT, 100 DEG C of leaving air temp, charging
Revolution speed 25rpm, atomisation pressure 0.25MPa, is spray-dried, and obtains predecessor.Predecessor is placed in and is connected with high-purity argon gas
In the tube furnace of protection, 500 DEG C are warming up to 5 DEG C/min speed, 3h is incubated, 300 DEG C is cooled to 5 DEG C/min speed, with stove
It is cooled to room temperature.After screening, silicon substrate compound is obtained.
Embodiment 5
By silica flour, the mass ratio 1 of polyvinylpyrrolidone:1, weigh granularity and mixed for 80nm silica flours, polyvinylpyrrolidone,
The ethanol waters of 1500ml 35% are added in said mixture, after stirring, in 180 DEG C of EAT, leaving air temp
100 DEG C, revolution speed 30rpm is fed, atomisation pressure 0.25MPa spray drying, obtains predecessor;Predecessor is placed in tube furnace
It is interior, under argon gas protection, 600 DEG C are warming up to 5 DEG C/min speed, 3h is incubated, 300 DEG C is cooled to 5 DEG C/min speed, with stove
It is cooled to room temperature and obtains silicon substrate compound.
Embodiment 6
It is 1 by the mass ratio of silica flour, butadiene-styrene rubber:1, CNT is the 2% of silica flour and organic carbon source gross mass, weighs granularity
Mixed for 80nm silica flours, butadiene-styrene rubber and CNT, the ethanol waters of 1600ml 35% are added in said mixture, fully
After stirring, 160 DEG C of EAT is set, 110 DEG C of leaving air temp, revolution speed 20rpm is fed, atomisation pressure 0.35MPa, enters
Row spray drying, obtains predecessor.Predecessor is placed in and is connected with the tube furnace of high-purity argon gas protection, with 5 DEG C/min speed liters
Temperature is incubated 3h, is cooled to 300 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min speed, cools to room temperature with the furnace to 600 DEG C.After screening, it is compound to obtain silicon substrate
Thing.SEM figures are shown in Fig. 2.
Embodiment 7
It is 2 by the mass ratio of silica flour, butadiene-styrene rubber:1, CNT is the 2% of silica flour and organic carbon source gross mass, weighs granularity
Mixed for 100nm silica flours, butadiene-styrene rubber and CNT, the ethanol waters of 1800ml 35% are added in said mixture, are filled
Divide after stirring, set 200 DEG C of EAT, 110 DEG C of leaving air temp, feed revolution speed 25rpm, atomisation pressure 0.25MPa,
It is spray-dried, obtains predecessor.Predecessor is placed in and is connected with the tube furnace of high-purity argon gas protection, with 5 DEG C/min speed
700 DEG C are warming up to, 3h is incubated, is cooled to 300 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min speed, cools to room temperature with the furnace.After screening, obtain silicon substrate and answer
Compound.
Embodiment 8
Other conditions are the 4% of silica flour and organic carbon source gross mass with embodiment 6, CNT, obtain silicon substrate compound.
Embodiment 9
For other conditions with embodiment 6, the graphene of addition is the 2% of silica flour and organic carbon source gross mass, obtains silicon substrate compound.
SEM figures are shown in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 10
The silicon substrate compound that embodiment 3 obtains is mixed with Delanium, obtains cathode material of lithium-ion power battery, wherein silicon
The mass ratio of base complex and Delanium is 5:95.
Embodiment 11
With embodiment 10, silicon substrate compound is mixed to get cathode material of lithium-ion power battery with Delanium, and wherein silicon substrate is answered
The mass ratio of compound and Delanium is 10:90.SEM figures are shown in Fig. 4.
Embodiment 12
With embodiment 10, silicon substrate compound is mixed to get cathode material of lithium-ion power battery with Delanium, and wherein silicon substrate is answered
The mass ratio of compound and Delanium is 15:85.
Embodiment 13
The silicon substrate compound of embodiment 8 and Delanium are mixed to get cathode material of lithium-ion power battery, wherein silicon substrate is answered
The mass ratio of compound and Delanium is 15:85.
Embodiment 14
With embodiment 13, silicon substrate compound is mixed to get cathode material of lithium-ion power battery with Delanium, and wherein silicon substrate is answered
The mass ratio of compound and Delanium is 10:90.
Embodiment 15
With embodiment 13, silicon substrate compound is mixed to get cathode material of lithium-ion power battery with Delanium, and wherein silicon substrate is answered
The mass ratio of compound and Delanium is 5:95.
Silicon substrate compound and cathode material of lithium-ion power battery made from above-described embodiment 1 ~ 15 are fabricated to 2032 types
Button simulated battery tests its chemical property.Comprise the following steps that:(1)By silicon substrate compound or the lithium ion power electricity of preparation
Pond negative material, conductive acetylene be black and binding agent(Sodium carboxymethylcellulose and butadiene-styrene rubber mixture, mass ratio 3:5)By quality
Than 80:10:10 mixing, using deionized water as solvent, stir and slurry are made;(2)By slurry even application in copper foil matrix
On, wet electrode is put into vacuum drying chamber, 80 DEG C of dry 12h;(3)In dry vacuum glove box, simulated battery is assembled.
Using above-mentioned self-made electrode as positive pole, metal lithium sheet is negative pole, and the films of Celgard 2500 are barrier film, 1mol/L LiPF6It is dissolved in carbon
Vinyl acetate(EC), methyl ethyl ester(EMC)And dimethyl carbonate(DMC)(Volume ratio 1:1:1)Solution be electrolyte.
Test result is shown in Table 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
The present invention is described by embodiment, but is not limited the invention, with reference to description of the invention, institute
Other changes of disclosed embodiment, are such as readily apparent that, such change should belong to for the professional person of this area
Within the scope of the claims in the present invention limit.
The chemical property of the silicon substrate compound of the embodiment 1 ~ 9 of table 1
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:By granularity 80 ~
200nm silica flours and organic carbon source add the ethanol waters of 1200 ~ 2000ml 35%, or add conductive agent, mix, are entering wind-warm syndrome
150 ~ 200 DEG C of degree, 100 ~ 120 DEG C of leaving air temp, 10 ~ 50rpm of revolution speed, 0.20 ~ 0.35MPa of atomisation pressure being fed, side is stirred,
Side is spray-dried, and obtains predecessor;By predecessor under an inert atmosphere, 400 ~ 1200 DEG C are warming up to 2 ~ 5 DEG C/min speed, protected
2 ~ 5h of temperature, then 300 DEG C are cooled to 2 ~ 5 DEG C/min speed, room temperature is cooled to, obtains silicon substrate compound;By silicon substrate compound with
Delanium mixes, and obtains cathode material of lithium-ion power battery.
2. the preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described has
Machine carbon source is pitch, butadiene-styrene rubber or polyvinylpyrrolidone.
3. the preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the silicon
The mass ratio of powder and organic carbon source is 1:1~3:1.
4. the preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the conduction
Agent is acetylene black, conductive black, graphene or CNT, and its dosage is the 0 ~ 5% of silica flour and organic carbon source gross mass.
5. the preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the silicon substrate
The mass ratio of compound and graphite is 2 ~ 20:80~98.
6. the preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the stone
Ink is Delanium.
7. the preparation method of cathode material of lithium-ion power battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described is lazy
Property gas is nitrogen or argon gas.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110459743A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-15 | 东莞市创明电池技术有限公司 | Lithium ion battery negative material and preparation method thereof applied to fast charging and discharging |
CN111082021A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-28 | 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 | Silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN113644252A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-12 | 西北工业大学 | Silicon-carbon negative electrode material and preparation method thereof |
CN114883545A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-09 | 多氟多新能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of composite silicon-carbon negative electrode material |
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CN105609730A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-25 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Preparation method for silicon/carbon/graphite composite negative electrode material |
CN106531980A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 宁波杉杉新材料科技有限公司 | Negative electrode material for lithium-ion battery and preparation method and application of negative electrode material |
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CN104953092A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-30 | 浙江天能能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery negative material and preparation method thereof |
CN106531980A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 宁波杉杉新材料科技有限公司 | Negative electrode material for lithium-ion battery and preparation method and application of negative electrode material |
CN105609730A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-25 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Preparation method for silicon/carbon/graphite composite negative electrode material |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110459743A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-15 | 东莞市创明电池技术有限公司 | Lithium ion battery negative material and preparation method thereof applied to fast charging and discharging |
CN111082021A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-28 | 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 | Silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN113644252A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-12 | 西北工业大学 | Silicon-carbon negative electrode material and preparation method thereof |
CN114883545A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-09 | 多氟多新能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of composite silicon-carbon negative electrode material |
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