CN107845802A - A kind of conducting polymer for lithium battery coats cobalt acid lithium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of conducting polymer for lithium battery coats cobalt acid lithium and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107845802A
CN107845802A CN201711173861.XA CN201711173861A CN107845802A CN 107845802 A CN107845802 A CN 107845802A CN 201711173861 A CN201711173861 A CN 201711173861A CN 107845802 A CN107845802 A CN 107845802A
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conducting polymer
cobalt acid
acid lithium
lithium
preparation
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CN107845802B (en
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简健明
吴建华
范江
马真
史镇洪
万国江
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JIANGMEN KEHENG INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • H01M4/366Composites as layered products
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028Positive electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the preparation method that a kind of conducting polymer for lithium battery coats high voltage type cobalt acid lithium, mainly include the following steps that:(1) high temperature solid state reaction prepares doping cobalt acid lithium;(2) preparation (3) liquid-phase impregnation process cladding processing of conducting polymer dispersion liquid;At least one of wherein described cobalt acid lithium incorporation Al, Mg, Ti, Gr, for the concentration of each doped chemical in 500 5000ppm, the conductive polymer coating is one kind in polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene;Material obtained by this method has sufficiently stable crystal structure, can be in 4.35V 4.60V (vs Li+/ Li) there is good capacity under voltage, while there is good cyclicity, and it is easy to implement industrialized production.

Description

A kind of conducting polymer for lithium battery coats cobalt acid lithium and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to anode material for lithium-ion batteries technical field, more particularly to a kind of conducting polymer for lithium battery Thing cladding cobalt acid lithium and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery long lifespan, pollutes the features such as few, among our life extensively with its memory-less effect Ground application, it is deep into mobile electronic device and hybrid vehicle every field.One of ripe lithium electric material of commercialization at present The features such as cobalt acid lithium is because its compacted density is big, platform voltage height, and capacity is big, is most widely used in 3C digital products Lithium electric material.The theoretical capacity of cobalt acid lithium is up to 274mAh/g, and traditional cobalt acid lithium is in 3.0V-4.2V (vs Li+/ Li) under, hair The capacity waved only has about 158mhA/g.With the increase of electronic equipment performance requirement, requirement to battery capacity also more and more higher, Wish to more play the capacity of cobalt acid lithium.The way of main flow is exactly to improve charging voltage, makes more lithiums embedding de-, but greatly After amount loses Li, crystalline structure can become unstable, and irreversible transition occurs so that cycle life greatly reduces, and in high electricity The side reactions such as pressure material is with that can occur Co dissolvings at electrolyte interface, electrolyte is oxidized, further reduce material lifetime.
In order to solve this problem, presently mainly carried out in terms of improving structural stability and reducing interface side reaction two Design.By the doping of the elements such as magnesium, aluminium, zirconium, titanium, the lifetime stability of cobalt acid lithium, but doped chemical amount at present can be improved Usual larger (27%-35% as described in the A of patent document CN 104538599), due to the doping member without storage lithium activity Element amount is big, often causes more capacitance loss.In terms of interface processing, using metal oxides such as aluminum oxide, magnesia Coated, but this kind of metal conductive oxide is poor, and it is same active without storage lithium, inevitably reduce the appearance of material The performance of amount and multiplying power.
And conducting polymer is the covering material of a kind of excellent performance, its outstanding chemical stability, protection can be played The effect of material interface, its good ductility can slow down the bulk effect in charge and discharge process as buffer matrix, and its is good Good electric conductivity can promote the migration of lithium ion.Domestic also someone is coated using such material to lithium electric material, such as specially The sharp A of document CN 104600314, cladding processing is carried out to nickel ion doped using situ aggregation method, but this kind of method is more complicated, Cost is higher, and industrialization difficulty is big.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of conducting polymer bag for lithium battery Cover cobalt acid lithium and preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
A kind of conducting polymer for lithium battery coats the preparation method of high voltage type cobalt acid lithium, comprises the following steps:
1) using lithium carbonate, cobaltosic oxide as primary raw material, using metal oxide as auxiliary material, mixed in batch mixer equal It is even, then carry out solid phase pyroreaction, after the completion of reaction through pulverizing and sieving processing obtain adulterate cobalt acid lithium;
2) micro/nano level conducting polymer powder is scattered in ethanol, uniform conducting polymer ethanol is made and disperses Liquid;
3) the obtained doping cobalt acid lithium of step 1 is added into conducting polymer alcohol dispersion liquid made from step 2, stirred After reaction, drying, then it is heat-treated, grinding sieving, produces the cobalt acid lithium of conducting polymer cladding.
Preferably, the metal oxide is selected from least one of magnesia, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide.
Preferably, the one kind of the conducting polymer powder in polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, it is in discharge and recharge During rise and improve electric conductivity, reduce side reaction, the sustained release effect such as Volume Changes.
It is further preferred that the particle size range that the conducting polymer powder is is.
Preferably, primary raw material mass ratio Li by elements:Co=1.02-1.09.
Preferably, in the doping cobalt acid lithium, the concentration of each doped chemical is 500-5000ppm.
Preferably, the conducting polymer alcohol dispersion liquid concentration is 0.005-0.05g/ml.
Preferably, in the cobalt acid lithium of conducting polymer cladding, the quality of the conducting polymer is conducting polymer The 1%-8% of the cobalt acid lithium gross mass of thing cladding.
Preferably, the temperature of solid phase pyroreaction is 850-1100 DEG C in step (1), time 6-12h.
Preferably, in step (3), mixing speed is 250~500r/min, mixing time 10-120min.It is preferred that Ground, in step (3), the heat treatment is that 1-4 hours are handled in 100-200 DEG C of baking oven.
A kind of cobalt acid lithium of conducting polymer cladding, is prepared by above-mentioned preparation method.
Preferably, the particle diameter D50 of the cobalt acid lithium of the conducting polymer cladding is 6~21um, specific surface area 0.15m2/ G~0.55m2/ g, tap density >=2.5g/cm3, the charge cutoff voltage of adaptation is 4.35~4.60V (vs Li+/Li)。
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) amount of institute's doped chemical of the present invention is few, on the premise of enhancing structure stability, the gram volume loss of cobalt acid lithium It is few;
(2) clad of the present invention is conducting polymer, and its outstanding chemical stability can play protected material Expect the effect at interface, its good ductility can slow down the bulk effect in charge and discharge process as buffer matrix, and its is good Electric conductivity can promote the migration of lithium ion;
(3) present invention from of both structural stability and interface stability by designing, the final circulation for causing material Life-span significantly improves and possessed higher gram volume;
(4) present invention is coated using liquid phase wet method, and its clad coats evenly, be thinner than mechanical mixture, technique ratio Situ aggregation method is simpler, and cost is low, is easy to implement industrialization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the XRD spectra of the cobalt acid lithium of polyaniline-coated degree 2% prepared by embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is before and after the cobalt acid lithium of polyaniline-coated degree 2% prepared by embodiment 1 is adulterated under 4.55V and before and after cladding Cycle life performance contrasts under 1C electric currents;
Fig. 3 is before and after the cobalt acid lithium of polyaniline-coated degree 2% prepared by embodiment 1 is adulterated under 4.50V and before and after cladding Cycle life performance contrasts under 1C electric currents.
Embodiment
For a further understanding of the present invention, it is more comprehensively careful that the present invention is carried out with preferred embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings Illustrate, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Do not mentionlet alone bright except peculiar, the various reagents used, raw material are the electricity that can directly buy from the market in the present invention Pond level or technical grade commodity.
Embodiment 1
500g cobaltosic oxides, 240g lithium carbonates, 1.5g magnesia, 1g titanium oxide, 2.5g aluminum oxide are sufficiently stirred mixed Close, high temperature solid state reaction 12h is then carried out at 980 DEG C, obtains bulk product, finally obtain powder by pulverizing and sieving processing State adulterates cobalt acid lithium.
2) 5g micro/nano level powdered form polyanilines are taken to be scattered in by being ultrasonically treated in 500mL ethanol, concentration, which is made, is 0.01g/ml homogeneous conductive polymer alcohol dispersion liquid.
3) 250g steps 1 gained cobalt acid lithium is added into above-mentioned 500ml conducting polymers alcohol dispersion liquid, continues fully to stir Mix 25min, gained slurry be placed in baking oven at 60 DEG C and dried, finally in an oven 120 DEG C carry out heat treatment 2 hours, grinding Sieving, it is high voltage type cobalt acid lithium to produce polyaniline-coated degree 2%.
Above-mentioned products obtained therefrom is taken to carry out powder diffraction XRD tests, as a result as shown in Figure 1, it can be seen that not produce new Phase or dephasign, illustrate by the way that after cladding or doping, cobalt acid lithium can retain the crystal structure of its original well.
Comparative example 1
500g cobaltosic oxides, 240g lithium carbonates, 1.5g magnesia, 1g titanium oxide, 2.5g aluminum oxide are sufficiently stirred mixed Close, high temperature solid state reaction 12h is then carried out at 980 DEG C, obtains bulk product, finally obtain powder by pulverizing and sieving processing State adulterates cobalt acid lithium.
Comparative example 2
500g cobaltosic oxides, 240g lithium carbonates are thoroughly mixed, high temperature solid state reaction is then carried out at 980 DEG C 12h, bulk product is obtained, finally obtain the undoped cobalt acid lithium of powdered form by pulverizing and sieving to handle.
The cycle performance of material is tested according to following methods:By the cobalt acid lithium material of gained and conductive agent acetylene black With binding agent PVDF according to 9:0.5:0.5 mass ratio is mixed in NMP in 15ml, is sufficiently stirred to form slurry, then passes through painting Cover machine and be coated in aluminium foil surface, suitable size is cut into after drying, using lithium piece as negative pole, lithium hexafluorophosphate solution is electrolyte, Button cell is assembled into the glove box that argon gas is protected using 2032 type button cell shells, is carried out at 45 DEG C, under 1C electric currents High temperature circulation is tested.
According to above-mentioned method of testing, embodiment 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are carried out in 3.0V-4.55V voltage ranges Test.As a result as shown in Fig. 2 comparative example 2 does not coat sample to undope, in the high temperature circulation of 40 weeks, gram volume retention rate For 18%, being adulterated in comparative example 1 and do not coat sample, gram volume retention rate is 53%, and is mixed with sample in embodiment 1, Gram volume retention rate is 81%.Illustrate that the cycle performance of material is greatly improved, and three exists by doping and cladding The capacity that first lap plays under 1C electric currents is 180-190mAh/g.
Embodiment 2
500g cobaltosic oxides, 250g lithium carbonates, 1.0g magnesia, 1g titanium oxide, 1.5g aluminum oxide are sufficiently stirred mixed Close, high temperature solid state reaction 12h is then carried out at 1020 DEG C, obtains bulk product, finally obtain powder by pulverizing and sieving processing Final states adulterates cobalt acid lithium.
2) 4g micro/nano level powdered form polyanilines are taken to be scattered in by being ultrasonically treated in 500mL ethanol, concentration, which is made, is 0.008g/ml homogeneous conductive polymer alcohol dispersion liquid.
3) 250g steps 1 gained cobalt acid lithium is added into above-mentioned 500ml conducting polymers alcohol dispersion liquid, continues fully to stir Mix 30min, gained slurry be placed in baking oven at 60 DEG C and dried, finally in an oven 120 DEG C carry out heat treatment 2 hours, grinding Sieving, it is high voltage type cobalt acid lithium to produce conducting polymer coverage degree 1.6%.
Comparative example 3
500g cobaltosic oxides, 250g lithium carbonates, 1.0g magnesia, 1g titanium oxide, 1.5g aluminum oxide are sufficiently stirred mixed Close, high temperature solid state reaction 12h is then carried out at 1020 DEG C, obtains bulk product, finally obtain powder by pulverizing and sieving processing Final states adulterates cobalt acid lithium.
Comparative example 4
500g cobaltosic oxides, 250g lithium carbonates are thoroughly mixed, it is anti-that high temperature solid-state is then carried out at 1020 DEG C Answer 12h, obtain bulk product, finally through pulverizing and sieving processing obtain powdered form doping cobalt acid lithium.
According to above-mentioned method of testing, embodiment 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are carried out in 3.0V-4.50V voltage ranges Test.As a result as shown in figure 3, comparative example 4 does not coat sample to undope, in the high temperature circulation of 40 weeks, gram volume retention rate For 49%, comparative example 3 does not coat sample for doping, and gram volume retention rate is 74%, and is mixed with sample in embodiment 1, Gram volume retention rate is 92%.Illustrate to be greatly improved by doping and cladding, the cycle performance of material.And three exists The capacity that first lap plays under 1C electric currents is 180-190mAh/g.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of conducting polymer for lithium battery coats the preparation method of high voltage type cobalt acid lithium, it is characterised in that including Following steps:
1) using lithium carbonate, cobaltosic oxide as primary raw material, using metal oxide as auxiliary material, it is well mixed in batch mixer, so Afterwards carry out solid phase pyroreaction, after the completion of reaction through pulverizing and sieving processing obtain adulterate cobalt acid lithium;
2) conducting polymer powder is scattered in ethanol, uniform conducting polymer alcohol dispersion liquid is made;
3) the obtained doping cobalt acid lithium of step 1 is added into conducting polymer alcohol dispersion liquid made from step 2, stirring reaction Afterwards, dry, be then heat-treated, grinding sieving, produce the cobalt acid lithium that conducting polymer coats.
2. the conducting polymer according to claim 1 for lithium battery coats the preparation method of high voltage type cobalt acid lithium, Characterized in that, the metal oxide is selected from least one of magnesia, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide.
3. the conducting polymer according to claim 1 for lithium battery coats the preparation method of high voltage type cobalt acid lithium, Characterized in that, the one kind of the conducting polymer powder in polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene.
4. the conducting polymer according to claim 1 for lithium battery coats the preparation method of high voltage type cobalt acid lithium, Characterized in that, primary raw material mass ratio Li by elements:Co=1.02-1.09.
5. the conducting polymer according to claim 1 or 2 for lithium battery coats the preparation side of high voltage type cobalt acid lithium Method, it is characterised in that in the doping cobalt acid lithium, the concentration of each doped chemical is 500-5000ppm.
6. the conducting polymer for lithium battery according to claim 1 or 3 coats the preparation side of high voltage type cobalt acid lithium Method, it is characterised in that the conducting polymer alcohol dispersion liquid concentration is 0.005-0.05g/ml.
7. the conducting polymer according to claim 1 for lithium battery coats the preparation method of high voltage type cobalt acid lithium, Characterized in that, in the cobalt acid lithium of conducting polymer cladding, the quality of the conducting polymer is conducting polymer bag The 1%-8% for the cobalt acid lithium gross mass covered.
8. the conducting polymer according to claim 1 for lithium battery coats the preparation method of high voltage type cobalt acid lithium, Characterized in that, in step (3), mixing speed is 250~500r/min, mixing time 10-120min;The heat treatment To handle 1-4 hours in 100-200 DEG C of baking oven.
9. a kind of cobalt acid lithium of conducting polymer cladding, it is characterised in that by any one of claim 1-8 preparation method system It is standby to obtain.
10. the cobalt acid lithium of conducting polymer cladding according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the conducting polymer bag The particle diameter D50 for the cobalt acid lithium covered is 6~21um, specific surface area 0.15m2/ g~0.55m2/ g, tap density >=2.5g/cm3, The charge cutoff voltage of adaptation is 4.35~4.60V (vs Li+/Li)。
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Cited By (7)

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CN109037604A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-12-18 福建翔丰华新能源材料有限公司 A kind of preparation method of polyaniline-coated lithium titanate anode material
CN110391414A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-10-29 重庆市维都利新能源有限公司 A kind of high energy density polymer lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
CN111477856A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-07-31 河北省科学院能源研究所 Nickel-based positive electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN111825124A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-10-27 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing high-voltage anode material by surface modification and regeneration of waste lithium cobaltate material
CN112234203A (en) * 2020-10-15 2021-01-15 光鼎铷业(广州)集团有限公司 Conductive polymer coated rubidium-doped high-nickel ternary lithium battery positive electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN114937766A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-23 济宁学院 Preparation method of transition metal doped poly (m-phenylenediamine) -coated positive electrode material
CN115020672A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-06 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Lithium cobaltate positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109037604A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-12-18 福建翔丰华新能源材料有限公司 A kind of preparation method of polyaniline-coated lithium titanate anode material
CN110391414A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-10-29 重庆市维都利新能源有限公司 A kind of high energy density polymer lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
CN111477856A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-07-31 河北省科学院能源研究所 Nickel-based positive electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN111477856B (en) * 2020-04-26 2023-05-05 河北省科学院能源研究所 Nickel-based positive electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN111825124A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-10-27 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing high-voltage anode material by surface modification and regeneration of waste lithium cobaltate material
CN111825124B (en) * 2020-06-10 2022-02-15 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing high-voltage anode material by surface modification and regeneration of waste lithium cobaltate material
CN112234203A (en) * 2020-10-15 2021-01-15 光鼎铷业(广州)集团有限公司 Conductive polymer coated rubidium-doped high-nickel ternary lithium battery positive electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN114937766A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-23 济宁学院 Preparation method of transition metal doped poly (m-phenylenediamine) -coated positive electrode material
CN114937766B (en) * 2022-05-31 2023-10-31 济宁学院 Preparation method of transition metal doped poly (m-phenylenediamine) coated positive electrode material
CN115020672A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-06 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Lithium cobaltate positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
WO2024000899A1 (en) * 2022-06-30 2024-01-04 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode material, preparation method therefor and use thereof
CN115020672B (en) * 2022-06-30 2024-03-12 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof

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