CN107837933B - Nonmetal nepheline wet separation process - Google Patents
Nonmetal nepheline wet separation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107837933B CN107837933B CN201710998123.2A CN201710998123A CN107837933B CN 107837933 B CN107837933 B CN 107837933B CN 201710998123 A CN201710998123 A CN 201710998123A CN 107837933 B CN107837933 B CN 107837933B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-metal nepheline wet separation process which comprises the steps of powder preparation, magnetic separation and classification, post-treatment of black tailing slurry, post-treatment of white tailing slurry and the like. Crushing raw ores to a proper size during powder preparation, and then feeding the crushed raw ores into a mill for wet grinding, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio during grinding is 1: 0.5-1; and deironing the milled product by a permanent magnet machine, and then sending the milled product into a strong magnetic separator for magnetic separation, wherein the product is divided into black tailing pulp and white tailing pulp, and treating the two parts of pulp respectively to finally obtain five products with different types and qualities. The wet separation process can effectively solve the technical problems of serious pollution, single product and overhigh iron content of the product in the mineral separation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mineral processing technology, in particular to a nonmetal nepheline wet separation technology.
Background
At present, nepheline ore dressing does not have mature technology and special equipment at home and abroad. The beneficiation methods are different (dry, wet, dry-wet mixed beneficiation, etc.). The problems of dry beneficiation are mainly as follows:
1. each working section generates a large amount of dust, is not easy to control, affects physical and mental health of workers and causes serious environmental pollution.
2. The over-grinding phenomenon of the grinding machine is serious, the iron content of the ceramic-grade product below minus 325 meshes is high, the ceramic-grade product cannot be utilized, and the resource waste is large.
3. The yield is low, only reaches about 6 percent, the yield is low, and the product is single.
4. The iron content of the product is increased (mechanical iron content) in the dry production process, but the phenomenon does not exist in the wet production process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problems of serious pollution, single product and overhigh iron content of the product in the mineral separation process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the non-metal nepheline wet separation process comprises the following steps:
(1) milling: crushing and screening raw ores to obtain small ores with the granularity of below 20 mm; then conveying the small ores to a mill for wet milling, and passing the milled product through a 16-mesh sieve and then entering a permanent magnet machine for iron removal;
(2) magnetic separation and classification: conveying the product subjected to iron removal to a strong magnetic separator for magnetic separation, wherein the product subjected to magnetic separation is divided into black tailing slurry and white tailing slurry;
(3) black tailing slurry post-treatment: conveying the black tailing slurry to a first concentration tank for concentration, then grading by using a grading machine, dewatering the product with the particle size of 16-200 meshes in a dewatering machine, and then dry-piling to obtain a coarse-grained tailing product; concentrating the residual product by a deep cone thickener and filtering the residual product by a ceramic filter to obtain a fine-grained black tailing product with the grain size of-200 to 325 meshes; the concentrated supernatant and the filtered filtrate enter a clarification tank for clarification;
(4) post-treatment of white tailing slurry: conveying the white tailing slurry to a second concentration tank for concentration, allowing the concentrated supernatant and filtrate obtained after filtering lower-layer products to enter a third concentration tank for concentration continuously, and filtering the lower-layer products in the third concentration tank through a ceramic filter to obtain fine-grained white tailing products with the grain size of-200-325 meshes; conveying the filtered product of the lower layer product in the concentration tank II to a dryer for drying, and grading by a fan to obtain a concentrate product with-16-200 meshes; in the drying and wind power grading processes, products with the particle size of-200-325 meshes enter a dust collector, and fine powder in the dust collector is collected to obtain a fine concentrate powder product.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the step (3) and the step (4) are performed simultaneously.
Further, the preparation method of the small ore in the step (1) comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly crushing raw ores into middlings with the granularity of 30-50 mm by using a jaw crusher, and then crushing the middlings into small ores with the granularity of below 20mm by using a cone crusher.
Further, the specific method for wet grinding comprises the following steps: and (3) conveying the small ores into a grinding machine, and simultaneously injecting water in the reservoir into the grinding machine to ensure that the solid-to-liquid ratio in the grinding machine is as follows: 0.5-1: 1; the screen is installed at the discharge end of the mill, products with the particle size larger than 16 meshes are conveyed to the feed end of the mill through a conveyer belt and enter the mill for regrinding, products with the particle size smaller than 16 meshes are conveyed to a product sedimentation tank through a pipeline, ore pulp in the tank is conveyed to a high-frequency vibrating screen through a pipeline by a slurry pump for product classification, and products with the particle size larger than 16 meshes return to the mill for regrinding.
Further, the times of strong magnetic separation in the step (2) are three times.
Further, after the liquid in the clarification tank is clarified, a part of the liquid is recycled to a reservoir of a mineral separation workshop through a water pump for cyclic utilization, and the residual liquid is discharged to a river.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the raw ore is crushed into small ore with the particle size of less than 20mm, and the small ore is sent into a grinding machine for grinding, so that the processing capacity of the grinding machine can be improved, the excessive grinding is reduced, the product yield is improved, the product sorting rate is improved, the ore grinding cost is reduced, and in addition, no dust is generated in the process, and the influence on the environment is small. The milled product is subjected to iron removal and then sent into a magnetic separator for magnetic separation, so that the magnetic separation frequency can be reduced, the mineral separation procedure is shortened, the energy is saved, the iron content of the product is greatly reduced, and the product quality is improved.
After the product after iron removal is magnetically separated for three times by a magnetic separator, the product is divided into ferrous black tailing pulp and non-ferrous white tailing pulp, and the two parts of the ore pulp are respectively treated differently, so that five products with different qualities and particle sizes can be obtained, tailings generated in the ore dressing process are completely recycled, the tailings are changed into valuables, the income of enterprises is increased, the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved, and mineral resources are saved.
After the black tailing slurry and the white tailing slurry are concentrated and filtered, the tailing water firstly enters a tailing water clarification tank to be clarified, after the liquid in the tank reaches the standard, a part of the liquid returns to a reservoir of a mineral separation workshop to be recycled, and the residual liquid is discharged to a river, so that the water is saved, and the environmental pollution is avoided.
By adopting the wet-method mineral separation process, the pollution of dust to the environment can be greatly reduced, the tailings are completely recycled, the environmental protection and economic benefits are very obvious, and the safety, cleanness and sustainable development of enterprises are ensured.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention.
The invention provides a non-metal nepheline wet separation process. The process first crushes raw ore to small ore of suitable particle size. In the invention, in order to improve the processing capacity of a mill and reduce the excessive grinding, raw ore needs to be crushed into small ore with the particle size of less than 20mm, and the specific mode is as follows: transporting raw ores mined from mines to a raw ore storage yard of a separation field by an automobile, and then loading the raw ores into a raw ore bin by using a forklift; crushing raw ores into middlings with the granularity of less than 30-50 mm for the first time through a jaw crusher, conveying the middlings to a high-frequency vibrating screen for screening through a chain conveyor belt at the discharging end of the crusher, and directly feeding the raw ores with the granularity of less than 20mm into a storage bin for later use through a material groove and the conveyor belt; and (3) conveying the middlings with the particle sizes larger than 20mm to a cone crusher through a conveying belt to perform secondary crushing to obtain middlings with the particle sizes smaller than 20mm, and conveying the middlings to a high-frequency vibrating screen to perform screening again by connecting the conveying belt at the discharge end of the cone crusher, so that the small ores with the particle sizes smaller than 20mm are obtained finally through circulation operation.
After all raw ores are crushed into qualified small ores, the small ores are conveyed to a grinding machine through a conveying belt to be ground into powder. Because the wet grinding process is adopted, liquid is injected into the mill during grinding, and in consideration of the cost problem, tap water, preferably industrial water is adopted, and the volume ratio of the injected water to small ores in the mill is 1: 0.5-0.9. The screen is installed at the discharge end of the mill, products with the particle size larger than 16 meshes are conveyed to the feed end of the mill through a conveyer belt and enter the mill for regrinding, products with the particle size smaller than 16 meshes are conveyed to a product sedimentation tank through a pipeline, ore pulp in the tank is conveyed to a high-frequency vibrating screen through a pipeline by a slurry pump for product classification, and products with the particle size larger than 16 meshes return to the mill for regrinding.
And (3) feeding the product with the particle size smaller than 16 meshes into a permanent magnet machine for deironing, feeding the product after deironing into a strong magnetic separator for magnetic separation, and separating the product after magnetic separation into black tailing pulp and white tailing pulp. Conveying the black tailing slurry to a first concentration tank for concentration, then grading by using a grading machine, dewatering the product with the particle size of 16-200 meshes in a dewatering machine, and then dry-piling to obtain a coarse-grained tailing product; concentrating the residual product by a deep cone thickener and filtering the residual product by a ceramic filter to obtain a fine-grained black tailing product with the grain size of-200 to 325 meshes; the concentrated supernatant and the filtered filtrate enter a clarification tank for clarification; conveying the white tailing slurry to a second concentration tank for concentration, allowing the concentrated supernatant and filtrate obtained after filtering lower-layer products to enter a third concentration tank for concentration continuously, and filtering the lower-layer products in the third concentration tank through a ceramic filter to obtain fine-grained white tailing products with the grain size of-200-325 meshes; conveying the filtered product of the lower layer product in the concentration tank II to a dryer for drying, and grading by a fan to obtain a concentrate product with-16-200 meshes; in the drying and wind power grading processes, products with the particle size of-200-325 meshes enter a dust collector, and fine powder in the dust collector is collected to obtain a fine concentrate powder product.
And conveying the supernatant of the thickener and the tailing water of the ceramic filter to a tailing water clarification tank through pipelines, discharging part of the clarified tailing water to a river, and recycling the other part of the clarified tailing water to a reservoir of a mineral separation workshop through a water pump for recycling.
(1) Examples one to three
Weighing 5 tons of raw ore, and crushing the raw ore into small ore with the particle size of less than 20mm by using a jaw crusher and a cone crusher. Conveying the small ores to a mill by using a conveying belt for milling, injecting industrial water into the mill simultaneously in the milling process, wherein the volume ratio of the injected industrial water to the small ores is 0.5-1: 1, installing a 16-mesh screen at the outlet of the mill, allowing undersize to enter a sedimentation tank for sedimentation, classifying by using a high-frequency vibration screen, returning products with the size of more than 16 meshes to the mill for regrinding, allowing products with the size of less than 16 meshes to enter a permanent magnet machine for deironing, allowing the deironing products to enter a strong magnetic separator for strong magnetic separation for a plurality of times, and dividing the products into black tailing pulp and white tailing pulp. Conveying the black tailing slurry to a first concentration tank for concentration, then grading by using a grading machine, dewatering the product with the particle size of 16-200 meshes in a dewatering machine, and then dry-piling to obtain a coarse-grained tailing product; concentrating the residual product by a deep cone thickener and filtering the residual product by a ceramic filter to obtain a fine-grained black tailing product with the grain size of-200 to 325 meshes; the concentrated supernatant and the filtered filtrate enter a clarification tank for clarification; conveying the white tailing slurry to a second concentration tank for concentration, allowing the concentrated supernatant and filtrate obtained after filtering lower-layer products to enter a third concentration tank for concentration continuously, and filtering the lower-layer products in the third concentration tank through a ceramic filter to obtain ceramic-grade products with the particle size of-200-325 meshes; conveying the filtered product of the lower layer product in the concentration tank II to a dryer for drying, and grading by a fan to obtain a concentrate product with-16-200 meshes; and in the drying and wind power classification processes, products with the particle size of-200-325 meshes enter a dust collector to obtain a dust collector product.
As can be seen from the table above, the yield of the three embodiments is over 90%, compared with the traditional dry milling method, the product types are increased, the yield is greatly improved, the method is environment-friendly, and the economic income of enterprises is greatly increased. The greater the liquid-to-solid ratio at the milling, the lower the yield, since the more liquid, the more product is carried away and the lower the amount of final product; in addition, the more the magnetic separation times are, the less the finally obtained concentrate product is, but the iron content of the concentrate product is reduced, and the product quality is improved; the larger the liquid-solid ratio is, the more environment-friendly is, the better the product quality is, and the higher the economic benefit of an enterprise is, so that the proper liquid-solid ratio and the proper magnetic separation times can be selected, and the environment cannot be greatly influenced while the maximum economic benefit is obtained.
Claims (5)
1. A non-metal nepheline wet separation process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) milling: crushing and screening raw ores to obtain small ores with the granularity of below 20 mm; conveying the small ores to a mill for wet milling, wherein the wet milling is specifically carried out by conveying the small ores into the mill and simultaneously injecting water in a reservoir into the mill so that the solid-to-liquid ratio in the mill is 0.5-1: 1; a 16-mesh screen is arranged at the discharge end of the mill, products with the particle size larger than 16 meshes are conveyed to the feed end of the mill through a conveyer belt and enter the mill for regrinding, products with the particle size smaller than 16 meshes are conveyed to a product sedimentation tank through a pipeline, ore pulp in the tank is conveyed to a high-frequency vibrating screen through a pipeline by a slurry pump for product classification, and products with the particle size larger than 16 meshes return to the mill for regrinding; the milled product enters a permanent magnet machine for iron removal;
(2) magnetic separation and classification: conveying the product subjected to iron removal to a strong magnetic separator for magnetic separation, wherein the product subjected to magnetic separation is divided into black tailing slurry and white tailing slurry;
(3) black tailing slurry post-treatment: conveying the black tailing slurry to a first concentration tank for concentration, then grading by using a grading machine, dewatering the product with the particle size of 16-200 meshes in a dewatering machine, and then dry-piling to obtain a coarse-grained tailing product; concentrating the residual product by a deep cone thickener and filtering the residual product by a ceramic filter to obtain a fine-grained black tailing product with the grain size of-200 to 325 meshes; the concentrated supernatant and the filtered filtrate enter a clarification tank for clarification;
(4) post-treatment of white tailing slurry: conveying the white tailing slurry to a second concentration tank for concentration, allowing the concentrated supernatant and filtrate obtained after filtering lower-layer products to enter a third concentration tank for continuous concentration, and filtering the lower-layer products in the third concentration tank through a ceramic filter to obtain fine-grained white tailing products with the grain size of-200-325 meshes; conveying the filtered product of the lower layer product in the concentration tank II to a dryer for drying, and grading by a fan to obtain a concentrate product with-16-200 meshes; in the drying and wind power grading processes, products with the particle size of-200-325 meshes enter a dust collector, and fine powder in the dust collector is collected to obtain a fine concentrate powder product.
2. The non-metallic nepheline wet sorting process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) simultaneously performing the step (3) and the step (4).
3. The non-metallic nepheline wet separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation method of the small ore in the step (1) comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly crushing raw ores into middlings with the granularity of 30-50 mm by using a jaw crusher, and then crushing the middlings into small ores with the granularity of below 20mm by using a cone crusher.
4. The non-metallic nepheline wet sorting process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the times of strong magnetic separation in the step (2) are three times.
5. The non-metallic nepheline wet sorting process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: after the liquid in the clarification tank is clarified, one part of the liquid is recycled to a reservoir of a mineral separation workshop through a water pump for cyclic utilization, and the residual liquid is discharged to a river.
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| US7757976B2 (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2010-07-20 | Unimin Corporation | Method of processing nepheline syenite powder to produce an ultra-fine grain size product |
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