CN107851745B

CN107851745B - Housing for battery module

Info

Publication number: CN107851745B
Application number: CN201680047711.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R.凯泽; S.霍雷; M.奥斯滕; S.波勒
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2015-08-13
Filing date: 2016-08-05
Publication date: 2021-07-09
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-05
Also published as: WO2017025452A1; CN107851745A; DE102015215502A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a rectangular housing for a battery module (1), comprising two side parts (2 a, 2 b) and two end plates (3 a, 3 b), and to a battery module, a battery and a vehicle, wherein the two end plates (3 a, 3 b) are configured shorter than the side parts (2 a, 2 b), the battery module (1) comprising a plurality of battery cells (4), the battery cells (4) each having a first cover (5), a second cover (6), an anode (7) on the first cover (5) and a cathode (8) on the second cover (6), the anode (7) and the cathode (8) of each battery cell (04) being electrically insulated from each other, and the battery cells (40) are arranged in parallel between the end plates (3 a, 3 b), characterized in that the battery cells (4) adjacent to each other are electrically connected to each other by contact of their covers (5), respectively.

Description

Housing for battery module

Technical Field

The starting point of the invention is a housing for a battery module. The subject of the invention is also a battery module, a battery and a vehicle.

Background

A battery module comprising a battery block, a cooling pipe and a coolant supply device is known from EP 2068390 a 1. The battery block has a plurality of rectangular batteries having a width greater than a thickness and arranged in a system in fixed alignment by a battery holder. The cooling tube cools the rectangular batteries of the battery block. A coolant supply feeds the cooler into the cooling tubes. In the battery system, the cooling pipe is arranged on the surface of the battery block in a thermally connected state, so that the rectangular batteries are cooled by a coolant, which circulates through the cooling pipe. The cooling tube can have parallel line sections which are arranged parallel to the rectangular batteries and cool them. The cooling tube can be disposed in a bottom surface of the battery block and can extend directly below the batteries.

Document DE 102014204245.3, which was not yet published at the filing date of the present application, relates to an energy storage cell having a plurality of galvanic cells, wherein the galvanic cells each have a first outer side comprising a first electrode and a second outer side comprising a second electrode, and wherein the galvanic cells are electrically interconnected to one another by the galvanic cells by means of the outer side-by-side arrangement via the electrodes. Furthermore, the energy storage unit comprises a first frame element and a second frame element, which are connected to each other directly or indirectly, wherein the first frame element is arranged at one end of the array of cells and the second frame element is arranged at the other end of the array of cells. Furthermore, DE 102014204245.3 relates to a battery cell for use with an energy storage unit and a method for producing such a battery cell.

Disclosure of Invention

The case for a battery module according to the present invention has advantages in that: a separate device is not necessary for the electrical connection of the battery cells adjacent to each other. Instead, the electrical connection of adjacent battery cells is accomplished directly by the contact of their covers. Furthermore, the housing for the battery module allows for an effective temperature control of the battery cells, for example cooling and/or heating.

This has the advantage of a simplified assembly if the battery module can be connected via its end plates to a structurally identical further battery module, since the connected battery modules can be assembled like a continuous, one-piece battery module.

If the battery module and the further battery module can be electrically connected to each other via an electrical connector or can be electrically insulated from each other via an insulator, this has the advantage that: the battery modules can be combined into a unit having a higher, electrically effective power by means of electrical connections or can be electrically separated from one another by means of insulators.

This has the advantage if the battery module comprises at least one battery monitoring device (battery monitoring circuit, CSC): the electrical characteristics of the battery cells can be measured or monitored.

This has the advantage if one or both of the end plates comprises a device for expansion or contraction: a spatial variation caused by expansion or contraction of the battery cell can be compensated.

This has the advantage if the expansion or contraction of the end plates is achieved by compressed air: the adaptation of the end plates to the spatial variations of the battery cells can be realized quickly, technically simply and cost-effectively.

If the battery module has a gas cartridge, through which one or both end plates can be filled with compressed air if required, this has the advantage that: the adaptation of the end plates to the spatial variations of the battery cells can be carried out independently of further, external devices. The gas cartridge can be equipped with a pressure device which determines the gas pressure within the device for expansion or compression.

This has the advantage if the battery module comprises a carrier: the battery module can be constructed in a simple and efficient manner.

This has the advantage if the battery module comprises a temperature control device: the battery module can be cooled or heated in a simple and efficient manner.

This has the advantage that if the carrier device is designed as a thermostat: the battery module can be constructed in a compact manner.

The temperature control device can be designed, for example, as a cooling element or as a heating element.

This has the advantage that if the end plate or the side part comprises a flexible membrane: the film can be used to compensate for spatial variations caused by expansion or contraction of the battery cell. The film can also be used to determine and/or measure characteristics of the battery cell.

This has the advantage if the battery cell is a dual carbon battery: the battery cell can be used as a battery or a capacitor.

A battery module, a battery, or a vehicle can include the housing. The vehicle can be configured, for example, as a motor vehicle, such as an electric motor vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, an electric motorcycle (Elektro-Bike, E-Bike) or an electric bicycle (pedal electric cycle), a watercraft, such as an electric boat or a submarine (U-Boot), an aircraft or a spacecraft.

Drawings

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are set forth in more detail in the description that follows.

Figure 1 shows a schematic structure of a battery unit 4,

figure 2 shows a schematic perspective view of two housings for a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention,

figure 3 shows a top view of the carrying means 13,

figure 4 shows a schematic perspective view of the end plate 3,

figure 5 shows a schematic perspective view of two

battery modules

1a, 1b according to an embodiment of the invention,

figure 6 shows a schematic perspective view of the battery monitoring device 10 and a side view of the electrical connection 8,

figure 7 shows a further side sectional view of two

battery modules

1a, 1b in a plane through the battery unit 4,

figure 8 shows a further side sectional view of the two

battery modules

1a, 1b in a further plane through the battery unit 4,

figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of two

battery modules

1a, 1b from above,

FIG. 10 shows the back of a further battery monitoring device, an

Fig. 11 shows the front side of a further battery monitoring device.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of a battery cell 4. The battery cells 4 are configured as flat battery cells, such as box cells (boxshell cells). The battery cell 4 includes a first cover 5 and a second cover 6, and an anode 7 on the first cover 5 and a cathode 8 on the second cover 6. Furthermore, the battery unit 4 includes a cell roll (jelly roll) 9, which is electrically connected to the anode 7 and the cathode 8. The first cover 5 and the second cover 6 are at least partially electrically conductive. The first and second covers 5, 6 can comprise metal, such as aluminum or steel. The first cover 5 and the second cover 6 surround the battery unit 4 or the cell roll 9. For this purpose, the first cover 5 and the second cover 6 can be of shell-shaped design and/or dimensioned in such a way that a first edge region of the first cover 5 can be inserted into a second edge region of the second cover 6, as is shown by way of example in fig. 1. Furthermore, the battery cell 4 can comprise a seal arranged between the first cover 5 and the second cover 6 for sealing the battery cell 4 and/or electrically insulating the anode 7 and the cathode 8 from each other. As is shown by way of example in fig. 1, the seal can be designed as a circumferential frame. The seal can comprise, for example, a thermoplastic plastic, a thermoplastic organic plastic, a Polyaryletherketone (PAEK), such as Polyetherketone (PEK), Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), Polyetheretherketone (PEEEK), Polyetheretherketoneketone (PEEKK), or Polyetherketoneetherketoneketone (PEKEKK).

Alternatively, the battery cell 4 can be configured, for example, as a nutshell-cell (nutshell-cell). In this case, the first cover 5 and the second cover 6 can be shell-shaped and/or uniformly dimensioned such that a first edge region of the first cover 5 and a second edge region of the second cover 6 can contact one another.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of two housings for a battery module according to an embodiment of the invention. The housing is constructed modularly. The housing comprises a carrier 13 and two

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, respectively. The carrier 13 serves as a base plate for constructing the battery module. Here, as exemplarily shown in fig. 2, the battery modules are arranged alongside one another. The carrier 13 is described with reference to fig. 3. The

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d are each mounted on the carrier 13 in pairs at a distance from one another in such a way that a battery cell 4 or a plurality of battery cells 4 can each be arranged and clamped between them. The

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and their fastening or assembly on the carrier 13 is described with reference to fig. 4.

Furthermore, the housing can comprise an insulation 9. The insulator 9 can comprise a non-conductive, non-conductive material (e.g., plastic). As is shown by way of example in fig. 2, the insulating element 9 can be designed in the form of a rod or a rod. Alternatively, the insulating element 9 can be embodied in the form of a plate. The insulating member 9 is arranged between the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d of the housings such that the battery cell 4 or cells 4 of one of the housings are arranged spaced apart from the battery cell 4 or cells 4 of the other one of the housings such that they can be electrically insulated from each other. As is shown by way of example in fig. 2, the insulation 9 can be arranged on a carrier 13.

Furthermore, the housing can comprise a

battery monitoring device

10a, 10b for monitoring the battery unit 4. As illustrated by way of example in fig. 2, the

battery monitoring devices

10a, 10b can be embodied in the form of a plate or a film. The

battery monitoring device

10a, 10b is arranged between the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d of the housing in such a way that it can reach or contact the battery cell 4, so that the battery cell 4 can be monitored. As is shown by way of example in fig. 2, the

battery monitoring devices

10a, 10b can be arranged spaced apart from the carrier device 13, i.e. on the upper side of each housing. The

battery monitoring devices

10a, 10b are described with reference to fig. 6.

Furthermore, the housings can each comprise a holding device. Spaced from the carrier 13, the holding means of the housing can be fastened or fitted on the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d of the housing. The holding device and its fastening or fitting on the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d is described with reference to fig. 5.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the carrier device 13. The carrying means 13 is used for carrying the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3 d. The carrier 13 can comprise, for example, plastic or metal (e.g., aluminum or steel). The carrier 13 can be of rectangular (e.g., square) design. The dimensions of the carrier device 13 are preferably adaptable to the number of housings and the number of battery cells 4 per housing. As is shown by way of example in fig. 3, the carrier device 13 can comprise a plurality of fastening positions. As is shown by way of example in fig. 3, the fastening positions can be configured as a first row of fastening positions on a first side of the carrier 13 and as a second row of fastening positions on a second side of the carrier 13, which is opposite the first side. Alternatively, the fastening locations can be configured in a plurality of rows, so that the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d can be arranged as desired. The fastening location can be configured as a hole or blind hole for receiving a fastening element (e.g., a bolt, pin, hook, or screw). As is shown by way of example in fig. 3, the hole can be configured as a locking hole. Thereby, for example, the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d can be assembled with pre-assembled fastening screws or fastening bolts (such as screwed-in fastening bolts or plug-in fastening bolts). The narrow regions of the locking hole are each directed toward the nearest of the two sides. Thereby, the durability of the fastening can be improved. Alternatively, the holes can be configured as long holes, square holes or round holes.

As is shown by way of example in fig. 3, the carrier 13 can comprise further holes for fastening the carrier 13 to a superordinate system.

The carrier device 13 can be designed as a temperature control device for temperature control of the battery unit 4. When the carrier 13 and the battery unit 4 are mechanically and thus thermally connected, thermal energy can be transferred between them. The carrier device 13 can comprise a channel (not shown in fig. 3) for receiving a temperature control means. By means of the temperature control device, thermal energy can be supplied to the battery unit 4 or removed from the battery unit 4. Alternatively or additionally, the carrier device 13 can comprise a heating element (not shown in fig. 3), such as a resistive heating element, for supplying thermal energy into the battery unit 4.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of the end plate 3. The end plates 3 serve to hold and/or clamp the battery cells 4. The end plate 3 can comprise, for example, plastic or metal (e.g., aluminum or steel). The end plate 3 can be of rectangular (e.g. square) design. The dimensions of the end plate 3 can preferably be adapted to the dimensions of the battery cell 4. As is shown by way of example in fig. 4, the end plate 3 can comprise a plurality of fastening elements for engaging into a fastening position of the carrier device 13 or of the holding device. As shown in fig. 4, the upper row of fastening elements for engaging into the fastening position of the retaining device is arranged on the upper side of the end plate 3 (which is spaced apart from the carrier device 13). The fastening elements of the lower row (not shown in fig. 4) for engaging into the fastening position of the carrier 13 are arranged on the lower side of the end plate 3, which faces the carrier 13.

The end plate 3 can comprise clamping means 11 for clamping the battery unit 4 by expansion or contraction. The clamping device 11 can be designed, for example, in a pillow-shaped or bellows-shaped manner. The clamping device 11 can be connected to a pressure vessel (e.g. a gas cartridge 12) for supplying operating energy, which can, for example, cause an expansion of the clamping device 11. Alternatively, the clamping device 11 can be configured as a spring (e.g., a leaf spring or a coil spring).

Alternatively, the clamping device 11 can be arranged between the end plate 3 and the battery unit 4 or between two battery units 4. Each housing can be arranged with one clamping device 11 or with a plurality of clamping devices 11.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of two

battery modules

1a, 1b according to an embodiment of the invention. The two

battery modules

1a, 1b include two cases and a plurality of battery cells 4 per case. Here, the battery cells 4 are each arranged between the

end plates

3a, 3c or 3b, 3d in such a way that the first cover 5 of a battery cell 4 is electrically connected to the second cover 6 of the battery cell 4 adjacent thereto. Thereby, the plurality of battery cells 4 of each case can be electrically connected in series with each other. With regard to the position in terms of a compliant use, the battery unit 4 can be arranged vertically in the housing.

The battery monitoring apparatus is described with reference to fig. 6.

As is shown by way of example in fig. 5, the holding device can be designed as a holding frame which has two

side sections

2a, 2b or 2c, 2d, respectively. Alternatively, the holding device can be configured, for example, as a holding clip. The retaining means can comprise, for example, plastic or metal (e.g., aluminum or steel). The holding means can comprise a material which corresponds to the material of the carrier means 13 and/or the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3 d. Fastening or fitting of the holding means at the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d can take place substantially corresponding to fastening or fitting of the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d at the carrier means 13.

Here, as exemplarily shown in fig. 5, the holding device can comprise a plurality of fastening positions. As is shown by way of example in fig. 5, the fastening positions can each be configured as a first row of fastening positions at a first end face of the holding device and as a second row of fastening positions at a second end face of the holding device, which second end face is opposite the first end face. The fastening location can be configured as a hole or blind hole for receiving a fastening element (e.g., a pin, wedge, hook, or bolt). As is shown by way of example in fig. 5, the hole can be configured as a keyhole. The locking holes of the holding device can be arranged perpendicularly with respect to the position of the locking holes of the carrier 13 in such a way that the holding device can be fitted on the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d with pre-fitted fastening bolts or fastening pins after the battery cells 4 have been arranged by sliding along the

end plates

3a, 3b, 3c, 3 d.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of the battery monitoring device 10 and a side view of the electrical connection 8.

The battery monitoring device 10 includes a circuit board (e.g., a printed circuit board) and a plurality of sensor devices for detecting measurement values of the battery cells 4. The sensor device is arranged on the circuit board and can be designed as a voltage measuring sensor (e.g., a contact device) for detecting voltage measurement values. The sensor device can be configured as a temperature sensor (e.g., a resistance temperature sensor) for detecting temperature measurements. The plurality of sensor devices are preferably arranged in one row or in two rows aligned parallel to one another, so that the sensor devices can be arranged between the battery cells 4 of the two

battery modules

1a, 1b in order to monitor the battery cells 4, as can be seen in fig. 7 and 8.

The connecting member 8 is used for electrical connection of one battery cell 4 or two battery cells 4 of one of the cases with one battery cell 4 or two battery cells 4 of the other case. For this purpose, the connecting element 8 can be arranged between two

end plates

3a, 3b or 3c, 3d and two battery cells 4 or between four battery cells 4. Thereby, the battery cells 4 can be electrically connected in series or in parallel with each other. The dimensions of the connecting element 8 are preferably adaptable to the dimensions of the battery cell 4. The connecting element 8 can be configured, for example, rectangularly. As shown by way of example in fig. 6, the connecting element 8 can have a recess for receiving the insulating element 9. The connecting element 8 is at least partially electrically conductive. The connecting member 8 can comprise metal (e.g., aluminum or steel).

Fig. 7 shows a further side sectional view of the two

battery modules

1a, 1b in a plane through the battery unit 4. On the underside, a carrier with an insulation 9 is shown. The insulating member 9 and the covers of the battery cells 4 of the

battery modules

1a, 1b are spaced apart from each other. On the upper side, the battery monitoring device 10 and the holding device are shown. The sensor means of the battery monitoring device 10 contacts the cover of the battery unit 4.

Fig. 8 shows a further side sectional view of the two

battery modules

1a, 1b in a further plane through the battery unit 4. On the underside, a carrier with an insulation 9 is shown. The insulating member 9 and the covers of the battery cells 4 of the

battery modules

1a, 1b are spaced apart from each other. On the upper side, the

battery monitoring devices

10a, 10b and the holding device are shown. The sensor means of the battery monitoring device 10 contacts the cover of the battery unit 4. This further side sectional view shows a central part of a connecting element 8, which electrically connects the battery cells 4 of one battery module 1a with the battery cells 4 of another battery module 1 b.

Fig. 9 shows a sectional view of two

battery modules

1a, 1b from above. A plurality of sensor devices of the battery monitoring device 10 are located between the

battery modules

1a, 1 b.

Fig. 10 shows the back of a further battery monitoring device. The further battery monitoring device substantially corresponds to the battery monitoring device 10. The further battery monitoring device comprises a circuit board 14 (e.g. a flexible circuit board) and a plurality of sensor devices, such as a voltage measuring sensor 17 for temperature measurement values or a temperature measuring sensor 18 for detecting temperature measurement values, which are arranged on the circuit board 14. In addition, the circuit board 14 can include traces with vias and/or contacts (e.g., plug contacts) for connecting the sensor devices. The circuit board 14 can include fastening locations such as holes for fastening the circuit board 14 at the housing. As is shown by way of example in fig. 10, the circuit board 14 can be configured comb-like, and the sensor device can be arranged at a free end of the circuit board 14. An adhesive tape 16 (e.g., a double-sided adhesive tape) with a protective tape 15 can be provided on the circuit board or the sensor device (respectively). Thus, after removing the protective tape 15 from the adhesive tape 16, the sensor devices can be mechanically and/or thermally connected to the respective battery cells 4, respectively.

Fig. 11 shows the front side of a further battery monitoring device. As shown in fig. 11, the circuit board 14 can be configured in a comb-like manner on both sides, and the sensor device can be arranged on both sides at the free end of the circuit board 14.

Claims

1. Rectangular housing for a battery module, comprising two side portions (2 a, 2 b) and two end plates (3 a, 3 c), wherein:

-the two end plates (3 a, 3 c) are constructed shorter than the side portions (2 a, 2 b),

-the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells (4),

-the battery cells (4) have a first cover (5), a second cover (6), respectively, an anode (7) on the first cover (5) and a cathode on the second cover (6),

-the anode (7) and the cathode of each cell (4) are electrically insulated from each other, and

-the battery cells (4) are arranged in parallel between the end plates (3 a, 3 c),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the battery cells (4) adjacent to each other are electrically connected to each other by the contact of their covers, respectively,

the battery module comprises at least one battery monitoring device (10), the battery monitoring device (10) being arranged between the end plates (3 a, 3 c) of the housing in such a way that it can contact the battery cell (4), the sensor device of the battery monitoring device (10) contacting the cover of the battery cell (4),

the plurality of sensor devices are arranged in one row or in two rows aligned parallel to one another, so that the sensor devices can be arranged between the battery cells (4) of two battery modules in order to monitor the battery cells (4).

2. A housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery module (1 a) can be connected via its end plates (3 a, 3 c) with a further battery module (1 b) of identical construction.

3. The housing according to claim 2, characterized in that the battery module (1 a) and the further battery module (1 b) can be electrically connected to each other via electrical connections or can be electrically insulated from each other via an insulation (9).

4. The casing according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the two end plates (3 a, 3 c) comprises means (11) for expansion or contraction.

5. The housing of claim 4, wherein the expansion or contraction is achieved by compressed air.

6. A housing according to claim 4, characterized in that the battery module has a gas cartridge (12), through which one or both of the end plates (3 a, 3 c) can be filled with compressed air, if required.

7. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery module comprises a carrier device (13).

8. Housing according to claim 7, characterized in that the carrier device (13) is configured as a temperature control device, such as a cooling element or a heating element.

9. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the end plates (3 a, 3 c) or the side parts (2 a, 2 b) comprise a flexible membrane.

10. The case according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery unit (4) is a double carbon battery.

11. A battery module comprising the housing of any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A battery comprising the housing of any one of claims 1 to 10 or the battery module of claim 11.

13. A vehicle, comprising:

-a housing according to any of claims 1 to 10

-the battery module according to claim 11, or

-a battery according to claim 12.