CN107843465A - A kind of two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler - Google Patents
A kind of two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN107843465A CN107843465A CN201711042082.6A CN201711042082A CN107843465A CN 107843465 A CN107843465 A CN 107843465A CN 201711042082 A CN201711042082 A CN 201711042082A CN 107843465 A CN107843465 A CN 107843465A
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- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- valve
- flue
- cyclone separator
- air
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N1/2211—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with cyclones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
- G01N1/2258—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas in a stack or chimney
Abstract
A kind of two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler, including：Flange, Fly ash sampling rifle, a cyclone separator, an air ejector, secondary cyclone separator and secondary pumping device.The method separated using two-stage, the medium that flying dust is carried when one-level separates is flue gas, the medium that flying dust is carried during the second-order separation is air, the sampling line of one-level separation is in flue, can not directly it be contacted with external environment, the sampling line part of the second-order separation is outside flue, but because the dew-point temperature of air is relatively low, secondary separation sampling line wall temperature can be consistently higher than air dew point temperature, so as to the condensation trouble of vapor in flue gas when thoroughly avoiding Fly ash sampling, fly ash sampling device functional reliability is improved.Simultaneously when carrying out the second-order separation, the method for being isolated Fly ash sampling gun barrel road is employed, the flying dust for avoiding one-level separation is aspirated back again by negative pressure in flue, it is ensured that the realization of two-stage separation method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fly ash sampling field, and in particular to a kind of two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler.
Background technology
Flying dust is the fine particle formed after coal dust burns in boiler furnace, and it enters back-end ductwork with flue gas.Flying dust
The percentage that the quality of middle uncompleted burned carbon accounts for flying dust quality is called unburned carbon in flue dust.Unburned carbon in flue dust is reflection boiler combustion effect
Leading indicator, the economical operation to coal unit has a great influence, therefore thermal power plant needs daily to be sampled flying dust
And chemical examination, operations staff is according to result of laboratory test, by Operation Mode Optimization, by unburned carbon in flue dust norm controlling in certain limit
It is interior.
The daily monitoring mode of common unburned carbon in flue dust has two kinds.One kind is to sample at the scene, and sample then is taken into reality
Test room to go to chemically examine, another kind is unburned carbon in flue dust on-line measurement.Both modes will carry out Fly ash sampling, and Fly ash sampling is universal
Using drawing-in type Fly ash sampling method.Under suction force effect, the flue gas for carrying flying dust enters Fly ash sampling rifle, by whirlwind point
It is separated during from device.Subject matter existing for drawing-in type sampling method is that the vapor in flue gas coagulates in sampling line
Knot.In drawing-in type Fly ash sampling, flue gas flows through sampling line, and sampling line some be mounted in atmospheric environment.
Therefore flue-gas temperature can be reduced gradually, and the vapor in flue gas can be because flue-gas temperature reduces or in the relatively low wall of Contact Temperature
Shi Fasheng condenses, and causes flying dust to deposit, until blocking sampling line.
It is desirable to obtain one kind can effectively avoid the vapour-set coal-fired boiler in thermal power plant cigarette of boiler smoke reclaimed water
Road Fly ash sampling method, the true and reliable test data of unburned carbon in flue dust is obtained, realize effective supervision to unburned carbon in flue dust.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome the shortcomings of above technology, there is provided vapor in a kind of flue gas when avoiding Fly ash sampling
Condensation trouble, improve the two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler of fly ash sampling device functional reliability.
Technical scheme is used by the present invention overcomes its technical problem：
A kind of two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler, including：
The flange being arranged on flue；
Fly ash sampling rifle, its one end are located in flue, and its other end is connected to Fly ash sampling rifle isolating valve after passing through flange；
Cyclone separator, in flange, its inlet end is connected with Fly ash sampling rifle；
Air ejector, on the outside of flange, the exhaust end phase that its bleeding point passes through an exhaust tube and a cyclone separator
Even, its air inlet connection is once connected in pneumatic intake valve, its gas outlet by a muffler with flue, a muffler
It is upper that once return-air pneumatic operated valve is set；
Secondary cyclone separator, on the outside of flange, its inlet end is connected by secondary pumping pipe with flue, a whirlwind point
Ash discharging hole from device is connected with secondary pumping pipe, on the secondary pumping pipe between a cyclone separator and secondary cyclone separator
It is provided with secondary pumping valve B, secondary pumping valve A is provided with the secondary pumping pipe on the outside of a cyclone separator flue；
Secondary pumping device, on the outside of flange, its bleeding point is connected with the exhaust end of secondary cyclone separator, the connection of its air inlet
There is secondary pneumatic intake valve, its gas outlet is connected by secondary muffler with flue.
In order to measure flue gas flow, in addition to a wind measuring device being arranged on an exhaust tube.
In order to measure flue gas flow, in addition to it is arranged at the air inlet of secondary pumping device first and is vented with secondary cyclone separator
Secondary wind measuring device between mouthful.
For the ease of adjusting admission pressure, in addition to it is connected to once the first compression air pressure regulation of pneumatic intake valve
Valve.
For the ease of adjusting admission pressure, in addition to it is connected to the secondary compressed air pressure regulation of secondary pneumatic intake valve
Valve.
For the ease of control, in addition to the secondary return-air pneumatic operated valve being arranged on secondary muffler.
In order to protect Fly ash sampling rifle, in addition to porcelain bushing, the porcelain bushing is set on the outside of Fly ash sampling rifle.
For the ease of storing flying dust sample, the ash discharging hole of above-mentioned secondary cyclone separator, which is connected with, takes ash can.
Also include the instrument container being arranged on flange and the controller being installed on instrument container, the sampling gun isolation
Valve, once pneumatic intake valve, secondary pumping valve A, secondary pumping valve B and secondary pneumatic intake valve are mounted on instrument container,
And control connect with controller respectively.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The method separated using two-stage, the medium that flying dust is carried when one-level separates is flue gas,
The medium that flying dust is carried during the second-order separation is air, and the sampling line of one-level separation, can not be direct with external environment in flue
Contact, the sampling line part of the second-order separation is outside flue, but because the dew-point temperature of air is relatively low, secondary separation sampling line
Wall temperature can be consistently higher than air dew point temperature, so as to the condensation trouble of vapor in flue gas when thoroughly avoiding Fly ash sampling, carry
High fly ash sampling device functional reliability.Simultaneously when carrying out the second-order separation, employ by Fly ash sampling gun barrel road progress every
From method, avoid one-level separation flying dust aspirated back again by negative pressure in flue, it is ensured that the reality of two-stage separation method
It is existing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
In figure, 1. Fly ash sampling rifle, 2. porcelain bushing, the 3. secondary pumping pipe return-air of exhaust tube 6. 1 times of 4. flange 5. 1 times
The controller 9. of 7. mufflers of the pneumatic operated valve 8. once pneumatic instrument of 10. first compression sort of air pressure adjusting valve of intake valve 11.
Wind measuring device 14. secondary compressed air pressure-regulating valve, the 15. 2 pneumatic air inlets of air ejector 13. 1 times of device case No. 12. 1 times
The secondary cyclone separator 19. of 16. secondary pumping device of valve, 17. 2 wind measuring devices 18. takes the secondary pumping valve A of ash can 20.
21. No. 24. cyclone separators 25. 2 of secondary pumping valve B of 22. 2 return-air pneumatic operated valves of Fly ash sampling rifle isolating valve 23.
Secondary muffler.
Embodiment
1 the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
According to Engineering Thermodynamics principle, when the content of unsaturated water steam in the mixed gas containing vapor is constant and warm
When degree gradually reduces, vapor is in isobaric cooling procedure, and when reaching a certain temperature spot, vapor reaches saturation state.Such as
Fruit cools down again, will there is water droplet precipitation.Corresponding saturation temperature is exactly dew-point temperature under a certain steam partial pressure.
For the flue gas generated after coal combustion, mainly comprising gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen, vapor.In flue gas
The source of vapor is mainly including in the vapor and combustion air of protium burning generation in the moisture evaporation in fuel, fuel
The vapor of carrying.By measuring flue gas negative pressure and flue gas reclaimed water vapor volume percentage, the partial pressure of vapor can be obtained, so
Afterwards by vapor table, the saturation temperature of vapor under relevant pressure, i.e., the dew-point temperature of vapor in flue gas can be checked in.Often
Depress in flue gas caused by coal-burning boiler, the partial pressure of vapor is about 0.01~0.015MPa, the dew point temperature of corresponding vapor
Spend for 45~54 DEG C.
For air, mainly comprising gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, vapor.By wet-and-dry bulb hygrometer, dry bulb can be measured
Temperature and relative humidity.Corresponding saturation pressure at a temperature of this can be checked in by vapor table, and then sky can be calculated
The partial pressure of vapor in gas, corresponding saturation temperature under corresponding water vapour pressure then can be checked in by vapor table again, i.e.,
The dew-point temperature of water vapor in air.Actual measurement shows, for Shandong District, the dew-point temperature in summer air at 20~25 DEG C,
The dew-point temperature in winter can be reduced to -10~2 DEG C.
Fly ash sampling device is typically mounted on the back-end ductwork of air preheater outlet, flue-gas temperature typically 120~
150℃.When flue gas is by exposing sampling line in the environment, if tube wall temperature is less than the dew point temperature of vapor in flue gas
Spend, the vapor in flue gas will condense, and the fly ash granule in flue gas, which runs into water droplet, to be deposited, or even block sampling line.
Particularly come temporarily when winter, environment temperature can be reduced to -15 DEG C, and at this moment the sampling line wall temperature of exposure in the environment is difficult to protect
45~54 DEG C are held, vapor will condense in flue gas.
From calculating above, the dew-point temperature of water vapor in air is relatively low, and dew-point temperature is -10 in winter
~2 DEG C.If making into carry flying dust with air, the wall temperature of the sampling line of exposure in the environment, also will not be low even if low again
To -10 DEG C, that is to say, that be easily retained on vapor dew-point temperature, vapor dew is just not present and blocks sampling line
The problem of.
Think deeply more than, a kind of two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler of the invention, including：The method being arranged on flue
Orchid 4；Fly ash sampling rifle 1, its one end are located in flue, and its other end is connected to Fly ash sampling rifle isolating valve 21 after passing through flange 4；
Cyclone separator 24, in flange 4, its inlet end is connected with Fly ash sampling rifle 1；Air ejector 12, positioned at flange 4
Outside, its bleeding point are connected by an exhaust tube 5 with the exhaust end of a cyclone separator 24, and its air inlet connects once
Pneumatic intake valve 9, its gas outlet are connected by a muffler 7 with flue, and once return-air gas is set on a muffler 7
Dynamic valve 6；Secondary cyclone separator 18, positioned at the outside of flange 4, its inlet end is connected by secondary pumping pipe 3 with flue, once
The ash discharging hole of cyclone separator 24 is connected with secondary pumping pipe 3, between a cyclone separator 24 and secondary cyclone separator 18
Secondary pumping pipe 3 on be provided with secondary pumping valve B 23, set on the secondary pumping pipe 3 on the outside of a flue of cyclone separator 24
It is equipped with secondary pumping valve A 20；Secondary pumping device 16, positioned at the outside of flange 4, the row of its bleeding point and secondary cyclone separator 18
Gas end is connected, and its air inlet is connected with secondary pneumatic intake valve 15, and its gas outlet is connected by secondary muffler 25 with flue.
When boiler normal operation, the flue gas in flue carries flying dust and flows through flue.It is first shut off secondary pumping valve A 20
With secondary pumping valve B 23, once pneumatic intake valve 9 is opened, compressed air flows through an air ejector 12, produces very big bear
Pressure, negative pressure is less than the flue gas negative pressure in flue.Under differential pressure effect, the flue gas stream for carrying flying dust enters the suction of Fly ash sampling rifle 1
Gas port, and enter a cyclone separator 24 by the sampling gun pipeline of Fly ash sampling rifle 1.In a cyclone separator 24,
With flying dust there occurs gas solid separation, fly ash granule is got rid of to separator barrel and slid along barrel flue gas under the influence of centrifugal force
To the secondary pumping pipe 3 of a bottom of cyclone separator 24, flue gas then enters an exhaust tube 5, finally enters and is once evacuated
Device 12 mixes with compressed air, is then flow back to flue by a muffler 7.Learnt through experiment, a cyclone separator 24
After continuous work 100s, about 2g fly ash granules are deposited in the secondary pumping pipe 3 of a bottom of cyclone separator 24.Afterwards, one
Secondary pneumatic intake valve 9 is closed, and No. one time cyclone separator 24 is stopped.Simultaneously a return-air pneumatic operated valve 6 and Fly ash sampling rifle every
Closed from valve 21, secondary cyclone separator 18 and the flue gas in flue are completely isolated.
Secondary pumping valve A 20 and secondary pumping valve B 23, secondary pneumatic intake valve 15 is opened, compressed air flows through secondary
Air ejector 16, same to produce very big negative pressure, less than environment atmospheric pressure, under differential pressure effect, the air outside flue flows through two
Secondary extraction valve A 20 and secondary pumping pipe 3 are carrying that cyclone separator 24 separates and that is accumulated in secondary pumping pipe flies
Ash flows through secondary pumping valve B 23 and enters secondary cyclone separator 18.In secondary cyclone separator 18, air occurs with flying dust
Gas solid separation, fly ash granule are got rid of to separator barrel and slid along barrel to secondary cyclone and separated under the influence of centrifugal force
Device bottom ash discharging hole, air mix into secondary pumping device 16 with compressed air, are then flow back to cigarette by secondary muffler 25
Road.Secondary cyclone separator 18 continuously worked after certain time, secondary pneumatic intake valve 15, secondary pumping valve A 20 and secondary took out
Air valve B 23 is closed successively, and fly ash sampling device completes primary sample.Action repeats above, can be separated in secondary cyclone
Enough flying dusts are got in the ash discharging hole of device bottom, carry out the assay of unburned carbon in flue dust.
The method that this two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler uses two-stage separation, the medium that flying dust is carried when one-level separates are
Flue gas, the medium that flying dust is carried during the second-order separation be air, and the sampling line that one-level separates, can not be with external environment in flue
Directly contact, outside flue, but because the dew-point temperature of air is relatively low, secondary separation samples for the sampling line part of the second-order separation
Pipeline wall temperature can be consistently higher than air dew point temperature, so as to which the condensation of vapor in flue gas when thoroughly avoiding Fly ash sampling is asked
Topic, improves fly ash sampling device functional reliability.Simultaneously when carrying out the second-order separation, employ and enter Fly ash sampling gun barrel road
The method of row isolation, the flying dust for avoiding one-level separation are aspirated back again by negative pressure in flue, it is ensured that two-stage separation method
Realization.
Further, in addition to a wind measuring device 13 being arranged on an exhaust tube 5 and it is arranged at secondary pumping
Secondary wind measuring device 17 between the air inlet of device 16 first and the exhaust outlet of secondary cyclone separator 18.The work of wind measuring device 13
With flue gas flow when being measurement first separation.The effect of secondary wind measuring device 17 is measurement secondary separation Airflow amount.
Further, in addition to it is connected to once the first compression sort of air pressure adjusting valve 10 of pneumatic intake valve 9.And even
It is connected to the secondary compressed air pressure-regulating valve 14 of secondary pneumatic intake valve 15.The effect of first compression sort of air pressure adjusting valve 10
It is the admission pressure for adjusting an air ejector 12, the effect of secondary compressed air pressure-regulating valve 14 is regulation secondary pumping device 16
Admission pressure.
Preferably, in addition to the secondary return-air pneumatic operated valve 22 that is arranged on secondary muffler 25.Secondary return-air pneumatic operated valve 22
It can control and open or off secondary muffler 15.Also include porcelain bushing 2, porcelain bushing 2 is set in outside Fly ash sampling rifle 1
Side.The effect of porcelain bushing 2 is to be enclosed on the outside of Fly ash sampling rifle 1 to prevent Fly ash sampling rifle 1 from being worn by sweep of gases.Further carry
The high overall reliability used.The ash discharging hole of secondary cyclone separator 18, which is connected with, takes ash can 19, and taking the effect of ash can 19 is
The taken flying dust sample of storage, improve the convenience of operation.
Preferably, in addition to the instrument container 11 being arranged on flange 4 and the controller 8 being installed on instrument container 11, take
Sample rifle isolating valve 21, once pneumatic intake valve 9, secondary pumping valve A 20, secondary pumping valve B 23 and secondary pneumatic intake valve
15 are mounted on instrument container 11, and control connect with controller 8 respectively.Controller 8 controls sampling gun isolating valve 21, once gas
Dynamic intake valve 9, secondary pumping valve A 20, secondary pumping valve B 23 and secondary pneumatic intake valve 15 automatically turn in sequence or
Close, improve automatic control level.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler, it is characterised in that including：The flange being arranged on flue（4）；Fly ash sampling rifle（1）, its one end is located in flue, and its other end passes through flange（4）After be connected to Fly ash sampling rifle isolation Valve（21）；Cyclone separator（24）, positioned at flange（4）It is interior, its inlet end and Fly ash sampling rifle（1）It is connected；Air ejector（12）, positioned at flange（4）Outside, its bleeding point pass through an exhaust tube（5）With a cyclone separator （24）Exhaust end be connected, its air inlet connection once pneumatic intake valve（9）, its gas outlet passes through a muffler（7）With Flue is connected, a muffler（7）It is upper that once return-air pneumatic operated valve is set（6）；Secondary cyclone separator（18）, positioned at flange（4）Outside, its inlet end pass through secondary pumping pipe（3）It is connected with flue, Cyclone separator（24）Ash discharging hole and secondary pumping pipe（3）It is connected, a cyclone separator（24）With secondary cyclone point From device（18）Between secondary pumping pipe（3）On be provided with secondary pumping valve B（23）, a cyclone separator（24）On the outside of flue Secondary pumping pipe（3）On be provided with secondary pumping valve A（20）；Secondary pumping device（16）, positioned at flange（4）Outside, its bleeding point and secondary cyclone separator（18）Exhaust end be connected, Its air inlet is connected with secondary pneumatic intake valve（15）, its gas outlet passes through secondary muffler（25）It is connected with flue.
- 2. two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include being arranged at once taking out Tracheae（5）On a wind measuring device（13）.
- 3. two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include being arranged at secondary take out Gas device（16）First air inlet and secondary cyclone separator（18）Secondary wind measuring device between exhaust outlet（17）.
- 4. two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include being connected to once gas Dynamic intake valve（9）First compression sort of air pressure adjusting valve（10）.
- 5. two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include being connected to secondary gas Dynamic intake valve（15）Secondary compressed air pressure-regulating valve（14）.
- 6. two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include being arranged at secondary returning Tracheae（25）On secondary return-air pneumatic operated valve（22）.
- 7. two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include porcelain bushing（2）, The porcelain bushing（2）It is set in Fly ash sampling rifle（1）Outside.
- 8. two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The secondary cyclone separator （18）Ash discharging hole be connected with and take ash can（19）.
- 9. two-stage type fume duct fly ash sampler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include being arranged at flange （4）On instrument container（11）And it is installed on instrument container（11）On controller（8）, the sampling gun isolating valve（21）, once Pneumatic intake valve（9）, secondary pumping valve A（20）, secondary pumping valve B（23）And secondary pneumatic intake valve（15）It is mounted on instrument Device case（11）On, and respectively with controller（8）Control connection.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113670676A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-19 | 江苏乐尔环境科技股份有限公司 | Anti-blocking and anti-abrasion automatic fly ash constant-speed sampling device and sampling method thereof |
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