CN107855526A - A kind of powder quantitative feeder for selective laser fusing 3D printing - Google Patents
A kind of powder quantitative feeder for selective laser fusing 3D printing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107855526A CN107855526A CN201711386100.2A CN201711386100A CN107855526A CN 107855526 A CN107855526 A CN 107855526A CN 201711386100 A CN201711386100 A CN 201711386100A CN 107855526 A CN107855526 A CN 107855526A
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- Prior art keywords
- powder
- casing
- letting out
- powdering
- axle
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/52—Hoppers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/57—Metering means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of powder quantitative feeder for selective laser fusing 3D printing, including powder supplying mechanism, the Guo Fen mechanisms, the control system that are fixed on below the powder supplying mechanism；The Guo Fen mechanisms include letting out powder casing, letting out powder axle, let out powder motor；The powder casing of letting out includes the first casing, and the top of first casing is provided with the powder inlet connected with the powder supplying mechanism, and its bottom is provided with meal outlet；The powder axle of letting out includes letting out powder axle main body and lets out powder shaft end, and the powder axle main body of letting out picks up powder groove provided with single one axial direction；The powder axle main body of letting out is rotatably installed in first casing, and first casing is divided into not connected headroom and bottom space；The powder motor of letting out is arranged on described one end for letting out powder casing, and its output shaft lets out powder shaft end drive connection with described；The control system electrically connects with the powder motor of letting out.The present invention lets out powder axle using single groove, and compared with splined shaft of the prior art, its profile is simple, and manufacture requires relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing field, more particularly to a kind of powder weight feed for selective laser fusing 3D printing
Device.
Background technology
With the development of science and technology, the method for metal parts 3D printing is varied, and wherein selective laser is melted
It is a kind of more commonly used 3D printing method.Selective laser smelting technology needs in forming process that metal dust in constituency is complete
Running down, it is therefore desirable to before high power density laser device laser beam starts scanning, first metal dust tiling to shaping lifting
On printing substrate on platform, powder that then laser beam will optionally be melted on substrate by the profile information of current layer, processing
Go out the profile of current layer, be then molded the distance that lifting platform declines a figure layer thickness, then on manufactured current layer upper berth
Metal dust, equipment are called in next figure layer and are processed, so processes layer by layer, until whole part completion of processing.Whole processing
Process is carried out in the forming room for vacuumizing or being connected with protective gas, anti-to avoid metal from occurring at high temperature with other gases
Should.
Powder feeder unit of the prior art generally realizes powder supplies by one letting out the splined shaft rotated in powder casing,
Be distributed with multiple keyways, but the complex contour of this splined shaft on the periphery of the splined shaft, manufacture require and manufacturing cost compared with
It is high；Second, the splined shaft of this multiple-grooved is difficult to accurately control its powder supplies amount, and powder supplies amount accurately can not be adjusted
It is whole；3rd, if cooperation tension of the splined shaft with letting out powder cabinet wall, splined shaft are easily stuck, smooth can not rotated, if
Splined shaft and funnel fit clearance are excessive, then powder easily leaks, and cause splined shaft and let out the fit clearance between powder casing
Design it is especially difficult, add design and manufacture difficulty；In addition, traditional quantitative powder feeder unit requires that the powder of supply must be protected
Particularly preferred mobility is held, not so powder, which is easy to reunion, to let out down under gravity, and which has limited metal parts 3D to beat
Print the selection of powder sort.
The content of the invention
Based on this, required it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of manufacture and what manufacturing cost was relatively low is used for selective laser
Melt the powder quantitative feeder of 3D printing.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of powder quantitative feeder for selective laser fusing 3D printing, including powder supplying mechanism, be fixed on it is described
Guo Fen mechanisms and control system below powder supplying mechanism；The Guo Fen mechanisms include letting out powder casing, letting out powder axle, let out powder motor；
The powder casing of letting out includes the first casing, and the top of first casing is provided with the powder inlet connected with the powder supplying mechanism, its
Bottom is provided with meal outlet；The powder axle of letting out includes letting out powder axle main body and lets out powder shaft end, and the powder axle main body of letting out is provided with single
One axial direction pick up powder groove；The powder axle main body of letting out is rotatably installed in first casing, and by first case
Body is divided into not connected headroom and bottom space；The powder motor of letting out is arranged on described one end for letting out powder casing, its
Output shaft lets out powder shaft end drive connection with described；The control system electrically connects with the powder motor of letting out.
The powder quantitative feeder of the present invention, powder axle is let out using single groove, compared with splined shaft of the prior art, outside it
Shape is simple, and manufacture requires relatively low, can effectively realize the weight feed of powder.
Further, the powder casing of letting out also includes the second casing, its be fixed on first casing and let out powder motor it
Between, the powder shaft end of letting out is extend out in the second casing from described one end for letting out powder axle main body, with the output for letting out powder motor
Axle drive connection；The both sides of second casing are respectively equipped with the first proximity switch and the second proximity switch, and described first is close
Switch and the second proximity switch are coaxially fixed, central shaft pass through described in let out the central shaft of powder axle and normal thereto, it is described to let out powder
Be fixed with sensing chip on the outer wall of shaft end, when it is described let out powder axle and turn over 180 ° when, the sensing chip is from described first close to opening
Rotated at the induction range of pass to the induction range of second proximity switch；First proximity switch and second is close to opening
Pass electrically connects with the control system respectively.
Further, the Guo Fen mechanisms also include at least a piece of dismountable adjustment with volume nodal plate, the adjustment with volume nodal plate
Can be fixed on it is described pick up in powder groove, make shown in pick up powder groove cavity volume reduce；The inner chamber picked up powder groove and formed
For rectangular shape, the cross section of the adjustment with volume nodal plate is identical with the shape size of the cross section for picking up powder groove, and it is thick
Degree is less than the depth for picking up powder groove；The bottom surface for picking up powder groove is provided with screwed hole, the adjustment with volume nodal plate be provided with
Its corresponding screwed hole, the adjustment with volume nodal plate can be removably attached to described pick up in powder groove by screw.
By dismountable adjustment with volume nodal plate, the volume of ten powder grooves can be easily adjusted, and then adjusts powder supplies
Amount, simple to operate, adjustment is more accurate, improves powder using efficiency.
Further, the powder axle of letting out also includes flexible shaft sleeve, and it is arranged and is fixed on the outer wall for letting out powder axle main body
On, do not cover and described pick up powder groove；Joint place be present between the inwall of the flexible shaft sleeve and first casing, make described
The headroom and bottom space of one casing keep separating；The flexible shaft sleeve can let out powder axle synchronous rotary with described, and it can phase
The inwall of first casing is rotated.
Let out powder axle to realize by flexible shaft sleeve and let out the tight fit between powder casing, prevent powder leakage, while can be right
Enter row buffering into flexible shaft sleeve and the metal dust for letting out powder cabinet wall, anti-stopping leak powder axle is stuck.
Further, the envelope powder for being located at the V-groove at top and being communicated in below V-groove is provided with first casing
Groove, the top of the envelope powder tank is semicircle, and its bottom is downward through first casing；The powder axle of letting out is arranged on the envelope
The top of powder tank, and by the flexible shaft sleeve and the top inner wall of the envelope powder tank formed it is local be bonded, the V-groove is formed
The bottom space of first casing is formed on the headroom of first casing, the bottom of the envelope powder tank.
Further, the powder supplying mechanism includes supplying powder casing and perturbation mechanism, and the perturbation mechanism includes being fixed on institute
State at least one disturbance motor for powder casing top, and installed in for powder box house and with the output of the disturbance motor
The disturbing rod of axle drive connection.
The increase perturbation mechanism metal dust poor to mobility disturbs, and promotes its whereabouts.
Further, the first ventilation flange for being provided with the first passage for powder casing top and being fixed thereon,
The 3rd casing let out powder casing and also include being fixed on first bottom half and communicating with the meal outlet of the first casing, institute
State the second ventilation flange that the side wall of the 3rd casing is provided with the second passage and is fixed thereon；Also include an air pressure balance
Pipe, its both ends are fixed with the described first ventilation flange and the second ventilation flange respectively, first passage and second is ventilated
Hole connects.
Increase barometric pipe, prevent from supplying during powder due to causing powder for the draught head between powder casing and the 3rd casing
The problem of can not falling.
Further, it is described for powder casing be funnel-form, its top be provided with one it is openable supply powder Box Cover, its bottom and
The powder inlet of first casing top communicates；The disturbing rod is wave-like or spiral-shaped, and it is vertically installed at described
For powder box house.
Further, in addition to shaping mechanism and the powdering mechanism in shaping mechanism；The shaping mechanism bag
Forming room and the shaping lifting platform in forming room are included, the shaping lifting platform includes the stand with hollow cavity, with
And the lifting platform in stand hollow cavity, the lifting platform electrically connect with the control system；The top of the lifting platform
Face is support face, can successively be declined with the lifting platform；The top surface of the stand is working face, and the powdering mechanism is movably
It is arranged on the working face；The bottom of 3rd casing and the top surface of the forming room are fixed, the 3rd casing and institute
State the top that forming room connects and is located at the first side of the working face.
Further, the powdering mechanism includes a powdering scraper plate, and the powdering scraper plate can be controlled by the control system,
From the first side uniform motion of the working face to its second side, and reset；
Or the powdering mechanism includes powdering box and the first powdering scraper plate for being separately fixed at powdering box both sides and the
Two powdering scraper plates；The powdering cassette bottom portion is provided with powdering mouth, and the powdering box can be controlled by the control system, from the work
The first side uniform motion in face is to its second side, from the second side uniform motion to the first side of the working face.
In order to more fully understand and implement, the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of the powder quantitative supply device of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the powder quantitative supply device of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 3 is the top view of the Guo Fen mechanisms of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 4 is the stereogram for letting out powder axle of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 5 is the profile of C-C in Fig. 3；
Fig. 6 is the shaping mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention one and the structural representation of powdering mechanism；
Fig. 7 is the shaping mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention two and the structural representation of powdering mechanism.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The powder quantitative feeder for being used for selective laser fusing 3D printing of the present invention, including powder supplying mechanism, air pressure are put down
Weigh pipe, Guo Fen mechanisms, shaping mechanism, powdering mechanism and control system.
Fig. 1 and 2 is referred to, the powder supplying mechanism includes supplying powder casing 11 and perturbation mechanism.It is described to supply powder casing 11 as leakage
Bucket-shaped, its top is openable for powder Box Cover 111 provided with one, and its bottom is entered with the first casing top of the Guo Fen mechanisms
Powder mouth 3112 communicates.The first ventilation flange 112 for being provided with the first passage for the top of powder casing 11 and being fixed thereon.
The perturbation mechanism includes being fixed at least one disturbance motor 121 for the top of powder casing 11, and installed in for powder
The inside of casing 11 and three disturbing rods for passing through the drive connection of first shaft coupling 122 with the output shaft for disturbing motor 121
123.Preferably three disturbance motors in the present embodiment, it can use DC speed-reducing.The disturbing rod 123 be wave-like or
Spiral-shaped, it is vertically installed at described supply inside powder casing 11.After opening disturbance motor 121, disturbing rod 123 rotates, to supplying
Powder in powder casing 11 is stirred, and makes to let out under its is smooth, prevents the powder of poor fluidity to be stuck in in powder casing 11, if institute
It is preferable using powder flowbility, also can be without using perturbation mechanism.
Referring to Fig. 3, the Guo Fen mechanisms are fixed on the lower section of the powder supplying mechanism.The Guo Fen mechanisms include letting out powder case
Body, let out powder axle 32, let out powder motor 33 and adjustment with volume nodal plate.The powder casing of letting out includes the first casing 311, the and of the second casing 312
3rd casing 313, the top of first casing 311 are provided with the powder inlet 3112 connected with the powder supplying mechanism, and its bottom is set
There is meal outlet 3114.The powder axle 32 of letting out includes letting out powder axle main body 321 and lets out powder shaft end 322.The powder axle main body 321 of letting out
Both ends are rotatably installed in first casing 311 by rolling bearing, and its both ends is close to two sides of the first casing 311
Wall, makes to let out between the both ends of powder axle main body 321 and the side wall of the first casing 311 and is bonded without leaving space, prevent powder from this
Place's leakage downwards.Second casing 312 is fixed on one end of first casing 311, and the powder motor 33 of letting out is arranged on institute
One end of the second casing 312 is stated, the powder shaft end 322 of letting out extend out to the second casing 312 from described one end for letting out powder axle main body
It is interior, pass through second shaft coupling 34 and the output shaft drive connection for letting out powder motor 33.The both sides difference of second casing 312
Provided with the first proximity switch 3121 and the second proximity switch 3122, the proximity switch 3122 of the first proximity switch 3121 and second
It is coaxial fixed, central shaft pass through described in let out the central shaft of powder axle and normal thereto, it is solid on the outer wall for letting out powder shaft end 322
Surely have sensing chip 3221, when it is described let out powder axle and turn over 180 ° when, the sensing chip 3221 is from first proximity switch 3121
Rotated at induction range to the induction range of second proximity switch 3122, when letting out powder axle and turning over 180 ° again, the sensing
Piece 3221 is rotated at the induction range of second proximity switch 3122 to the induction range of first proximity switch 3121
Place.The control system electrically connects with powder motor 33, the first proximity switch 3121 and second proximity switch 3122 let out respectively.
Figure 4 and 5 are referred to, the powder axle main body 321 of letting out picks up powder groove 3211 provided with single one axial direction.It is described to let out
Powder axle also includes flexible shaft sleeve 323, the flexible shaft sleeve 323 be arranged and be fixed on it is described let out on the outer wall of powder axle main body 321, no
Cover and described pick up powder groove 3211.Flexibility refer specifically to it is flexible, can deformation speciality, can be specifically flexible gum cover.It is described soft
Property axle sleeve 323 and first casing 311 inwall between joint place be present, the joint place be fitted close, by first case
Body 311 is divided into not connected headroom and bottom space, i.e. the powder positioned at headroom can not be fallen into by gap
Gone to bottom space.When the flexible shaft sleeve 323 with it is described let out powder axle synchronous rotary when, its relatively described first casing 311
Inwall rotates, and makes the headroom of first casing 311 and bottom space keep separating, prevents that powder is downward from headroom
Leak to bottom space.Meanwhile although powder will not be revealed directly down, inevitable that a small amount of powder particle enters
Let out between powder axle and the inwall of the first casing 311, and flexible shaft sleeve 323 can produce deformation, can enter row buffering to powder particle, prevent
Powder, which is stuck in, to be let out between powder axle and the inwall of the first casing 311, causes to let out powder axle main body 321 stuck in the first casing 311.Specifically
Ground, first casing 311 is interior to be provided with the envelope powder tank 3113 for being located at the V-groove 3111 at top and being communicated in below V-groove, the V
The open top of type groove 3111 forms powder inlet 3112, and the top of the envelope powder tank 3113 is semicircle, and its bottom is passed through downwards
First casing 311 is worn, forms meal outlet 3114；The powder axle of letting out is arranged on the top of the envelope powder tank 3113, and passes through
The flexible shaft sleeve 323 and the semicircular upper inside wall of the envelope powder tank 3113, which are formed, local is bonded the (bottom of V-groove 3111
Leave blank, thus be not bonded), the V-groove 3111 forms the headroom of first casing 311, the envelope powder tank 3113
The bottom space of first casing 311 formed on bottom, described to let out powder axle by the flexible shaft sleeve 323 by the V-groove
3111 bottom spaces that are formed with the bottom of envelope powder tank 3113 of headrooms formed are kept apart, and prevent powder from from V-type
Groove 3111 leaks to downwards envelope powder tank 3113 bottom by the inwall gap of the first casing 311.At home position, it is recessed that this picks up powder
Groove 3211 is communicated in the lower section of V-groove 3111, and powder enters from V-groove 3111 picks up powder groove 3211, picks up powder groove 3211 through rotation
After turning 180 °, powder is poured onto envelope powder tank 3113 bottom.V-groove 3111 and seal powder tank 3113 bottom space between every
From ensure that rotation of the powder only by picking up powder groove 3211 is transmitted, prevent powder from being dropped via gap.In other implementations
In mode, the inwall of the first casing can also be other shapes, and flexible shaft sleeve and the first cabinet wall can paste in other positions
Close, the V-groove can be substituted for U-type groove, and the envelope powder tank can also use other shapes.
It is specifically, described that to pick up the inner chamber that powder groove 3211 is formed be rectangular shape, the adjustment with volume nodal plate it is transversal
Face is identical with the shape size of the cross section for picking up powder groove 3211, and its thickness is less than the depth for picking up powder groove 3211；
The bottom surface for picking up powder groove 3211 is provided with screwed hole, and the adjustment with volume nodal plate is provided with its corresponding screwed hole, the appearance
Product adjustment sheet can be removably attached to by screw it is described pick up in powder groove 3211, subtract the cavity volume for picking up powder groove
It is small.
3rd casing 313 be fixed on the bottom of the first casing 311 and with the phase of meal outlet 3114 of the first casing 311
The second ventilation flange 3131 logical, that the side wall of the 3rd casing 313 is provided with the second passage and is fixed thereon.The gas
Press the both ends of balance pipe 2 to be fixed respectively with the described first ventilation ventilation flange 3131 of flange 112 and second, make first ventilation
Hole connects with the second passage, and the draught head for preventing from supplying between the casing 313 of powder casing 11 and the 3rd causes what powder can not fall to ask
Topic.
Referring to Fig. 6, the shaping mechanism includes forming room 41 and the shaping lifting platform in forming room 41, it is described
Being molded lifting platform includes the T stage frame 421 with hollow cavity, and the lifting platform in the hollow cavity of stand 421
422, the lifting platform 422 electrically connects with the control system；The top surface of the lifting platform 422 is support face 4221, can be with institute
Lifting platform is stated successively to decline, the top surface of the stand 421 is working face 4211, the support face 4221, working face 4211 and
The hollow cavity wall of stand 421 forms a molding space 423, and part processing in this molding space 423 is formed, molding space
423 top surface is effective working face 42111, to carry out selective laser fusing in powder tiling to the face.
The powdering mechanism is arranged in forming room 41, and is movably disposed on the working face 4211；Described
The bottom of three casings 313 and the top surface of the forming room 41 are fixed, and the 3rd casing 313 is connected with the forming room 41 and position
In the top of the first side of the working face 4211 so that the powder fallen from the first casing 311 is straight after the 3rd casing 313
Connect the first side position for falling on working face 4211.The powdering mechanism includes a powdering scraper plate 51, and the powdering scraper plate 51 can be by institute
The instruction control that control system sends is stated, from the first side uniform motion of the working face 4211 to its second side, by powder
Tiling effectively on working face 42111, and reset rapidly, realizes unidirectional powdering to described.Specifically, the powdering scraper plate 51 can pass through
Conveyer belt is detected its position and is fed back to control system, control system is controlled by powdering motor driven by proximity switch
Powdering motor forward or reverse moves back and forth to realize.
The powder quantitative feeder of the present invention can be with laser, and the phase of other selective lasers fusing 3D printer
Equipment is answered, collectively constitutes selective laser fusing 3D printer.The laser and other relevant devices can use prior art,
This is not repeated.
In the present embodiment, the amount of powder that powdering box is once loaded is only used for the 3D printing of the single synusia of part.This reality
The course of work for applying the powder quantitative feeder of example one is as follows：
Step 1：Adjustment with volume nodal plate is installed, the dischargeable capacity of powder groove 3211 is picked up in regulation.
Assuming that need one 316L stainless steel parts of 3D printing, powder for spherical aerosolization 316L stainless steel powders, particle diameter
Size is 15-53um, and powder flowbility is good.If the thickness of printing is 30um, the area of the working face 4211 of lifting platform is molded
For 100mm*100mm, the volume for picking up powder groove 3211 is 100mm*10mm*10mm, and adjustment with volume nodal plate is rectangle, preferably stainless
Steel disc is made, and its specification has tri- kinds of specifications of 100mm*10mm*1mm, 100mm*10mm*0.1mm, 100mm*10mm*0.05mm.Cause
The thickness of part is 30um, and the powder supplies amount needed for every layer only needs 100mm*100mm*0.03mm in theory, but considers
To during powdering, residual is had on working face 4211, actually the supply of every layer of powder need to suitably be increased, using 9
The adjustment with volume nodal plate superposition of 100mm*10mm*1mm specifications, 9 100mm*10mm*0.1mm specifications, which is installed to, picks up in powder tank, this
Sample, each powder supplies amount are 100mm*100mm*0.05mm.
Step 2：Complete the rationing of single-layer metal powder.
Barometric pipe 2 is pulled down, stainless steel powder is encased in in powder casing 11, or directly from the first ventilation flange 112
Take apart and supply powder Box Cover 111, pour into stainless steel powder.The good fluidity of 316L stainless steel metal powder because used by, disturbance
Mechanism may be selected close, at this moment for powder during, the flowing of powder is only by weight-driven.The original for letting out powder axle of Guo Fen mechanisms is set
Beginning, position was to pick up the position above the face of powder groove 3211, and powder down is filled into ten powder grooves 3211, and sensing chip 3221 is aligned
First proximity switch 3121, after letting out 180 ° of powder axle rotation for powder motor driven, sensing chip 3221 is directed at the second proximity switch 3122,
Control system receives the feedback of the second proximity switch 3122, and control is stopped for powder motor, makes to pick up powder groove 3211 towards underface,
Stainless steel powder due to Action of Gravity Field act on, under fall on shaping lifting platform working face 4211 on, realize individual layer powder quantitatively confession
Should, powder supplies amount is to pick up the volume of powder groove 3211.Completion is let out under powder, after default interval time, lets out powder motor 33
Rotate, be stopped when sensing chip 3221 is directed at the first proximity switch 3121 again again, make to let out powder axle and return to home position,
Refill powder.In other embodiments, if individual layer powder supply is larger, control system is according to thickness information, meter
Calculate and control and let out powder axle working in reciprocating mode, repeatedly let out powder, powder supplies amount is to pick up the volume of powder groove 3211 and let out powder axle to rotate week
Several products.
Step 3：Powdering scraper plate 51 will be located at work from the first side uniform motion of the working face 4211 to its second side
The powder of the side of face 4211 is flat to be scraped on effective working face 42111, then rapid to reset, and realizes unidirectional powdering.
Step 4：Control system control laser transmitting laser melts the powder in constituency, forms a part synusia,
Then control shaping lifting platform declines a thickness.
Step 5：Repeat step 2-4, until completing the 3D printing of whole part.
Embodiment two
The structure substantially phase of the powder quantitative feeder of the present embodiment two and the powder quantitative feeder of embodiment one
Together, the main distinction is powdering mechanism：Referring to Fig. 7, the powdering mechanism includes powdering box 52 and is separately fixed at powdering
The the first powdering scraper plate 53 and the second powdering scraper plate 54 of the both sides of box 52；The bottom of powdering box 52 is provided with powdering mouth, the powdering
Box 52 can be controlled by instruction that the control system is sent, from the first side uniform motion of the working face 4211 to its second
Side, the synchronizing moving of the first powdering scraper plate 53, powder is tiled to described effectively on working face 42111, one layer of completion adds
After work, the powdering box 52 is from the second side uniform motion to the first side of the working face 4211, and the second powdering scraper plate 54 is synchronously
It is mobile, powder is tiled and effectively on working face 42111, realizes two-way powder laying to described.
In the present embodiment, the amount of powder that powdering box is once loaded can be used for the 3D printing of the multiple synusia of part.This reality
The course of work for applying the powder quantitative feeder of example two is as follows：
Step 1：Adjustment with volume nodal plate is installed, the dischargeable capacity of powder groove 3211 is picked up in regulation.
Assuming that need one AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy part of 3D printing, powder for spherical aerosolization AlSi10Mg powder, grain
Footpath size is 15-53um, and powder flowbility is poor.If the thickness of printing is 30um, the face of the working face 4211 of lifting platform is molded
Product is 100mm*100mm, and the volume for picking up powder groove 3211 is 100mm*10mm*10mm, and adjustment with volume nodal plate is rectangle, preferably not
Rust steel disc is made, and its specification has tri- kinds of specifications of 100mm*10mm*1mm, 100mm*10mm*0.1mm, 100mm*10mm*0.05mm.
If the part needs 150 layers of printing, and the amount of powder once loaded can be used for 50 layers of printing, because the thickness of part is
30um, the powder supplies amount needed for 50 layers only need 100mm*100mm*1.5mm in theory, but in view of during powdering,
Residual is had on working face 4211, actually the supply of every layer of powder need to suitably be increased, is advised using 8 100mm*10mm*1mm
The adjustment with volume nodal plate superposition of lattice, which is installed to, picks up in powder tank, and so, each powder supplies amount is 100mm*100mm*2mm.
Step 2：Complete the rationing of multilayer (50 layers) metal dust.
Barometric pipe 2 is pulled down, Al alloy powder is encased in in powder casing 11, or directly from the first ventilation flange 112
Take apart and supply powder Box Cover 111, pour into Al alloy powder.The mobility of AlSi10Mg Al alloy powders is poor because used by, disturbs machine
Structure for selecting during powder to open, at this moment for powder during, the flowing of powder is by gravity and disturbance synergy.Powder is let out in setting
The home position for letting out powder axle of mechanism is to pick up the position above the face of powder groove 3211, and powder down is filled into ten powder grooves
3211, sensing chip 3221 is directed at the first proximity switch 3121, and after letting out 180 ° of powder axle rotation for powder motor driven, sensing chip 3221 is right
Accurate second proximity switch 3122, control system receive the feedback of the second proximity switch 3122, and control is stopped for powder motor, makes to pick up powder
Groove 3211 towards underface, stainless steel powder because Action of Gravity Field acts on, under fall in the powdering box 52 on working face 4211, it is real
The supply of multilayer powder quantitatively is showed, powder supplies amount is to pick up the volume of powder groove 3211.Completion is let out under powder, at default interval
After time, let out powder motor 33 and rotate again, be stopped when sensing chip 3221 is directed at the first proximity switch 3121 again, make to let out
Powder axle returns to home position, refills powder.
Step 3：Powdering box 52 passes through powdering mouth from the first side uniform motion of the working face 4211 to its second side
Powder is constantly trickled down to working face 4211, the synchronizing moving of the first powdering scraper plate 53, powder tiled to effective work
Make on face 42111.
Step 4：Control system control laser transmitting laser melts the powder in constituency, forms a part synusia,
Then control shaping lifting platform declines a thickness.
Step 5：Powdering box 52 passes through powdering mouth from the second side uniform motion of the working face 4211 to its first side
Powder is constantly trickled down to working face 4211, the synchronizing moving of the second powdering scraper plate 54, powder tiled to effective work
Make on face 42111.
Step 6：Control system control laser transmitting laser melts the powder in constituency, forms a part synusia,
Then control shaping lifting platform declines a thickness.
Step 7：Repeat step 3-6, it is continuously finished 50 layers of 3D printing.
Step 8：Repeat step 2-7, until completing totally 150 layers of 3D printing.
When powder leaks into powdering box 52, there may be residual powder in powdering box 52 so that powder leaks into powdering box 52
Afterwards, total amount of powder exceedes the amount of powder loaded needed for powdering box 52, and such case can be by controlling powdering box 52 to rest on work
The position of the side of face 4,211 first, the first powdering scraper plate 53 of powdering box 52 and the first side edge of working face 4211 is set to form an excessive powder
Mouthful realize the spilling of excessive powder to solve.
The powder quantitative feeder of the present invention, powder axle is let out using single groove, compared with splined shaft of the prior art, outside it
Shape is simple, and manufacture requires relatively low, can effectively realize the weight feed of powder；Further, dismountable volume adjustment is passed through
Piece, the volume of ten powder grooves can be easily adjusted, and then adjust powder supplies amount, simple to operate, adjustment is more accurate,
Improve powder using efficiency；Further, let out powder axle to realize by flexible shaft sleeve and let out the tight fit between powder casing, prevent powder
End leakage, while row buffering can be entered to entering flexible shaft sleeve and letting out the metal dust of powder cabinet wall, anti-stopping leak powder axle is stuck；Enter
One step, the increase perturbation mechanism metal dust poor to mobility disturbs, and promotes its whereabouts；Increase barometric pipe,
Prevent from supplying during powder due to the problem of causing powder not fall for the draught head between powder casing and the 3rd casing.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", " under ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer " are
Based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, it is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than instruction or dark
Show that the device of meaning or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, thus it is it is not intended that right
The limitation of the present invention.In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple " are meant that two or more.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Can not therefore it be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that come for one of ordinary skill in the art
Say, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Scope.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. powder quantitative feeder for selective laser fusing 3D printing, it is characterised in that：Including powder supplying mechanism, admittedly Guo Fen mechanisms and the control system being scheduled on below the powder supplying mechanism；The Guo Fen mechanisms include let out powder casing, let out powder axle, Let out powder motor；The powder casing of letting out includes the first casing, and the top of first casing is provided with what is connected with the powder supplying mechanism Powder inlet, its bottom are provided with meal outlet；The powder axle of letting out includes letting out powder axle main body and lets out powder shaft end, described to let out in powder axle main body Powder groove is picked up provided with single one axial direction；The powder axle main body of letting out is rotatably installed in first casing, and by institute State the first casing and be divided into not connected headroom and bottom space；The powder motor of letting out lets out powder casing installed in described One end, its output shaft let out powder shaft end drive connection with described；The control system electrically connects with the powder motor of letting out.
- 2. the powder quantitative feeder according to claim 1 for selective laser fusing 3D printing, it is characterised in that： The powder casing of letting out also includes the second casing, described to let out powder shaft end between it is fixed on first casing and lets out powder motor It is extend out to from described one end for letting out powder axle main body in the second casing, with the output shaft drive connection for letting out powder motor；Described The both sides of two casings are respectively equipped with the first proximity switch and the second proximity switch, first proximity switch and the second proximity switch It is coaxial fixed, the central shaft of powder axle and normal thereto, fixation on the outer wall for letting out powder shaft end are let out described in central shaft process Have sensing chip, when it is described let out powder axle and turn over 180 ° when, the sensing chip rotates at the induction range of first proximity switch To the induction range of second proximity switch；First proximity switch and the second proximity switch are respectively with the control System electrical connection.
- 3. the powder quantitative feeder according to claim 1 for selective laser fusing 3D printing, it is characterised in that： The Guo Fen mechanisms also include at least a piece of dismountable adjustment with volume nodal plate, and the adjustment with volume nodal plate can be fixed on that described to pick up powder recessed In groove, reduce the shown cavity volume for picking up powder groove；Described to pick up the inner chamber that powder groove is formed be rectangular shape, the appearance The cross section of product adjustment sheet is with the shape size of the cross section for picking up powder groove identical, and its thickness is less than the powder groove that picks up Depth；The bottom surface for picking up powder groove is provided with screwed hole, and the adjustment with volume nodal plate is provided with its corresponding screwed hole, the appearance Product adjustment sheet can be removably attached to described pick up in powder groove by screw.
- 4. the powder quantitative feeder according to claim 1 for selective laser fusing 3D printing, it is characterised in that： The powder axle of letting out also includes flexible shaft sleeve, its be arranged and be fixed on it is described let out on the outer wall of powder axle main body, do not cover and described pick up powder Groove；Joint place be present between the inwall of the flexible shaft sleeve and first casing, make the headroom of first casing Keep separating with bottom space；The flexible shaft sleeve can let out powder axle synchronous rotary with described, and it can relatively described first casing Inwall rotates.
- 5. the powder quantitative feeder according to claim 4 for selective laser fusing 3D printing, it is characterised in that： The envelope powder tank for being located at the V-groove at top and being communicated in below V-groove, the top of the envelope powder tank are provided with first casing For semicircle, its bottom is downward through first casing；The powder axle of letting out is arranged on the top of the envelope powder tank, and passes through institute State flexible shaft sleeve and the top inner wall of the envelope powder tank formed it is local be bonded, the V-groove forms the top of first casing The bottom space of first casing is formed on space, the bottom of the envelope powder tank.
- 6. the powder quantitative feeder according to claim 1 for selective laser fusing 3D printing, it is characterised in that： The powder supplying mechanism includes supply powder casing and perturbation mechanism, the perturbation mechanism including be fixed on it is described for powder casing top extremely A few disturbance motor, and installed in for powder box house and with the disturbance of the output shaft drive connection of the disturbance motor Bar.
- 7. the powder quantitative feeder according to claim 6 for selective laser fusing 3D printing, it is characterised in that： The first ventilation flange for being provided with the first passage for powder casing top and being fixed thereon, the powder casing of letting out also include First bottom half and the 3rd casing communicated with the meal outlet of the first casing are fixed on, the side wall of the 3rd casing is set The the second ventilation flange for having the second passage and being fixed thereon；Also include a barometric pipe, its both ends respectively with it is described First ventilation flange and the second ventilation flange are fixed, and first passage is connected with the second passage.
- 8. the powder quantitative feeder according to claim 6 for selective laser fusing 3D printing, it is characterised in that： Described for powder casing be funnel-form, and its top is provided with one and openable supplies powder Box Cover, its bottom and first casing top Powder inlet communicate；The disturbing rod is wave-like or spiral-shaped, and it is vertically installed at described for powder box house.
- 9. the powder quantitative feeder according to claim 7 for selective laser fusing 3D printing, it is characterised in that： Also include shaping mechanism and the powdering mechanism in shaping mechanism；The shaping mechanism include forming room and installed in into Shaping lifting platform in type room, the shaping lifting platform include the stand with hollow cavity, and hollow interior installed in stand Lifting platform in chamber, the lifting platform electrically connect with the control system；The top surface of the lifting platform is support face, can be with described Lifting platform successively declines；The top surface of the stand is working face, and the powdering mechanism is movably disposed on the working face； The bottom of 3rd casing and the top surface of the forming room are fixed, and the 3rd casing connects with the forming room and is located at institute State the top of the first side of working face.
- 10. the powder quantitative feeder according to claim 9 for selective laser fusing 3D printing, its feature exists In：The powdering mechanism includes a powdering scraper plate, and the powdering scraper plate can be controlled by the control system, from the working face First side uniform motion resets to its second side；Or the powdering mechanism includes powdering box and the first powdering scraper plate for being separately fixed at powdering box both sides and the second paving Powder scraper plate；The powdering cassette bottom portion is provided with powdering mouth, and the powdering box can be controlled by the control system, from the working face First side uniform motion is to its second side, from the second side uniform motion to the first side of the working face.
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| CN201711386100.2A CN107855526B (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Powder quantitative supply device for laser selective melting 3D printing |
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| CN201711386100.2A CN107855526B (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Powder quantitative supply device for laser selective melting 3D printing |
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| CN107855526B CN107855526B (en) | 2023-08-15 |
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| CN111112612A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-05-08 | 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 | Quantitative powder supply device for 3D printing of metal |
| KR20200061846A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-06-03 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Different Material Additive Manufacturing Apparatus with Multi Hopper And the Manufacturing Method thereof |
| CN112663053A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 安徽省春谷3D打印智能装备产业技术研究院有限公司 | Powder quantitative supply device for laser cladding 3D printing |
| TWI764476B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-05-11 | 國家中山科學研究院 | quantitative feeding device |
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