CN107859588B - Oscillating water column auto-excitation type wave energy combined generating device based on Karman vortex street effect - Google Patents

Oscillating water column auto-excitation type wave energy combined generating device based on Karman vortex street effect Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107859588B
CN107859588B CN201710877995.3A CN201710877995A CN107859588B CN 107859588 B CN107859588 B CN 107859588B CN 201710877995 A CN201710877995 A CN 201710877995A CN 107859588 B CN107859588 B CN 107859588B
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China
Prior art keywords
air passage
cavity
contraction air
water column
wave energy
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CN201710877995.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107859588A (en
Inventor
杜小振
文傲
朱尚
郭悦
柳叙强
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/141Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector
    • F03B13/142Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector which creates an oscillating water column
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/185Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186Vibration harvesters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of oscillating water column auto-excitation type wave energy combined generating device based on Karman vortex street effect, belong to sustainable development electro-technical field, it includes the upper contraction air flue being sequentially connected from top to bottom, upper cavity, lower contraction air flue and lower chamber, the upper top for shrinking air flue offers gas inlet-outlet, the lower part of lower chamber offers seawater entrance, sleeve is provided in upper cavity, upper cavity is divided into left chamber by sleeve, middle chamber and right chamber, Circular Cylinder and lower Circular Cylinder are provided in sleeve, on, the dielectric elastomeric body thin film that multiple groups are successively arranged is provided between lower Circular Cylinder, the two sides in the middle position of each group dielectric elastomeric body thin film are respectively arranged with No.1 permanent magnet, the left side, it is respectively arranged in right chamber with one-to-one No. two permanent magnets of No.1 permanent magnet and the piezoelectricity for installing No. two permanent magnets Cantilever beam.The combined generating device can work long hours in a humid environment, to provide permanent, lasting electric energy.

Description

Oscillatory water column self-excitation type wave energy composite power generation device based on Karman vortex street effect
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sustainable power generation, and particularly relates to an oscillating water column self-excitation type wave energy composite power generation device based on a Karman vortex street effect.
Background
With the development of the information era, small electronic equipment lighthouses, sensors and other low-power electrical equipment in coastal areas become an indispensable part of the society nowadays, the equipment cannot operate continuously and permanently for supplying electric energy, the traditional battery is difficult to supply power for the equipment due to limited service life, a turbine generator of the traditional oscillating water column wave energy conversion device cannot work in humid environments such as the sea for a long time, and how to better combine the oscillating water column device with higher efficiency in the wave energy conversion device with a power generation device is a key technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the oscillating water column self-excitation type wave energy composite power generation device based on the karman vortex street effect, and the composite power generation device can work in a humid environment for a long time to provide long-term and continuous electric energy.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an oscillating water column self-excitation type wave energy composite power generation device based on the karman vortex street effect comprises an upper contraction air passage, an upper cavity, a lower contraction air passage and a lower cavity which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein a gas inlet and a gas outlet are formed in the upper part of the upper contraction air passage, a seawater inlet and a seawater outlet are formed in the lower part of the lower cavity, a sleeve is arranged in the upper cavity, the top end surface of the sleeve is connected with the bottom end surface of the upper contraction air passage, the bottom end surface of the sleeve is connected with the top end surface of the lower contraction air passage, the upper cavity is divided into a left cavity, a middle cavity and a right cavity by the sleeve, the upper contraction air passage, the middle cavity, the lower contraction air passage and the lower cavity are mutually communicated, an upper streaming cylinder and a lower streaming cylinder are arranged in the sleeve, the upper streaming cylinder is positioned at the junction of the middle cavity and the upper contraction air passage, the lower streaming cylinder is, the two sides of the middle position of each group of dielectric elastomer films are respectively provided with a first permanent magnet, a row of second permanent magnets which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first permanent magnets are respectively arranged in the left cavity and the right cavity, a row of piezoelectric cantilever beams which are in one-to-one correspondence with the second permanent magnets are respectively arranged in the left cavity and the right cavity, and one second permanent magnet is correspondingly fixed on one piezoelectric cantilever beam.
The length of the upper and lower streaming cylinders is 24-35 cm.
And the gap between two adjacent groups of the dielectric elastomer films is 3-5 cm.
The width of each group of the dielectric elastomer films is 4 cm-6 cm.
And a gap between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet corresponding to the first permanent magnet is 3-5 cm.
The left chamber and the right chamber are both closed chambers.
The upper contraction air passage is of a tapered structure, the top section of the upper contraction air passage is circular, the bottom section of the upper contraction air passage is oval, and the inner diameter of the upper contraction air passage is reduced from top to bottom in sequence.
The lower contraction air passage is of a tapered structure, the top section of the lower contraction air passage is oval, the bottom section of the lower contraction air passage is circular, and the inner diameter of the lower contraction air passage is reduced from bottom to top in sequence.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the piezoelectric effect is adopted, so that the environment adaptability of the power generation device is strong, and the power generation device can work in a humid environment for a long time.
2. The invention can convert the collected wave energy into the air pressure energy of the air column, and the karman vortex street phenomenon generated by the air pressure energy is utilized to drive the dielectric elastic film to generate electric energy. The invention is applied to the ocean and can provide continuous and long-term electric energy, thereby solving the problem of wireless energy supply of small and medium-sized electrical equipment in the ocean.
3. Compared with the common oscillating water column wave energy conversion device, the structure of the power generation device is simpler, the installation and the maintenance are convenient, and the manufacturing cost is lower.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a half-section structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the piezoelectric cantilever of the present invention providing voltage to the dielectric elastomer.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the power generation of the dielectric elastomer driven by the karman vortex street when the wave peak enters the lower cavity.
Wherein,
1. the device comprises a lower cavity 2, a lower contraction air passage 3, an upper cavity 31, a middle cavity 32, a left cavity 33, a right cavity 4, a piezoelectric cantilever beam 5, a second permanent magnet 6, an upper streaming cylinder 7, an upper contraction air passage 8, a sleeve 9, a first permanent magnet 10, a dielectric elastomer film 11, a lower streaming cylinder 12, a seawater inlet and outlet 13, a triode 14, a capacitor 15, an air flow 16, a Karman vortex street, a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity, a fourth cavity
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the oscillating water column self-excited wave energy composite power generation device based on the karman vortex street effect comprises an upper contraction air passage 7, an upper cavity body 3, a lower contraction air passage 2 and a lower cavity body 1 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom.
And the upper part of the upper contraction air passage 7 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The upper contraction air passage 7 is of a tapered structure, the top section of the upper contraction air passage 7 is circular, the bottom section of the upper contraction air passage 7 is oval, and the inner diameter of the upper contraction air passage 7 is reduced from top to bottom in sequence. Lower shrink air flue 2 is the gradual shrinkage formula structure, and the top cross-section of lower shrink air flue 2 is oval, the bottom cross-section is circular, and the internal diameter from the bottom up of lower shrink air flue 2 reduces in proper order.
The inner walls of the upper and lower contraction air passages are called as wind collection walls, and in the use process, no matter the air flow enters the upper cavity 3 from the upper contraction air passage 7 or enters the upper cavity 3 from the lower contraction air passage 2, the air flow generally enters from the circular inlet with a larger opening and flows out from the oval outlet with a smaller opening, the flow speed of the air flow is increased through the wind collection walls, and therefore the transverse acting force generated by the karman vortex street effect is increased.
The lower cavity 1 is submerged in seawater, and the lower part of the lower cavity 1 is provided with a seawater inlet and outlet 12.
A sleeve 8 is arranged in the upper cavity 3, the top end face of the sleeve 8 is connected with the bottom end face of the upper contraction air passage 7, and the bottom end face of the sleeve 8 is connected with the top end face of the lower contraction air passage 2. The sleeve 8 divides the upper chamber 3 into a left chamber 32, a middle chamber 31 and a right chamber 33. The left chamber 32 and the right chamber 33 are both closed chambers. The upper contraction air passage 7, the middle chamber 31, the lower contraction air passage 2 and the lower cavity 1 are communicated with each other. The sleeve 8 is arranged, so that air only flows in the sleeve 8 after entering the upper cavity 3, and the Karman vortex street effect is generated after the air flows through the upper streaming cylinder 6 or the lower streaming cylinder 11 at a high flow speed.
An upper streaming cylinder 6 and a lower streaming cylinder 11 are arranged in the sleeve 8, the upper streaming cylinder 6 is located at the junction of the middle chamber 31 and the upper contraction air passage 7, and the lower streaming cylinder 11 is located at the junction of the middle chamber 31 and the lower contraction air passage 2. Three groups of dielectric elastomer films 10 which are sequentially arranged are arranged between the upper streaming cylinder and the lower streaming cylinder, the dielectric elastomer films 10 have large power generation specific energy which is four times that of a piezoelectric ceramic material, the dielectric elastomer films 10 are easy to deform and can be directly coupled with an energy source without an intermediate conversion link, the dielectric elastomer films 10 are good in flexibility, impact-resistant, low in material density and low in cost, and the power generation characteristics of the power generation device can be met under wide temperature and humidity ranges. The first permanent magnets 9 are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle position of each group of dielectric elastomer films 10, namely, the first permanent magnets 9 are six in total. A row of second permanent magnets 5 corresponding to the first permanent magnets 9 one by one are respectively arranged in the left cavity and the right cavity, a row of piezoelectric cantilever beams 4 corresponding to the second permanent magnets 5 one by one are respectively arranged in the left cavity and the right cavity, and one second permanent magnet 5 is correspondingly fixed on one piezoelectric cantilever beam 4.
The length of the upper and lower streaming cylinders is 24 cm-35 cm, preferably 35 cm. The gap between two adjacent groups of the dielectric elastomer films 10 is 3 cm-5 cm, and preferably 4.5 cm. The width of each set of the dielectric elastomer films 10 is 4cm to 6cm, preferably 6 cm. Therefore, the piezoelectric cantilever beam 4 is ensured to have a proper width, the piezoelectric cantilever beam is not easily broken due to over-narrow width, and the swing amplitude of the piezoelectric cantilever beam 4 is not small due to over-wide width, so that the generating capacity of the generating set is ensured.
A certain gap needs to exist between the first permanent magnet 9 and the second permanent magnet 5 corresponding to the first permanent magnet, if the gap is too large, the interaction force between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is reduced, the generated energy of the power generation device is influenced, and if the gap is too small, the interaction force between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet can be offset with the transverse action force of the karman vortex street. Therefore, the gap between the first permanent magnet and the corresponding second permanent magnet is preferably 3cm to 5cm, and preferably 5 cm.
When wave crests enter the lower cavity 1 to form an oscillating water column to rise, the pressure in the lower cavity 1 rises, gas is pressed into the middle cavity 31 of the upper cavity 3 from the lower cavity 1 through the lower contraction air passage 2, the lower streaming cylinder 11 is fixed at the joint of the middle cavity 31 and the lower contraction air passage 2, when the air flow 15 streams through the lower streaming cylinder 11, the front bus and the rear bus periodically fall off to form double-line vortex with opposite rotating directions and regular arrangement, and the front-going movement of the respective vortex is kept, the vortex is interfered and attracted mutually at a position far away from the lower streaming cylinder 11, the interference is gradually increased to form a nonlinear vortex street, the transverse airflow acting force generated by the Karman vortex street 16 under the nonlinear action drives the dielectric elastomer film 10 to deform to generate a transverse acting force, the deformation of the dielectric elastomer film 10 drives the first permanent magnet 9 to swing left and right, the first permanent magnet 9 drives the second permanent magnet 5 corresponding to the first permanent magnet to move, the second permanent magnet 5 is fixed on the piezoelectric cantilever beam 4, the piezoelectric cantilever beam 4 deforms along with the swinging, the dielectric elastomer material in a stretching state is charged by using the voltage generated by the piezoelectric cantilever beam 4, specifically, as shown in fig. 4, after the piezoelectric cantilever beam 4 generates electricity, the generated electricity charges the capacitor 14, the voltage of the capacitor 14 continuously rises, after the dielectric elastomer film 10 deforms, the triode 13 is opened, the capacitor 14 charges the dielectric elastomer film 10, when the first permanent magnet 9 restores to the original position, the dielectric elastomer film 10 recovers along with the restoration, and simultaneously, due to the approach of like charges, the opposite charges are separated, the maxwell electrostatic force does negative work, and the voltage increases. Therefore, the oscillatory water column self-excitation type wave energy composite power generation device based on the Karman vortex street effect is formed.
Similarly, when the wave trough enters the lower cavity 1, the pressure in the lower cavity 1 is reduced, the outside air flows into the middle chamber 31 of the upper cavity 3 through the upper contraction air passage 7, the upper streaming cylinder 6 is arranged at the joint of the middle chamber 31 and the upper contraction air passage 7, and the upper airflow flows through the upper streaming cylinder 6 to drive the piezoelectric cantilever beam 4 and the dielectric elastomer film 10 to generate power.
Parts which are not described in the invention can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. Oscillating water column self-excitation formula wave energy composite power generation facility based on karman vortex street effect, including top-down consecutive last shrink air flue, last cavity, shrink air flue and lower cavity down, go up the upper portion of shrink air flue and seted up gaseous access & exit, the sea water access & exit has been seted up to the lower part of lower cavity, is provided with sleeve, its characterized in that in the last cavity: the top end surface of the sleeve is connected with the bottom end surface of the upper contraction air passage, the bottom end surface of the sleeve is connected with the top end surface of the lower contraction air passage, the sleeve divides the upper cavity into a left cavity, a middle cavity and a right cavity, the upper contraction air passage, the middle cavity, the lower contraction air passage and the lower cavity are communicated with each other, an upper streaming cylinder and a lower streaming cylinder are arranged in the sleeve, the upper streaming cylinder is positioned at the junction of the middle cavity and the upper contraction air passage, the lower streaming cylinder is positioned at the junction of the middle cavity and the lower contraction air passage, a plurality of groups of dielectric elastomer films which are sequentially arranged are arranged between the upper streaming cylinder and the lower streaming cylinder, two sides of the middle position of each group of dielectric elastomer films are respectively provided with a first permanent magnet, a row of second permanent magnets which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first permanent magnets are respectively arranged in the left cavity and the right cavity, and a row, a second permanent magnet is correspondingly fixed on a piezoelectric cantilever beam; the upper contraction air passage is of a tapered structure, the top section of the upper contraction air passage is circular, the bottom section of the upper contraction air passage is oval, and the inner diameter of the upper contraction air passage is reduced from top to bottom in sequence; the lower contraction air passage is of a tapered structure, the top section of the lower contraction air passage is oval, the bottom section of the lower contraction air passage is circular, and the inner diameter of the lower contraction air passage is reduced from bottom to top in sequence.
2. The karman vortex street effect-based oscillating water column self-excited wave energy composite power generation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the upper and lower streaming cylinders is 24 cm-35 cm.
3. The karman vortex street effect-based oscillating water column self-excited wave energy composite power generation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gap between two adjacent groups of the dielectric elastomer films is 3 cm-5 cm.
4. The karman vortex street effect-based oscillating water column self-excited wave energy composite power generation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of each group of dielectric elastomer films is 4 cm-6 cm.
5. The karman vortex street effect-based oscillating water column self-excited wave energy composite power generation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gap between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet corresponding to the first permanent magnet is 3 cm-5 cm.
6. The karman vortex street effect-based oscillating water column self-excited wave energy hybrid power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the left and right chambers are both closed chambers.
CN201710877995.3A 2017-09-26 2017-09-26 Oscillating water column auto-excitation type wave energy combined generating device based on Karman vortex street effect Expired - Fee Related CN107859588B (en)

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CN108843483B (en) * 2018-06-05 2020-04-07 中国科学院广州能源研究所 High-efficiency conical tube wave power generation device
CN111884539B (en) * 2020-07-14 2022-02-25 山东科技大学 Piezoelectric electromagnetic composite wave floating energy device with vortex-induced bluff body vibration
CN111927694B (en) * 2020-07-16 2021-09-03 山东科技大学 Vortex-induced piezoelectric and four-rod stretching dielectric elastomer deformation power generation wave energy collecting device
CN115452315B (en) * 2022-08-26 2024-07-05 南京航空航天大学 Liquid-filled frequency-adjustable streaming device

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GB0525989D0 (en) * 2005-12-21 2006-02-01 Qinetiq Ltd Generation of electrical power from fluid flows
CN102220941A (en) * 2010-04-13 2011-10-19 李亚平 Karman vortex street power generation device
AU2013255987B2 (en) * 2012-05-04 2017-10-12 Reginald Friedenthal Apparatus for generating energy
CA2797606A1 (en) * 2012-11-20 2014-05-20 Kristopher K. Butler Vortex shedding electrical generator
CN104500325A (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-04-08 涂崇贵 Sea wave power generation set
CN106385200B (en) * 2016-10-18 2018-05-22 青岛大学 A kind of flexible piezoelectric power generator based on Karman vortex street effect

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