CN107852086A - Polyphase inverter - Google Patents

Polyphase inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107852086A
CN107852086A CN201680043954.8A CN201680043954A CN107852086A CN 107852086 A CN107852086 A CN 107852086A CN 201680043954 A CN201680043954 A CN 201680043954A CN 107852086 A CN107852086 A CN 107852086A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
switch
input
battery pack
binding post
phase output
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Granted
Application number
CN201680043954.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107852086B (en
Inventor
T.延拜因
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/10Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/19Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0074Plural converter units whose inputs are connected in series
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

It is used to manipulate multiphase customer the present invention relates to one kind(50)Polyphase inverter(10), the polyphase inverter includes:Multiple input binding posts(25、26、27、28), for connecting at least one first battery pack(21)With at least one second battery pack(22);And multiple phase output terminals(51、52、53), for connecting customer(50), wherein each phase output terminal(51、52、53)All it is assigned with controllable switch(S1、S2、S3、S4、S5;S6、S7、S8、S9、S10;S11、S12、S13、S14、S15)Bridge circuit(31、32、33), by the bridge circuit, the phase output terminal(51、52、53)Can be from different input binding posts(25、26、27、28)Connection.Here, each bridge circuit(31、32、33)All have:Input end switch(S1;S6;S11), the input end switch and first input end binding post(25)Connect and with the phase output terminal(51、52、53)Connection;Multiple Node Switch(S2、S3、S5;S7、S8、S10;S12、S13、S15), the Node Switch and remaining input binding post(26、27、28)Connection and and node(41、42、43)Connection;And output end switch(S4;S9;S14), it is described to export end switch and the node(41、42、43)Connect and with the phase output terminal(51、52、53)Connection.

Description

Polyphase inverter
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polyphase inverter for being used to manipulate multiphase customer, the polyphase inverter includes:It is multiple Input binding post, for connecting at least one first battery pack and at least one second battery pack;And multiple phase outputs End, for connecting customer.
Background technology
In order to manipulate multiphase customer, such as three phase electric machine, it is known that use inverter.This inverter is also referred to as Transverter(Inverter).Inverter can be realized to be fed from direct voltage source, such as battery pack to customer.
Inverter is especially used in motor vehicle, for manipulating three phase electric machine.Inverter is for example also used in photovoltaic It is caused current fed into existing supply network in equipment.
It is well known that following inverter, multiple battery packs, such as two battery packs can connect on the inverter.Right In the case of the corresponding manipulation of inverter, customer can optionally by the first battery pack, by the second battery pack or by The series circuits of two battery packs is fed.Thus, it is possible to supply customer with different high voltage.This inverter Referred to as multistage transverter(Multilevel-Inverter).
From this inverter known in the A1 of DE 10 2,012 012 048.Here, inverter includes:Multiple input terminated lines Terminal, two capacitors are connected on the multiple input binding post;And three phase output terminals, for connecting alternating current Machine.Here, each phase output terminal in three phase output terminals is assigned the bridge circuit with controllable switch, lead to The bridge circuit is crossed, corresponding phase output terminal can connect from different input binding posts.
The A1 of DE 10 2,012 212 556 disclose a kind of with controllable switch and with two phase output terminals Circuit.By the corresponding manipulation to switch, three different voltages can be set between phase output terminal.
The energy storage system with two phase output terminals is learnt from the A1 of DE 10 2,013 215 572.Here, energy storage system has There are multiple multivoltage level current transformers, the multivoltage level current transformer is also referred to as multistage current transformer.
Following energy generation equipment is disclosed in the A1 of DE 10 2,011 056 135, the energy generation equipment has Generator and inverter.Here, inverter is configured to multi-level inverter.
The content of the invention
Propose a kind of polyphase inverter for being used to manipulate multiphase customer.Inverter includes:Multiple input terminals Son, for connecting at least one first battery pack and at least one second battery pack;And multiple phase output terminals, consumed for connecting Electrical equipment.Here, each phase output terminal is assigned the bridge circuit with controllable switch, pass through the bridge circuit, phase Output end can connect from different input binding posts.
According to the present invention, each bridge circuit has input end switch, multiple Node Switch and output end switch. This, the input end switch of each bridge circuit is connected with first input end binding post and is connected with phase output terminal.Each The Node Switch of bridge circuit is all connected with one of remaining input binding post and is connected with node.Each bridge circuit Output end switch be all connected with node and be connected with phase output terminal.Whereby, phase output terminal can be inputted optionally with first Termination line terminals are connected and are connected with node.
Preferably, three phase output terminals are set, for connecting three-phase customer, such as alternating current generator.
Switch is including at least transistor, diode and manipulation unit.Here, diode and transistor wiring so that i.e. Transistor cutoff is set also to have electric current to be flowed along previously given direction.Transistor is preferably bipolar transistor either Insulated gate bipolar transistor(Insulated gate bipolar transistor, IGBT).
Preferably, the first input end binding post for connecting the first battery pack and the second input terminated line are provided with Terminal, and it is provided with the 3rd input binding post and the 4th input binding post for connecting the second battery pack.
Advantageously, inverter is configured such that:In the case where switching off, first input end binding post and second Input binding post is galvanically isolated with the 3rd input binding post and with the 4th input binding post.
Each bridge circuit especially has first nodes switch, the first nodes switch and the second input binding post Connect and be connected with node.Therefore, as input end switch, first nodes switch is connected with the first battery pack.
According to the favourable design of the present invention, first nodes switch is implemented as inverse parallel switch, Er Qiefen Bao Kuo not two transistors, two diodes and a manipulation unit.Here, diode and transistor wiring so that if Transistor cutoff can then flow towards all no electric current of any direction.
Advantageously, inverter is configured such that:If two battery packs are all connected, then in situation about switching off Under, the first battery pack is isolated with the second battery pack current.
Advantageously, according to the inverter of the present invention in the electric vehicle in particular for manipulation three phase electric machine(EV)In, it is mixed Close power car(HEV)In, plug-in hybrid vehicle(PHEV)In or applied in photovoltaic apparatus.If connect Connect two battery packs, then the inverter according to the present invention can be used in all fields in principle.
Advantages of the present invention
In the case of the corresponding manipulation to the inverter according to the present invention, the customer that is connected can optionally by First battery pack, feed by the second battery pack or by the series circuit of two battery packs.Thus, it is possible to different high electricity Press to supply connected customer.Whereby, there is the feature of multistage transverter according to the inverter of the present invention.
Additionally, the customer connected can also be in the situation of the corresponding manipulation to the inverter according to the present invention Under fed by the parallel circuit of two battery packs.Thus, higher electric current can be supplied to what is connected when voltage is identical Customer.
In the case of the parallel circuit for being used to feed to connected customer of two battery packs, the first battery pack Voltage allows the voltage more than the second battery pack.Here, customer is only fed by the first battery pack first, first electricity Pond group is with higher voltage and whereby also with higher charged state.Only when the first battery pack is discharged into two electricity During the approximately uniform degree of the charged state of pond group, the customer connected is just fed by two battery packs.
Therefore, in the first battery pack with higher charged state and the second battery pack with relatively low charged state This parallel circuit in the case of, the first battery pack is discharged into following degree first:Until the charging shape of two battery packs State approximate equalization.Then, two battery pack approximations are similarly discharged.Therefore, in the parallel circuit by two battery packs to institute In the case of the customer feed of connection, the equilibrium of charged state is automatically carried out, this is also referred to as balanced(Balancing).
Brief description of the drawings
Embodiments of the present invention are further illustrated according to accompanying drawing and subsequent description.
Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of multiphase, especially three-phase inverter;
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the switch of the inverter from Fig. 1;And
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the first nodes switch of the inverter from Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Then in the description of embodiments of the present invention, same or similar key element with identical reference come Represent, wherein eliminating the repetitive description to these key elements on rare occasion.Accompanying drawing simply schematically shows this hair Bright theme.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of multiphase, especially three-phase inverter 10.Here, inverter 10 includes first input end Binding post 25, the second input binding post 26, the 3rd input binding post 27 and the 4th input binding post 28.
The positive pole of first battery pack 21 is connected with first input end binding post 25.The negative pole and second of first battery pack 21 Input binding post 26 connects.The positive pole of second battery pack 22 is connected with the 3rd input binding post 27.Second battery pack 22 negative pole is connected with the 4th input binding post 28.
First battery pack 21 provides the first battery voltage UB1, the first battery voltage UB1 and is attached to first input end Between the input binding post 26 of binding post 25 and second.Second battery pack 22 provides the second battery voltage UB2, and described the Two battery voltage UB2 are attached between the 3rd input binding post 27 and the 4th input binding post 28.
In addition, inverter 10 also has the first phase output terminal 51, the second phase output terminal 52 and third phase output end 53.Power consumption Device 50 is connected with phase output terminal 51,52,53.In the present case, implement and with the first phase 61, the three-phase of customer 50 Two-phase 62 and third phase 63.Here, the first phase 61 is connected on the first phase output terminal 51, the second phase 62 is connected to the output of the second phase On end 52, and third phase 63 is connected in third phase output end 53.
First phase 61 of customer 50 includes load, and the load is rendered as by inductance and ohm customer in the present case The series circuit of composition.Second phase 62 equally includes load, and the load is rendered as the string being made up of inductance and ohm customer Join circuit.Third phase 63 also includes load, and the load is rendered as the series circuit being made up of inductance and ohm customer.Power consumption The phase 61,62,63 of device 50 flocks together and is connected to each other at star point 60.
Landing has the first output voltage U1 between the first phase output terminal 51 and star point 60.In the second phase output terminal 52 Landing has the second output voltage U2 between star point 60.Landing has the between third phase output end 53 and star point 60 Three output voltage U3.
First phase output terminal 51 is assigned the first bridge circuit 31.Second phase output terminal 52 is assigned the second bridge circuit 32.Third phase output end 53 is assigned the 3rd bridge circuit 33.
First bridge circuit 31 includes first input end switch S1, and the first input end switchs S1 and connect with first input end Line terminals 25 are connected and are connected with the first phase output terminal 51.Second bridge circuit 32 includes the second input end switch S6, described Second input end switch S6 is connected with first input end binding post 25 and is connected with the second phase output terminal 52.3rd bridge-type electricity Road 33 includes the 3rd input end switch S11, the 3rd input end switch S11 be connected with first input end binding post 25 and It is connected with third phase output end 53.
First bridge circuit 31 includes the first first nodes switch S2, the first first nodes switch S2 and second inputs Termination line terminals 26 are connected and are connected with first node 41.Second bridge circuit 32 includes the second first nodes switch S7, institute The second first nodes switch S7 is stated to be connected with the second input binding post 26 and be connected with section point 42.3rd bridge-type electricity Road 33 includes the 3rd first nodes switch S12, and the 3rd first nodes switch S12 and are connected with the second input binding post 26 And it is connected with the 3rd node 43.
First bridge circuit 31 includes the first two-level node switch S3, the first two-level node switch S3 and the 3rd inputs Termination line terminals 27 are connected and are connected with first node 41.Second bridge circuit 32 includes the second two-level node switch S8, institute The second two-level node switch S8 is stated to be connected with the 3rd input binding post 27 and be connected with section point 42.3rd bridge-type electricity Road 33 includes the 3rd two-level node switch S13, and the 3rd two-level node switchs S13 and is connected with the 3rd input binding post 27 And it is connected with the 3rd node 43.
First bridge circuit 31 includes the inputs of the first three-level Node Switch S5, the first three-level Node Switch S5 and the 4th Termination line terminals 28 are connected and are connected with first node 41.Second bridge circuit 32 includes the second three-level Node Switch S10, institute The second three-level Node Switch S10 is stated to be connected with the 4th input binding post 28 and be connected with section point 42.3rd bridge-type Circuit 33 includes the 3rd three-level Node Switch S15, and the 3rd three-level Node Switch S15 connects with the 4th input binding post 28 Connect and be connected with the 3rd node 43.
First bridge circuit 31 includes the first output end switch S4, and described first exports end switch S4 connects with first node 41 Connect and be connected with the first phase output terminal 51.Second bridge circuit 32 includes the second output end switch S9, second output end Switch S9 is connected with section point 42 and is connected with the second phase output terminal 52.3rd bridge circuit 33 is opened including the 3rd output end S14 is closed, the 3rd output end switch S14 is connected with the 3rd node 43 and is connected with third phase output end 53.
In the case of the corresponding manipulation to mentioned switch S1 to S15, the customer 50 connected can select Selecting property by the first battery pack 21, by the second battery pack 22, and the string being made up of the first battery pack 21 and the second battery pack 22 Join circuit to feed.Equally, in the case of the corresponding manipulation to switching S1 to S15, customer 50 can be by the first electricity The parallel circuit that pond group 21 and second battery pack 22 is formed is fed.Here, alternate output voltage U1, U2, U3 are fed to Customer 50, described alternate output voltage U1, U2, U3 have phase difference to each other.
It is shown respectively in following form 1 to 4:Switch S1 to S15 make in which position which output voltage U1, U2, U3 is attached in the phase 61,62,63 of customer 50.
It is applicable for all forms 1 to 4:
1 switch closure
Free time switches off
D is switched off, but passes through diode 81 by current parallel in switch
Form 1:Customer 50 is only fed by the first battery pack 21.Then it is applicable:U = UB1
Form 2:Customer 50 is only fed by the second battery pack 22.Then it is applicable:U = UB2
Form 3:Series circuit that customer 50 is made up of the first battery pack 21 and the second battery pack 22 is fed.Then it is applicable:U = UB1 + UB2
Form 4:Parallel circuit that customer 50 is made up of the first battery pack 21 and the second battery pack 22 is fed.Exist herein more Individual flexible program.
As long as the first battery voltage UB1 is approximately equal to the second battery voltage UB2, real parallel circuit there is. Then it is applicable:
U = UB1 = UB2。
If the first battery voltage UB1 is significantly greater than the second battery voltage UB2, then passes through two not over electric current Pole pipe 81.Customer 50 is only fed by the first battery pack 21.Then it is applicable:
U = UB1。
If the first battery voltage UB1 is significantly less than the second battery voltage UB2, then does not allow for by the first electricity The parallel circuit that the battery pack 22 of pond group 21 and second is formed.In this case, control unit not shown here prevents pair The switch S1 to S15 of inverter 10 corresponding manipulation.
Fig. 2 schematically shows input end switch S1, S6, S11, output end switch S4, S9, S14, two-level node switch S3, S8, S13 and three-level Node Switch S5, S10, S15 structure.Mentioned switch includes transistor 80, the crystalline substance respectively Body pipe 80 is implemented as bipolar transistor in the present case.Transistor 80 includes base stage B, emitter E and colelctor electrode C.Crystal Pipe 80 can also be implemented as insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT), and include grid rather than base stage in this case B。
Diode 81 is parallel between emitter E and colelctor electrode C.Base stage B is connected with manipulation unit 82.By by means of The corresponding manipulation of unit 82 is manipulated, transistor 80 can be switched to end or turn on.Accordingly make involved Switch off or close.
Figure 3 illustrates first nodes to switch S2, S7, S12.Different from switch shown in figure 2, first nodes are opened Closing S2, S7, S12 includes the first transistor 80 and the diode 81 of second transistor 80 and first and the second diode 81.
In the present case, two transistors are implemented as bipolar transistor, and include respectively base stage B, emitter E and Colelctor electrode C.Transistor 80 can also be implemented as insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT), and wrap respectively in this case Include grid rather than base stage B.
Two two poles are parallel with respectively between the emitter E and colelctor electrode C of each transistor in two transistors 80 One in pipe 81.The base stage B of two transistors 80 is connected with common manipulation unit 82.Two transistors 80 are all by common Manipulation unit 82 manipulate.
The aspect that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and wherein emphasized.More precisely, passing through In protection domain illustrated by claims, multiple flexible programs are all possible, and the flexible program is all in this area skill In the process range of art personnel.

Claims (9)

1. for manipulating multiphase customer(50)Polyphase inverter(10), the polyphase inverter includes:
Multiple input binding posts(25、26、27、28), for connecting at least one first battery pack(21)With it is at least one Second battery pack(22);And multiple phase output terminals(51、52、53), for connecting customer(50), wherein
Each phase output terminal(51、52、53)All it is assigned with controllable switch(S1、S2、S3、S4、S5;S6、S7、S8、 S9、S10;S11、S12、S13、S14、S15)Bridge circuit(31、32、33), by the bridge circuit, the phase output terminal (51、52、53)Can be from different input binding posts(25、26、27、28)Connection,
Characterized in that,
Each bridge circuit(31、32、33)All have:
Input end switch(S1;S6;S11), the input end switch and first input end binding post(25)Connect and with institute State phase output terminal(51、52、53)Connection;
Multiple Node Switch(S2、S3、S5;S7、S8、S10;S12、S13、S15), the Node Switch and remaining input terminate Line terminals(26、27、28)Connection and and node(41、42、43)Connection;And
Export end switch(S4;S9;S14), it is described to export end switch and the node(41、42、43)Connect and with the phase Output end(51、52、53)Connection.
2. inverter according to claim 1(10), it is characterised in that
Three phase output terminals are set(51、52、53), for connecting three-phase customer(50).
3. the inverter according to one of the claims(10), it is characterised in that
The switch(S1、S2、S3、S4、S5;S6、S7、S8、S9、S10;S11、S12、S13、S14、S15)Including at least crystal Pipe(80), diode(81)And manipulation unit(82).
4. the inverter according to one of the claims(10), it is characterised in that
It is provided with for connecting first battery pack(21)First input end binding post(25)And second input termination Line terminals(26), and be provided with for connecting second battery pack(22)The 3rd input binding post(27)And the Four input binding posts(28).
5. inverter according to claim 4(10), it is characterised in that
Switching(S1、S2、S3、S4、S5;S6、S7、S8、S9、S10;S11、S12、S13、S14、S15)In the case of disconnection, institute State first input end binding post(25)With the second input binding post(26)With the 3rd input binding post (27)And with the 4th input binding post(28)It is galvanically isolated.
6. the inverter according to one of claim 4 to 5(10), it is characterised in that
Each bridge circuit(31、32、33)All there is first nodes switch(S2;S7;S12), the first nodes switch and institute State the second input binding post(26)Connect and with the node(41、42、43)Connection.
7. inverter according to claim 6(10), it is characterised in that
The first nodes switch(S2;S7;S12)Inverse parallel switch is implemented as, and includes two transistors respectively(80)、 Two diodes(81)An and manipulation unit(82).
8. the inverter according to one of the claims(10), it is characterised in that
Switching(S1、S2、S3、S4、S5;S6、S7、S8、S9、S10;S11、S12、S13、S14、S15)In the case of disconnection, institute State the first battery pack(21)With second battery pack(22)It is galvanically isolated.
9. the inverter according to one of the claims(10)Application, it is described to apply in electric vehicle(EV)In, Motor vehicle driven by mixed power(HEV)In, in plug-in hybrid vehicle(PHEV)In or apply in photovoltaic apparatus.
CN201680043954.8A 2015-07-28 2016-07-06 Multi-phase inverter Expired - Fee Related CN107852086B (en)

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DE102015214276.0A DE102015214276A1 (en) 2015-07-28 2015-07-28 Multi-phase inverter
DE102015214276.0 2015-07-28
PCT/EP2016/065920 WO2017016828A1 (en) 2015-07-28 2016-07-06 Multiphase inverter

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EP3736164B1 (en) * 2019-05-07 2023-04-05 Volvo Car Corporation System and method for fault handling in a propulsion system for an electric vehicle
EP3736167A1 (en) 2019-05-07 2020-11-11 Volvo Car Corporation System and method for fault handling in a propulsion system for an electric vehicle

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DE102015214276A1 (en) 2017-02-02
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