Folding arm type disconnecting switch opening and closing in-place monitoring device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a device and a method for in-place opening and closing monitoring of a folding arm type isolating switch.
Background
Under the background of the national advanced intelligent substation construction, the substation gradually realizes unattended operation, patrols and examines all facilities, and the execution sequence is judged by the real-time monitoring of the control system. However, high voltage disconnectors are subject to climatic conditions and design and manufacturing during operation, causing mechanical or electrical faults. Especially when the contact of the movable contact piece and the static contact rod of the high-voltage isolating switch is poor, the defects of heating and the like at the contact part are easily caused, if the treatment is not timely, a large-area power failure is generated in a power grid, and great economic loss is caused for the country. If the high-voltage isolating switch is not in place, electrical performance faults can be caused, and when high potential difference exists at two ends, the fracture is broken down easily due to insufficient fracture distance, so that the life safety of operating personnel of the transformer substation is damaged. Therefore, whether the opening and closing of the high-voltage isolating switch is in place or not is accurately and reliably judged, and the key problem of whether the isolating switch runs safely or not is solved, and meanwhile, the monitoring problem to be solved by the development of the intelligent power grid in the future country is also solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for in-place monitoring of opening and closing of a folding arm type isolating switch, which are used for monitoring the position state of opening and closing of the switch, reducing the detection difficulty of field staff and improving the working efficiency and the judgment accuracy.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the opening and closing in-place monitoring device of the folding arm type isolating switch comprises a closing detection pressure sensor and an opening detection pressure sensor, wherein the closing detection pressure sensor is arranged between a contact finger spring and a spring seat, one end of the contact finger spring is pressed on the closing detection pressure sensor, a spring bushing is arranged in the contact finger spring, the outer diameter of the spring bushing is matched with the inner diameter of the contact finger spring, the other end of the contact finger spring is connected with a contact finger of the isolating switch through the spring bushing, and the spring seat is connected with a transmission frame of the isolating switch through a connecting plate; the brake separating detection pressure sensor is arranged on the supporting block, the supporting block is fixed on the lower conducting tube of the isolating switch, the brake separating detection pressure sensor is provided with a reset spring, one end of the reset spring is pressed on the brake separating detection pressure sensor, the other end of the reset spring is connected with the pressing plate, and the position of the pressing plate is higher than that of the buffer pad on the lower conducting tube.
Further, the output end of the closing detection pressure sensor and the output end of the opening detection pressure sensor are connected with the input end of the wireless transmitter, the output end of the wireless transmitter is connected with the input end of the wireless receiver, the output end of the wireless receiver is connected with the input end of the signal processor, and the output end of the signal processor is connected with the monitoring display through the control cubicle.
Further, cover plates are arranged on two sides of the pressing plate and used for limiting the freedom degrees of the pressing plate in all directions, so that the pressing plate can only move up and down when being stressed; the cover plate is arranged on the supporting block through the guide rail cover.
Further, a positioning hole is formed in the contact finger of the isolating switch, and the end part of the spring bushing is arranged in the positioning hole.
Further, the bottom of the closing detection pressure sensor is provided with a limiting boss, a concave hole matched with the limiting boss at the bottom of the closing detection pressure sensor is formed in the spring seat, and the closing detection pressure sensor is limited through the boss arranged in the concave hole of the spring seat.
Further, the bottom of the brake separating detection pressure sensor is also provided with a limiting boss, a concave hole matched with the limiting boss at the bottom of the brake separating detection pressure sensor is formed in the supporting block, and the brake separating detection pressure sensor realizes limiting through the limiting boss arranged in the concave hole of the supporting block.
Further, the outer surfaces of the closing detection pressure sensor and the opening detection pressure sensor are sprayed with metal film layers so as to be beneficial to eliminating peripheral electromagnetic interference.
Further, the closing detection pressure sensor is a resistance type strain gauge sensor, and one end of the contact finger spring is pressed on an elastic sensitive element of the resistance type strain gauge sensor serving as the closing detection pressure sensor. The brake-separating detection pressure sensor is also a resistance type strain gauge sensor, and one end of the reset spring is pressed on an elastic sensitive element of the resistance type strain gauge sensor serving as the brake-separating detection pressure sensor.
Further, the closing detection pressure sensor and the opening detection pressure sensor are both L-shaped and are provided with a flat end and a protruding end, and the elastic sensitive element is arranged at the flat end. The wireless transmitter may be disposed within the protruding end. The protruding end can be internally provided with a screw for realizing the fixation of the closing detection pressure sensor and the spring seat and the fixation of the opening detection pressure sensor and the supporting block.
Further, the signal processor may be disposed within the mechanism housing, and the wireless receiver may be disposed at a low voltage end of the mechanism housing.
Under the action of the spring bushing, the guide function can be realized on the contact finger spring. In the initial state, namely before closing, the contact finger spring is in a compressed state so as to be favorable for preventing the bushing from falling off.
The signal processor is powered by an external voltage AC220V power supply, and can amplify and AD convert the electric signals measured by the closing detection pressure sensor and the opening detection pressure sensor, and then send the electric signals into the monitoring display through the control cabinet, and the control cabinet can also control the three-phase linkage signals and the operation power supply simultaneously. Comparing the pressure value transmitted by the closing detection pressure sensor with a closing pressure value prestored in the monitoring display, and if the pressure value transmitted by the closing detection pressure sensor is greater than or equal to the closing pressure value prestored in the monitoring display, indicating that the closing is in place; if the pressure value transmitted by the closing detection pressure sensor is smaller than the closing pressure value prestored in the monitoring display, the closing is not in place. Comparing the pressure value transmitted by the brake-separating detection pressure sensor with a brake-separating pressure value pre-stored in the monitoring display, and if the pressure value transmitted by the brake-separating detection pressure sensor is greater than or equal to the brake-separating pressure value pre-stored in the monitoring display, indicating that the brake separation is in place; if the pressure value transmitted by the brake-separating detection pressure sensor is smaller than the brake-separating pressure value pre-stored in the monitoring display, the brake separation is not in place. The signal processor has large storage capacity, and can store the pressure value of the measured point according to time and the position of the measured point. The signal processor, the wireless transmitter, the wireless receiver, the control cabinet and the monitoring display are all existing mature equipment. The isolating switches of different phase lines in the high-voltage line can be provided with on-line monitoring devices for switching on and off in place. The numerical values of the pressure sensors on different phases can be displayed and checked through the monitoring display, namely the upper computer.
The method for monitoring whether the opening and closing of the isolating switch is in place by using the opening and closing in-place monitoring device of the folding arm isolating switch as described above comprises the following steps:
when the isolating switch is closed, the transmission frame moves upwards along the contact direction, the transmission frame moves upwards to drive the spring seat to move perpendicular to the contact fingers through the connecting plate, so that the two contact fingers clamp the static contact rod in the closing direction, the single-chip contact fingers give the pressure of the static contact rod, the static contact rod also gives the action of the single-chip contact finger force, the single-chip contact finger gives the contact finger spring to generate acting force at one end close to the contact finger, the other end of the contact finger spring generates restoring force to act on the closing detection pressure sensor, the closing detection pressure sensor detects the pressure of the single contact finger during closing, the pressure is sent into the monitoring display through the signal processor and the control cabinet, and the detected pressure value is compared with the prestoring closing pressure value in the monitoring display to judge whether the closing is in place.
When the isolating switch is opened, the upper conducting tube is vertically folded to be close to the lower conducting tube, when the isolating switch is close to the opening position, the upper conducting tube acts on the pressing plate before the buffer pad, and after the pressing plate is stressed, the pressing plate vertically moves downwards to compress the reset spring until the position of the pressing plate is lower than the buffer pad, at the moment, the isolating switch is opened in place, and the compression amount of the reset spring is maximum; the brake-separating detection pressure sensor at the end part of the reset spring is stressed, and the brake-separating detection pressure sensor collects restoring force generated by compression deformation of the reset spring; the pressure value measured by the brake-separating detection pressure sensor is sent to the monitoring display through the signal processor and the control cubicle, and is compared with the brake-separating pressure value prestored in the monitoring display to judge whether the brake separation is in place.
After the measured sampling signals are converted into electric signals by the closing detection pressure sensor and the opening detection pressure sensor, the electric signals are transmitted to the signal processor through 433MHz wireless communication, and the interference of surrounding electromagnetic fields is overcome by high frequency. The signal processor can set the reading time of the pressure data measured by the closing detection pressure sensor and the opening detection pressure sensor (for example, the signal processor can read the pressure data measured by the closing detection pressure sensor and the opening detection pressure sensor every 30 minutes). The signal processor is an existing sophisticated device.
The invention is beneficial to enhancing the accuracy of the in-place judgment of the opening and closing of the isolating switch, avoiding the artificial subjective fuzzy judgment, ensuring the working safety of field staff, ensuring the operation reliability of the isolating switch, being beneficial to finding out the fault in the operation of the isolating switch in advance, solving the problem in time and avoiding the accident problem in the operation of the power grid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an on-line monitoring device for the opening and closing of an isolating switch;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a closing detection pressure sensor;
fig. 3 is an enlarged structure diagram of a closing detection pressure sensor when the isolating switch is closed;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged structure diagram of a position of a disconnecting switch brake-separating detection pressure sensor;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an installation structure of the brake release detection pressure sensor on the supporting block.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, a folding arm type disconnecting switch opening and closing in-place monitoring device comprises a closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 and a separating detection pressure sensor 1-2, wherein the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 is arranged between a contact finger spring 7 and a spring seat 13, one end of the contact finger spring 7 is pressed on the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1, a spring bushing 19 is arranged in the contact finger spring 7, the outer diameter of the spring bushing 19 is matched with the inner diameter of the contact finger spring 7, the other end of the contact finger spring 7 is connected with a contact finger 5 of the disconnecting switch through the spring bushing 19, and the spring seat 13 is connected with a transmission frame 20 of the disconnecting switch through a connecting plate 21. The brake-separating detection pressure sensor 1-2 is arranged on the supporting block 15, the supporting block 15 is fixed on the lower conducting tube 9 of the isolating switch, the brake-separating detection pressure sensor 1-2 is provided with a return spring 17, one end of the return spring 17 is pressed on the brake-separating detection pressure sensor 1-2, the other end of the return spring 17 is connected with the pressing plate 12, and the position of the pressing plate 12 is higher than the position of the buffer cushion 11 on the lower conducting tube 9.
Referring to fig. 1, the output end of the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 and the output end of the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2 are connected with the input end of a wireless transmitter (not shown in the figure), the output end of the wireless transmitter is connected with the input end of a wireless receiver (not shown in the figure), the output end of the wireless receiver is connected with the input end of a signal processor 2, and the output end of the signal processor 2 is connected with a monitoring display 3 through a control box 4.
Referring to fig. 5, cover plates 16 are disposed on two sides of the pressing plate 12, for limiting the degrees of freedom of the pressing plate 12 in all directions, so that the pressing plate 12 can only move up and down when being stressed; the cover plate 16 is mounted on the support block 15 through the rail cover 14.
The contact finger 5 of the isolating switch is provided with a positioning hole (not shown in the figure), and the end part of the spring bushing 19 is arranged in the positioning hole of the contact finger 5.
Referring to fig. 2, a limit boss 6 is provided at the bottom of the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1, a concave hole (not shown in the figure) adapted to the limit boss 6 at the bottom of the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 is provided on the spring seat 13, and the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 realizes limit through the boss 6 disposed in the concave hole of the spring seat 13. The bottom of the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2 is also provided with a limiting boss (not shown in the figure), the supporting block 15 is provided with a concave hole (not shown in the figure) which is matched with the limiting boss at the bottom of the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2, and the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2 realizes limiting through the limiting boss which is arranged in the concave hole of the supporting block 15.
The outer surfaces of the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 and the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2 are sprayed with metal film layers so as to be beneficial to eliminating peripheral electromagnetic interference.
The closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 is a resistance type strain gauge sensor, and one end of the contact finger spring 7 is pressed on an elastic sensitive element of the resistance type strain gauge sensor serving as the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1. The brake release detection pressure sensor 1-2 is also a resistance type strain gauge sensor, and one end of the return spring 17 is pressed on an elastic sensitive element of the resistance type strain gauge sensor serving as the brake release detection pressure sensor 1-2.
The switching-on detection pressure sensor 1-1 and the switching-off detection pressure sensor 1-2 are both L-shaped and are provided with a flat end and a protruding end, and the elastic sensitive element is arranged at the flat end. The wireless transmitter may be disposed within the protruding end. Screws can be further arranged in the protruding ends and used for fixedly connecting the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 with the spring seat 13 and fixedly connecting the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2 with the supporting block 15.
The signal processor 2 may be placed in a mechanism box, and the wireless receiver may be disposed at a low-voltage end of the mechanism box.
The finger springs 7 can be guided by the spring bushing 19. In the initial state, i.e. before closing, the finger spring 7 is in a compressed state, so as to facilitate preventing the bushing 19 from falling off.
The monitor display 3 may also be connected to an alarm device, such as a buzzer or the like.
The signal processor 2 is powered by an external voltage AC220V power supply, and can amplify and AD convert the electric signals measured by the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 and the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2, and then send the electric signals into the monitoring display 3 through the control cabinet 4, and the control cabinet 4 can also control the three-phase linkage signals and the operation power supply simultaneously. Comparing the pressure value transmitted by the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 with a closing pressure value prestored in the monitoring display 3, and if the pressure value transmitted by the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 is greater than or equal to the closing pressure value prestored in the monitoring display 3, indicating that the closing is in place; if the pressure value transmitted by the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 is smaller than the closing pressure value prestored in the monitoring display 3, the closing is not in place. Comparing the pressure value transmitted by the brake-separating detection pressure sensor 1-2 with a brake-separating pressure value pre-stored in the monitoring display 3, and if the pressure value transmitted by the brake-separating detection pressure sensor 1-2 is greater than or equal to the brake-separating pressure value pre-stored in the monitoring display 3, indicating that the brake separation is in place; if the pressure value transmitted by the brake-separating detection pressure sensor 1-2 is smaller than the brake-separating pressure value pre-stored in the monitoring display 3, the brake separation is not in place. The signal processor 2 has large storage capacity, and can store the pressure value of the measured point according to time and the position of the measured point. The signal processor 2, the wireless transmitter, the wireless receiver, the control box 4 and the monitoring display 3 are all existing mature equipment. The isolating switches of different phase lines in the high-voltage line can be provided with on-line monitoring devices for switching on and off in place. The values of the pressure sensors on the different phases can be displayed and checked by the monitor display 3, i.e. the upper computer.
The method for monitoring whether the opening and closing of the isolating switch is in place by using the opening and closing in-place monitoring device of the folding arm isolating switch as described above comprises the following steps:
when the isolating switch is switched on, the transmission frame 20 moves upwards along the contact finger 5, the transmission frame 20 moves upwards to drive the spring seat 13 to move perpendicular to the contact finger 5 through the connecting plate 21, the contact fingers at two sides clamp a static contact rod (not shown in the figure) in the switching-on direction, the single contact finger 5 gives pressure to the static contact rod, the static contact rod also gives the force to the single contact finger 5, the single contact finger 5 gives the force to one end of the contact finger spring 7 close to the contact finger 5, the other end of the contact finger spring 7 gives a restoring force to act on the switching-on detection pressure sensor 1-1, the pressure of the single contact finger 5 when the switching-on detection pressure sensor 1-1 detects switching-on is sent to the monitoring display 3 through the signal processor 2 and the control cabinet 4, and the detected pressure value is compared with a pre-stored switching-on pressure value in the monitoring display 3 to judge whether switching-on is in place.
When the isolating switch is opened, the upper conducting tube 10 is vertically folded to draw the lower conducting tube 9 close, when approaching to opening in place, the upper conducting tube 10 acts on the pressing plate 12 before the buffer pad 11, after the pressing plate 12 is stressed, the pressing plate 12 vertically moves downwards to compress the reset spring 17 until the position of the pressing plate 12 is lower than the position of the buffer pad 11, at the moment, the isolating switch is opened in place, and the compression amount of the reset spring 17 is maximum; the brake-separating detection pressure sensor 1-2 at the end part of the return spring 17 is stressed, and the brake-separating detection pressure sensor 1-2 acquires restoring force generated by compression deformation of the return spring 17; the pressure value measured by the brake-separating detection pressure sensor 1-2 is sent to the monitoring display 3 through the signal processor 2 and the control cubicle 4, and is compared with the pre-stored brake-separating pressure value in the monitoring display 3 to judge whether the brake separation is in place.
After the measured sampling signals are converted into electric signals by the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 and the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2, the electric signals are transmitted to the signal processor 2 by overcoming the interference of peripheral electromagnetic fields through 433MHz wireless communication at high frequency. The signal processor 2 can set the reading time of the pressure data measured by the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 and the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2 (for example, the signal processor can read the pressure data measured by the closing detection pressure sensor 1-1 and the opening detection pressure sensor 1-2 once every 30 minutes). The signal processor 2 is an existing sophisticated device. If the pressure value received by the monitoring display suddenly changes by more than 15% of the pre-stored pressure value, the corresponding pressure sensor continuously transmits 5 times of data, and then the corresponding pressure sensor can transmit data once every 3 minutes.