CN107842357B - System and method for testing characteristic curve of artificial lifting centrifugal pump for hydrate exploitation - Google Patents
System and method for testing characteristic curve of artificial lifting centrifugal pump for hydrate exploitation Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/008—Monitoring of down-hole pump systems, e.g. for the detection of "pumped-off" conditions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of marine natural gas hydrate resource development engineering, in particular to a system and a method for testing a characteristic curve of an artificial lifting centrifugal pump for hydrate exploitation. The system can be used for carrying out performance test experiments of the electric submersible centrifugal pump under the condition of a hydrate exploitation shaft, acquiring the relation curves of the lift, efficiency and power of the electric submersible centrifugal pump under the conditions of different sand contents and different gas contents along with the flow, further analyzing the influence of the sand contents and the gas contents on the performance of the electric submersible centrifugal pump, and providing a test means for the selection of the artificial lifting centrifugal pump for the hydrate exploitation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine natural gas hydrate resource development engineering, in particular to a system and a method for testing a characteristic curve of an artificial lifting centrifugal pump for hydrate exploitation.
Background
The natural gas hydrate resource is a potential energy source and has the characteristics of wide distribution range, huge resource quantity and high energy density. The production of hydrates is still in experimental and exploratory stages at present, and has a long distance from commercial production.
The current international hydrate test exploitation shows that the depressurization method is the method with the best exploitation effect. The depressurization method is to extract stratum fluid in an artificial lifting mode to lower reservoir pressure so as to achieve the purpose of decomposing hydrate. Thus, artificial lifting is a very important link in hydrate production by depressurization, and the most common artificial lifting mode is an electric submersible centrifugal pump. In the artificial lifting process by using the electric submersible centrifugal pump, the design of characteristic parameters such as the displacement, the lift, the efficiency and the like of the pump is a key factor for ensuring the artificial lifting efficiency and the service life of the pump. Thus, to achieve efficient production of hydrate resources, reasonable electrical submersible centrifugal pump parameters must be determined.
In order to achieve the purpose of artificial lifting, a test experiment of a characteristic curve of the centrifugal pump is performed, and one of necessary means for solving the design of parameters of the centrifugal pump and the selection of the pump is provided. The pump characteristic is a relationship between centrifugal pump head, power and efficiency and flow. The traditional measuring method of the characteristic curve is to test in a laboratory, collect pump flow, pump inlet pressure, pump outlet pressure, motor power and pump rotation speed, change the flow by adjusting the valve or the frequency of the pump, collect related data and draw the characteristic curve of lift, pump power, pump efficiency and flow. The test medium is pure water, and the characteristic curve obtained by the test is corrected according to the actual working condition. However, the decomposition of hydrates during production produces gas and water, with the production of water and gas accompanied by sand due to poor cementing of the hydrate reservoir. The centrifugal pump lifts a liquid containing gas and sand, and the characteristic curve of the liquid is greatly different from that of pure water. Therefore, the pump characteristic curve obtained by the conventional method cannot be suitable for the model selection and parameter design of the pump during the lifting of the gas, water and sand three-phase fluid in the hydrate exploitation process.
Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of natural gas hydrate resource exploitation, a basis is provided for parameter design and pump type selection of an artificial lifting centrifugal pump for hydrate exploitation, and the invention discloses a test system and a corresponding test method for simulating a characteristic curve of the centrifugal pump in a real well bore and fluid environment for hydrate exploitation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect that the conventional centrifugal pump characteristic curve testing device cannot simulate the gas, water and sand three-phase fluid environment of a shaft in the hydrate exploitation process, the invention provides a testing system which can simulate the real shaft condition and the real fluid environment, and the system can be used for carrying out the performance testing experiment of the electric submersible centrifugal pump under the condition of the hydrate exploitation shaft to obtain the relation curve of the lift, the efficiency and the power of the electric submersible centrifugal pump along with the flow under the conditions of different sand contents and different air contents, so as to analyze the influence of the sand content and the air content on the performance of the electric submersible centrifugal pump, and provide a testing means for the selection of the artificial lifting centrifugal pump for the hydrate exploitation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the system comprises an underground simulation shaft, a water tank, a water-sand mixing box, a sand injection allocation device, a gas-water-sand separator, an air compressor, a centrifugal pump and a data acquisition system; the water tank is connected to the water-sand mixing box through a pipeline, and a pipeline pump and a first flowmeter are arranged on the pipeline between the water tank and the water-sand mixing box; the sand injection allocation device is connected to the water sand mixing box through a pipeline, and a first ball valve is arranged on the pipeline between the sand injection allocation device and the water sand mixing box; the water sand mixing box is led into an underground simulated shaft through a water sand injection oil pipe, and a slurry pump, a second flowmeter and a second ball valve are arranged on the water sand injection oil pipe; the air compressor is led into the underground simulation shaft through an air injection pipeline, and a third flowmeter and a third ball valve are arranged on the air injection pipeline; the bottom of the underground simulation shaft is provided with a centrifugal pump, an outlet of the centrifugal pump is connected to a gas-water-sand separator arranged on the ground through an oil pipe, and a fourth flowmeter is arranged on the oil pipe;
the data acquisition system comprises a PC, a controller, a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge, a power gauge and a rotating speed gauge, wherein the first pressure gauge is arranged at the inlet of the centrifugal pump, the second pressure gauge is arranged at the outlet of the centrifugal pump, and the power gauge and the rotating speed gauge are respectively arranged on a motor of the centrifugal pump; the first pressure gauge, the second pressure gauge, the power gauge and the tachometer are respectively and electrically connected with a controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the PC.
Further, a gas storage tank is arranged at a position, close to the air compressor, on the gas injection pipeline.
Further, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the oil pipe.
Further, the centrifugal pump is disposed in the subsurface simulated wellbore at a position above the water sand injection tubing outlet and the gas injection tubing outlet.
Further, the position of the outlet of the gas injection line is lower than the position of the outlet of the water sand injection oil pipe.
Further, the gas-water-sand separator is connected with the water tank and the sand injection distributor through return pipelines respectively.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing a characteristic curve of an artificial lift centrifugal pump for hydrate exploitation, comprising the following steps:
s1, filling pure water into a water tank, adding quartz sand or sediment into a sand preparation device, starting a pipeline pump and a sand injection allocation device, and injecting water and sand into a water-sand mixing box;
s2, starting a slurry pump, and injecting the water-sand mixed liquid in the water-sand mixing box into an underground simulated shaft;
s3, starting an air compressor, and injecting air into the underground simulation shaft through an air injection pipeline;
s4, starting a centrifugal pump and a gas-water-sand separator on the ground, lifting water-sand mixed liquid in an underground simulation shaft to the ground through the centrifugal pump, separating through the gas-water-sand separator, and returning separated water and sand to a water tank and a sand configurator respectively to enter an experimental process again;
s5, under the condition that the injection flow of gas, water and sand is kept unchanged, the flow of the centrifugal pump is regulated, and the test is carried out again;
s6, adjusting the injection ratio of water and sand, repeating the experimental steps, and testing the characteristic curves of the centrifugal pump under different sand contents.
Further, in the step S5, the flow rate of the centrifugal pump is adjusted to be 50% to 150% of the rated flow rate of the centrifugal pump.
Further, in the step S5, the number of test points is not less than 10 when the test is performed.
According to the characteristic curve testing system for the artificial lifting centrifugal pump for hydrate exploitation, disclosed by the invention, an underground simulated shaft is designed, an oil pipe for the centrifugal pump is lowered into a well, and the environment of the centrifugal pump in a real shaft is simulated; the method comprises the steps of simulating the real fluid state in a hydrate exploitation shaft by injecting water, sand and air into an underground simulation shaft, so as to realize the detection of the working characteristics of a centrifugal pump under the real working condition; the water and sand mixed substances lifted to the ground by the centrifugal pump are separated and then enter the experimental process again, so that self-circulation water and sand supply is realized.
The system establishes an underground simulation shaft, injects a certain amount of sand and gas into the shaft, can simulate the gas, water and sand three-phase mixed fluid state in the shaft in the hydrate exploitation process, further carries out the performance test experiment of the electric submersible centrifugal pump under the condition of the hydrate exploitation shaft, obtains the relation curves of the lift, efficiency and power of the electric submersible centrifugal pump under the condition of different sand contents and different gas contents along with the flow, further analyzes the influence of the sand and the gas on the performance of the electric submersible centrifugal pump, and provides a test means for the selection of the artificial lifting centrifugal pump for the hydrate exploitation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the module connection of the data acquisition system of the present invention;
in the above figures: 1-simulating a wellbore underground; 2-a water tank; 3-tubing pumps; 4-a first flowmeter; 5-sand injection allocation device; 6-a first ball valve; 7-a water sand mixing box; 8-a slurry pump; 9-a second flowmeter; 10-a second ball valve; 11-water sand is injected into the oil pipe; 12-an air compressor; 13-a gas storage tank; 14-a third flowmeter; 15-a third ball valve; 16-gas injection line; 17-a centrifugal pump; 18-oil pipe; 19-a pressure reducing valve; 20-fourth flow meter; 21-a water sand separator; 22-a data acquisition system; 23-PC; 24-a controller; 25-a first pressure gauge; 26-a second pressure gauge; 27-a power meter; 28-tachometer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides a characteristic curve testing system of an artificial lift centrifugal pump for hydrate exploitation, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises an underground simulated shaft 1, a water tank 2, a water-sand mixing tank 7, a sand injection allocation device 5, a gas-water-sand separator 21, a gas storage tank 13, an air compressor 12, a centrifugal pump 17 and a data acquisition system 22.
The water tank 2 is connected to the water-sand mixing box 7 through a pipeline, a pipeline pump 3 and a first flowmeter 4 are arranged on the pipeline between the water tank 2 and the water-sand mixing box 7, wherein the pipeline pump 3 is used for injecting water into the water-sand mixing box 7, and the first flowmeter 4 is used for measuring the injection amount of the water.
The sand dispenser 5 is connected to the water sand mixing box 7 through a pipeline, and a first ball valve 6 is arranged on the pipeline between the sand dispenser 5 and the water sand mixing box 7, wherein the first ball valve 6 is used for adjusting the injection amount of sand.
The water sand mixing box 7 is communicated into the underground simulation shaft 1 through a water sand injection oil pipe 11, a slurry pump 8, a second flowmeter 9 and a second ball valve 10 are arranged on the water sand injection oil pipe 11, wherein the slurry pump 8 is used for injecting a water sand mixture into the underground simulation shaft 1, the second flowmeter 9 is used for measuring the injection amount of the water sand mixture, and the second ball valve 10 is used for adjusting the injection amount of the water sand mixture.
One end of the air storage tank 13 is connected with an air compressor 12, the other end of the air storage tank is led into the underground simulation shaft 1 through an air injection pipeline 16, a third flowmeter 14 and a third ball valve 15 are arranged on the air injection pipeline 16, wherein the air storage tank 13 is arranged to play a role in buffering, the third flowmeter 14 is used for measuring the injection amount of air, and the third ball valve 15 is used for adjusting the injection amount of air.
The bottom of the underground simulated well 1 is provided with a centrifugal pump 17, and in the underground simulated well 1, the outlet of the gas injection pipeline 16 is lower than the outlet of the water sand injection oil pipe 11, so that the mixing effect of gas and liquid can be ensured. The centrifugal pump 17 is arranged at a position higher than the outlet of the water sand injection oil pipe 11 and the outlet of the gas injection pipeline 16, so that the mixed gas-water sand mixture can be fed into the gas-water sand separator 21.
The outlet of the centrifugal pump 17 is connected to a gas-water-sand separator 21 arranged on the ground through an oil pipe 18, and a fourth flowmeter 20 and a pressure reducing valve 19 are arranged on the oil pipe 18, wherein the fourth flowmeter 20 is used for measuring the injection amount of the gas-water-sand mixture, and the pressure reducing valve 19 is arranged for reducing the pressure of the system to below 2.5MPa, so that the normal operation of the water-sand separator 18 and the fourth flowmeter 20 is ensured.
The air-water-sand separator 21 is connected with the water tank 2 and the sand injection distributor 5 through return pipelines respectively. The air separated by the air-water-sand separator 21 is directly discharged to the atmosphere, and the separated water and sand are re-introduced into the water tank 2 and the sand dispenser 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the data acquisition system 22 includes a PC 23, a controller 24, a first pressure gauge 25, a second pressure gauge 26, a power gauge 27, and a tachometer 28, where the first pressure gauge 25 is disposed at an inlet of the centrifugal pump 17, and is used for acquiring pressure at the inlet of the centrifugal pump 17; the two pressure gauges 26 are arranged at the outlet of the centrifugal pump 17 and are used for collecting the pressure at the outlet of the centrifugal pump 17; the power meter 27 and the tachometer 28 are respectively arranged on the motor of the centrifugal pump 17, the power meter 27 is used for collecting the power of the motor of the centrifugal pump, and the tachometer 28 is used for collecting the rotating speed of the motor of the centrifugal pump; the first pressure gauge 25, the second pressure gauge 26, the power gauge 27 and the tachometer 28 are respectively and electrically connected with the controller 24, and the controller 24 is electrically connected with the PC 23.
The test system of the embodiment can realize the measurement of the characteristic curve of the artificial lifting centrifugal pump for the hydrate exploitation, the system establishes an underground simulated shaft, injects a certain amount of sand and gas into the shaft, can simulate the gas, water and sand three-phase mixed fluid state in the shaft in the hydrate exploitation process, further carries out the performance test experiment of the electric submersible centrifugal pump under the condition of the hydrate exploitation shaft, obtains the relation curve of the lift, the efficiency and the power of the electric submersible centrifugal pump along with the flow under the condition of different sand contents and different air contents, further analyzes the influence of the sand and the gas on the performance of the electric submersible centrifugal pump, and provides a test means for the selection of the artificial lifting centrifugal pump for the hydrate exploitation.
Example 2
Corresponding to the apparatus of example 1, example 2 provides a method for testing the characteristic curve of an artificial lift centrifugal pump for hydrate exploitation, comprising the following steps:
s1, filling pure water into a water tank, adding quartz sand or sediment into a sand preparation device, starting a pipeline pump and a sand injection allocation device, and injecting water and sand into a water-sand mixing box;
s2, starting a slurry pump, and injecting the water-sand mixed liquid in the water-sand mixing box into an underground simulated shaft;
s3, starting an air compressor, and injecting air into the underground simulation shaft through an air injection pipeline;
s4, starting a centrifugal pump and a water-sand separator on the ground, lifting water-sand mixed liquid in an underground simulation shaft to the ground through the centrifugal pump, separating through the water-sand separator, and returning separated water and sand to a water tank and a sand configurator respectively to enter an experimental process again;
s5, under the condition that the injection flow of gas, water and sand is kept unchanged, the flow of the centrifugal pump is regulated, and the test is carried out again; in order to ensure the accuracy of the test, the flow range of the centrifugal pump is adjusted to be 50% to 150% of the rated flow of the centrifugal pump, and the number of test points is not less than 10;
s6, adjusting the injection ratio of water and sand, repeating the experimental steps, and testing the characteristic curves of the centrifugal pump under different sand contents.
The test method of the embodiment can realize the measurement of the characteristic curve of the artificial lifting centrifugal pump for the hydrate exploitation, and can simulate the gas, water and sand three-phase mixed fluid state in the shaft in the hydrate exploitation process by injecting a certain amount of sand and gas into the underground simulated shaft, so that the performance test experiment of the electric submersible centrifugal pump is carried out under the condition of the hydrate exploitation shaft, the relation curve of the lift, the efficiency and the power of the electric submersible centrifugal pump with the flow under the conditions of different sand contents and different gas contents is obtained, the influence of the sand content and the gas content on the performance of the electric submersible centrifugal pump is further analyzed, and a test means is provided for the selection of the artificial lifting centrifugal pump for the hydrate exploitation.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. The system for testing the characteristic curve of the artificial lifting centrifugal pump for the hydrate exploitation is characterized by comprising an underground simulated shaft (1), a water tank (2), a water and sand mixing box (7), a sand injection allocation device (5), a gas-water-sand separator (21), an air compressor (12), a centrifugal pump (17) and a data acquisition system (22); the water tank (2) is connected to the water-sand mixing box (7) through a pipeline, and a pipeline pump (3) and a first flowmeter (4) are arranged on the pipeline between the water tank (2) and the water-sand mixing box (7); the sand injection allocation device (5) is connected to the water sand mixing box (7) through a pipeline, and a first ball valve (6) is arranged on the pipeline between the sand injection allocation device (5) and the water sand mixing box (7); the water sand mixing box (7) is led into the underground simulation shaft (1) through a water sand injection oil pipe (11), and a slurry pump (8), a second flowmeter (9) and a second ball valve (10) are arranged on the water sand injection oil pipe (11); the air compressor (12) is led into the underground simulation shaft (1) through an air injection pipeline (16), and a third flowmeter (14) and a third ball valve (15) are arranged on the air injection pipeline (16); the bottom of the underground simulation well bore (1) is provided with a centrifugal pump (17), an outlet of the centrifugal pump (17) is connected to a gas-water-sand separator (21) arranged on the ground through an oil pipe (18), and a fourth flowmeter (20) is arranged on the oil pipe (18);
the data acquisition system (22) comprises a PC (23), a controller (24), a first pressure gauge (25), a second pressure gauge (26), a power gauge (27) and a tachometer (28), wherein the first pressure gauge (25) is arranged at the inlet of the centrifugal pump (17), the second pressure gauge (26) is arranged at the outlet of the centrifugal pump (17), and the power gauge (27) and the tachometer (28) are respectively arranged on a motor of the centrifugal pump (17); the first pressure gauge (25), the second pressure gauge (26), the power gauge (27) and the rotating speed gauge (28) are respectively and electrically connected with the controller (24), and the controller (24) is electrically connected with the PC (23).
2. The system for testing the characteristic curve of the hydrate exploitation artificial lifting centrifugal pump according to claim 1, wherein the system comprises the following components: and a gas storage tank (13) is arranged at a position, close to the air compressor (12), on the gas injection pipeline (16).
3. The system for testing the characteristic curve of the hydrate exploitation artificial lifting centrifugal pump according to claim 1, wherein the system comprises the following components: the oil pipe (18) is provided with a pressure reducing valve (19).
4. The system for testing the characteristic curve of the hydrate exploitation artificial lifting centrifugal pump according to claim 1, wherein the system comprises the following components: the centrifugal pump (17) is arranged in the underground simulated shaft (1) at a position higher than the outlet of the water sand injection oil pipe (11) and the outlet of the gas injection pipeline (16).
5. The system for testing the characteristic curve of the hydrate exploitation artificial lifting centrifugal pump according to claim 1, wherein the system comprises the following components: the outlet of the gas injection pipeline (16) is lower than the outlet of the water sand injection oil pipe (11).
6. The system for testing the characteristic curve of the hydrate exploitation artificial lifting centrifugal pump according to claim 1, wherein the system comprises the following components: the air-water-sand separator (21) is connected with the water tank (2) and the sand injection allocation device (5) through return pipelines respectively.
7. A method of testing a system for testing the characteristics of an artificial lift centrifugal pump for hydrate recovery using the system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, filling pure water into a water tank, adding quartz sand or sediment into a sand injection allocation device, starting a pipeline pump and the sand injection allocation device, and injecting water and sand into a water-sand mixing box;
s2, starting a slurry pump, and injecting the water-sand mixed liquid in the water-sand mixing box into an underground simulated shaft;
s3, starting an air compressor, and injecting air into the underground simulation shaft through an air injection pipeline;
s4, starting a centrifugal pump and a gas-water-sand separator on the ground, lifting water-sand mixed liquid in an underground simulation shaft to the ground through the centrifugal pump, separating through the gas-water-sand separator, and returning separated water and sand to a water tank and a sand injection allocation device respectively to enter an experimental process again;
s5, under the condition that the injection flow of gas, water and sand is kept unchanged, the flow of the centrifugal pump is regulated, and the test is carried out again;
s6, adjusting the injection ratio of water and sand, repeating the experimental steps S1-S5, and testing the characteristic curves of the centrifugal pump under different sand contents.
8. The test method according to claim 7, wherein: in the step S5, the flow rate of the centrifugal pump is adjusted to be 50% to 150% of the rated flow rate of the centrifugal pump.
9. The test method according to claim 8, wherein: in the step S5, the number of test points is not less than 10 when the test is performed.
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| CN112081559A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-15 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Device and method for extracting natural gas hydrate by depressurization and double-pipe injection of modified fluid |
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| CN104453794B (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2017-05-17 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Simulation experiment system for whole process of natural gas hydrate exploitation and simulation method |
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| CN207620783U (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-07-17 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Hydrate exploits artificial lift characteristic curve of centrifugal pump and tests system |
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