CN107841496B - Two-step method for producing biological energy by microalgae - Google Patents
Two-step method for producing biological energy by microalgae Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a microalgae two-step method for producing bioenergy, which relates to the field of bioenergy and comprises the following steps: (1) inoculating microalgae on a culture medium, wherein the culture medium is illuminated for 10-12h every day but should be prevented from direct irradiation of light, and culturing the culture medium in an atmosphere with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen of 10:1 in a magnetic field; (2) collecting microalgae, drying in the sun, grinding into powder, adding hot water and phosphoric acid, stirring, centrifuging, extracting supernatant into a container, adjusting the pH value with a sodium hydroxide solution, adding a mixed solution and an adsorbent, heating, stirring, carrying out suction filtration and liquid separation, extracting a water phase twice with the mixed solution, combining organic phases, drying, and carrying out reduced pressure concentration to obtain the biological energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological energy, in particular to a microalgae two-step method for producing biological energy.
Background
Microalgae are autotrophic plants which are widely distributed on land and sea, rich in nutrition and high in photosynthetic efficiency, and polysaccharides, proteins, pigments and the like generated by cell metabolism, so that the microalgae have good development prospects in the fields of food, medicine, genetic engineering, liquid fuel and the like. Esters and glycerol rich in microalgae are good raw materials for preparing liquid fuels; the biomass fuel prepared by the microalgae has high heat value which is 1.4-2 times of that of wood or crop straws. In the world energy consumption, the biomass energy accounts for 14%, energy compounds such as high-purity ethanol, methanol, butane and the like are produced by utilizing microalgae, and the microalgae is maximally utilized in that stem cells contain more than 70% of microalgae oil, is the best raw material for synthesizing biodiesel by using a subcritical biotechnology, is an ideal renewable energy source, is long in process route and high in cost in the existing process for producing the biological energy source by utilizing the microalgae, and is not suitable for large-scale industrial popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a microalgae two-step method for producing biological energy, which has the advantages of short process route, low cost and suitability for large-scale industrial popularization, and the prepared biological energy is clean and environment-friendly and has high combustion heat value.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a microalgae two-step method for producing biological energy comprises the following steps:
(1) inoculating microalgae to a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of sodium nitrate 200-, the culture medium is irradiated for 10-12h every day but should be prevented from direct irradiation of light, the culture medium is placed in an atmosphere with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen being 10:1 and cultured in a magnetic field, the magnetic field strength is periodically changed, the culture medium is increased to 30A/m from 0A/m at a speed of 2-5A/m/min and then is reduced to 0A/m at the same speed;
(2) collecting microalgae, drying in the sun, grinding into powder, adding 70-80 ℃ hot water and phosphoric acid, stirring for 30-50min, centrifuging for 20-40min, extracting supernatant into a container, adjusting pH to 8 with sodium hydroxide solution, adding a mixed solution of butanone, ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 30:15:1 and an adsorbent, heating to 40-45 ℃, stirring for 20-30min, performing suction filtration and liquid separation, extracting the water phase with the mixed solution at 40-45 ℃ for two times, combining organic phases, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the bioenergy.
Preferably, the microalgae in step (1) is any one of chlorella, chrysophyceae, nannochloropsis and scenedesmus.
Preferably, the illumination intensity in the step (1) is 300-500 Lux.
Preferably, the culture temperature in step (1) is 25-30 ℃.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the hot water to the microalgae powder in the step (2) is 15-20.
Preferably, the concentration of phosphoric acid in step (2) is 60-80%.
Preferably, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in step (2) is 50-60%.
Preferably, the adsorbent in the step (2) is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of zeolite, 10-20 parts of activated clay and 40-50 parts of coconut shell activated carbon.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a microalgae two-step method for producing biological energy, which has the following beneficial effects:
the culture medium can provide necessary nutrient components for the growth of microalgae, is beneficial to the accumulation of microalgae biomass and metabolic substances, increases the content of microalgae grease, carbon dioxide can provide enough raw materials for photosynthesis in the process of culturing the microalgae, the reasonable ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen can improve the accumulation speed of the microalgae biomass, the biomass can be increased by 6 times in one day, and researches show that the constant high-intensity magnetic field can inhibit the growth of the microalgae, the invention finds that the periodically-changed magnetic field has no obvious inhibition on the growth of the microalgae, but improves the content of the microalgae grease in the microalgae by about 3 percent, so the culture medium has great value for a wide bioenergy market, the subsequent microalgae grease extraction method is simple, the mixed solution can completely extract the microalgae grease, the process route is short, the cost is low, and the culture medium is suitable for large-scale industrial popularization, the prepared biological energy is clean and environment-friendly, and has high combustion heat value.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a microalgae two-step method for producing biological energy comprises the following steps:
(1) inoculating chlorella to a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 250 parts of sodium nitrate, 350 parts of urea, 120 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50 parts of magnesium sulfate, 60 parts of calcium chloride, 0.2 part of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 0.2 part of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.05 part of Arabic gum, 0.03 part of algal polysaccharide, 0.03 part of carrageenan, 0.002 part of trace element and 6000 parts of tourmaline activated water, wherein the culture medium is illuminated for 11 hours every day but should avoid direct illumination of light, the illumination intensity is 400Lux, the culture medium is placed in an atmosphere with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen of 10:1 and cultured in a magnetic field, the culture temperature is 27 ℃, the magnetic field intensity is periodically changed, the culture medium is increased to 30A/m from 0A/m at a speed of 3A/m/min and then is reduced to 0A/m at the same speed;
(2) collecting microalgae, drying in the sun, grinding into powder, adding hot water at 75 ℃ and phosphoric acid with the concentration of 70%, wherein the mass ratio of the hot water to the microalgae powder is 16, stirring for 35min, centrifuging for 30min, extracting supernatant into a container, adjusting the pH to 8 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 55%, and adding a mixed solution of butanone, ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 30:15:1 and an adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent consists of the following components in parts by weight: heating 12 parts of zeolite, 15 parts of activated clay and 45 parts of coconut shell activated carbon to 42 ℃, stirring for 25min, performing suction filtration and liquid separation, extracting the water phase twice at 42 ℃ by using the mixed solution, combining organic phases, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the biological energy source.
Example 2:
a microalgae two-step method for producing biological energy comprises the following steps:
(1) inoculating golden algae to a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of sodium nitrate, 300 parts of urea, 100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of magnesium sulfate, 30 parts of calcium chloride, 0.1 part of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 0.1 part of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.02 part of Arabic gum, 0.01 part of algal polysaccharide, 0.01 part of carrageenan, 0.001 part of trace elements and 5000 parts of tourmaline activated water, wherein the culture medium is illuminated for 10 hours every day but should avoid direct illumination, the illumination intensity is 300Lux, the culture medium is placed in an atmosphere with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen of 10:1 and cultured in a magnetic field, the culture temperature is 25 ℃, the magnetic field intensity is periodically changed, the culture medium is increased to 30A/m from 0A/m at a speed of 2A/m/min and then is reduced to 0A/m at the same speed;
(2) collecting microalgae, drying in the sun, grinding into powder, adding 70 ℃ hot water and 60% phosphoric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the hot water to the microalgae powder is 15, stirring for 30min, centrifuging for 20min, extracting supernatant into a container, adjusting the pH to 8 by using 50% sodium hydroxide solution, adding a mixed solution of butanone, ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 30:15:1 and an adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of zeolite, 10 parts of activated clay and 40 parts of coconut shell activated carbon, heating to 40 ℃, stirring for 20min, performing suction filtration and liquid separation, extracting the water phase twice at 40 ℃ by using the mixed solution, combining the organic phases, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the biological energy.
Example 3:
a microalgae two-step method for producing biological energy comprises the following steps:
(1) the nannochloropsis oculata is inoculated to a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of sodium nitrate, 400 parts of urea, 150 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 80 parts of magnesium sulfate, 80 parts of calcium chloride, 0.4 part of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 0.4 part of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.08 part of Arabic gum, 0.05 part of algal polysaccharide, 0.05 part of carrageenan, 0.005 part of trace elements and 8000 parts of tourmaline activated water, wherein the culture medium is illuminated for 12 hours every day but should avoid direct illumination of light, the illumination intensity is 500Lux, the culture medium is placed in an atmosphere with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen of 10:1 and cultured in a magnetic field, the culture temperature is 30 ℃, the magnetic field intensity is periodically changed, the culture medium is increased to 30A/m from 0A/m at a speed of 5A/m/min and then is reduced to 0A/m at the same speed;
(2) collecting microalgae, drying in the sun, grinding into powder, adding 80 ℃ hot water and 80% phosphoric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the hot water to the microalgae powder is 20, stirring for 50min, centrifuging for 40min, extracting supernatant into a container, adjusting the pH to 8 by using 60% sodium hydroxide solution, adding a mixed solution of butanone, ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 30:15:1 and an adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of zeolite, 20 parts of activated clay and 50 parts of coconut shell activated carbon, heating to 45 ℃, stirring for 30min, performing suction filtration and liquid separation, extracting the water phase twice at 45 ℃ by using the mixed solution, combining the organic phases, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the biological energy.
Example 4:
a microalgae two-step method for producing biological energy comprises the following steps:
(1) the scenedesmus is inoculated on a culture medium, and the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of sodium nitrate, 380 parts of urea, 110 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 60 parts of magnesium sulfate, 50 parts of calcium chloride, 0.4 part of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 0.4 part of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.06 part of Arabic gum, 0.05 part of algal polysaccharide, 0.01 part of carrageenan, 0.001 part of trace elements and 6000 parts of tourmaline activated water, wherein the culture medium is illuminated for 10 hours every day but should avoid direct illumination of light, the illumination intensity is 300Lux, the culture medium is placed in an atmosphere with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen of 10:1 and cultured in a magnetic field, the culture temperature is 30 ℃, the magnetic field intensity is periodically changed, the culture medium is increased to 30A/m from 0A/m at a speed of 5A/m/min and then is reduced to 0A/m at the same speed;
(2) collecting microalgae, drying in the sun, grinding into powder, adding hot water at 78 ℃ and phosphoric acid with the concentration of 60%, wherein the mass ratio of the hot water to the microalgae powder is 15, stirring for 45min, centrifuging for 25min, extracting supernatant into a container, adjusting the pH to 8 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 55%, and adding a mixed solution of butanone, ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 30:15:1 and an adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent consists of the following components in parts by weight: heating 12 parts of zeolite, 12 parts of activated clay and 48 parts of coconut shell activated carbon to 42 ℃, stirring for 28min, performing suction filtration and liquid separation, extracting the water phase twice at 42 ℃ by using the mixed solution, combining organic phases, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the biological energy source.
Example 5:
a microalgae two-step method for producing biological energy comprises the following steps:
(1) the nannochloropsis oculata is inoculated to a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of sodium nitrate, 400 parts of urea, 100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of magnesium sulfate, 30 parts of calcium chloride, 0.4 part of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 0.4 part of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.05 part of Arabic gum, 0.05 part of algal polysaccharide, 0.05 part of carrageenan, 0.005 part of trace elements and 8000 parts of tourmaline activated water, wherein the culture medium is illuminated for 10 hours every day but should avoid direct illumination of light, the illumination intensity is 500Lux, the culture medium is placed in an atmosphere with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen of 10:1 and cultured in a magnetic field, the culture temperature is 30 ℃, the magnetic field intensity is periodically changed, the culture medium is increased to 30A/m from 0A/m at a speed of 5A/m/min and then is reduced to 0A/m at the same speed;
(2) collecting microalgae, drying in the sun, grinding into powder, adding 70 ℃ hot water and 60% phosphoric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the hot water to the microalgae powder is 15, stirring for 50min, centrifuging for 35min, extracting supernatant into a container, adjusting the pH to 8 by using 60% sodium hydroxide solution, adding a mixed solution of butanone, ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 30:15:1 and an adsorbent, wherein the adsorbent consists of the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of zeolite, 20 parts of activated clay and 50 parts of coconut shell activated carbon, heating to 45 ℃, stirring for 20min, performing suction filtration and liquid separation, extracting the water phase twice at 40 ℃ by using the mixed solution, combining the organic phases, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the biological energy.
The cetane numbers and calorific values of the bio-energy prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and the common diesel oil are compared as shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
In summary, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the calorific value and the cetane number are both higher than those of common diesel oil.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for producing biological energy by microalgae through a two-step method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) inoculating microalgae to a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of sodium nitrate 200-, the culture medium is irradiated for 10-12h every day but should be prevented from direct irradiation of light, the culture medium is placed in an atmosphere with a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen being 10:1 and cultured in a magnetic field, the magnetic field strength is periodically changed, the culture medium is increased to 30A/m from 0A/m at a speed of 2-5A/m/min and then is reduced to 0A/m at the same speed;
(2) collecting microalgae, drying in the sun, grinding into powder, adding 70-80 ℃ hot water and phosphoric acid, stirring for 30-50min, centrifuging for 20-40min, extracting supernatant into a container, adjusting pH to 8 with sodium hydroxide solution, adding a mixed solution of butanone, ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 30:15:1 and an adsorbent, heating to 40-45 ℃, stirring for 20-30min, performing suction filtration and liquid separation, extracting the water phase with the mixed solution at 40-45 ℃ for two times, combining organic phases, drying, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the bioenergy.
2. The two-step microalgae energy production method according to claim 1, wherein the microalgae in step (1) is any one of chlorella, chrysophyceae, nannochloropsis and scenedesmus.
3. The method for producing bioenergy by two-step microalgae method according to claim 1, wherein the illumination intensity in step (1) is 300-500 Lux.
4. The microalgae two-step process for producing bioenergy according to claim 1, wherein the culture temperature in step (1) is 25-30 ℃.
5. The microalgae two-step method for producing bioenergy according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the hot water to the microalgae powder in step (2) is 15-20.
6. The microalgae two-step method for producing bioenergy according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of phosphoric acid in step (2) is 60-80%.
7. The microalgae two-step process for producing bioenergy according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in step (2) is 50-60%.
8. The microalgae two-step method for producing bioenergy according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent in step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of zeolite, 10-20 parts of activated clay and 40-50 parts of coconut shell activated carbon.
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