CN107839477B - Sliding sleeve type anti-slip driving axle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a sliding sleeve type anti-slip driving axle which comprises a shell, an input gear shaft, a driven gear, a main differential mechanism, a left half shaft, a right half shaft, a left sliding sleeve, a right sliding sleeve and a left half shaft, wherein the right half shaft is coaxially supported in the driving axle shell in a rolling way; the technical core is as follows: the sliding sleeve type locking structure (the structure arranged among the left half shaft gear, the left sliding sleeve, the left half shell of the differential case, the right sliding sleeve and the left half shaft gear) is skillfully arranged in the main differential case on the basis of improving the case of the main differential case, dynamic real-time locking or unlocking of the left half shaft gear and the right half shaft gear and the differential case is realized by utilizing the speed difference, the left driving force and the right driving force can be reasonably and independently distributed, the left wheel slip and the right wheel slip are avoided, and the left differential and the right differential of an automobile are not influenced; the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture and low manufacturing cost.

Description

Sliding sleeve type anti-slip driving axle

Technical Field

The invention relates to a drive axle of an automobile, in particular to a sliding sleeve type anti-slip drive axle.

Background

The existing automobile drive axle mainly comprises a main speed reducer, a differential mechanism, an axle housing and the like, wherein the differential mechanism basically adopts a symmetrical cone planetary gear differential mechanism. The symmetrical bevel gear differential mainly comprises a differential shell, a cross, a planetary gear, a right half-shaft gear and a left half-shaft gear; the automobile drive axle is fixed on the differential shell through the driven gear of the main speed reducer, so that power input is realized, and the differential is used for distributing rotating speed and torsion, so that the torque transmission mode is easy to lose driving force under the conditions of poor road, ice and snow and mud.

The phenomenon of wheel slip can appear in the automobile driving process, and the driving safety and stability are affected. At present, two modes of controlling the slip of the vehicle are electronic control and mechanical locking, and the two modes have certain defects: the electronic control wheel slip capacity can only reach about 30% of the attachment difference between the left wheel and the right wheel, so that the electronic control wheel slip capacity can only be used for small vehicles; the mechanical locking adopts a differential mechanical lock and is generally used for large-sized vehicles such as a truck and the like; when the mechanical lock is used for locking the differential, the driving passing capacity is 100%, but importantly, the locking differential cannot guide, the steering wheel is in failure, the automobile can only run straight, a certain limit condition is provided for the running route, and the maneuverability is poor. The invention patent with publication number of CN101905650A discloses an anti-skid transmission, which is suitable for automobiles with large torsion, has a complex structure and large volume, and is not easy to be applied to small off-road vehicles.

Disclosure of Invention

The sliding sleeve type anti-skid driving axle provided by the invention can reasonably distribute left and right driving forces, does not influence left and right differential speed of an automobile, has small volume and simple structure, and is suitable for being applied to small off-road vehicles.

For this purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: sliding sleeve formula antiskid transaxle, its characterized in that: the driving axle comprises a shell, an input gear shaft, a driven gear, a main differential mechanism, a left half axle, a right half axle, a left sliding sleeve and a right sliding sleeve, wherein the shell is formed by connecting a driving axle shell and an input end shell;

the main differential mechanism comprises a differential mechanism shell, a pin shaft and a planetary gear, wherein the differential mechanism shell consists of a left half shell and a right half shell, the right half shell is in a conventional arc transition shape, the left half shell is in a circular ring plate, the circular ring plate is provided with a central hole, a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the left half shell along the circumferential direction, a fixed pin shaft is radially arranged in the hole of the left half shell, the planetary gear is sleeved on the pin shaft and is positioned in the hole of the left half shell, the planetary gear is in constant mesh with the left half shaft gear and the right half shaft gear, the outer ends of inner holes of the left half shaft gear and the right half shaft gear are provided with inner splines, the outer circle of the left half shaft is in transmission connection with the inner splines of the left half shaft gear, and the outer circle of the right half shaft is in transmission connection with the inner splines of the right half shaft gear;

the inner holes of the left half shaft gear and the left half shaft gear are provided with taper long key grooves, taper short key grooves are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a center hole of the left half shell, the left sliding sleeve is arranged in the taper long key grooves of the left half shaft gear, the right sliding sleeve is arranged in the taper long key grooves of the right half shaft gear, one outward ends of the left sliding sleeve and the right sliding sleeve are provided with long key functional parts, the long key functional parts are connected with the taper long key grooves in a matched mode, the inner ends of the left sliding sleeve and the right sliding sleeve are provided with short key functional parts, the short key functional parts are matched with the taper short key grooves of the left half shell, the length of the taper long key grooves is 2-3 times that of the taper short key grooves, and the left sliding sleeve or the right sliding sleeve is in a state of sliding into or separating from the taper short key grooves of the left half shell in the running process by utilizing the characteristic of speed difference; when the rotation speed of the left half shaft gear is increased to be abnormal, the left sliding sleeve moves to the left half shell center hole due to the action of the speed difference, so that locking is realized, and the left sliding sleeve is restored to normal work; similarly, when the rotation speed of the right half shaft gear is increased to be abnormal, the right sliding sleeve also has the state; when the differential is normal, the left sliding sleeve and the right sliding sleeve return to the original positions under the action of the ground adhesion force, and the left sliding sleeve and the right sliding sleeve are positioned in the taper long key groove of the left half shaft gear and the right half shaft gear.

The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, the sliding sleeve type locking and unlocking structure is skillfully arranged in the main differential mechanism on the basis of improving the shell of the main differential mechanism, dynamic real-time locking or unlocking of the left and right side gears and the differential mechanism shell is realized by utilizing the speed difference, the left and right driving forces can be reasonably and independently distributed, the left and right wheels are prevented from slipping, and the left and right differential speeds of automobiles are not influenced; the invention also has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture and low manufacturing cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural view of a right side gear in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural view of the right sliding sleeve in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-4, the present invention is further described as follows: the sliding sleeve type anti-slip drive axle comprises a shell, an input gear shaft 3, a driven gear 4, a main differential 5, a left half shaft 8, a right half shaft 9, a left sliding sleeve 6 and a right sliding sleeve 7, wherein the shell is formed by connecting a drive axle shell 2 and an input end shell 1, the left half shaft 8 and the right half shaft 9 are coaxially and rollingly supported in the drive axle shell 2, the input gear shaft 3 is rollingly supported in the input end shell 1 along the direction perpendicular to the axes of the left half shaft 8 and the right half shaft 9, the gear part of the input gear shaft 3 is positioned in the drive axle shell 2, the gear part of the input gear shaft 3 is always meshed with the driven gear 4, and the driven gear 4 is fixedly connected with the differential shell of the main differential 5;

the main differential mechanism 5 comprises a differential shell, a pin shaft 5-4 and planetary gears 5-3, wherein the left half-shaft gear 5-5 and the right half-shaft gear 5-6 are formed by a left half-shell 5-1 and a right half-shell 5-2, the right half-shell 5-2 is in a conventional circular arc transition shape, the left half-shell 5-1 is in a circular ring plate, the circular ring plate is provided with a central hole, a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the left half-shell 5-1 along the circumferential direction, a fixed pin shaft 5-4 is radially arranged in the hole of the left half-shell 5-1, the planetary gears 5-3 are sleeved on the pin shaft, the planetary gears 5-3 are positioned in the holes of the left half-shell 5-1, the planetary gears 5-3 are always meshed with the left half-shaft gear 5-5, the inner holes of the left half-shaft gear 5-5 and the right half-shaft gear 5-6 are provided with inner splines, the outer circle of the left half-shaft 8 is in transmission connection with the inner splines of the left half-shaft gear 5-5, and the outer circle of the right half-shaft 9 is in transmission connection with the inner splines of the right half-shaft gear 5-6;

the inner hole of the left half-shaft gear 5-5 and the inner hole of the left half-shaft gear 5-6 are provided with taper long key grooves, two sides of the center hole of the left half-shell 5-1 are symmetrically provided with taper short key grooves, the left sliding sleeve 6 is arranged in the taper long key grooves of the left half-shaft gear 5-5, the right sliding sleeve 7 is arranged in the taper long key grooves of the right half-shaft gear 5-6, the outward end of the left sliding sleeve 6 is provided with a long key function part, the outward end of the right sliding sleeve 7 is provided with a long key function part 7-1, the long key function part of the left sliding sleeve 6 is in structural symmetry with the long key groove of the right sliding sleeve 7, the short key function part of the left sliding sleeve 6 is in structural symmetry with the short key function part of the short key of the right sliding sleeve 7, the length of the long key function part is 2-3 times of the length of the taper short key groove of the left half-shell 5-1, and the left sliding sleeve 6 or the right sliding sleeve 7 is in or out of the taper short key groove of the left half-shell 5-1 in the running process by utilizing the characteristic of speed difference; when the rotating speed of the left half-shaft gear 5-5 is increased to be abnormal, the left sliding sleeve 6 moves into the center hole of the left half-shell 5-1 due to the action of the speed difference, so that locking is realized, and the normal work of the left sliding sleeve is restored; similarly, when the rotation speed of the right side gear is 5-6 to be abnormal, the right sliding sleeve 7 also has the state; when the differential is normal, the left sliding sleeve 6 and the right sliding sleeve 7 return to the original positions under the action of the ground adhesion force, and the left sliding sleeve 6 and the right sliding sleeve 7 are positioned in the taper long key grooves of the left side gear 5-5 and the right side gear 5-6.

The technical core of the invention is as follows: through ingenious setting up sliding sleeve formula lock in main differential mechanism on the basis of improving the casing of main differential mechanism and leave the structure (left side axle gear 5-5, left sliding sleeve 6, the structure that sets up between left half shell 5-1, right sliding sleeve 7, the left side axle gear 5-6 of differential mechanism casing), utilize the speed differential to realize that left and right side axle gear and differential mechanism casing's dynamic real-time locking or throw off, can rationally independently distribute left and right driving force, avoid left and right wheel to skid, do not influence automobile left and right differential.

Claims (1)

1. Sliding sleeve formula antiskid transaxle, its characterized in that: the driving axle comprises a shell, an input gear shaft, a driven gear, a main differential mechanism, a left half axle, a right half axle, a left sliding sleeve and a right sliding sleeve, wherein the shell is formed by connecting a driving axle shell and an input end shell;

the main differential mechanism comprises a differential mechanism shell, a pin shaft and a planetary gear, wherein the differential mechanism shell consists of a left half shell and a right half shell, the right half shell is in a conventional arc transition shape, the left half shell is in a circular ring plate, the circular ring plate is provided with a central hole, a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the left half shell along the circumferential direction, a fixed pin shaft is radially arranged in the hole of the left half shell, the planetary gear is sleeved on the pin shaft and is positioned in the hole of the left half shell, the planetary gear is in constant mesh with the left half shaft gear and the right half shaft gear, the outer ends of inner holes of the left half shaft gear and the right half shaft gear are provided with inner splines, the outer circle of the left half shaft is in transmission connection with the inner splines of the left half shaft gear, and the outer circle of the right half shaft is in transmission connection with the inner splines of the right half shaft gear;

the inner holes of the left half shaft gear and the left half shaft gear are provided with taper long key grooves, taper short key grooves are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a center hole of the left half shell, the left sliding sleeve is arranged in the taper long key grooves of the left half shaft gear, the right sliding sleeve is arranged in the taper long key grooves of the right half shaft gear, one outward ends of the left sliding sleeve and the right sliding sleeve are provided with long key functional parts, the long key functional parts are connected with the taper long key grooves in a matched mode, the inner ends of the left sliding sleeve and the right sliding sleeve are provided with short key functional parts, the short key functional parts are matched with the taper short key grooves of the left half shell, the length of the taper long key grooves is 2-3 times that of the taper short key grooves, and the left sliding sleeve or the right sliding sleeve is in a state of sliding into or separating from the taper short key grooves of the left half shell in the running process by utilizing the characteristic of speed difference; when the rotation speed of the left half shaft gear is increased to be abnormal, the left sliding sleeve moves to the left half shell center hole due to the action of the speed difference, so that locking is realized, and the left sliding sleeve is restored to normal work; similarly, when the rotation speed of the right half shaft gear is increased to be abnormal, the right sliding sleeve also has the state; when the differential is normal, the left sliding sleeve and the right sliding sleeve return to the original positions under the action of the ground adhesion force, and the left sliding sleeve and the right sliding sleeve are positioned in the taper long key groove of the left half shaft gear and the right half shaft gear.