CN107833755A - A kind of high-performance SiC@Fe2O3Hybrid supercapacitor negative material - Google Patents

A kind of high-performance SiC@Fe2O3Hybrid supercapacitor negative material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107833755A
CN107833755A CN201710751296.4A CN201710751296A CN107833755A CN 107833755 A CN107833755 A CN 107833755A CN 201710751296 A CN201710751296 A CN 201710751296A CN 107833755 A CN107833755 A CN 107833755A
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China
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sic
negative material
specific capacitance
nano
nanoneedle
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CN201710751296.4A
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李镇江
赵健
孟阿兰
张猛
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • H01G11/46Metal oxides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/24Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22Electrodes
    • H01G11/30Electrodes characterised by their material
    • H01G11/32Carbon-based
    • H01G11/36Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is prepared for SiC@Fe using hydro-thermal method2O3Composite nano materials, kernel are SiC nanowire, and they are entangled to each other, constitute a kind of special network structure, and shell is by Fe2O3The array that nanoneedle is formed, Fe2O3A diameter of 50 80nm of nanoneedle, length are 200 300nm, and nano needle arrays proper alignment, are uniformly dispersed, and the free space of abundance is formd between adjacent nano pin;SiC@Fe produced by the present invention2O3Composite has excellent chemical property, and its biggest quality specific capacitance value is 721F g‑1, and after 3000 circle circulations, its specific capacitance remains to keep the 90.7% of former specific capacitance, and this provides high-quality candidate's negative material to construct high-performance super capacitor of new generation.

Description

A kind of high-performance SiC@Fe2O3Hybrid supercapacitor negative material
Technical field
The present invention relates to new energy field of storage, and in particular to a kind of high-performance SiC@Fe2O3Hybrid supercapacitor negative pole Material.
Technical background
Ultracapacitor is a kind of new type of energy storage device developed in recent years, has power density height, charging rate Hurry up, service life cycle is long, operating temperature range is wide, the advantages that having a safety feature and be environmentally friendly, in new-energy automobile, miniature communication The fields such as equipment, heavy-duty machinery, Aero-Space have broad application prospects (Chinese invention patent, application number 201310326357.4;Chinese invention patent, application number 201610024861.2).However, ultracapacitor positive and negative electrode is not Matching often lead to ultracapacitor specific energy density reduce, especially in recent years, carbon material (such as activated carbon, CNT and Graphene) it is often used as super capacitor anode material (Journal of Power Sources, 2015,283,270-278; NPG Asia Materials, 2015,7, e165), because its theoretical specific capacitance is relatively low, this problem more highlights, seriously Its industrialized production process is constrained, therefore, designs and constructs a kind of new and and just have the negative pole of matched well Material is of great significance to the specific energy density tool for improving ultracapacitor.At present, researcher attempts to use V2O5, MoO3, Fe2O3And Bi2O3Traditional carbon material is replaced to improve its specific capacitance, wherein Fe Deng transition metal oxide2O3Most by people Pay close attention to, this is mainly due to Fe2O3With higher theoretical specific capacitance, excellent redox characteristic and electro-chemical activity, and And abundant raw material, environment-friendly and advantage (J.Mater.Chem.A, the 2016,4,12289-12295 such as cheap; Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,306,193-203).However, as other transition metal oxides, Fe2O3The shortcomings that electric conductivity and cyclical stability difference be present, and reunite (Chinese invention patent, Shen easily occur on substrate Please numbers 201110150179.5;Chinese invention patent, application number 201610024861.2), this will make the ratio surface of active material Reduce, so as to cause the specific capacitance actually obtained to be far below its theoretical value.In order to overcome above mentioned problem, researcher often utilizes The carbon material that electric conductivity is preferable and specific surface area is larger, inorganic semiconductor or conducting polymer are as skeleton and Fe2O3Answered Close, effectively improve active material reunite and the defects of capacitance characteristic difference (J.Mater.Chem.A, 2016,4,9977- 9985;ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 2015,7,27518-27525).Although the above-mentioned combination electrode material prepared Material has preferable chemical property, but still can not meet Novel super capacitor in charge and discharge process to high specific capacitance and again The demand of rate characteristic, therefore, it is imperative to develop a kind of preferably framework material.It is well known that SiC nanowire is not only with good Good mechanical performance and physical and chemical stability, big major diameter when specific surface area, excellent electric conductivity with it is anticorrosive anti-oxidant Characteristic, and they are entangled to each other, may be constructed a kind of special network structure.Therefore, the network structure that SiC nanowire is formed Not only make active material dispersed, and a variety of transmission channels are provided for electronics conduction in charge and discharge process, can also solve Certainly active material because volumetric expansion/diminution and caused by electrode structure cave in, this makes them turn into the super of great competitiveness The framework material of capacitor composite electrode;In addition, SiC nanowire electrode material can also show high area specific capacitance, long-term Cyclical stability and excellent electrochemically resistant etching characteristic and excellent pliability (Gu, et al.Performance characteristics of supercapacitor electrodes made of silicon carbide nanowires grown on carbon fabric.Journal of Power Sources 2013,243,648- 653.Alper,et al.Silicon carbide nanowires as highly robust electrodes for microsupercapacitors.Journal of Power Sources 2013,230,298-302).Therefore, when SiC receives Rice noodles are as skeleton and nanometer Fe2O3Compound tense is carried out, the capacitance characteristic of this composite negative pole material can be substantially improved.Do not have still at present It is related to Fe2O3The report of nano needle arrays coated Si/C nano wire hybrid supercapacitor negative material.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome single-activity material to reunite, capacitance characteristic is poor and framework material is easy to corrosion etc. Shortcoming, using a kind of hydro-thermal method simple to operate, prepare with better quality specific capacitance and high rate performance and long-term circulation Stability Fe2O3Nano needle arrays coated Si/C nano wire hybrid supercapacitor negative material, its specific preparation process include:It is first It is secondary, using SiC nanowire as framework material, Fe is deposited on its surface using hydro-thermal method2O3Presoma, then obtained by calcination processing To SiC@Fe2O3Hybrid supercapacitor negative material.
The composite negative pole material that this method is prepared shows excellent chemical property, when current density is 2Ag-1When, Quality is 721F g than capacitance-1, when current density increases to 12Ag-1When, quality is 366F g than capacitance-1;And pass through After 3000 circle circulations, its specific capacitance remains to keep the 90.7% of former specific capacitance, and this is SiC nanowire base functional nanocomposite Theoretical and experiment basis have been established in application in high-performance super capacitor of new generation.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is SiC nanowire and SiC@Fe2O3The SEM photograph of nano composite material.
Fig. 2 is SiC@Fe2O3The XRD spectrum of nano composite material.
Fig. 3 is SiC@Fe2O3The CV curves of nano composite material.
Fig. 4 is SiC@Fe2O3The constant current charge-discharge curve of nano composite material and quality specific capacitance with current density change Change curve.
Fig. 5 is SiC@Fe2O3The EIS curves of nano composite material.
Fig. 6 is SiC@Fe2O3The cyclical stability of nano composite material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation of SiC nanowire
Respectively using mol ratio as 1:1.5 Si powder and graphite powder mixed powder be raw material, carbon cloth and nickel nitrate be substrate with Catalyst, SiC nanowire is prepared on carbon cloth using chemical gas-phase reaction method.Concretely comprise the following steps:First, carbon cloth is immersed into nitric acid 10min in nickel alcohol mixed solution, is then dried in atmosphere;Again by Si- graphite powders mixed powder and carbon with catalyst Cloth is sequentially placed into graphite reative cell, and is placed on the good vacuum lid of vacuum drying oven interior sealing, is switched on power and circulation, Subsequent start-up vacuum system, after vacuumizing 30min, close valve and stop vacuumizing, high-purity Ar is then passed through into vacuum drying oven extremely Close to normal pressure, close Ar valves and vacuumize again, stop to vacuumize after 30min and fill Ar to close to normal pressure, repeat operation 2-3 It is secondary to exclude furnace air as far as possible;Then make vacuum drying oven with 350-400 DEG C of h-1Heating rate rise to 1250 DEG C simultaneously from room temperature 13-16min is incubated, finally closing power supply makes vacuum drying oven naturally cool to room temperature.SiC nanowire SEM characterization results are shown in Fig. 1 a.
SiC@Fe2O3The preparation of nano composite material
First, 75ml distilled water is measured, and 0.08M and 0.06M Fe (NO are distinguished as solvent compound concentration3)3· 6H2O and Na2SO4Mixed solution, itself and deposition are then had into carbon cloth (1 × 1cm of SiC nanowire2) to be together put into high pressure anti- To answer in kettle, after sealing, 8h is incubated at 120 DEG C, question response kettle takes out after being cooled to room temperature, after distilled water flushing 2~3 times, Spontaneously dry in atmosphere, then dried sample is inserted in Muffle furnace, 450 DEG C are heated to 2 DEG C/min heating rate Afterwards, 2h is incubated, room temperature is naturally cooled to, obtains SiC@Fe2O3Nano composite material.SiC@Fe2O3The SEM of nano composite material, XRD characterization results are shown in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 2 respectively.
SiC@Fe2O3The electrochemical property test of nano composite material
With SiC@Fe2O3Nanometer combined electrode material is working electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is reference electrode, platinum electrode To form three-electrode system to electrode, in 2molL-1KOH solution in, it is 10~50mV s to control sweep speed-1, measure Cyclic voltammetry curve, see Fig. 3, from figure 3, it can be seen that redox reaction during discharge and recharge be present in the electrode, and And without now obvious electrode polarization phenomenon;Control electric current density is 2Ag-1~12Ag-1, constant current charge-discharge curve is determined, sees figure 4, figure 4, it is seen that when current density is 2Ag-1When, quality is 721F g than capacitance-1, when current density increases to 12Ag-1When, quality is 366F g than capacitance-1;0.01~100000Hz of frequency range is controlled, ac impedance spectroscopy is determined, sees figure 5, from figure 5 it can be seen that the electrode material has less internal resistance and charge transfer resistance;Control electric current density is 12Ag-1, cyclical stability is determined, sees Fig. 6, from fig. 6 it can be seen that after the circle of circulation 3000, remains to keep original specific capacitance 90.7%, this illustrates that this electrode material has excellent cyclical stability.

Claims (3)

  1. A kind of 1. high-performance SiC@Fe2O3Hybrid supercapacitor negative material, it is characterised in that:The combination electrode material Kernel is SiC nanowire, and shell is the Fe of proper alignment2O3Nano needle arrays, specific preparation process include:First, received with SiC Rice noodles are framework material, and Fe is deposited on its surface using hydro-thermal method2O3Presoma, then obtain SiC@Fe by calcination processing2O3 Hybrid supercapacitor negative material.
  2. A kind of 2. high-performance SiC@Fe according to claim 12O3Hybrid supercapacitor negative material, it is characterised in that: Kernel is SiC nanowire, and they are entangled to each other, constitutes a kind of special network structure;Shell is by Fe2O3Nanoneedle is formed Array, Fe2O3A diameter of 50-80nm of nanoneedle, length 200-300nm, and it is nano needle arrays proper alignment, scattered Uniformly, the free space of abundance is formd between adjacent nano pin.
  3. A kind of 3. high-performance SiC@Fe according to claim 12O3Hybrid supercapacitor negative material, it is characterised in that: The combination electrode material shows excellent chemical property, when current density is 2Ag-1When, quality is than capacitance 721Fg-1;And after 3000 circle circulations, its specific capacitance remains to keep the 90.7% of former specific capacitance.
CN201710751296.4A 2017-08-28 2017-08-28 A kind of high-performance SiC@Fe2O3Hybrid supercapacitor negative material Pending CN107833755A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110772890A (en) * 2018-07-30 2020-02-11 天津大学 Ferroferric oxide-loaded SiC foamed ceramic and preparation method and application thereof
CN112614705A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-04-06 宁波工程学院 Preparation method of zigzag nitrogen-doped SiC nanowires growing on carbon fiber cloth
CN115341384A (en) * 2022-09-19 2022-11-15 青岛科技大学 SiC NWs @MnO 2 Preparation method of @ PPy heterostructure nano composite wave-absorbing material

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103187180A (en) * 2013-03-06 2013-07-03 浙江理工大学 Preparation method for nanometre silicon carbide-ruthenium oxide composite material
CN105826086A (en) * 2015-08-20 2016-08-03 青岛大学 Flexible all-solid-state super capacitor based on SiC nano array and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103187180A (en) * 2013-03-06 2013-07-03 浙江理工大学 Preparation method for nanometre silicon carbide-ruthenium oxide composite material
CN105826086A (en) * 2015-08-20 2016-08-03 青岛大学 Flexible all-solid-state super capacitor based on SiC nano array and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
LIN GU, ET AL.: ""Performance characteristics of supercapacitor electrodes made of silicon carbide nanowires grown on carbon fabric"", 《JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES》 *
YING-CHU CHEN, ET AL.: ""Synthesis of Fe2O3 nanorods/silver nanowires on coffee filter as low-cost and efficient electrodes for supercapacitors"", 《JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY》 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110772890A (en) * 2018-07-30 2020-02-11 天津大学 Ferroferric oxide-loaded SiC foamed ceramic and preparation method and application thereof
CN110772890B (en) * 2018-07-30 2021-11-19 天津大学 Ferroferric oxide-loaded SiC foamed ceramic and preparation method and application thereof
CN112614705A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-04-06 宁波工程学院 Preparation method of zigzag nitrogen-doped SiC nanowires growing on carbon fiber cloth
CN115341384A (en) * 2022-09-19 2022-11-15 青岛科技大学 SiC NWs @MnO 2 Preparation method of @ PPy heterostructure nano composite wave-absorbing material

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Application publication date: 20180323