CN107832488B - Parameter extraction method and device for equivalent model of saturable reactor - Google Patents
Parameter extraction method and device for equivalent model of saturable reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and a device for extracting parameters of a saturable reactor equivalent model are provided, wherein the method comprises the steps of measuring coil direct-current resistance of a saturable reactor to be detected by using an RLC bridge, calculating hollow inductance of the saturable reactor to be detected by using a plurality of hollow inductance values under different high frequencies, calculating inductance value of an iron core inductance, and calculating the iron core resistance by using voltage values at two ends of the iron core inductance and iron core loss current, so that the problem of low accuracy of the existing saturable reactor equivalent model parameter extraction method is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of direct-current power transmission protection, in particular to a method and a device for extracting parameters of a saturable reactor equivalent model.
Background
The saturable reactor is an important protection element in the direct current transmission converter valve, mainly comprises an iron core and a winding, and utilizes the nonlinear characteristic of the iron core to limit the current rising speed of the thyristor of the converter valve at the moment of opening the converter valve, so as to ensure the reliable opening of the converter valve, the iron core saturation of the reactor is similar to short circuit after the reactor is conducted, and the power loss of the converter valve cannot be increased, so that the establishment of a reasonable and accurate saturable reactor electric model plays an important role in accurately analyzing the overall operation characteristic, stress and loss of the converter valve.
The existing electrical model of the saturable reactor comprises parameters (as shown in figure 1) such as coil direct current resistance, hollow inductance, iron core resistance and the like, wherein the iron core inductance and the iron core resistance are nonlinear elements, the coil direct current resistance, the hollow inductance and the iron core inductance are sequentially connected in series, the iron core resistance is connected with the iron core inductance in parallel, the existing mathematical model generally utilizes the power frequency characteristic of the saturable reactor to construct an equivalent circuit model of the saturable reactor, however, because the voltage born by the reactor under the actual operation condition is similar to high-frequency impact, the obtained equivalent circuit model can not accurately simulate the electrical performance of the saturable reactor during operation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application number CN105528506A, entitled "parameter obtaining method for equivalent circuit model of saturable reactor", proposes a parameter obtaining method for equivalent circuit model of saturable reactor based on impulse discharge test, because the voltage/current characteristics of saturable reactor under impulse discharge test are basically consistent with the electrical characteristics when it works, but when the hollow inductance value is obtained under impulse discharge test, in the prior art, only the voltage value and the current value of the voltage waveform at two ends of saturable reactor in the linear saturation region are selected to calculate the hollow inductance, the error is large, the accuracy is low, and the voltage at two ends of saturable reactor is directly selected to calculate in calculating the iron core inductance, so that the accuracy of calculating the iron core inductance is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the method for extracting the equivalent model parameters of the saturable reactor in the prior art is low in accuracy.
In view of this, the present invention provides a method for extracting parameters of a saturable reactor equivalent model, where the model includes a coil direct-current resistor, an air core inductor, and an iron core inductor connected in series, and the two ends of the iron core inductor are connected in parallel with an iron core resistor, and the method includes:
measuring the coil direct-current resistance of the saturable reactor to be measured by using an RLC bridge;
calculating the air core inductance of the saturable reactor to be tested by utilizing a plurality of air core inductance values under different high frequencies;
calculating the inductance value of the iron core inductor;
and calculating the resistance of the iron core by using the voltage values at the two ends of the iron core inductor and the loss current of the iron core.
Preferably, the step of calculating the air core inductance of the saturable reactor under test by using air core inductance values at a plurality of different high frequencies includes:
acquiring hollow inductors of the saturable reactor to be tested under a plurality of different high frequencies;
and calculating the average value of the plurality of air core inductances as the air core inductance.
Preferably, the step of obtaining the air core inductance of the saturable reactor to be tested at a plurality of different high frequencies includes:
and measuring the air core inductance at different high frequencies by using an RLC bridge.
Preferably, the step of measuring the coil direct current resistance of the saturable reactor to be measured by using the RLC bridge comprises:
judging whether the current measured temperature is equal to a preset temperature or not;
when the current measured temperature is not equal to the preset temperature, calculating the direct current resistance of the coil according to the following formula:
wherein R iscuA coil DC resistance; rTIs the coil dc resistance at the current measured temperature T.
Preferably, the calculating the inductance value of the core inductance includes calculating the core inductance by using the voltage value across the saturable reactor to be tested and the current variation value, and includes:
acquiring a voltage value and a current change value at two ends of the saturable reactor to be tested within a preset time;
the core inductance is calculated as follows:
wherein L ismAn iron core inductor; l isairIs a hollow inductor; u is a voltage value at two ends of the saturable reactor to be detected; and di/dt is the current change value.
Preferably, the calculating the inductance value of the core inductance further includes calculating the core inductance using a first flux linkage/current curve of the core, including:
acquiring a first flux linkage/current curve of an iron core in the saturable reactor to be tested;
and (4) carrying out derivation on the first flux linkage/current curve to determine the iron core inductance.
Preferably, the step of obtaining a first flux linkage/current curve of an iron core in the saturable reactor to be tested includes:
establishing a B-H curve of magnetic induction line intensity B and magnetic field intensity H according to the magnetization curve of the magnetic material of the saturable reactor to be detected;
and determining the first flux linkage/current curve function according to the B-H curve, the magnetic path equation, the number of turns of the iron core and the strength of the cross-sectional area magnetic induction line.
Preferably, the step of calculating the core resistance by using the voltage value at two ends of the core inductance and the core loss current includes:
acquiring a voltage value and a current value of two ends of the saturable reactor for carrying out impulse discharge within a preset impulse time, and determining a voltage curve and a current curve within the preset impulse time;
determining an iron core inductance flux linkage curve according to the voltage curve and the current curve;
determining a second flux linkage/current curve function describing the relation between the iron core inductance flux linkage and the current values at the two ends of the saturable reactor according to the current curve and the iron core inductance flux linkage curve;
obtaining the iron core loss current according to the first flux linkage/current curve function and the second flux linkage current curve function;
and calculating the resistance of the iron core according to the voltage values at the two ends of the iron core inductor and the iron core loss current.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a parameter extraction device of the equivalent model of the saturable reactor, wherein the model comprises a coil direct-current resistor, a hollow inductor and an iron core inductor which are connected in series, the two ends of the iron core inductor are connected with the iron core resistor in parallel, and the device comprises:
the first calculation unit is used for measuring the coil direct-current resistance of the saturable reactor to be measured by using the RLC bridge;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the air core inductance of the saturable reactor to be tested by utilizing a plurality of air core inductance values at different high frequencies;
a third calculating unit for calculating an inductance value of the core inductor;
and the fourth calculation unit is used for calculating the resistance of the iron core by using the voltage values at two ends of the iron core inductor and the iron core loss current.
According to the parameter extraction method and device for the equivalent model of the saturable reactor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the coil direct-current resistance of the saturable reactor to be detected is measured by using the RLC bridge, the air core inductance of the saturable reactor to be detected is calculated by using a plurality of air core inductance values under different high frequencies, the iron core inductance is calculated by using the voltage value and the current change value at two ends of the saturable reactor to be detected or the first flux linkage/current curve of the iron core, and the iron core resistance is calculated by using the voltage value and the iron core loss current at two ends of the iron core inductance, so that the problem of low accuracy of the existing saturable reactor equivalent model parameter extraction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent model of a saturable reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a parameter extraction method for a saturable reactor equivalent model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a parameter extraction device of a saturable reactor equivalent model according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of magnetic induction line strength B and magnetic field strength H provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a magnetic flux linkage/current fitting graph provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a parameter extraction method for a saturable reactor equivalent model, wherein the equivalent model is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a coil direct-current resistor Rcu, a hollow inductor Lair and an iron core inductor Lm which are connected in series, wherein the iron core resistor Rm is connected in parallel at two ends of the iron core inductor Lm, and the specific method is shown in fig. 2 and comprises the following steps:
and S11, measuring the coil direct-current resistance of the saturable reactor to be measured by using the RLC bridge. Wherein the coil DC resistance depends on the resistivity, cross-sectional area, length of the coil winding.
And S12, calculating the air core inductance of the saturable reactor to be tested by utilizing the air core inductance values at a plurality of different high frequencies. The air core inductance is the inherent inductance of the coil part of the saturable reactor, and the specific magnitude is related to the structure of the reactor winding.
And S13, calculating the inductance value of the iron core inductor. The core inductance represents the physical quantity of the nonlinear magnetic characteristic of the saturable reactor core, and the value of the physical quantity depends on the structures of the core and the winding, the magnetic permeability and the saturation characteristic of the core material and the like.
And S14, calculating the resistance of the iron core by using the voltage value at the two ends of the iron core inductor and the iron core loss current. The core resistance represents a physical quantity characteristic of the core loss of the reactor, the core loss comprises eddy current loss and hysteresis loss, and the value of the core loss is related to the structure of the saturable reactor and the saturation characteristic of the core material.
Step S12 specifically includes:
s121, obtaining the hollow inductance of the saturable reactor to be tested under a plurality of different high frequencies; the air core inductance can be obtained by RLC bridge measurement, the RLC bridge is used for measuring the air core inductance of the coil when the saturable reactor is not provided with an iron core under high frequency, and the obtained air core inductance is more accurate.
And S122, calculating the average value of the plurality of air core inductances to serve as the air core inductance. Since the operating frequency is generally in the range of 20kHz to 30kHz during the normal operation of the actual saturable reactor, in this embodiment, it is preferable to measure the hollow inductance value of the saturable reactor every 1kHz within the frequency range of 20kHz to 30kHz, and then calculate the average value as the hollow inductance Lair.
Step S11 specifically includes:
s111, judging whether the current measured temperature is equal to a preset temperature or not, and executing the step S112 when the current measured temperature is not equal to the preset temperature. Since the service temperature of the saturable reactor is generally about 20 ℃, the preset temperature is preferably 20 ℃ in the embodiment; the coil direct current resistance of the saturable reactor to be tested can be measured by a bridge method.
S112, calculating the direct current resistance of the coil according to the following formula: the environmental temperature is T during the test, if T is not 20 ℃, the resistance measured at the test temperature T needs to be converted into the resistance at 20 ℃, and the specific formula is shown as (1):
wherein R iscuA coil DC resistance; rTIs the coil dc resistance at the current measured temperature T.
In step S13, the method for calculating the iron core inductance by using the voltage value and the current variation value at the two ends of the saturable reactor to be measured specifically includes:
s131, acquiring a voltage value and a current change value at two ends of the saturable reactor to be detected within a preset time, wherein the preset time can be 20-40 microseconds to acquire a current waveform of a complete period;
s132, calculating the iron core inductance according to the formula (2):
wherein L ismAn iron core inductor; l isairIs a hollow inductor; u is a voltage value at two ends of the saturable reactor to be detected; and di/dt is the current change value.
In step S13, calculating an inductance of the iron core using the first flux linkage/current curve of the iron core includes:
s131', acquiring a first flux linkage/current curve of an iron core in the saturable reactor to be tested;
s132', deriving the first flux/current curve to determine the core inductance.
Step S131' includes:
firstly, a B-H curve of magnetic induction line intensity B and magnetic field intensity H is established according to the magnetization curve of the magnetic material of the saturable reactor to be tested, as shown in FIG. 4.
And secondly, determining the first flux linkage/current curve function according to the B-H curve, the magnetic path equation, the number of turns of the iron core and the strength of the cross-sectional area magnetic induction line.
Specifically, when a B-H curve (shown in FIG. 4) of magnetic induction line intensity B and magnetic field intensity H is obtained according to a magnetization curve of a magnetic material of the saturable reactor, a simulation software is used for obtaining an H (B) function;
the known magnetic circuit equation is shown in equation (3):
wherein MPL is iron coreThe effective magnetic path length; lg is the air gap length; n is the number of turns of the coil; s is the sectional area of the iron core; mu.s0Is magnetic permeability in vacuum, ImIs the core current.
Magnetic linkage psi of iron coremAs shown in formula (4):
ψm＝NBS (4)
combining equations (3) and (4) yields a first flux linkage/current function for the core, which in turn determines psim-ImAnd (3) directly bringing the curve into a saturated inductance module in simulation software, and obtaining the iron core inductance after the data derivation processing is carried out by the simulation software.
Step S14 specifically includes:
s141, acquiring a voltage value and a current value of two ends of the saturable reactor for carrying out impulse discharge within a preset impulse time, and determining a voltage curve and a current curve within the preset impulse time;
s142, determining an iron core inductance flux linkage curve according to the voltage curve and the current curve;
s143, determining a second flux linkage/current curve function for describing the relation between the iron core inductance flux linkage and the current values at the two ends of the saturable reactor according to the current curve and the iron core inductance flux linkage curve;
s144, obtaining iron core loss current according to the first flux linkage/current curve function and the second flux linkage current curve function;
and S145, calculating the resistance of the iron core according to the voltage value at the two ends of the iron core inductor and the iron core loss current.
Specifically, the flux linkage may be calculated by integrating the voltage over time, i.e., # Udt, for a core flux linkagem＝∫Umdt, it can be seen from fig. 1 that the voltage Um of the core inductance is represented by equation (5):
wherein R iscu、LairThe value of (A) is obtained by the above steps, U, I is obtained by measuring in a shock discharge test, when shockIn a shock discharge test, a surge capacitor is charged and then discharges a saturable reactor, a current sensor and a voltage sensor are used for respectively collecting current and voltage at two ends of the saturable reactor to obtain a current curve and a voltage curve within preset surge time, wherein the preset surge time can be 20-40 microseconds to obtain a current waveform and a voltage waveform of a complete period;
integrating the formula (5) with time to obtain a flux linkage corresponding to each time point of the iron core inductor, and obtaining a second flux linkage/current curve psi by taking the current value of each time point as an abscissa and the flux linkage at the moment as an ordinate according to the current waveform obtained by the impact testm-I。
Referring to fig. 1, the current I flowing through the saturable reactor is the sum of the core current Im and the core loss current Ir, so psi is obtained by the above stepsm-I、ψm-ImTwo flux linkage/current curves (shown as dotted lines in fig. 5) are coupled, as shown in fig. 5, a flux linkage/core loss current curve (shown as a solid line in fig. 5) of the saturable reactor is obtained, the curve is input into simulation software to obtain the core loss current of the saturable reactor, and therefore the core loss resistance Rm is Rm＝Um/Ir。
According to the parameter extraction method of the saturable reactor equivalent model provided by the embodiment of the invention, the RLC bridge is used for measuring the coil direct-current resistance of the saturable reactor to be detected, the plurality of hollow inductance values under different high frequencies are used for calculating the hollow inductance of the saturable reactor to be detected, the voltage value and the current change value at two ends of the saturable reactor to be detected or the first magnetic linkage/current curve of the iron core are used for calculating the inductance of the iron core, and the voltage value at two ends of the iron core inductance and the loss current of the iron core are used for calculating the resistance of the iron core, so that the problem of low accuracy of the existing saturable reactor equivalent model.
Correspondingly, the present invention further provides a parameter extraction apparatus for a saturable reactor equivalent model, where the model includes a coil direct current resistor, a hollow inductor, and an iron core inductor connected in series, and the two ends of the iron core inductor are connected in parallel with an iron core resistor, as shown in fig. 3, the apparatus includes:
a first calculating unit 21 for measuring a coil direct current resistance of the saturable reactor to be measured by using the RLC bridge;
a second calculation unit 22, configured to calculate an air-core inductance of the saturable reactor to be tested by using a plurality of air-core inductance values at different high frequencies;
a third calculating unit 23, configured to calculate an inductance value of the core inductor;
and a fourth calculating unit 24, configured to calculate a core resistance by using the voltage value at two ends of the core inductance and the core loss current.
According to the parameter extraction device of the saturable reactor equivalent model provided by the embodiment of the invention, the RLC bridge is used for measuring the coil direct-current resistance of the saturable reactor to be detected, the plurality of hollow inductance values under different high frequencies are used for calculating the hollow inductance of the saturable reactor to be detected, the voltage value and the current change value at two ends of the saturable reactor to be detected or the first magnetic linkage/current curve of the iron core are used for calculating the inductance of the iron core, and the voltage value at two ends of the iron core inductance and the loss current of the iron core are used for calculating the resistance of the iron core, so that the problem of low accuracy of the existing saturable reactor equivalent model.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A parameter extraction method of a saturable reactor equivalent model comprises a coil direct current resistor, a hollow inductor and an iron core inductor which are connected in series, wherein the two ends of the iron core inductor are connected with the iron core resistor in parallel, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
measuring the coil direct-current resistance of the saturable reactor to be measured by using an RLC bridge;
calculating the air core inductance of the saturable reactor to be tested by utilizing a plurality of air core inductance values under different high frequencies;
calculating an inductance value of the core inductance, including calculating the core inductance using a first flux/current curve of the core, including:
acquiring a first flux linkage/current curve of an iron core in the saturable reactor to be tested;
the first flux linkage/current curve is subjected to derivation to determine the iron core inductance; the step of obtaining a first flux linkage/current curve of an iron core in the saturable reactor to be tested comprises the following steps:
establishing a B-H curve of magnetic induction line intensity B and magnetic field intensity H according to the magnetization curve of the magnetic material of the saturable reactor to be detected;
determining the first flux linkage/current curve function according to the B-H curve, the magnetic path equation, the number of turns of the iron core and the strength of the cross-sectional area magnetic induction line; utilize the magnitude of voltage and the iron core loss current at iron core inductance both ends, calculate the iron core resistance, include:
acquiring a voltage value and a current value of two ends of the saturable reactor for carrying out impulse discharge within a preset impulse time, and determining a voltage curve and a current curve within the preset impulse time;
determining an iron core inductance flux linkage curve according to the voltage curve and the current curve;
determining a second flux linkage/current curve function describing the relation between the iron core inductance flux linkage and the current values at the two ends of the saturable reactor according to the current curve and the iron core inductance flux linkage curve;
obtaining the iron core loss current according to the first flux linkage/current curve function and the second flux linkage/current curve function;
and calculating the resistance of the iron core according to the voltage values at the two ends of the iron core inductor and the iron core loss current.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the air core inductance of the saturable reactor under test using air core inductance values at a plurality of different high frequencies comprises:
acquiring hollow inductors of the saturable reactor to be tested under a plurality of different high frequencies;
and calculating the average value of the plurality of air core inductances as the air core inductance.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the air core inductance of the saturable reactor under test at a plurality of different high frequencies comprises:
and measuring the air core inductance at different high frequencies by using an RLC bridge.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of measuring the coil dc resistance of the saturable reactor under test using the RLC bridge comprises:
judging whether the current measured temperature is equal to a preset temperature or not;
when the current measured temperature is not equal to the preset temperature, calculating the direct current resistance of the coil according to the following formula:
wherein R iscuA coil DC resistance; rTIs the coil dc resistance at the current measured temperature T.
5. The utility model provides a parameter extraction element of saturable reactor equivalent model, the model includes coil direct current resistance, hollow inductance, the iron core inductance of establishing ties, the both ends of iron core inductance are parallelly connected to have iron core resistance, its characterized in that, the device includes:
the first calculation unit is used for measuring the coil direct-current resistance of the saturable reactor to be measured by using the RLC bridge;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the air core inductance of the saturable reactor to be tested by utilizing a plurality of air core inductance values at different high frequencies;
a third calculating unit for calculating an inductance value of the core inductance, including calculating the core inductance using the first flux/current curve of the core, including:
acquiring a first flux linkage/current curve of an iron core in the saturable reactor to be tested;
the first flux linkage/current curve is subjected to derivation to determine the iron core inductance; the step of obtaining a first flux linkage/current curve of an iron core in the saturable reactor to be tested comprises the following steps:
establishing a B-H curve of magnetic induction line intensity B and magnetic field intensity H according to the magnetization curve of the magnetic material of the saturable reactor to be detected;
determining the first flux linkage/current curve function according to the B-H curve, the magnetic path equation, the number of turns of the iron core and the strength of the cross-sectional area magnetic induction line;
the fourth calculating unit is used for calculating the iron core resistance by using the voltage value at two ends of the iron core inductor and the iron core loss current, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a voltage value and a current value of two ends of the saturable reactor for carrying out impulse discharge within a preset impulse time, and determining a voltage curve and a current curve within the preset impulse time;
determining an iron core inductance flux linkage curve according to the voltage curve and the current curve;
determining a second flux linkage/current curve function describing the relation between the iron core inductance flux linkage and the current values at the two ends of the saturable reactor according to the current curve and the iron core inductance flux linkage curve;
obtaining the iron core loss current according to the first flux linkage/current curve function and the second flux linkage/current curve function;
and calculating the resistance of the iron core according to the voltage values at the two ends of the iron core inductor and the iron core loss current.
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| CN110688816A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-14 | 西安交通大学 | Method for calculating time domain macro of nanosecond pulse to electrically large-size coil coupling response |
| CN110795852B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2023-05-09 | 兰州交通大学 | Locomotive terminal voltage prediction method considering electric heating coupling influence |
| CN111324971B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2023-05-30 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Method for optimizing core loss of saturation reactor |
| CN111666703B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2023-09-22 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and device for calculating impedance variation of dry type air reactor |
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