CN107861167B - A kind of method that gamma-rays monitoring Clad pipe multiphase flow fluidised form induces corrosion exception - Google Patents
A kind of method that gamma-rays monitoring Clad pipe multiphase flow fluidised form induces corrosion exception Download PDFInfo
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-n-(methoxymethyl)acetamide;2,6-dinitro-n,n-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1N(COC)C(=O)CCl.CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
- G01V5/04—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V5/08—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging using primary nuclear radiation sources or X-rays
- G01V5/12—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging using primary nuclear radiation sources or X-rays using gamma or X-ray sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of program-controlled monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised forms of gamma-rays to induce the abnormal method of corrosion, the following steps are included: (1), to heat preservation Clad pipe vapor phase areas roentgen dose X fluctuation scanning, by comparing the gamma-rays dose data of the same location recorded recently, judge to be abnormal with the presence or absence of fluidised form in identification heat preservation cage walls and lead to heavy corrosion risk；(2), by the gamma-rays dosage of analysis measurement, judge to keep the temperature whether fluidised form in Clad pipe is slug flow；(3), by comparing the gamma-rays dose data of the same location recorded recently, judge whether current fluidised form has turned to ring mist flow.A kind of program-controlled monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form of gamma-rays of the invention induces the abnormal method of corrosion, it realizes in the case where not removing heat preservation clad, accurately petroleum and petrochemical industry Clad pipe multiphase flow fluidised form corrodes anomalous variation under all kinds of operating conditions of online recognition, meets a variety of corrosion hazards status monitoring needs in practical application.
Description
Technical field
Heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form is monitored the present invention relates to a kind of gamma-rays and induces the abnormal method of corrosion, is belonged to
Petroleum and petrochemical industry heat preservation cladding corrosive pipeline exception monitoring field.
Background technique
There are the danger of multi-phase flow erosion, the variations of multiphase flow fluidised form will cause etching machine for many process procedures of petroleum and petrochemical industry
The mutation of reason since this variation is difficult to discover, thus often leads to great petroleum and petrochemical industry to cause corrosion anomalous variation
There are many process system similar pump and its neighbouring pipeline change of flow state occurred for leakage accident in petroleum and petrochemical industry practice
Caused corrosion leakage case.
Therefore there are huge equipment and corrosive pipeline abnormal risk, such pressure for the operation of petroleum and petrochemical industry process system
System will realize that continuous long-term operation has to realize fluidised form abnormality on-line monitoring.And petroleum and petrochemical industry operating condition is complicated, deposits
It in running environment such as high temperature, ultralow temperature, is needed for production safety etc., does not then allow to abolish pipeline heat insulation and be monitored, it can only
Seek on-line monitoring technique under high-precision insulating layer.This demand all cannot achieve using conventional Ultrasound, electromagnetic technique.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind and not remove heat preservation clad
It can the abnormal method of non-intruding monitor petroleum and petrochemical industry Clad pipe multiphase flow fluidised form induction corrosion.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of method that the pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form induction corrosion of gamma-rays monitoring heat preservation cladding is abnormal, comprising the following steps:
(1), to heat preservation Clad pipe vapor phase areas roentgen dose X fluctuation scanning, by comparing the same location recorded recently
Gamma-rays dose data, judge to be abnormal in identification heat preservation cage walls and lead to heavy corrosion risk with the presence or absence of fluidised form；
(2), it when it is determined that being abnormal there are fluidised form and leading to heavy corrosion risk, is penetrated by the γ of analysis measurement
Line dosage, judges to keep the temperature whether fluidised form in Clad pipe is slug flow；
(3), lead to heavy corrosion risk because fluidised form is abnormal being determined to have, and and be not converted into slug
When stream, by comparing the gamma-rays dose data of the same location recorded recently, judge whether current fluidised form has turned to ring
Mist flow.
It is abnormal with the presence or absence of fluidised form in judgement identification heat preservation cage walls and heavy corrosion risk is caused to include following step
It is rapid:
1) k measurement, is carried out to tested pipeline, each time interval is f；
2), the gamma-rays dosage of record i-th measurement is di, record corresponding measurement ordinal number ni=i, wherein i value is 1
To k；
3) whole d, is calculatediAverage value davgWith standard deviation dstv, as shown in formula (1) and (2)；
4) the gamma-rays dose data m of the same measurement position of k pipeline recorded recently, is extractedi, and calculate whole mi's
Average value mavgWith standard deviation mstv, wherein i value is 1 to k, as shown in formula (3) and (4)；
5), using the t method of inspection, d is usedavg、dstv, mavg、mstvCalculate corresponding t distribution calculated value t0, such as formula (5) institute
Show, and taking confidence level is 0.05, calculates threshold reference trIf t0≥tr, then determining to exist causes because fluidised form is abnormal
Otherwise the risk of heavy corrosion determines to be abnormal and cause the risk of heavy corrosion there is no fluidised form, and by diTo dkDeposit back
Scape database,
Judge to keep the temperature fluidised form in Clad pipe whether be slug flow the following steps are included:
1), it is being determined to have when fluidised form, which is abnormal, leads to heavy corrosion risk, one by one to diWith it
Value davgIt is compared, if di≥davg, then gcn is enabledj=di, otherwise enable lcnm=di, and gcn is counted respectivelyjTotal amount of data u,
And lcnmTotal amount of data v, wherein j value be 1 arrive u, m value be 1 arrive v；
2) gcn, is calculated separatelyjAnd lcnmMean value gcnavg、lcnavg, as shown in formula (6) and (7) and standard deviation
gcnstv、lcnstv, as shown in formula (8) and (9)；
3), using the t method of inspection, gcn is usedavg、lcnavg、gcnstv、lcnstvCorresponding t distribution calculated value tcn is calculated,
As shown in formula (10), and taking confidence level is 0.05, calculates threshold reference tcnrIf tcn >=tcnr, then determine current fluidised form
Slug flow is had turned to, and executes step 4), otherwise determines that current fluidised form is not changed into slug flow；
Slug flow void fraction gr and liquid holdup lr is calculated using u and v, as shown in formula (11) and (12)；
Gr=1-lr (11)
Enable vent plug length frequency fgskInitial value is 0, slug length frequency flskInitial value is 0, and according to monitoring data di
Acquisition sequence, if di≥davg, then fgsk=fgsk+ 1, until di<davgUntil, obtain vent plug length in this monitoring time
The data sample of frequency, if di<davg, then flsk=flsk+ 1, until di≥davgUntil, obtain liquid plug in this monitoring time
The data sample of length frequency, fgskAnd flskSample size is n；
Utilize the nominal flow velocity f in pipelinevAnd fgsk、flskCalculate vent plug length glkWith slug length llkSample, such as formula
(13) and shown in (14), fgsk、flskThen it is used to determine the vent plug length of slug flow and the frequency of slug length.
glk=fv·fgsk·f (13)
llk=fv·flsk·f (14)。
Lead to heavy corrosion risk because fluidised form is abnormal being determined to have, and and is not converted into slug flow
When, if davg>mavg, then determine that current fluidised form has turned to ring mist flow, otherwise determine not occur that heavy corrosion can be caused different
Normal change of flow state, and by diTo dkIt is stored in background database.
The numerical value of pendulous frequency k is not less than 100.
A kind of beneficial effects of the present invention: gamma-rays monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form induction provided by the invention
Corrode abnormal method, scanning means is mounted on outside cage walls by the present invention in the case where not removing heat preservation clad, and stepper motor drives
Dynamic radiographic source and detector；Scanning means is enough to lead to heavy corrosion exception in pipeline vapor phase areas, online recognition pipeline
Fluidised form abnormal sudden change, and determine fluidised form type, meet the needs of Multiphase Flow exception monitoring in practical application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the program-controlled monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form of gamma-rays induces the abnormal schematic illustration of corrosion；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that multiphase flow keeps the temperature Clad pipe；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that a kind of gamma-rays monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form induces the abnormal method of corrosion；
Fig. 4 is the subregion of Clad pipe and the schematic diagram for monitoring position.
Wherein appended drawing reference is as follows: 1- gamma scanning device；2- keeps the temperature cage walls；3: stepper motor；41- gamma-rays
Source；42- detector；5- insulating layer；6- metal layer；7- scale forming matter layer；A- thermal insulation material area；B- metal layer area；C- foulant
Matter area；D- multiphase flow gas zone；E- multiphase flow liquid area.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
When scanning cage walls or multilayer pipe due to beam tangential direction, the pipeline inner distance that ray passes through is larger, because
The minor change of this interior media can all cause the acute variation of ray residual dosage, by carrying out data analysis to sampled data
The anomalous variation of pipeline interior media can be identified, so that it is determined that the anomalous variation of fluidised form.The present invention, which realizes, not to remove
It keeps the temperature under clad, is enough to lead to the fluidised form abnormal sudden change of heavy corrosion exception in online recognition pipeline, and determine fluidised form type.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, gamma scanning device 1 is mounted on 2 outside of heat preservation cage walls, stepper motor 3 drives
Dynamic gamma ray projector 41 and detector 42 are placed in the suitable position of pipeline vapor phase areas, and control each monitoring time；Gamma-rays is swept
Imaging apparatus 1 is set in the fixation position of multiphase flow pipeline vapor phase areas, tangent line scanning is carried out to insulation cage walls 2, by right
The scanning of vapor phase areas roentgen dose X fluctuation and mathematical algorithm achieve the purpose that High Precision Automatic identification and analysis fluidised form, thus
The corrosion for realizing that on-line monitoring change of flow state is caused is abnormal, and key step is as shown in Figure 3.
Under the flow chart to Fig. 3 done specifically elaborate.
1, the change of flow state in identification heat preservation cage walls,
1) k measurement is carried out to tested pipeline, each time interval is f, and guarantees each pendulous frequency k >=100 as far as possible；
2) the gamma-rays dosage of record i-th measurement is di, record corresponding measurement ordinal number ni=i, wherein i value arrives for 1
k；
3) whole d is calculatediAverage value davgWith standard deviation dstv, as shown in formula (1) and (2)；
4) the gamma-rays dose data m of the same measurement position of k pipeline recorded recently is extractedi, and calculate whole miIt is flat
Mean value mavgWith standard deviation mstv, wherein i value is 1 to k, as shown in formula (3) and (4)；
5) the t method of inspection is used, d is usedavg、dstv, mavg、mstvCalculate corresponding t distribution calculated value t0, such as formula (5) institute
Show, and taking confidence level is 0.05, calculates threshold reference t by inquiring t distribution standard statistical formrIf t0≥tr, then determine
Lead to the risk of heavy corrosion in the presence of because fluidised form is abnormal, otherwise determines to be abnormal there is no fluidised form and lead to serious corruption
The risk of erosion, and by diTo dkIt is stored in background database.
2, whether the fluidised form in identification heat preservation cage walls is slug flow,
Step 1, it is being determined to have when fluidised form, which is abnormal, leads to heavy corrosion risk, one by one to diWith it
Mean value davgIt is compared, if di≥davg, then gcn is enabledj=di, otherwise enable lcnm=di, and gcn is counted respectivelyjTotal amount of data
U and lcnmTotal amount of data v, wherein j value be 1 arrive u, m value be 1 arrive v；
Step 2, gcn is calculated separatelyjAnd lcnmMean value gcnavg、lcnavg, as shown in formula (6) and (7) and standard deviation
Poor gcnstv、lcnstv, as shown in formula (8) and (9)；
Step 3, using the t method of inspection, gcn is usedavg、lcnavg、gcnstv、lcnstvCalculate corresponding t distribution calculated value
Tcn, as shown in formula (10), and taking confidence level is 0.05, calculates threshold reference by inquiring t distribution standard statistical form
tcnrIf tcn >=tcnr, then determine that current fluidised form has turned to slug flow, and execute step 4, otherwise determine current fluidised form simultaneously
It is not changed into slug flow；
Step 4, slug flow void fraction gr and liquid holdup lr is calculated using u and v, as shown in formula (11) and (12)；
Gr=1-lr (11)
Step 5, vent plug length frequency fgs is enabledkInitial value is 0, slug length frequency flskInitial value is 0, and according to monitoring
Data diAcquisition sequence, if di≥davg, then fgsk=fgsk+ 1, until di<davgUntil, obtain vent plug in this monitoring time
The data sample of length frequency, if di<davg, then flsk=flsk+ 1, until di≥davgUntil, it obtains in this monitoring time
The data sample of slug length frequency, fgskAnd flskSample size is n；
Step 6, the nominal flow velocity f in pipeline is utilizedvAnd fgsk、flskCalculate vent plug length glkWith slug length llkSample
This, as shown in formula (13) and (14), fgsk、flskThen it is used to determine the vent plug length of slug flow and the frequency of slug length.
glk=fv·fgsk·f (13)
llk=fv·flsk·f (14)
3, whether the fluidised form in identification heat preservation cage walls is ring mist flow,
Lead to heavy corrosion risk because fluidised form is abnormal being determined to have, and and is not converted into slug flow
When, if davg>mavg, then determine that current fluidised form has turned to ring mist flow, otherwise determine not occur that heavy corrosion can be caused different
Normal change of flow state, and by diTo dkIt is stored in background database.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of heat preservation clads of not removing can non-intruding monitor petroleum and petrochemical industry cladding
Pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form induces the abnormal method of corrosion.In order to reach abnormal and dangerous fluidised form type of high precision identification fluidised form etc.
Requirement, this method disclose a kind of tangential monitoring multiphase flow pipeline vapor phase areas roentgen dose X fluctuate and pass through mathematical algorithm oneself
The gamma radial scanning technology of dynamic identification and analysis fluidised form.Its main feature is that not removing heat preservation clad, scanning means is mounted on packet
It covers outside pipe, stepper motor drives radiographic source and detector；Scanning means is set in multiphase flow pipeline vapor phase areas, to insulation packet
It covers pipe progress tangent line scanning and High Precision Automatic knowledge is reached by the scanning fluctuated to vapor phase areas roentgen dose X and mathematical algorithm
Not with the purpose of analysis fluidised form, the corrosion exception that change of flow state is caused is monitored on-line to realize.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of gamma-rays monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form induces the abnormal method of corrosion, it is characterised in that: including
Following steps:
(1), to heat preservation Clad pipe vapor phase areas roentgen dose X fluctuation scanning, by the γ for comparing the same location recorded recently
Roentgen dose X data judge to be abnormal with the presence or absence of fluidised form in identification heat preservation cage walls and lead to heavy corrosion risk；
(2), when it is determined that being abnormal there are fluidised form and leading to heavy corrosion risk, pass through the gamma-rays agent of analysis measurement
Amount, judges to keep the temperature whether fluidised form in Clad pipe is slug flow；
(3), lead to heavy corrosion risk because fluidised form is abnormal being determined to have, and and be not converted into slug flow
When, by comparing the gamma-rays dose data of the same location recorded recently, judge whether current fluidised form has turned to ring mist
Shape stream；
Judgement identification heat preservation cage walls in the presence or absence of fluidised form be abnormal and lead to heavy corrosion risk the following steps are included:
1) k measurement, is carried out to tested pipeline, each time interval is f；
2), the gamma-rays dosage of record i-th measurement is di, record corresponding measurement ordinal number ni=i, wherein i value is 1 to k；
3) whole d, is calculatediAverage value davgWith standard deviation dstv, as shown in formula (1) and (2)；
4) the gamma-rays dose data m of the same measurement position of k pipeline recorded recently, is extractedi, and calculate whole miBe averaged
Value mavgWith standard deviation mstv, wherein i value is 1 to k, as shown in formula (3) and (4)；
5), using the t method of inspection, d is usedavg、dstv, mavg、mstvCalculate corresponding t distribution calculated value t0, as shown in formula (5), and
Taking confidence level is 0.05, calculates threshold reference trIf t0≥tr, then determining to exist causes seriously because fluidised form is abnormal
Otherwise the risk of corrosion determines to be abnormal and cause the risk of heavy corrosion there is no fluidised form, and by diTo dkIt is stored in background number
According to library,
2. a kind of gamma-rays monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form according to claim 1 induces the abnormal side of corrosion
Method, it is characterised in that: judge to keep the temperature fluidised form in Clad pipe whether be slug flow the following steps are included:
1), it is being determined to have when fluidised form, which is abnormal, leads to heavy corrosion risk, one by one to diWith its mean value davg
It is compared, if di≥davg, then gcn is enabledj=di, otherwise enable lcnm=dI,And gcn is counted respectivelyjTotal amount of data u, and
lcnmTotal amount of data v, wherein j value be 1 arrive u, m value be 1 arrive v；
2) gcn, is calculated separatelyjAnd lcnmMean value gcnavg、lcnavg, as shown in formula (6) and (7) and standard deviation gcnstv、
lcnstv, as shown in formula (8) and (9)；
3), using the t method of inspection, gcn is usedavg、lcnavg、gcnstv、lcnstvCorresponding t distribution calculated value tcn is calculated, such as formula
(10) shown in, and taking confidence level is 0.05, calculates threshold reference tcnrIf tcn >=tcnr, then determined current fluidised form
It is changed into slug flow, calculates and obtain slug flow characteristic, otherwise determine that current fluidised form is not changed into slug flow；
3. a kind of gamma-rays monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form according to claim 2 induces the abnormal side of corrosion
Method, it is characterised in that: slug flow characteristic calculation is as follows: slug flow void fraction gr and liquid holdup are calculated using u and v
Lr, as shown in formula (11) and (12)；
Gr=1-lr (11)
Enable vent plug length frequency fgskInitial value is 0, slug length frequency flskInitial value is 0, and according to monitoring data diObtain
Sequence is taken, if di≥davg, then fgsk=fgsk+ 1, until di<davgUntil, obtain vent plug length frequency in this monitoring time
Data sample, if di<davg, then flsk=flsk+ 1, until di≥davgUntil, obtain slug length in this monitoring time
The data sample of frequency, fgskAnd flskSample size is n；
Utilize the nominal flow velocity f in pipelinevAnd fgsk、flskCalculate vent plug length glkWith slug length llkSample, such as formula (13)
(14) shown in, fgsk、flskThen it is used to determine the vent plug length of slug flow and the frequency of slug length,
glk=fv·fgsk·f (13)
llk=fv·flsk·f (14)。
4. a kind of gamma-rays monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form according to claim 3 induces the abnormal side of corrosion
Method, it is characterised in that: lead to heavy corrosion risk because fluidised form is abnormal being determined to have, and and be not converted into section
When plug flow, if davg>mavg, then determine that current fluidised form has turned to ring mist flow, otherwise determine not occur that serious corruption can be caused
Lose abnormal change of flow state, and by diTo dkIt is stored in background database.
5. a kind of gamma-rays monitoring heat preservation cladding pipelines on multiphase flow fluidised form according to claim 1 induces the abnormal side of corrosion
Method, it is characterised in that: the numerical value of pendulous frequency k is not less than 100.
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| CN2325761Y (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 1999-06-23 | 窦剑文 | Multiphase flow regulator, and multiphase flow phase distributing ratio measuring device using the regulator |
| CN2349553Y (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 1999-11-17 | 窦剑文 | Gas-liquid polyphase flow flowmeter |
| CN1107191C (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2003-04-30 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Electric resistance type dynamic monitor for two-phase (gas and liquid) flow in horizontal pipe and its monitor method |
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