CN107847135A - Intravascular imaging system interface and support detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates in part to the computer based visualization of endovascular backing positions.Intravascular data can be used to visualize support and the support is then shown as to some of scaffold pole or support, the part as one or more graphic user interfaces (GUI).In one embodiment, this method include be directed to framing adjacent area using angle bracket strut information merging to distinguish the region of one or more belt supporting frames and ambient noise the step of.The view for the blood vessel that GUI can be generated including the use of the region of range measurement and the one or more actual belt supporting frames of division, this provides the visualization in the region of belt supporting frame.The invention further relates to the display of intravascular diagnostic message (such as index).Index can be generated and show the index together with the image generated using intravascular data gathering system.Index can include the one or more visual graphic elements for being suitable for indication diagnosis information (such as support information).

Description

Intravascular imaging system interface and support detection method

Related application

This application claims the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.62/162,795 submitted on May 17th, 2015, in 2015 U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.62/196,997 that July 25 submitted, in the US provisional patent submitted on April 14th, 2016 Apply for the No.62/322,578 and U.S. Patent application No.14/975,516 submitted on December 18th, 2015 priority And rights and interests, the full content of above-mentioned patent application are incorporated by reference into herein.

Technical field

This patent disclosure relates generally to intravascular measurement and feature detection and related diagnostic method and equipment.

Background technology

Coronary artery disease is one of causality of death in the whole world.Preferably diagnose, monitor and treat coronary artery disease Ability can save life on it is most important.Intravascular optical coherence tomography art (Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT) it is the imaging pattern based on conduit, it is spied in coronary arterial wall using light and generates its image use With research.Using coherent light, interferometry and micro-optics, OCT can be provided in it is in diseased vessel, have micron order differentiate Tomography inside the video rate of rate.Check that subsurface structure makes OCT outstanding using optical fiber probe with high-resolution Its minimally invasive imaging for interior tissue and organ is useful.Allowed using the details of the OCT ranks that may be carried out clinical Diagnosis and the progress for monitoring coronary artery disease.OCT image provides the high resolution vision of coronary morphology and can To be used alone or be applied in combination with other information, the other information such as angiographic data and assisted diagnosis and plan are (all Such as support transportation program) patient data other sources.

The OCT image of some of patient body provides useful diagnostic tool for doctor and other people.For example, by blood OCT can show to imaging coronarius in pipe narrows or narrow position.The information helps cardiologist invasive Selected between coronary artery bypass surgery and the minimally invasive process (such as angioplasty or support convey) based on conduit. Despite welcome selection, but support conveying has its own associated risk.

Support is the tubular structure generally formed by twine.Support can be inserted into blood vessel and be extended to anti-shrink The stenotic condition of blood flow.Support is generally made up of metal or polymer mould bases.Can by conduit by stent deployment to narrow Site.During operation on vessels of heart, support can be transported to by narrow site by conduit by guide wire and be made using balloon Support deploys.Generally, support expansion is made to increase the inner chamber of narrow blood vessel using preset pressure.It may be combined or used separately blood Pipe angiography system, intravascular ultrasound system, OCT systems facilitate support transportation program and stent deployment.

When disposing support in the presence of the Multiple factors for influenceing Case treatment effect.During some, support should be expanded Open up the diameter of the diameter corresponding to adjacent healthy blood vessel section.Support hyper expanded may cause serious harm to blood vessel, make The blood vessel is easily decomposes, comes off and intramural hemorrhage.The support of extension deficiency inadequately may extend blood vessel.If support Some not in contact with vascular wall, then the risk of DVT can increase.Under-inflation or adherent bad support may nothing Method recovers proper flow.Once support is mounted, then support is adherent bad and the extension of support can not cause various problems completely.

In the presence of the other challenges associated with stenter to implant and correlated process.Made using angioradiographic system relative to blood vessel The stent deployment visualization of wall is challenging to being engaged in by inspection.In addition, manually check angiographic image with based on Each image determines that backing positions are also error-prone.

In addition, after support is disposed, clinician can make therapentic part imaging confirm support by suitably portion Administration.However, the ambient noise as caused by the haemocyte not cleaned for example can go out in OCT image data with scaffold pole It is existing, making it difficult to detection support exactly.Sometimes, clinician can identify the region of belt supporting frame, but need user intervention Cause significant changes, by user's error and significantly increase the length of process.In addition, different supports can have difference Geometry and lattice, this can make its assess complicate.

The present invention solves these challenges and other challenges.

The content of the invention

Partly, the present invention relates to convey available for plan support or otherwise generate and show diagnosis interested The angiogram of information and intravascular data gathering system, such as OCT and/or IVUS.The invention further relates to the life of various indexs Into the integrating relative to the display of view data with these indexs.As an example, longitudinal index (such as adherent (apposition) Bar) it can be used alone or be used in conjunction with scaffold pole index, and be superimposed upon and merge (co- with intravascular data set Registered in angiographic frames), the intravascular data set is such as diagnosing one group of process (such as support plan) OCT scan line or the image relative to its generation.

Partly, in one embodiment, the present invention relates to for by the data analysis applied to intravascular data set Result be shown to intravascular data gathering system and angioradiographic system user system and method.Partly, it is of the invention Graphic user interface (Graphic User Interface, GUI) is described, the GUI provides user interface and can be applied to blood The pictorial data representaton of one or more the generation images or angiographic image of pipe, so as to region (such as support interested Adherent region etc.) it is easy to find and understand on OCT and angiographic image.

Partly, the present invention relates to data gathering system, the intravascular Data Collection being such as suitable for use in conduit room System, such as optical coherence tomographic system.Partly, the present invention relates to including being suitable for showing intravascular view data The data gathering system of processor.Shown view data includes data or the image generated based on depth survey.One In individual embodiment, view data is generated using optical coherent tomography.The system can also show user interface, the use Family interface is used to show intravascular information, adherent not on support under vertical pattern such as based on each scaffold pole Good data or with corresponding to support, without support or may be interested for endovascular one or more supports support The bar in the region of adherent grade.

One or more indexs (such as longitudinal index, as non-limiting example) can in response to support detection process and Luminal border detects and generates and shown relative to angiogram, OCT and IVUS images.These can be checked in terms of by user Draw support conveying and expanded by checking OCT image and the angiographic image of the fusion with index of correlation interested Or adjustment support conveying.Partly, system and method described herein are related to by using index (such as hashed value, coloring Area or other visual indicators) replace missing data region come avoid or reduce data misunderstanding possibility method.Using this Mode, when notice end-user listening data is lacked, rather than black region is misinterpreted as into shade or collateral.Therefore, missing data area Domain is encoded with index, and the index prevents the region to be misinterpreted as collateral, support or diagnostician's further feature interested. In one embodiment, this method may include steps of：Show on a graphical user interface the mark of scaffold pole with And the mark for indicating one or more regions is shown in image in the blood vessels, wherein, data are not useable for showing.In an implementation In mode, show that adherent bar make it that it is independent blood vessel internal view, so as to when in the absence of image comprising index or support Show adherent bar.In one embodiment, the present invention relates to the adherent bar to be alignd with stent area, the stent area to include fixed The scaffold pole of position, wherein, the adherent bar is unrelated with rotation or is lasting.

Partly, the present invention relates to the detection of the support under the background of the intravascular data set obtained using probe and shade Detection, for example, the probe such as optical coherence tomography probe or intravascular ultrasound probe.

Partly, the present invention relates to metallic support support is accurately identified in the shade for being projected in OCT image data Bar is offset or the system and method for position.The method of scaffold pole detection can include：The intravascular imaging data of multiframe is accessed, The multiframe includes optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan line；Shadow region of the identification corresponding to candidate's scaffold pole；Identification Corresponding to the scan line of candidate's scaffold pole shadow region to generate candidate's strut shaded scan line；And analysis candidate's support Bar shaded scan line is to identify the position of scaffold pole.

The method of scaffold pole detection can also include：Store the intravascular imaging data of multiframe；The of the multiframe Detection support strut in one frame group；One or more shadow regions are detected in the first frame group, wherein, the shadow region One or more of it is adjacent with the scaffold pole of detection；Given shadow region is determined based on each shadow region whether For seal wire initiation area or collateral initiation area, to generate one group of candidate's scaffold pole shadow region, wherein, each candidate's support Strut shadow region includes shadow edge；And the scanning of candidate's scaffold pole shadow region is identified in the shadow edge Line.

The method of the present invention can include additional step or feature.For example, these methods can include corresponding to by eliminating The shadow region corresponding to candidate's scaffold pole is identified in the shadow region of non-stent feature.Non-stent feature can be selected from example The group being such as made up of following item：Seal wire, it is collateral, and combinations thereof.

These methods can include eliminating the candidate's strut shaded scan line for including the spilling from inner chamber pixel.These sides Method can include responding across the signal of the part or sample of candidate's strut shaded scan line or these scan lines by summation To determine the projection across each candidate's strut shaded scan line.These methods can be included in identification in projection and be up to three offices Portion's maximum.

These methods can include being classified to generate peak value fraction local maximum based on peak signal strength.The classification Can be ordinal ranking, wherein, the local maximum with high peaks signal intensity receives high peaks fraction.

These methods can include being classified to generate adjacency fraction local maximum based on the adjacency with vascular wall. The classification can be ordinal ranking, wherein, the local maximum of closer vascular wall receives higher adjacency fraction.These methods It can include adherent bad fraction distributing to each local maximum.Adherent bad fraction can be binary system, wherein, it is adherent Bad local maximum is received as zero fraction.

These methods can include summing to peak value fraction, adjacency fraction and adherent bad fraction, wherein, have most The local maximum of high gross score is designated as the position of scaffold pole.

These methods can include：Multiple shadow regions of the identification corresponding to candidate's scaffold pole；Identification corresponds to each The scan line of candidate's scaffold pole shadow region；And the position of scaffold pole is identified in each candidate's scaffold pole shadow region Put.These methods, which can include performing, intersects frame analysis to refer to across the checking of multiple optical coherence tomographies (OCT) imaging frame Fixed scaffold pole.

Partly, both the present invention relates to intravascular data gathering system and angioradiographic system and in above-mentioned item Or more data exchange between person, and the generation and display of the diagnostic message such as index.It can generate and show one Or multiple indexs, such as by the way that this kind of index is overlapping with the image generated using intravascular data gathering system or with other sides Formula combines.These indexs can include longitudinal direction, section and other pointer types, all to be examined as suited for instruction is interested The one or more indexs or graphic element of disconnected information.Index can be used for instructing during support transportation program and other actions User.The invention further relates to the detection of the support under the background of the intravascular data set obtained using probe and shadow Detection, example Such as, the probe such as optical coherence tomography probe or intravascular ultrasound probe.

The present invention relates in part to the computer based visualization of endovascular backing positions.OCT data can be used Visualize support and the support is then shown as to some of scaffold pole or support, used as one or more figures The part at family interface (GUI).Significantly, the present invention provides the calculation of the region for distinguishing one or more belt supporting frames and ambient noise Method.The region using OCT range measurements and the one or more actual belt supporting frames of division that GUI can include blood vessel is generated One or more views, this provide belt supporting frame region visualization.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to the automatic detection for one or more of retracting stent area.One In individual embodiment, data are collected during retracting using the intravascular therapy of OCT, IVUS or other.In one embodiment, The present invention relates to remove the detection of false positive strut in the given automatic detection for one or more of retracting support and from multiframe And not as the part of support.One target of some implementations described herein is automatically examined in given retract The start frame and end frame and no user for surveying one or more supports export.The algorithm use angle module as threshold value with And detected using by the strut of frame to determine which frame belongs to support and which is located at outside stent area.

Multi-frame processing algorithm is automatically based on the strut detected during single frames step and one or more is detected in retracting Individual support.In this step, introduce and intersect frame information and belong to particular stent to identify and remove false positive in without stent area The framing.In one embodiment, this method comprises the following steps：Remove and determined after the position of identification guiding catheter Guiding catheter frame in any detection.

In one embodiment, angle covering one-dimensional figure be used as from without stent area filtering belt supporting frame area The agency in domain or threshold value.If a frame configures without expected, angle covering will be very low and be understood to the edge of support.Should One-dimensional figure is used to merge the data from a consecutive frame as local adjacent area.In one embodiment, in multiframe adjacent area In all struts come together calculate coverage metric standard.For each strut for being detected in every frame come measurement angle.More In frame algorithm (such), the angle position of the combination of sets for the strut on fixed adjacent area is used.In an embodiment party In formula, the strut of this method combine detection is to create superframe and then perform on the superframe covering analyzing/for the mistake of support Filter.

In one embodiment, although using the strut of the adjacent area near frame k come calculate maximum angle gap and Angle coverage metric standard, but these struts are assigned to frame k, because this is the position for concentrating adjacent area window.In a reality Apply in mode, angle measures level threshold value based on every frame, and adjacent area is one after the frame and present frame before present frame Frame.In one embodiment, the quantity of the frame in the adjacent area of the either side of the frame examined can be wrapped without limitation Include multiframe.

In one embodiment, each strut measurement angle for being detected in every frame.In multiframe algorithm realization side In formula, the angle position of the combination of sets for the strut on fixed adjacent area is used.In one embodiment, relative to herein Described in angle measurement level threshold value processing frame adjacent area, then perform the " letter in the region of belt supporting frame using the threshold value Number " filter process.In one embodiment, adjacent area includes two frames.In one embodiment, adjacent area includes three frames. In one embodiment, adjacent area includes two frames or more frame.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of non-transitory machine for encoding and having multiple processor-executable instructions Device readable storage medium storing program for executing, these instruct the method in the region for the belt supporting frame in perform detection blood vessel, and these instructions include using In performing described herein and step one or more of the step of draw processor instruction.

The present invention relates in part to a kind of method in the region for detecting the belt supporting frame in blood vessel.Methods described can be included such as Lower step：The optical coherence tomography data for belt supporting frame blood vessel are received, the optical coherence tomography data include Multiple images frame；By in the optical coherence tomography the data storage in the blood vessels storage device of data gathering system；Point The multiple picture frame is analysed to identify scaffold pole based on every frame；The angle for dividing the scaffold pole of identification is offset with described more The angular clearances data of merging are created on the frame adjacent area of individual picture frame；And the adjacent support of any two is determined in the frame adjacent area Maximum angle gap between bar.

Methods described can include one or more of following feature.Methods described can include：If the maximum Angular clearances are less than threshold angle gap, then are the frame comprising support by the frame classification.

Methods described can include：By identifying the consecutive frame comprising the maximum angle gap for being less than threshold angle gap Cluster identifies the region comprising support.

Methods described can include：Center of mass values is determined for the belt supporting frame blood vessel and is calculated for frame k relative to institute State the maximum angle gap of blood vessel barycenter.According to formulaUsing for the maximum to framing k Angular clearances θ_max,kCalculate the angular clearances module Ψ for frame k_k.Closer to 1 angular clearances module instruction institute State the frame for including support.

Methods described can include：If the angular clearances module is more than threshold angle gap (for example, about 0.25 to about 0.65), then is the frame comprising support by the frame classification.

Methods described can include：For frame k and at least one consecutive frame k+1, the angular clearances module is calculated. Methods described can include：For continuous consecutive frame, the angular clearances module is iteratively calculated.

Methods described can include：One or more of the step of methods described step is repeated sequentially to classify Multiple frames in the optical coherence tomography data.Methods described can include：If for the angle to framing Gap metric standard is more than threshold angle gap, then multiframe sequentially is categorized as including to the frame of support.Methods described can wrap Include：The region that the adjacent frame comprising support is collected as including the belt supporting frame of the first frame and last frame.Methods described can be with Including：If the frame of neighbouring first frame has the angular clearances module less than the threshold angle gap, terminate The first end in the region of the belt supporting frame.

Methods described can include：If the frame of the neighbouring last frame has the angle less than the threshold angle gap Gap metric standard is spent, then terminates second end in the region of the belt supporting frame.The present invention also relates in part to a kind of detection band branch The method in the region of the belt supporting frame in frame blood vessel.Methods described may include steps of：Stored using intravascular imaging system One or more intravascular image data sets of the blood vessel, each intravascular data set include multiple frames；Using it is intravascular into As one or more intravascular image data sets of the system storage blood vessel, each intravascular data set includes multiple frames；Limit Determine adjacent area, the adjacent area includes frame k and one or more frames near frame k；By combining all frames in the adjacent area On all struts for detecting determine the angular clearances for frame k；And using determine the angular clearances generation on Frame k angle coverage metric standard Ψ_k。

The angle coverage metric standard isForm, wherein, θ_max,kBetween adjacent struts most Wide-angle gap.

Methods described can include：If it is more than for the angle coverage metric standard to framing between threshold angle Gap, then multiframe sequentially is categorized as including to the frame of support.The present invention also relates in part to a kind of for detecting one or more The computing device based on programmable processor of the intravascular imaging system in the region of belt supporting frame.It is described to be based on programmable processor Computing device can include：For receiving one or more data access channels of intravascular imaging data；And with it is described The processor of one or more data access channel telecommunications and associated memory.

In one embodiment, the processor is programmed to：The blood vessel is stored using intravascular imaging system One or more intravascular image data sets, each intravascular data set include multiple frames；Adjacent area is limited, the adjacent area includes frame K and one or more frames near frame k；By combining all struts detected on all frames of the adjacent area come really The fixed angular clearances for frame k；The angle coverage metric standard Ψ on frame k is generated using the angular clearances of determination_k；With And if being more than threshold angle gap for the angle coverage metric standard to framing, then multiframe is categorized as including support Frame.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to the maximum adherent bad distance of support of detection, the maximum support are adherent not What good distance was defined as between the surface of scaffold pole and the vascular wall in the whole length of support most wide separates.Need this The minimum (particularly with coating stent of medicine) of distance is firmly attached to vascular wall to ensure the support and ensures the branch Frame provides enough radial supports and carrys out collapsing for anti-hemostatic tube.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to the maximum adherent bad distance of support of detection, the maximum support are adherent not What good distance was defined as between the surface of scaffold pole and the vascular wall in the whole length of support most wide separates.Need this The minimum (particularly with coating stent of medicine) of distance is firmly attached to vascular wall to ensure the support and ensures the branch Frame provides enough radial supports and carrys out collapsing for anti-hemostatic tube.

Partly, the present invention relates to a kind of computer interface, the computer interface has interested in top panel Inner chamber in the three-dimensional drawing of support do not placed properly.The adherent bad region of support can be shown as shadow region or tool There are other marks.Therefore, in one embodiment, method of the invention and feature described herein are pointed in multiple faces Allow the computer based user interface of OCT view in plate.Furthermore it is possible to show that support is adherent bad with three-dimensional.This Outside, in the case where the support of simulation is placed, user can reposition support to remove adherent bad region, that will prop up The suitable support of front simulation of frame implantation actual patient is placed.

These methods can include the scaffold pole for showing checking on a graphical user interface.Present invention additionally comprises computer Computer-readable recording medium, the computer-readable medium instruct including non-transitory, and non-transitory instruction causes processor when executed Perform the either step in above-mentioned steps.

Although the present invention relates to different aspect and embodiment, but it is to be understood that different aspect disclosed herein Can wholly or partly it be integrated with embodiment, this depends on the circumstances.Therefore, for giving implementation, depending on Depending on situation, during can each embodiment disclosed herein be incorporated in all fields to varying degrees.In addition, to the greatest extent Pipe describes some aspects and embodiment using " being used for ... part " term, but it is to be understood that institute disclosed herein There are aspect, embodiment and other concepts to may be used as the support to the claim of means-plus-function, even in written explanation Specific " being used for ... part " language is not used in the specific part of book.

Brief description of the drawings

Not necessarily to scale, but emphasis is normally placed at illustrative principles to accompanying drawing.Accompanying drawing is considered as illustrating in all fields Property and be not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined solely by the appended claims.

Fig. 1 shows the intravascular imaging of illustrated embodiment and the schematic diagram of data gathering system according to the present invention.

Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 E is shown according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention on user interface display and intravascular Data gathering system and its appropriate criteria and for diagnose process (including support transportation program) angiographic imaging system it is attached Refinement section.

Fig. 3 A to Fig. 6 show various user interfaces and the data expression according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention, including The various indexs related to one or more imaging modalities and the feature of fusion.

Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 B show intravascular imaging data (such as OCT of use of the illustrated embodiment according to the present invention Data) generation collateral index three dimensional representation.

Fig. 8 A to Fig. 9 B show on user interface display and intravascular data gathering system and its appropriate criteria and For the additional detail for the angiographic imaging system for diagnosing process.

Figure 10 A are according to the exemplary intravascular data gathering system of the illustrated embodiment of the present invention and associated Image procossing, detection and the other software parts of intravascular data collection probe and correlation.

Figure 10 B are the section OCT image according to the blood vessel of the belt supporting frame of the illustrated embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is the method stream for being used to detect strut in OCT image data according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention Cheng Tu.

Figure 12 is for the blood vessel of the belt supporting frame of the illustrated embodiment according to the present invention using polar coordinates, using logarithm mark The scan line OCT image of chi.

Figure 13 is the inspection for the multiple potential struts in single shade for showing the illustrated embodiment according to the present invention The figure of survey.

Figure 14 A are the belt supporting frame blood before false positive scaffold pole is eliminated according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention The intravascular pictorial data representation user interface in area under control domain.

Figure 14 B are the belt supporting frame blood after false positive scaffold pole is eliminated according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention The intravascular pictorial data representation user interface in area under control domain.

Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B are to be drawn according to the outline of the combined frames of the illustrated embodiment of the present invention, these combined frames As using automatic supporter detection algorithm to a frame whether be belt supporting frame region part assessment a part.

Figure 16 is to be covered to mark and draw according to the angle of the frame position of two supports of division of the illustrated embodiment of the present invention Curve map.

Figure 17 is the flow chart for showing multiframe stent area detection algorithm according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 18 A are the belt supporting frame area vasculosa before false positive strut is eliminated according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention The intravascular pictorial data representation user interface in domain.

Figure 18 B are the belt supporting frame area vasculosa after false positive strut is eliminated according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention The intravascular pictorial data representation user interface in domain.

Embodiment

Partly, the present invention relates to intravascular data gathering system, such as OCT, IVUS and angioradiographic system, Yi Ji Such as the data exchange between both or the more persons in above-mentioned item, and the generation and display of diagnostic message (such as index). In one embodiment, intravascular data (such as OCT) are collected, while synchronously collect angiographic data.Index can wrap Include one or more one-dimensional or X-Y scheme elements and one or more associated marks, such as color, gray scale or other Color range, hashed value, symbol or other visual elements.

Can generate and show one or more indexs, such as by by this kind of index with use intravascular Data Collection system The image generated of uniting is overlapping or otherwise combines.These indexs can include longitudinal direction, section and other index classes Type, it is all as suited for the one or more marks for indicating diagnostic message (such as relative to the tracking indicated selected by user) interested Note or graphic element.Scaffold pole index can also be used.There is described herein support and the method for shadow Detection, these methods Available for showing this kind of intravascular feature and the relative covering of display, such as index or mark in the user interface. Angiographic data can also be integrated with various common counters and be shown as the part for display merged.At one In embodiment, can be misinterpreted as interlayer, collateral or other blood vessel features shade and other elements can be colored or with Other manner changes to distinguish them and promote that the user of picture frame and data is checked and analyzed according to embodiment.

Suitable diagnostic message can include support adherence quality information, and such as support is relative to vascular wall or luminal border Adherent bad, user selected OCT positions and associated angiogram frame position and other intravascular examines in the blood vessel Disconnected information or to facilitate the other information that support transportation program is generated.The system includes processor, and the processor is used with figure Family interface communications and it is configured to send commands to graphic user interface.Following item is performed using one or more software programs One or more of：Fused data (such as multiple image data), generation and display represent the luminal border relative to determination Longitudinal indexs of backing positions, coding or mark the shortage of data region for terminal user, by the OCT positions selected by user Information be converted into shown using the angiogram of one or more graphic elements with promote fusion and visually identify support and Simulation support and other items disclosed herein for plan purpose.

Partly, the present invention relates on patient data (such as view data or relative to the patient measurement it is other Blood vessel intrinsic parameter) display on graphic user interface (GUI) element that represents or index.Any clinically useful parameter exists Its optical coherent tomography retract record IVUS or other is intravascular or process of angioradiographic system during longitudinal direction It can be evaluated when changing to ground or section and be shown as index or mark.Each index/mark can be by Cardiologists Useful information clinically is recorded for entirely retracting for quickly being checked in single view, without manually manipulating figure Picture.Parameter based on above or below clinically significant threshold value, index can direct the user to interested in blood vessel Specified point.It is whole by using other scale encoded parameter values of appropriate flags, can with continuous color table or for example be easy to be directed to Individual blood vessel is with a kind of different orders of severity of the understandable total junction parameter of viewpoint.Using various adherent bars, support index and use These features are shown in other indexs of angiographic image and other intravascular Data Collection images.

The system that Fig. 1 includes some features being adapted for carrying out in these features.Fig. 2A shows four panels, wherein, it is right Top panel includes the angiogram with various indexs and shown, various indexs include the first user selected location US1, second user Selected location US2 and active frame AF.These indexs are also shown in bottom L mode or longitudinal panel, wherein, US1 and US2 Corresponding to shown vertical curve, and active frame AF is corresponding to the vertical curve between US1 and US2.It is transversal at upper right panel Active frame is shown in the view of face.Centre panel shows the value of the US1 positions in units of mm and the value of US2 positions, as Vessel position and the MLA calculated.Fig. 2 B show that the amplification of the Fig. 1 merged with Fig. 1 OCT data angiographic image regards Figure.These user interfaces include removable Elements C 1, C2, may move Elements C 1, C2 can by user using mouse, action bars, Or other control pieces are controlled and can operated using one or more processors and memory storage element.Removable element C1, C2 are control piece and can be rotated or moved as the part at interface.In Fig. 2 C and Fig. 3 B and other figures Show removable Elements C 1, C2.In figure 3b, control piece C1, C2 be also indicated as relative to scaffold pole semicircle and Line segment is represented as in right panel.

Fig. 2 C show that adherent bar/bar 111 exists as the index with region R1 to region R7, region R1 to region R7 Shown in the angiogram view in upper right side, this is further shown specifically in figure 2d.Upper right panel shows that R3 shows to exceed sense The adherent region of the threshold value of interest.Under L mode, scaffold pole coding has mark, such as symbol or color.Feel in adherent bar The adherent region of interest is kept over the display, even if data set is rotated to just make user's concern for support plan and patient Diagnose important region.In this sense, index can persistently guide Jiao of user during plan or other processes Point.Fig. 2 E show the additional detail on exemplary adherent bar or bar 111.Bar 111 can be used for support plan and Check and indicate have in intravascular image relative to the adherence quality of scaffold pole or the region of another module.In a reality Apply in mode, bar 111 is lasting in user interface view, to alert user's stent area, even if the stent area It is invisible based on the view (three-dimensional, cross section, longitudinal direction, visual angle etc.) selected by user.

Reference picture 2C, two points interested of user's selection are shown as U1 and U2.R3 corresponds to interested adherent Defective region.R2 corresponds to first support and R6 corresponds to second support.Gaps of the R5 between R2 and R6.By the data and blood Pipe radiography data fusion, as shown in Figure 2 D, to facilitate support plan.Probe DC Data Collection member is shown in the images Part.R1 and R7 is in the absence of support and corresponding to the remote area and proximal end region of intravascular space.U1 and U2 places as user Mark, these marks can be checked that the user of live angiogram is used for providing it the area vasculosa for indicating U1 and U2 The reference frame of section.One or more displays can be used, such as live angiogram and with the frame that retracts previously obtained OCT retracts data.

Using these indexs and other indexs, image and index can be used as instrument to help to be based on the institute in Fig. 2 C and Fig. 2 D The data shown carry out guide support conveying.In cross section or longitudinal view, color coding that index can also be to provide in more detail Or the scaffold pole mark otherwise encoded shows when need to make stent expansion.In Fig. 2 E, shown by adherent bar 111 First support 222a and second support 222b region are gone out.It is also shown for inner chamber or unsupported region 224 and adherent bad Region 223.This 111 can be displayed on any angiogram interested or OCT or IVUS images.In an embodiment In, show that adherent bar make it that it is independent or lasting blood vessel internal view, the figure comprising index or support is not present so as to work as Adherent bar is shown during picture.For example, can be based on the support detection, inner chamber detection, branch that the system using Fig. 1 and Figure 10 A is generated Frame adherence quality is measured with various Graphics overlays to generate various indexs and mark.

Fig. 3 A show the interface with longitudinal view or L mode, and the interface is shown based on coded by adherent threshold value Adherent bar above scaffold pole index.Bar 111 is illustrated in GUI centre, without the He of stent area 224 not shown in it Adherent defective region 223.Luminal border data from OCT or IVUS be used for determine adherent problem, such as in view of as pair The strut data of the detection of the input of software module are generated in adherent bar, then the adherent problem is exceeded for threshold value.In figure 3b, Interface screen show for L mode such as in shown GUI sectional drawings show above shown by the survey of metallization scaffold pole Measure the example of advanced adherent index.Adherent index allows the summary information on clinical parameter to be shown, without manual Ground manipulates or check image data.The adherent bar of support and herein shown in other indexs and its with angiogram merge to User provides many advantages.

In Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B, Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, some embodiments of user interface show intravascular data and blood vessel Radiography data (under usable condition) are together with the exemplary indicator adherent for scaffold pole and other data based on index Display.In one embodiment, flowed through in L mode and angiographic image, three-dimensional and adherent bar is shown on image etc..Fig. 4 B The angiographic image with stent data is shown, it illustrates the threshold information of the external boundary along blood vessel and adherent bar 111 longitudinal view.Region 161a in the angiogram part of user interface also 161b pairs of the region with bar 111 Together.In one embodiment, by angiographic image and adherent bar align or together with register.One feature of adherent bar 111 It is that the adherent bar 111 is lasting in the user interface, if so as to there is support in 2D or 3D rendering, but the support Not shown based on section or visual angle, then adherent bar can continue and show support and any associated adherent bad presence, even if 2D or 3D supports do not show in the gui.This is the support useful feature for programmable diagnostics.

In Figure 4 A, bar 111 is shown, it indicates scaffold pole and adherent region 157 interested.Branch can be utilized The performance of itself of frame strut is grouped to region 157 interested adherent these show, these scaffold poles be color-coded or Encoded with another mark visual in GUI.In Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, show that coding has mark by region 188 The example of the packet of the scaffold pole of note and bar.In these regions 188, bar 111 is illustrated and support and a system The performance alignment of row strut, this series of strut have the adherent various marks corresponded to relative to vascular wall.Use detection Luminal border compare the backing positions relative to it.Include the additional detail on support detection herein.

Fig. 5 shows another GUI with index or image real time transfer feature, and by this, missing data (is such as covered Data or seal wire missing shade) by software modification to replace the missing data with gray scale mask or another index.In order to keep away Exempt from user to be confused by collateral, interlayer or missing data, service index MD indicates the region of shortage of data.This have prevent user For missing data, sandwiched area or benefit that is collateral and mistaking.In one embodiment, due to shade or otherwise And the region of shortage of data be shown with mark or index, such as gray areas, painted areas, hashed value or it is another can sighting target Note.Middle double-head arrow icon allows view to be rotated.The user's control is together with adherent bar and passes through color coding or other Mark all improves and extends view data and/or angiogram number from intravascular data collection probe to the mark of seal wire According to diagnostic area.

In another embodiment, as shown in figure 5, index W is used to point to seal wire image.In one embodiment, The seal wire or select the seal wire to be removed from image that index W can be used for identifying in GUI.Fig. 6 shows three with adherent bar Dimension flight, the adherent bar be shown as user, corresponding to the track in front of the view plane of the cross section on right side.Show that support supports Bar and the bar 111- in adherent region interested are included in 3D flights view and any other view interested-felt emerging The region of interest is kept visually to alert the important angiosomes of user during support plan during rotation.

Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B show to correspond to collateral other index S B.Rendering for vascular wall VW is shown also relative to collateral. The region in 2D data and 3D data can be protruded using these indexs and other indexs.Such as institute in the user interface shown in Show, such as Fig. 9 B, each circle/line segment C1, C2 in upper right view navigates between being rotated in each view of image.Figure 8A to Fig. 9 B shows to be used for navigation picture data set and performs the additional interface and control information of diagnosis (such as support plan).Can To use the shown herein each proximal end view of instrument navigation and distal end view and other perspective views.One or more real Apply in mode, index (such as adherent bar 111) is lasting, so as to which these indexs are kept in the view, even if being navigated remote Adherent defective region.

Therefore, some indexs are unrelated with rotation, if so as to region of the index including the parameter with more than threshold value or length Degree, then the region keeps being instructed to, in this way, even if view data is altered so that the view of rotation covers such as adherent bad branch The region in frame region.Therefore, if the side of blood vessel has adherent problem, user still recognizes that the problem is related to it in blood Position in pipe.In the one or more views or user interface of angiogram or OCT image, adherent bar can be shown as Index.

It is such as shown in each figure, adherent bar 111 can be subdivided into various regions or length, these regions or length table Show the presence of one or more of blood vessel support or for the adherent bad or gap between the support of the blood vessel with more supports.Can So that angiographic data and associated picture frame to be merged with OCT data.In addition, it is as is shown in this figure, selected by user It can be configured to instruct support plan corresponding to the vertical curve of eparterial specific fore-and-aft distance.The rotation of bar is unrelated or continues Property provided during support plan further auxiliary and error reduce.

During support transportation program process, the mark that clinician specifies can be by providing the user selection support chi Very little and be used for support plan relative to the benchmark of blood vessel, relative to the benchmark, user may be referred to use live blood vessel simultaneously Radiography disposes support.Adherent bad grade and position are provided, user may be referred to OCT and the angiogram with note, to enter one Step extension or mobile support, the part as transportation program.For example, these system features and method can use in Fig. 1 Shown system 3 and Figure 10 A system are realized.

Fig. 1 shows system 3, and the system 3 includes being suitable for collecting data or detects the feature of patient 4 or sense patient's 4 Situation or the various data collecting subsystems for otherwise diagnosing patient 4.In one embodiment, patient is placed in properly On supporting member 19, the supporting member 19 such as desk, bed, chair or other suitable supports.Generally, patient 4 is with interested Specific region 25 people or other animals.

Data gathering system 3 includes non-invasive imaging system, such as nuclear magnetic resonance, x-ray, computer assisted tomography Photography or other suitable non-invasive imaging techniques.As indicated, show as the non-limiting of this kind of non-invasive imaging system Example, show all angioradiographic systems 21 as suited for generation image.Angioradiographic system 21 can include fluoroscopy system System.For example, angioradiographic system 21 is configured to non-invasively be imaged patient 4 so that generation multiframe angiographic data is (logical It is often the form of multiple image data) while process is retracted using the execution of probe 30, thereby using one or more imaging techniques Angiography in (such as OCT or IVUS) makes the blood vessel imaging in the region 25 of patient 4.

In one embodiment, angioradiographic system 21 stores with angiographic data and image management system 22 is logical Letter, angiographic data storage and image management system 22 may be implemented as work station or server.In an embodiment party In formula, the data processing of the angiogram signal on collection is performed directly on the detector of angioradiographic system 21.Come from The image of system 21 is stored and managed by angiographic data storage and image management system 22.

In one embodiment, the function of system server 50 or the processing system 22 of work station 87.In some embodiment party In formula, whole system 21 generates electromagnetic radiation, such as x-ray.System 21 also receives this kind of radiation after by patient 4.Connect , data handling system 22 makes one or more regions of patient 4 (including area using the signal from angioradiographic system 21 Domain 25) imaging.The system allow angiographic data together with intravascular data and various indexs as described in this article and The scaffold pole and shade of detection are displayed on display 82 and display 82.

As shown in the particular example, region 25 interested is vascular or peripheral vascular system (such as particular blood vessel) Subset.This can be imaged using OCT.Data collection probe 30 based on conduit is introduced into patient 4 and is placed in specific blood In the inner chamber for managing (such as coronary artery).Probe 30 can be various types of data collection probes, and such as OCT is visited In pin, FFR probes, IVUS probes, the above-mentioned item of combination both or more the probe of the feature of person and be suitable in the blood vessels Other probes of imaging.Probe 30 generally includes probe tip, one or more radiopaque marker, optical fiber and torsions Silk.In addition, probe tip includes one or more data collecting subsystems, such as beam director, acoustic beam director, pressure inspection Survey the combination of device sensor, other transducers or detector and above-mentioned item.

For the intravascular probe including beam director, optical fiber 33 and the probe optic communication with beam director.Turn round Turn silk restriction optical fiber and be placed on hole therein.In Fig. 1, optical fiber 33 is shown as nothing and surrounds its torque wire.In addition, probe 30 Also include the sheath for forming a part for conduit, such as polymer jacket (not shown).Optical fiber 33 is optically coupled to patient circle Face unit (Patient Interface Unit, PIU) 35, as indicated, under the background of OCT systems, the optical fiber 33 is interference A part for the sample arm of instrument.

Patient interface unit 35 includes being appropriate to the probe adapter for receiving the end of probe 30 and with its optics coupling.It is logical Often, data collection probe 30 is disposable.Based on the type of used data collection probe, PIU 35 includes suitably connecing Component and element.For example, combination OCT and IVUS data collection probes need OCT and IVUS PIU.PIU 35 generally also includes electricity Machine, the motor are suitable for retracting torque wire, sheath and the optical fiber 33 being placed in one, this part as the process that retracts.Except It is pulled, rotates probe tip typically also through PIU35.Using which, patient 4 can be made longitudinally or by cross section Blood vessel imaging.Probe 30 can be used for measuring special parameter, such as FFR or other pressure measxurements.Picture number can be used According to generating various the 2D views and 3D views that can be navigated, as shown in being drawn in user interface.

Then, PIU 35 is connected to one or more intravascular data gathering systems 42.Intravascular data gathering system 42 It can be the combination of OCT systems, IVUS systems, another imaging system and above-mentioned item.For example, system 42 is OCT probes in probe Background under can include the sample arm of interferometer, the reference arm of interferometer, photodiode, control system and patient interface Unit.Similarly, as another example, under the background of IVUS systems, intravascular data gathering system 42 can include ultrasound Signal generation and process circuit, noise filter, rotatable fastener, motor and boundary element.In one embodiment, Data gathering system 42 and angioradiographic system 21 have shared clock or be configured to make angiogram video frame time stamp and The synchronous other clock signals of OCT image frame time stamp.

, can also be relative to the area of patient except Fig. 1 invasive and Noninvasive image data collection system and equipment Other parameters of interest of domain 25 and patient collect the data of various other types.For example, data collection probe 30 can wrap Include one or more pressure sensors, such as pressure line.Pressure line can be used, without adding OCT or ultrasonic components.Can Pressure reading is obtained with the section of the blood vessel in the region 25 along patient 4.

This kind of reading can be forwarded by wired connection or by wireless connection.Such as received in blood flow reserve fraction FFR data Shown in collecting system, wireless transceiver 48 is configured to receive pressure reading from probe 30 and these readings is sent into generation FFR The system of measured value or the more multiposition along tested blood vessel.Blood can also be shown using one or more displays 82,83 Pipe radiography data frame, OCT frames, the user interface for OCT and angiographic data, shade, index, missing data and sense Other controls of interest and feature.

Intravascular view data (the intravascular data of multiframe such as generated using data collection probe 30) can be route To data collection process system 42, the data collection process system 42 is connected to probe by PIU 35.Use angiogram system System 22 generation noninvasive view data can be transferred to one or more servers or work station, be stored in one or Handled in multiple servers or work station and by one or more servers or work station, one or more servers or Work station such as converged services device 50 or work station 87.Frame of video capture apparatus 55 can be used in each embodiment, it is all Such as computer plate, it is configured to capture angiogram data from system 22.

In one embodiment, include being stored in memory 70 and performed by processor 80 one of server 50 or Multiple fusion software modules 60.Server 50 can include other typical components for the calculation server based on processor. Or more data storehouse (such as database 90) can be configured to receive the view data of generation, the parameter of patient and generation Other information, above-mentioned item are received or transmitted by one or more of the system equipment shown in Fig. 1 or part by databases 90 To database 90.Although database 90 is connected to server 50 when being shown as in the memory being stored at work station 87, But this is an exemplary configuration.For example, software module 60 can be run on the processor at work station 87, and data Storehouse 90 can be located in the memory of server 50.Equipment or system for running various software modules are provided as example. In various combinations, multiple image data, this kind of image of processing can be obtained using hardware and software described herein Data and this kind of view data of registration.

Such as mark in addition herein, software module 60 can include software (such as pretreatment software), conversion, matrix, interior Chamber detection, support detection, shadow Detection, index generator and display and for handle view data or response patient touch Send out to facilitate by fusion of other parts 60 based on software to different types of view data or otherwise perform this kind of Other parts based on software of fusion.Module can be examined including the use of the inner chamber of the method based on scan line or based on image Survey, detected using the support of the method based on scan line or based on image, index generates, the adherent bar generation for support plan And prevent with it is contentious obscure, seal wire shade index that is collateral and lacking data etc..

Database 90 can be configured to receive and store angiogram data 92, such as be given birth to by angioradiographic system 21 Into and by server 50 the view data grabbed frame device 55 and obtained.Database 90 can be configured to receive and store OCT image number According to 95, such as generated by OCT systems 42 and by the view data grabbed frame device 55 and obtained of server 50.

In addition, patient 4 can be electrically coupled to one or more monitors by one or more electrodes, such as monitor Device 49.Monitor 49 can include but is not limited to electrocardio monitor, the electrocardio monitor be configured to generation on cardiac function and The data of the various states (such as contraction and diastole) of patient are shown.Knowing can be aided in blood vessel center using cardiac phase The tracking of line, such as geometry including heart coronarius are almost identical under specific cardiac phase, even in decentraction On the dynamic cycle.

Therefore, if angiographic data crosses over several cardiac cycles, the vessel centerline under same cardiac phase Single order matching can run through retract and aid in tracking center line.In addition, because heart movement occurs mostly in heart receipts During contracting, it is desirable to vasomotion near heart contraction it is higher and suppress towards diastole.This is served data to One or more software modules, the instruction as the expected amount of exercise between coherent angiographic frames.Desired movement is known Knowledge can be used for by one or more software modules by allowing the adaptive constraint based on desired movement to improve tracking quality With blood vessel center line mass.

The related embodiment of shadow Detection

The present invention partly provides the accurate of the strut for identifying the shade for causing detection in the support shade of detection Skew or position method and system.Sometimes, have in shade and correspond in scan line relative to dark-shaded background Bright strut bloom or peak value possible single strut positions.However, multiple struts are often detected in strut shade Peak value, making it difficult to identify the exact position of scaffold pole.Pseudo- peak can be by the stagnant product of blood for example in area is retracted, bad blood Edge Oscillation effect causes caused by liquid removing or the image forming optics due to being interacted with metal vaulting pole.The present invention provides use In the method and system that the optimal candidate item for true scaffold is identified in support shade.

Figure 10 A are to show blood vessel 5 (such as artery), data collection probe 7 and intravascular Data Collection and processing system 10 high level schematic diagram.Method described by reference picture 10A system 10 can also using Fig. 1 system 3 and other systems come Perform.Especially, Figure 10 A system 10 can include such as OCT systems, intravascular ultrasound (Intravascular Ultrasound, IVUS) system or other intravascular imaging systems.Support 12 is shown in blood vessel 5.Support includes multiple supports Bar.Some struts can generate shade or shadow region SR, one as the process for making blood vessel imaging using intravascular probe Point.System 10 can include being adapted for carrying out collateral detection, support detection, peakvalue's checking, shadow region detection and processing, error Correction, bar generation and display, model compares, inner chamber is detected and various other processes as described in this article it is various soft Part module.System 10 can include meeting application described herein and the interference of Data Collection and the appropriate light of bandwidth demand Source.The additional detail on some example brackets detection feature is more fully described in reference picture 14A to Figure 18 B.System 10 can With including ultrasonic image-forming system.Probe 7 can include the conduit 20 with conduit part, and the conduit part has one or more optical fiber 15 and the probe tip 17 that is placed in one.In one embodiment, probe tip 17 includes beam director.

As indicated, conduit 20 is introduced into inner chamber 11, in such as arterial lumens.Probe 7 can include rotation or slidably Optical fiber 15, the rotation or slidable optical fiber 15 make light be directed to forward in the L of inner chamber or make light along perpendicular to optical fiber 15 The direction of the longitudinal axis is oriented to.Therefore, in the case of the light being oriented to when optical fiber 15 rotates from the side of probe, relative to blood vessel 5 Wall collect OCT data.The wall of blood vessel 5 limits luminal border.It can use from inner chamber inspection software part is used in probe pinpoint The distance measure that the optical signalling collected at 17 obtains is held to detect the luminal border.Artery is being pulled back through using probe In the scan line of period generation, collateral and scaffold pole and shadow region and further feature can be identified.

In one embodiment, except OCT, probe 7 can also include other imaging modalities, such as in an embodiment party Ultrasound in formula.In one embodiment, inner chamber/luminal border refers to leaving intravascular image probe in light or ultrasonic wave When the part that is knocked first of blood vessel, the intravascular image probe generates the signal interested for making blood vessel imaging.This row Except any blood flowed in the blood vessels, the blood is removed by using the image procossing of masking form.In an embodiment party In formula, inner chamber or luminal border refer to being placed in the tissue regions in the vasotropic region containing blood in the front of vascular wall and face.

As shown in Figure 10 A, probe tip 17 is located in the L of inner chamber so that the probe tip 17 is in the area of the belt supporting frame of blood vessel 5 The distal end in domain.Probe tip 17 is configured to launch light and receives the light from target backscattering, for example, these targets such as support 12 and the wall of blood vessel 5.The remainder of probe tip 17 and data collection probe 7 is drawn through the area of inner chamber L and belt supporting frame Domain.As shown in Figure 10 B, probe 17 is shown before or after blood vessel is inserted.Probe 7 carries out optic communication with OCT systems 10.By Optical fiber 15, which is connected to the OCT systems of probe 17 or subsystem 10, can include light source (such as laser), have sample arm and base The interferometer of quasi- arm, various optical paths, clock generator, photodiode and other OCT system units.

In one embodiment, optical receiver 31 (such as system based on balanced photodiodes) can receive from Open the light of probe 7.Computing device 40 (such as computer, processor, ASIC or miscellaneous equipment) can be one of OCT systems 10 Divide or the independent subsystem with the telecommunication of OCT systems 10 or optic communication can be included as.Computing device 40 can include interior Deposit, memory, bus and the other parts for being suitable for processing data and software 44, the software 44 are such as configured to following article Collateral detection, scaffold pole candidate selection or mark, the detection of candidate's scaffold pole shadow region, the stent area discussed is examined Survey, scaffold pole checking, the correlation analysis of stent image data and compare, support visualization and retract the image of Data Collection Data processing stage.In one embodiment, software 44 can include streamline, and the streamline includes various modules, such as Support detection module, the support detection module is automatically so as to intravascular data manipulation with detection support strut.The module Various other software modules, such as sparse peak detection block, model strut generation module, false positive test mould can be included Block and as described in this article other modules.

In one embodiment, computing device 40 includes or access software module or program 44, such as collateral detection mould Block, inner chamber detection module, support detection module, scaffold pole authentication module, candidate's scaffold pole identification module and other softwares Module.Software module or program 44 can include image data processing pipeline or its component models and one or more figures User interface (GUI).The various methods based on software described herein can be included as the one of this group of software/program 44 Part.Module can be mutual subset and arrange and connect by various input, output and data class.In an implementation In mode, software module 44 includes support detection module, such as automatic supporter detection module.

Example images handle streamline and its part may be constructed one or more software programs or module 44.Software mould Block 44 can include being formulated at the multiple images of detection intravascular space, collateral, seal wire, conduit, scaffold pole and stent area Adjustment method.The present invention relates to the image procossing for determining position of the metal vaulting pole in its shade.Image data processing pipeline, its Part, software module and correlation technique and either method described herein be stored in memory and using one or Multiple computing devices (such as processor, equipment or other integrated circuits) perform.Software module or program 44 receive picture number The two dimension view and 3-D view of blood vessel and support are converted to according to and by this kind of view data, and can be detected including inner chamber soft Part module, peakvalue's checking software module, support inspection software module and collateral inspection software module etc..

As indicated, in Figure 10 A, display 46 can also be the part for display information 47 of system 10, the information The viewgraph of cross-section of 47 blood vessels such as generated from OCT or IVUS imaging datas and adherent bar and other indexs and longitudinal direction regard Figure.Image processing software algorithm 44 provides the data of the characteristics of image (support, collateral, seal wire etc.) corresponding to detection, with And the data are transfused to GUI, this is on GUI cross section, longitudinal direction and/or 3D display section shows that these are special with expected form Sign.

In addition, display 46 can also display information 47, the view data generation that the use of such as belt supporting frame blood vessel is collected Viewgraph of cross-section and longitudinal view, user interface, image and various indexs and mark.Can be by display 46 by support Expression (such as itself OCT or IVUS image) be shown to user.In these features and it may include the volume in displayed image Code is with or otherwise marked with execution support detection before the display of any feature of identification mark.One or more graphical users can be used Interface display should the information 47 based on OCT.Figure 10 B, Figure 14 A, Figure 14 B and Figure 18 B image and depicted herein its Its user interface and its part are the example for the display information 47 that can be shown and be interacted using GUI and various input equipments.Specifically Ground, this illustrates the 2D viewgraph of cross-section coronarius comprising metallic support.

Covered in addition, display information 47 can include but is not limited to cross-sectional scans data, longitudinal scanning, diameter figure, image Film, support, adherent bad region, luminal border and other images of blood vessel or expression are received using OCT systems and data Collect lower floor's distance measure that probe obtains.Computing device 40 can also include software or program 44, and software or program 44 can be with Be stored in one or more storage devices 45, be configured to such as using text, arrow, coloud coding, highlight, contour, Or other suitable people or machine-readable markers identify scaffold pole and adherent bad grade (such as based on threshold value and by ranging From comparison), the strut in shadow region and shadow region and other blood vessel features.Once obtain OCT data using probe And store it in memory；The data can be processed to generate information 47, such as blood vessel along the length for retracting area or And its viewgraph of cross-section, longitudinal view, and/or the 3-D view of subset.These views can be depicted as example such as Figure 1B, figure 1C, Figure 14 A and shown in Figure 14 B and the user interface as otherwise described and describing herein part.

Figure 10 B are the section OCT image according to the blood vessel of the belt supporting frame of the present invention.The inner chamber of blood vessel/luminal border L is in The center of image.In the upside of image, from 12 points to 1, direction, seal wire shade 12 are visible.In fig. 1 ob also as can be seen Multiple metallic support struts 14, these cast shadow 16 in OCT image of metallic support strut 14.Metallic support strut is against blood Tube wall cast shadow, it can not penetrate scaffold pole because being generally used for the coherent light of OCT image and be reflected.The present invention provides use In the improved method of the precision offset of the strut in detection strut shade.Once being detected, then the shade of Figure 10 B strut can be with For generating user interface and index described herein.

Figure 11 is the method flow diagram for detecting strut in OCT image data.Method 100 retracts frame in multiple OCT Shade of the middle analysis corresponding to scaffold pole.Method 100 can include one or more of step described herein step Suddenly.Unless Otherwise Requested, otherwise these steps can perform in any order.Metal vaulting pole detection method is based on from other The various inputs of image/intravascular data processing module are operated, and various inputs are such as on seal wire (140), collateral (130) With the information of strut shadow positions (110).Process flow and associated method and step and stage can be based on using OCT, Data or initial data 120 are operated in the primitive vessel that the intravascular data gathering systems of IVUS or other obtain.At one In embodiment, data 120 are by the processing of one or more of pipeline configuration image processing module.

In step 110, by each shade in OCT image data with being detected from collateral detection module 130 and seal wire The data input of module 140 compares or is associated to determine whether the shade is attributable to collatoral vessel or seal wire.For detecting Strut shade, collateral and seal wire shade method, system and equipment are known.Referring for example to US 8,412,312, US 8, 478,387th, US 8,831,321, US 9,138,147 and US 9,173,591.

In step 150, if given shade is confirmed as being attributable to seal wire or collateral, the shade is abandoned and relative to this The analysis of shade terminates.In step 160, if by directly detecting or being defined as being attributable to by given shade by elimination process Scaffold pole, then the shade is analyzed to calculate or isolate the interior section of the shade.Shadow edge is trimmed away or with other side Formula is reduced or constrained so that only retains the scan line or A lines of inside (therefore " most dark ") part corresponding to shade.It is right This reason for is that shadow region (specifically, the beginning scan line of shade and termination scan line) can include from adjacent interior sometimes The spilling of chamber pixel.Make the internal insulation of shade and ignore the transition scan line at Shadow edge improve strut skew comment Estimate.

In step 170, shaded interior is analyzed to calculate each of the scan line corresponding to the interior section across the shade The projection (or summation) of sample.Each scan line is sampled as discrete pixel or " sample ".In OCT image data are inputted, respectively sweep Retouch the data that line refers to utilizing the imaging catheter in center to obtain along special angle direction.Successively by each scan line radially It is sampled as component standing statue element or " sample ".Each sample in OCT data is usually several microns wide and size is typically equal Even." projection " refers to the process being added across every scan line.In other words, make in { scan line, sample } space Two-dimentional shade is collapsed as one-dimensional signal, wherein, i-th of index corresponds to i-th of sample of each scan line being related in this process This summation.Projection includes the sample in radius R, and these samples are from the composition scan line in this with Radius R Sample is averaged.

In step 180, projection is searched for for the up to three (for example, 1,2 or 3) in maximum local maximum.It can incite somebody to action The position of each selected maximum or skew are designated as potential strut positions, and then the special characteristic of maximum selected by analysis is to determine Which is the optimal candidate as true strut.In each embodiment, maximum maximum is only selected.In other embodiment In, select both or the three in maximum maximum.The initial selected of multiple local maximums improves susceptibility.Although it can select Select more than three local maximum, but this is usually necessary because one of three highest maximum be indicated generally at it is true Strut positions.Maximum selection course is shown by Figure 12 and Figure 13.

Figure 12 is the A lines or scan line OCT image using log scale of the blood vessel of belt supporting frame.Frame on the right side of image The analyzed shade of 155 instructions, and Figure 13 show the perspective view for the shade.Intravascular space L is in the upside of image Dark area, and vascular wall VW are the bright areas in the downside of image.Herein, L is generally used to indicate that inner chamber.It is multiple Support 14 and support shade 16 are visible in the images.In one embodiment, inner chamber for blood vessel tissue with it is clean Inside between border.

Figure 13 is the figure for the detection for showing multiple potential struts in single shade.Figure 13 is the internal shaded scan of leap The drawing of the projection of line.With two local maximums 22a and 22b.Two potential supports that these maximum correspond in shade Bar position.These positions can be used for showing branch on a user interface by intravascular imaging system (such as OCT or IVUS systems) Frame strut, as shown in this article.

Additional wave filter can be applied to local maximum to remove false positive.In each embodiment, selection Local maximum, as long as it has the letter of 1/10 (such as 10%) more than global peak (along the maximum maximum of projection) Number.The global peak is the peak value with amplitude peak.10% threshold value reduces selection due to false local maximum caused by noise Chance.The threshold value can be arranged between 5% (i.e. 1/20) and 10% of global peak, such as 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%, wherein 10% is preferable.In each embodiment, if detecting multiple peak values very close to each other, Then only select peak-peak for further analysis.

In step 190, selected local maximum is analyzed so which to determine based on the available information of adjacent domain from strut Individual maximum has the maximum probability as true strut.Associated score is distributed to based on one or more of following standard Each strut：

1. the adjacency with inner chamber：Selected local maximum is scored based on the adjacency with luminal border.Near The local maximum of inner chamber around strut shade receives highest score and the part farthest from the inner chamber around strut shade Maximum receives lowest fractional.

2. peak strength：Selected local maximum is scored based on peak strength.Local maximum with peak-peak Value receives highest score and the local maximum with minimum peak receives lowest fractional.

3. adherent undesirable level：It is adherent to selected local maximum scoring based on its, it is adherent to refer to and inner chamber juxtaposition State.Away from inner chamber or vascular wall it is predefined it is acceptable apart from interior adherent local maximum receive it is higher it is adherent not Good fraction.The strut too remote from inner chamber or vascular wall is (using one or more interface screens by user's specified threshold or based on connecing The treatment threshold value received determines) it is punished and receives relatively low adherent bad fraction as potential false positive.In an embodiment party In formula, whether strut can be had the adherent bad fraction for being 0 or 1 respectively by adherent bad according to it.

These standards of grading are exemplary, and can use the additional scoring mark based on other struts and shadow character It is accurate.In one embodiment, candidate's scaffold pole is verified using frame analysis is intersected, to indicate that strut is effective, condition Be another section of the section of the strut in consecutive frame or contiguous frames or with another section pair in consecutive frame or contiguous frames Together.

Each local maximum is worth to composite score, the composite score for the linear of above-mentioned standard and.In step 200, choosing The local maximum with highest score is selected as effective strut.In step 210, remaining local maximum is saved as and needed The alternative further analyzed or standby strut.In the case of draw, the local maximum near inner chamber and/or most bright is used Local maximum as deciding the issue of the battle attribute.Table 1 provides the exemplary hierarchical of the local maximum for support shade.

Table 1：It is classified for the local maximum of support shade

As shown in table 1, local maximum 1 has highest point total and therefore will be chosen as the effective strut of candidate.Local maximum Value 2 and local maximum 3 will be designated as standby strut.

In step 220, all local maximums (effective strut and any standby strut) experience multiframe checking.In the step In rapid, compare consecutive frame to verify that effective strut in a frame aligns with effective strut selected by consecutive frame.If effectively Strut is not alignd with other struts for intersecting frame, then effective strut can be replaced with standby strut, and condition is the standby strut It is better suited for intersecting frame model.One embodiment of multiframe verification step can use scaffold pole geometry and position Information.The other embodiment with bigger one group of strut and shadow character can also be used for the step.The position and several What structure may be used as all features together with further feature (such as previously having retracted data or the information of other users supply).

Once being detected, then effective or selected strut can be shown on a user interface, the user interface is near to close weight Want vision auxiliary be communicated to clinician, the vision aid on scaffold pole exact position and whether may need to adjust It is whole with optimize and/or accelerate stenter to implant and reduce side effect risk.User interface can include cross-sectional image, L mode figure Picture, scanning yoke picture, three-dimensional rendering or for making the visual any other suitable display format of the strut of detection.User Interface can also include bar, angiographic data and other views and feature described herein and draw.

In one embodiment, detection algorithm accurately identifies support with the susceptibility since more than about 80% Position.In one embodiment, detection algorithm accurately identifies the position of support with the susceptibility since more than about 00% Put.In one embodiment, susceptibility is that the strut being properly positioned accounts for strut sum (strut being properly positioned is not plus correct The strut of positioning) ratio.In one embodiment, positive predictive value is that the strut correctly detected accounts for total positives calling The ratio of (strut correctly detected adds false positive).Various features described herein are suitable for and different systems of conduit room System (such as intravascular imaging and pressure-measuring system) is used together.Index described herein and detecting step are cured to diagnosis The raw and doctor of plan stent deployment or the support for assessing deployment provides various advantages.

Partly, the invention provides computer based method, the system in the region for detecting and showing belt supporting frame And equipment.Especially, the present invention can identify first frame and last frame in the region of belt supporting frame.In the present context, a frame Refer to the cross section by OCT image through blood vessel.OCT image frame is iteratively handled to determine that frame and/or frame are adjacent Whether area shows the feature for the expected configuration for meeting scaffold pole, to identify the region of belt supporting frame.Scaffold pole is in OCT image Solid-state structure is revealed as, this can distinguish over soft tissue, such as vascular wall.In addition, the strut of the support suitably expanded generally positions Into adjacent blood vessel wall.Therefore, in the cross section of belt supporting frame vascular wall, multiple scaffold poles can be equal around the girth of vascular wall It is distributed evenly.Therefore, the OCT features for meeting disposed support are showed (for example, multiple supports around the distribution of whole vascular wall Bar) frame be for be designated as comprising support frame candidate.

In OCT image data, due to the haemocyte or the catheter wall that do not clean and caused by artifact can have and support The similar optical characteristics of strut.These imaging artefacts can often be scaffold pole by software understanding.However, ambient noise is usual Regular geometric shapes without support, these supports are made up of strut network.For example, the haemocyte not cleaned can be aggregated In single area, it can be evenly distributed over, and/or vascular wall can not be disposed adjacent to.Challenge is to discriminate between including support The frame of strut is with only including due to false positive caused by artifact and the frame without scaffold pole.

Another challenge is to discriminate between whether there is in OCT image data the region of effective belt supporting frame, if it is, correctly Ground positions the first frame imaging frame and last frame imaging frame for including the support.In one embodiment, it is described herein Method be applied to metallic support and Bioabsorbable support and other non-metal frames.Generally, of the invention one or Multiple embodiments provide for identify the intravascular multiframe retracted and be shown to terminal user associated expression method, The terminal user exactly detection support strut and also exactly identify blood vessel the area or region in the absence of support.

Support detects embodiment

Partly, the invention provides computer based method, the system in the region for detecting and showing belt supporting frame And equipment.Especially, the present invention can identify first frame and last frame in the region of belt supporting frame.In the present context, a frame Refer to the cross section by OCT image through blood vessel.OCT image frame is iteratively handled to determine that frame and/or frame are adjacent Whether area shows the feature for the expected configuration for meeting scaffold pole, to identify the region of belt supporting frame.Scaffold pole is in OCT image Solid-state structure is revealed as, this can distinguish over soft tissue, such as vascular wall.In addition, the strut of the support suitably expanded generally positions Into adjacent blood vessel wall.Therefore, in the cross section of belt supporting frame blood vessel, multiple scaffold poles can be uniform around the girth of vascular wall Ground is distributed.Therefore, the OCT features (for example, multiple struts around the distribution of whole vascular wall) for meeting disposed support are showed Frame be for be designated as comprising support frame candidate.

In OCT image data, due to the haemocyte or the catheter wall that do not clean and caused by artifact can have and support The similar optical characteristics of strut.These imaging artefacts can often be scaffold pole by software understanding.However, ambient noise is usual Regular geometric shapes without support, these supports are made up of strut network.For example, the haemocyte not cleaned can be aggregated In single area, it can be evenly distributed over, and/or vascular wall can not be disposed adjacent to.Challenge is to discriminate between including support The frame of strut is with only including due to false positive caused by artifact and the frame without scaffold pole.

Another challenge is to discriminate between whether there is in OCT image data the region of effective belt supporting frame, if it is, correctly Ground positions the first frame imaging frame and last frame imaging frame for including the support.In one embodiment, it is described herein Method be applied to metallic support and Bioabsorbable support and other non-metal frames.Generally, of the invention one or Multiple embodiments provide for identify the intravascular multiframe retracted and be shown to terminal user associated expression method, The terminal user exactly detection support strut and also exactly identify blood vessel the area or region in the absence of support.

Figure 14 A are that the L mode of the belt supporting frame angiosomes before false positive strut is eliminated is shown or longitudinal direction is shown.Longitudinal direction It is shown as a kind of sectional view.The far left side for the blood vessel that (D) end is drawn in L mode image, and nearly (P) end is on the right side of the blood vessel Side.In L mode image, the region 101 of actual belt supporting frame crosses about 45mm from about 12mm.False positive region 15 is fixed Position is into the region 101 of the belt supporting frame close to reality, from about 45mm to about 52mm in L mode image.False positive region 15 Caused by the ambient noise with the optical characteristics similar with scaffold pole.For example, it is coiled in not cleaning in imaging region Haemocyte is revealed as scaffold pole in OCT image sometimes.

The software program for analyzing these imaging datas generally includes false positive region 15, the region 101 as belt supporting frame A part.Therefore, the software program can determine that the first belt supporting frame frame is about 12mm and last belt supporting frame frame is big About 52mm.False positive region 15 is shown as to the part in the region 101 of belt supporting frame can cause clinician when understanding image Misunderstanding or obscure, this can further result in the intervention (such as can not reposition adherent bad support) or unnecessary of failure Process (for example, reposition properly dispose support).

Figure 14 B are to be shown according to the present invention in L mode of the elimination without the belt supporting frame angiosomes after stent area 15. The present invention does not detect each false positive strut and is to look at being detected distribution and evaluation band of the strut on the longitudinal adjacent area of fixation The position in the region of support.The region 15 of false positive belt supporting frame can be automatically eliminated, realizes the region 101 of actual belt supporting frame Detection.

Figure 15 A are that the outline of an embodiment of stent area detection algorithm is drawn, stent area detection algorithm wound Build on evaluated frame (such as frame k) frame adjacent area.In one embodiment, frame adjacent area can include two consecutive frame k With k+1 (or k and k-1), covered and geometry for analyzing strut angle frame k at.Select frame related to for adjacent area The size and rule of connection can be directed to given application and change.In one embodiment, stent area detection algorithm uses frame K-1, frame k and frame k+1 accumulate strut and determine maximum angle gap and it is later determined that angle coverage metric standard.For phase The given adjacent area created for frame k, it can be aggregated in the frame collection of k either side to create superframe.Given superframe is in frame k On strut and other struts on the frame in adjacent area merge.

In one embodiment, using known technology in OCT image data detection support strut 50, and vascular wall The estimation of barycenter 54 also precalculate and used by algorithm using known method.Dispose if appropriate and expandable stent, Then scaffold pole is generally by the vascular wall 52 at neighbouring luminal border, but this method is equally applicable to stent deployment not suitably Against the frame of luminal border (vascular wall).For giving framing k, we are by its strut with fixing adjacent area (in the present embodiment, Consecutive frame k+1) on detect strut combination.The angle position of each strut is determined using blood vessel barycenter.

Figure 15 B are that the outline of another illustrative embodiments of stent area detection algorithm is drawn, wherein, frame adjacent area is used In create superframe or on frame k for adjacent area center strut merging.As shown in fig. 15b, three phases are used in 3 frame adjacent areas Adjacent frame k-1, k and k+1 come analyze strut angle covering and geometry.Such as in Figure 15 A, using known technology in OCT image Detection support strut 50 in data, and the estimation of the barycenter of vascular wall are also precalculated and made by algorithm using known method With.

To dispose if appropriate and expandable stent, then scaffold pole is generally by the vascular wall 52 at neighbouring luminal border, but It is that this method is equally applicable to stent deployment not suitably against the frame of luminal border (vascular wall).For giving framing k, we will Its strut combines with the strut detected on fixed adjacent area (in the present embodiment, consecutive frame k-1 and k+1).Use blood vessel Barycenter determines the angle position of each strut.

If belonging to the region of belt supporting frame to framing, the frame should be included and approached with the girth around vascular wall 52 The strut of 360 degree of coverings.Once in a while, strut is lost during OCT image process, between this can be revealed as in the covering of inner chamber Gap.Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the support information from multiframe is stacked or combined, and then measures in data splitting Gap between strut.Help to make drawing smooth using the strut detected on adjacent area and use easier threshold transition Method separates in true scaffold region with false positive.Moreover, being revealed as the seal wire of big shade in the picture and collateral presence can The relatively low angle around girth is caused to cover.When the gap between analyzing scaffold pole, it can identify and these can be explained Feature.

Referring again to Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B, by the strut information from frame k and support stacks or group from frame k+1 Close to create multiframe stent data.In multi-frame analysis, the orientation per frame is kept, and intravascular space is surrounded in more frame data Circumferential measurements strut between angular clearances.Then relative between frame k blood vessel centroid calculation adjacent struts most Wide-angle gap θ_max,k。

Figure 15 A show the multi-frame analysis based on two consecutive frames k and k+1.Figure 15 B show to be based on three consecutive frames k-1, k With k+1 multi-frame analysis.Strut of the combination from consecutive frame brings stent area detection method into by frame information is intersected.False positive supports Bar would tend to be randomly distributed on a frame；Therefore, only the frame comprising false positive and multiframe can not possibly be shown around blood vessel The uniform strut covering of girth.Therefore, for effective belt supporting frame frame or the maximum angle gap-ratio of belt supporting frame multiframe for nothing Support frame or maximum angle gap without support multiframe are small, often much smaller.

Although more adjacent areas can be used, the presence of the false positive in more adjacent areas can disturb this method.Cause This, few adjacent area (for example, 2 frames to 3 frames) are preferable.In each embodiment, Algorithm Analysis is from the OCT data retracted All frame and/or frame adjacent areas of support are included with identification, i.e. θ_max,kFall in the desired extent value in the region of belt supporting frame.Use Intersect frame and intersect adjacent area analysis, algorithm determines the first belt supporting frame frame and last belt supporting frame frame in the region of belt supporting frame.Band False positive outside the region of support is revealed, because these false positives are not adjacent with the region of belt supporting frame.

Relatively bracket end can be further eliminated by by the detection length of support compared with known actual bracket length False positive near portion.If the stent length of detection exceedes known brackets length, support is adjusted by using dynamic threshold The size of region or adjustment adjacent area carrys out improved detection algorithm to provide the more preferable estimation of stent area.Same procedure can be employed In the stent length of the detection situation shorter than known length.

Detection algorithm can also be included the support geometry and length of detection and known support geometry and length Spend the verification step to compare.Showing the frame of atypia geometry can be eliminated and/or can not be excellent as false positive First consider, until it is apparent that atypia frame is the part in successive frame region.

Detection algorithm is not limited to analyze multipair frame, but can also analyze from single frame (if the support of imaging includes Mesh network fine and close enough) or from more than two frames (for example, 3,4,5 or more) (if the support of imaging include it is sparse Mesh network) support information.In addition, the frame used in multi-frame analysis need not be adjacent frames, but can be by several frames point Every.In one embodiment, this can be realized using sliding window type algorithm.

The angle coverage metric standard for each multiframe is derived using maximum angle gap, and can be in curve map Upper drafting angle coverage metric Comparison of standards frame number.Figure 16 retracts the angle of the frame position of two supports in data for division OCT The curve map that degree covering is drawn.For frame k angle coverage metric standard Ψ_kLimited by equation below：

Wherein, θ_{max k}For the maximum angle gap measured for frame k.Also calculate for frame k-1 and frame k+1 measurements most Wide-angle gap.For every frame using stent area Evaluation of detection methods, the strut information from consecutive frame is combined.Here it is Say, angle coverage metric standard is on present frame k and is applied to frame k, even if being amounted to for covering and assessing frame adjacent area, one For all frames generation covering result in individual embodiment.As angular clearances size increases, angle coverage metric standard reduces. In a preferred embodiment, the use of angle coverage metric level threshold value is comprising support or not comprising support by frame classification.

The frame of angle coverage metric standard with less than predetermined threshold is classified as no support frame, and with higher than predetermined The frame of the angle coverage metric standard of threshold value is classified as belt supporting frame frame.In a preferred embodiment, angle coverage metric standard Threshold value is for example from about 0.25 to about 0.65.It can automatically configure or angle covering threshold value is dynamically calculated by software, Or angle covering threshold value can be that user for example defines according to the geometry of particular stent.In an embodiment In, the about 0.8 angle coverage metric level threshold value to see for some supports.In one embodiment, less than about The 0.3 angle coverage metric level threshold value to see when frame k is located at outside the region of belt supporting frame.

Figure 16 is that the angle retracted for illustrative OCT covers drawing.Angle coverage metric level threshold value is set as 0.4. For frame 0 to frame 20, angle coverage metric standard is less than 0.4；Therefore, these frames are without support frame by algorithm classification.For frame 0 Angle coverage metric standard to frame 20 is less than 0, and this indicates potential ambient noise.Frame 20 to frame 125 has in 0.7 and 0.9 Between angle coverage metric standard, far above threshold value 0.4.Therefore frame 20 is belt supporting frame frame by algorithm classification to frame 125.Angle Coverage metric standard drops sharply to 0 after frame 125, and keeps below threshold value, and until frame 140, this instruction is in frame 125 and frame Between 140 without stent area.At frame 140, angle coverage metric standard increases to above threshold value 0.4, and from frame 140 to frame 220 are kept above the threshold value.Therefore, frame 140 is classified as the region of belt supporting frame to frame 220.

Figure 17 is the flow chart for showing stent area detection algorithm 201.As will be appreciated, additional step or analysis can be introduced Without departing from basic detection algorithm.Detection algorithm 200 receives the guiding catheter data for retracting the initial analysis of data from OCT and obtaining 211 and/or scaffold pole detection data 212.These input datas are often based on the analysis of OCT scan line or single OCT frames. Step 214, frame and/or scaffold pole detection are eliminated in guiding catheter region using these input datas.The step is optional But be preferably as guiding catheter, which often produces, is misinterpreted as the imaging artefacts of scaffold pole.

Then, in step 216, by combining, the strut data generation from consecutive frame k and k+1 intersects frame or multiframe is believed Breath.Using which, the strut data for the frame close to other frames in adjacent area can be merged, assembled or be combined to hold Row is a kind of to intersect frame checking.In a preferred embodiment, frame k and frame k+1 is tightly adjacent OCT frames.In another embodiment In, the adjacent area of 2n+1 frames can be used, is used frame collection { k-n, k-n+1 ... k-1, k, k+1, k+n-1, k+n }.For n=1, make With frame k-1, frame k and frame k+1.However, as set forth above, it is possible to frame k struts are combined with the data from the frame for being spaced several microns. In addition, as described above, detection algorithm can analyze the support information from single frame.

In step 218, detection algorithm is calculated in more frame data between the continuous strut of the circumference of intravascular space Angular clearances.In step 221, it is determined that the maximum angle gap for giving multiframe.Then maximum angle is used in step 222 Gap calculates for angular clearances module of every frame etc..In step 224, then by the angular clearances module and threshold Value angular clearances module compares.If exceed threshold angle clearence degree for the angular clearances module for giving multiframe Amount standard, then the multiframe is labeled as including in the region of the belt supporting frame of reality.Finally, it is based in step 226, detection algorithm Multi-frame analysis determines which OCT frame corresponds to the region of actual belt supporting frame.Verification step 228 can be performed.This method may be used also With the mark in the region including showing the instruction belt supporting frame on angiosomes.Generally, can show detection and by checking Any one of strut, as described in this article and draw.In addition, in one embodiment, it is labeled as and stent area The adherent bar of alignment, wherein, the adherent bar is unrelated with rotation or is lasting.

Figure 18 A are longitudinal direction display or the L mode for showing the belt supporting frame angiosomes 101 before false positive strut 18 is eliminated The user interface of display represents.Multiple false positive struts are detected as about 20mm and about 34mm.Figure 18 B are to eliminate false sun The L mode of belt supporting frame angiosomes 101 after property strut is shown.As shown in figure 18b, detection algorithm eliminates false positive strut, Cause the more accurate display in the region of actual belt supporting frame.

Using the arrow for showing directionality or lack that arrow is not intended to limit or require information flowing can edge in given figure Direction.For giving connector, the arrow and line of the connection multiple element such as shown in Fig. 1 and Figure 10 A, for example, letter Breath can flow along one or more directions or along only one direction, as suited for given embodiment.Connection can wrap Include various suitable data transfer connections, such as optics connection, wired connection, electrically connected, wireless connection or electrical connection.

In data bit in computer storage according to operation algorithm and symbol represent present detailed description certain A little parts.These arthmetic statements and expression can be used by the technical staff in computer and software association area.At one In embodiment, algorithm herein and is generally conceived to the coherent sequence of operation for causing expected results.Such as method and step institute Perform or otherwise described operation is the operation for the physical manipulation for needing physical quantity herein.Generally but not one Fixed, this tittle is using the electric signal that can be stored, transmitted, be combined, being changed, being compared and is otherwise steered Or magnetic signal.

For realizing interface of the invention, detection and the non-limiting software features and embodiment of further feature

It is described below be intended to provide be adapted for carrying out the device hardware of method of the invention described herein and other The general introduction of functional unit.This description is not intended to limit the suitable environment or scope of the present invention.Similarly, hardware and other operating portions Part can be suitable as the part of devices described above.The present invention can be put into practice using other system configurations, including it is individual People's computer, multicomputer system, based on microprocessor or programmable electronic equipment, network PC, microcomputer, mass computing Machine etc..The present invention can also be put into practice in a distributed computing environment, wherein, using such as in the different compartments of conduit or conduit room Interior remote processing devices by communication network links perform task.

In data bit in computer storage according to operation algorithm and symbol represent present detailed description certain A little parts.These arthmetic statements and expression can be used by the technical staff in computer and software association area.At one In embodiment, algorithm herein and is generally conceived to the coherent sequence of operation for causing expected results.Such as method and step institute Perform or otherwise described operation is the operation for the physical manipulation for needing physical quantity herein.Generally but not one Fixed, this tittle is using the electric signal that can be stored, transmitted, be combined, being changed, being compared and is otherwise steered Or magnetic signal.

Unless otherwise expressly indicated, it is all through specification, utilization such as from discussed below, it is apparent that otherwise to understand Such as " processing " or " calculating " or " search " or " instruction " or " detection " or " measurement " or " calculating " or " comparison " or " generation " or " sense Survey " or " it is determined that " or the discussion of term or boolean's (Boolean) logic such as " display " or other operations that correlation is set etc. refer to It is action and the process of computer system or electronic equipment, the action and process manipulation are as in computer system or electronic equipment Physics (electronics) in register and memory is measured represented data and is converted into such as in electronic memory or register Or other data of the similar expression of physical quantity institute in the storage of other this category information, transmission or display device.

In some embodiments, the invention further relates to apparatuses for performing the operations herein.The device can be special Door constructs for required purpose, or the device can include optionally being activated by the computer program stored in a computer Or the all-purpose computer reconfigured.The each circuit and part of the device can be used for performing some data described herein Collect and change and handle.

Algorithm presented herein and display be not inherently related to any certain computer or other devices.It is various General-purpose system can be used together with according to the program of teaching herein, or it can prove to be conveniently constructed for needed for performing Method and step more specialized apparatus.Structure needed for these various systems will be from middle appearance described below.In addition, The present invention is described without reference to any certain programmed language, and therefore various embodiments can use various programmings Language is realized.In one embodiment, software instruction is arranged to the microprocessor of intravascular imaging/data gathering system Operation on device or ASIC.

Embodiments of the present invention can embody in many different forms, including but not limited to be used for and processor (example Such as microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor or all-purpose computer) computer program logic that is used together, it is used for With PLD (such as field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or its Its PLD) FPGA, discrete parts, integrated circuit (such as the application specific integrated circuit that are used together (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC)) or including any combination of any of above-mentioned item Other means.In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, systematic collection using OCT probes and based on processor or it is used for Some or all processing of generation control signal or the data of initiation user interface instruction are implemented as one group of computer program and referred to Order, this group of computer program instructions be converted into computer can perform form, be stored in such as computer-readable medium and It is performed by a microprocessor under the control of an operating system.

Therefore, inquiry described herein, response, the probe data of transmission, input data and other data and signal The intelligible instruction of processor is converted into, these instructions are suitable for responding user interface selection, control graphic user interface, control System and image signal processing, display cross section information and image from other data-collecting modes, generation and display support and patch Wall bar and other intravascular data, show OCT, angiogram, detect shade, detection peak value and as graphic user interface Other data of a part and further feature as described above and embodiment.Be suitable for being shown as GUI component or control, The data and parameter of other expressions in value or graphic user interface can include but is not limited to adherent bad value, adherent bar, branch Frame strut, missing data expression, bar, shade, angiogram expression, the presentation of three peacekeepings two dimension and view and such as this paper Described in further feature.

Realizing the computer program logic of all or part of function previously described herein can come in a variety of manners Embody, including but not limited to source code form, computer can perform form and various intermediate forms (for example, by assembler, compiling Translate the form of device, linker or locator generation).Source code can be included to make together with various operating systems or operating environment Various programming languages (for example, object code, assembler language or high-level language, such as good fortune pass (Fortran), C, C++, JAVA or HTML) any of realize series of computation machine programmed instruction.Source code can define and using various data Structure and communication information.Source code can be that computer can perform form (such as by interpreter) or source code can be turned Change (such as device, assembler or compiler with the help of an interpreter) and can perform form for computer.

Computer program can in any form (such as source code form, computer can perform form or intermediate form) Permanently or temporarily it is fixed in tangible media, the tangible media such as semiconductor memory apparatus (such as RAM, ROM, PROM, EEPROM or flash memory-programmable RAM), magnetic storage apparatus (such as disk or Fixed disk), optics deposits Store up equipment (such as CD-ROM), PC cards (such as pcmcia card) or other storage devices.Computer program can be in any form It is fixed in signal, computer, the various communication technologys can be sent the signal to using any of various communication technologys Including but not limited to analogue technique, digital technology, optical technology, wireless technology, networking technology and network interconnection technology.Calculate Machine program can be distributed as (such as being packed with shrink film soft with printing or electronics documentation in any form Part) movable storage medium, be pre-loaded with computer system (such as on system ROM or Fixed disk) or be distributed in On network.

Realize the hardware logic of all or part of function previously described herein (including together with PLD The FPGA used) conventional manual method can be used to design, or can electronically be come using various instruments Design, capture, simulation or with file record, various instruments such as CAD (CAD), hardware description language (such as VHDL or AHDL) or PLD programming languages (such as PALASM, ABEL or CUPL).

FPGA permanently or temporarily can be fixed in tangible media, and the tangible media is such as Semiconductor memory apparatus (such as RAM, ROM, PROM, EEPROM or flash memory-programmable RAM), magnetic storage apparatus (such as disk Or Fixed disk), optical storage apparatus (such as CD-ROM) or other storage devices.FPGA can be fixed on letter In number, computer can be sent the signal to using any of various communication technologys, the various communication technologys include but unlimited In analogue technique, digital technology, optical technology, wireless technology (such as bluetooth), networking technology and network interconnection technology.It can compile Journey logic can be distributed as with the removable of printing or electronics documentation (such as the software packed with shrink film) Storage medium, it is pre-loaded with computer system (such as on system ROM or Fixed disk) or from server or electronics notice Plate and be distributed in communication system (such as internet or WWW).

The various examples of suitable processing module are discussed in greater detail below.As used herein, module refers to fitting Together in software, hardware or the firmware for performing specific data processing or data transfer task.Generally, in a preferred embodiment, mould Block is referred to being suitable for receiving, converted, routeing and the software routines of process instruction or various types of data, program or other Memory resident application program, various types of data such as OCT scan data, user interface data, control signal, blood vessel are made Shadow data, user action, frequency, interferometer signal data, detection support, candidate's scaffold pole, FFR data, IVUS data, Shade, pixel, intensity pattern, scoring, projection, collateral data and seal wire data and as described in this article it is interested Other information.

Computer described herein and computer system can include the machine readable media of operative association, such as count Calculation machine computer-readable recording medium, such as be stored in obtain, processing, storage and/or the software application used during transmission data Memory.It is appreciated that this kind of memory relative to the computer that associates in its operation or computer system can be it is internal, It is outside, long-range or local.

Memory can also include being used to store software or any part of other instructions, including but not limited to hard disk, light Dish, floppy disk, DVD (digital versatile disc), CD (CD), memory stick, flash memory, ROM (read-only storage), RAM (deposit by arbitrary access Reservoir), DRAM (dynamic random access memory), PROM (programming ROM), EEPROM (extending erasable PROM) and/or its Its similar computer-readable medium.

Generally, the computer-readable recording medium with embodiments of the present invention associated application described herein can wrap The storage medium of the instruction performed by programmable device can be stored by including.In the applicable case, method described herein Step can be embodied as or perform the instruction to be stored in computer-readable recording medium or storaging medium.According to the present invention's Embodiment, these instruction can be with various programming languages embody software, various programming languages such as C++, C, Java and/ Or it can be applied to create the software-programming languages of the various other types of instruction.

Term " machine readable media " or " computer-readable medium " include to store, encode or carrying for by machine Any medium for performing and causing the machine to perform any of methodology of the present invention or one group of instruction of more persons.Although Machine readable media is shown as Single Medium in the exemplary embodiment, but term " machine readable media " should by regarding Be include storing the Single Medium of one or more groups of instructions or multiple media (such as database, one or more centralizations or point Cloth database and/or associated caching and server).

Storage medium can be non-volatile or including nonvolatile devices.Therefore, non-volatile memory medium or non- Volatile devices can include tangible equipment, it is meant that the equipment has specific physical form, but the equipment can change Become its physical state.Thus, for example, non-volatile refer to all keeps tangible regardless of the state change, equipment.

Aspect, embodiment, feature and the example of the present invention will be considered as illustrative in all respects, and be not intended to limit The system present invention, the scope of the present invention are defined solely by the appended claims.Other embodiments, modification and purposes are for this area Technical staff will be apparent, without departing from claimed the spirit and scope of the present invention.

The use of title and chapters and sections in the application is not intended to the limitation present invention；Each chapters and sections can apply appointing for the present invention Where face, embodiment or feature.

Through the application, constituent be described as having including or comprising specific part in the case of, or in process quilt Be described as having including or comprising detailed process step in the case of, it is contemplated that the constituent of this teaching also substantially includes or wrapped Components listed is included, and the process of this teaching is also substantially included or including listed process steps.

In this application, it is said to be and is included in the list of listed element or part and/or selected from this in element or part In the case of list, it will be appreciated that element or part can be listed any one of element or part and can be selected from by In listed element or part both or more person composition group.In addition, it will be appreciated that constituent described herein, device Or the element and/or feature of method can combine in a variety of ways, without departing from either explicit or implicit herein This teaching spirit and scope.

The use of term " comprising " or " having " be generally to be understood as it is open and unrestricted, unless otherwise clear and definite Statement.

The use of odd number herein includes plural (vice versa), unless otherwise being expressly recited.In addition, singulative " one " and "the" include plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.In addition, the feelings of term " about " are used before numerical value Under condition, this teaching also includes concrete numerical value in itself ± 10%, unless otherwise being expressly recited.

It should be appreciated that the order of step or the order for performing some actions are immaterial, as long as this teaching is kept Operability.Furthermore it is possible to two or more steps or action are carried out simultaneously.

It is every between this series of value or the upper and lower bound of a train value in the case where providing a series of values or a train value Individual median is considered separately and is comprised in the present invention, just as clearly enumerating each value herein.In addition, given model Between the upper and lower bound enclosed and including the upper and lower bound smaller range is considered and is comprised in the present invention.Example The list of property value or scope is not to give up between the upper and lower bound of given range and including the other of the upper and lower bound Value or scope.

It should be appreciated that in order to which the present invention is expressly understood, drawing and description of the invention are simplified to illustrate correlation Element, while eliminate other elements in order to succinct.However, the present invention skilled artisan will realize that, these elements and Other elements are probably desired.However, because this class component is well known in the art and because these elements do not promote The present invention is best understood from, therefore the discussion of this class component is not provided herein.It should be appreciated that accompanying drawing is in order at explanation mesh And presentation, and not as construction drawing.The ordinary skill people of the details of omission and modification or alternative embodiment in this area In the visual field of member.

It is understood that in certain aspects of the invention, single part can be replaced with multiple parts, Yi Jiduo Individual part can be replaced with single part, with the one or more functions for providing element or structure or being given with execution.Remove Except in the case of this kind of replacement will not be operated to put into practice only certain exemplary embodiments of this invention, this kind of replacement is considered as the present invention's In the range of.

The potential and special implementation of the example meant for illustration present invention presented herein.For the skill of this area Art personnel, it is to be understood that these example main purposes are for the purpose of illustrating the invention.There may be described herein These figures or operation modification, without departing from the present invention spirit.For example, in some cases, method and step or operation can To carry out or perform in different order, or it can add, multiple operations are deleted or modified.

In addition, although describe the present invention's for the purpose of illustrating the invention rather than for the limitation purpose of the present invention Particular implementation, but one of ordinary skill in the art be will be understood that, member can be carried out in the principle and scope of the present invention A variety of modifications of part, step, structure and/or partial details, material and arrangement, without departing from as retouched in claim The present invention stated.

Claims are：

Claims (22)

1. a kind of method in the region for detecting the belt supporting frame in blood vessel, methods described comprise the following steps：

The optical coherence tomography data for belt supporting frame blood vessel are received, the optical coherence tomography data include multiple Picture frame；

By in the optical coherence tomography the data storage in the blood vessels storage device of data gathering system；

The multiple picture frame is analyzed to identify scaffold pole based on every frame；

The angle for dividing the scaffold pole of identification is offset to be created on the frame adjacent area of the multiple picture frame between the angle of merging Gap data；And

The maximum angle gap between any two adjacent struts is determined in the frame adjacent area.

2. the method as described in claim 1, in addition to：, will if the maximum angle gap is less than threshold angle gap The frame classification is the frame comprising support.

3. method as claimed in claim 2, in addition to：

Identified by identifying the cluster of the consecutive frame comprising the maximum angle gap for being less than threshold angle gap comprising support Region.

4. the method as described in claim 1, in addition to：Center of mass values is determined for the belt supporting frame blood vessel and is counted for frame k Calculate the maximum angle gap relative to blood vessel barycenter.

5. the method for claim 1, wherein according to formulaUsing for described in framing k most Wide-angle gap θ_max,kCalculate the angular clearances module Ψ for frame k_k。

6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the angular clearances module instruction closer to 1 is described comprising support Frame.

7. the method as described in claim 1, including：Show the mark in the region of the expression belt supporting frame on angiosomes.

8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the mark is the adherent bar of the region alignment of the belt supporting frame, its In, the adherent bar is unrelated with rotation or is lasting.

9. method as claimed in claim 5, including：For frame k and at least one consecutive frame k+1, the angular clearances are calculated Module.

10. method as claimed in claim 6, comprises the following steps：For continuous consecutive frame, the angle is iteratively calculated Gap metric standard.

11. method as claimed in claim 2, including：Repeat one or more of described step step of methods described with Multiple frames in the optical coherence tomography data of sequentially classifying.

12. method as claimed in claim 10, including：If it is more than threshold for the angular clearances module to framing It is worth angular clearances, then multiframe sequentially is categorized as including to the frame of support.

13. method as claimed in claim 12, including：The adjacent frame comprising support is collected as including the first frame and last The region of the belt supporting frame of one frame.

14. method as claimed in claim 13, including：If the frame of neighbouring first frame, which has, is less than the threshold angle The angular clearances module in gap, then terminate the first end in the region of the belt supporting frame.

15. method as claimed in claim 13, including：If the frame of the neighbouring last frame, which has, is less than the threshold angle The angular clearances module in gap is spent, then terminates second end in the region of the belt supporting frame.

16. method as claimed in claim 7, in addition to：The mark for indicating one or more regions is shown in image in the blood vessels Note, wherein, data can not be used to show.

17. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the angle coverage metric standard isForm, its In, θ_max,kMaximum angle gap between adjacent struts.

18. method as claimed in claim 9, in addition to：If it is more than for the angle coverage metric standard to framing Threshold angle gap, then multiframe sequentially is categorized as including to the frame of support.

19. a kind of method in the region of the belt supporting frame in detection band stented vessel, methods described comprise the following steps：

One or more intravascular image data sets of the blood vessel, each intravascular data are stored using intravascular imaging system Collection includes multiple frames；

One or more intravascular image data sets of the blood vessel, each intravascular data are stored using intravascular imaging system Collection includes multiple frames；

Adjacent area is limited, the adjacent area includes frame k and one or more frames near frame k；

The angular clearances for frame k are determined by combining all struts detected on all frames of the adjacent area；And

The angle coverage metric standard Ψ on frame k is generated using the angular clearances of determination_k。

20. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, the angle coverage metric standard isForm, Wherein, θ_max,kMaximum angle gap between adjacent struts.

21. a kind of intravascular imaging system for being used to detect the region of one or more belt supporting frames based on programmable processor Computing device, the computing device based on programmable processor include：

For receiving one or more data access channels of intravascular imaging data；

Processor and associated memory with one or more of data access channel telecommunications, wherein, the processing Device is programmed to：

One or more intravascular image data sets of the blood vessel, each intravascular data are stored using intravascular imaging system Collection includes multiple frames；

Adjacent area is limited, the adjacent area includes frame k and one or more frames near frame k；

The angular clearances for frame k are determined by combining the strut detected on all frames of the adjacent area；

The angle coverage metric standard Ψ on frame k is generated using the angular clearances of determination_k；And

If being more than threshold angle gap for the angle coverage metric standard to framing, multiframe is categorized as comprising branch The frame of frame.

22. method as claimed in claim 21, wherein, the angle coverage metric standard isForm, Wherein, θ_max,kMaximum angle gap between adjacent struts.