CN107831413B - The electromagnetic wave detection device and method of transmission line of electricity corona discharge based on unmanned plane - Google Patents
The electromagnetic wave detection device and method of transmission line of electricity corona discharge based on unmanned plane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The electromagnetic wave detection device and method of the invention proposes a kind of transmission line of electricity corona discharge based on unmanned plane, detection device includes unmanned plane, RF detection module, ultraviolet detection module and host computer, unmanned plane is connected with remote controler, RF detection module and ultraviolet detection module are fixed on the bracket of unmanned plane, host computer is equipped with wireless communication module, single-chip microcontroller, the first display module and the second display module, and module is connected RF detection module with the first display module by wireless communication；Module is connected the ultraviolet detection module with single-chip microcontroller by wireless communication, and single-chip microcontroller is connected with the second display module.The present invention is detected and analyzed ultraviolet and radio frequency two different electromagnetic wave bands by UAV flight, the status assessment of transmission line of electricity electric discharge can be achieved, estimate service life, the discovery potential risk of route, to guarantee that power system stability power supply provides safeguard, reduce the failure that transmission line of electricity hidden danger occurs, loss is reduced, ensure that power supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency electromagnetic detection more particularly to a kind of transmission line of electricity electricity based on unmanned plane
The detection device and method of corona.
Background technique
Due to power grid construction land used growing tension, young crops reparation difficulty increase, power transmission engineering based on multi-circuit lines on the same tower,
And compact transmission line ratio is higher and higher.As overhaul of the equipments standardizes, transmission line of electricity require tower on closely detection or
Person's aircraft band gondola closely detects.On tower when operation, at least needs 4 operating personnels to cooperate lifting instrument, not only expend
Manpower is also easy to damage instrument in hoisting process；Multiple-loop line transmission line of electricity may also relate to cooperation have a power failure, equipment Risk and
Personnel's operating risk is very high.The discharge regime of voltage heating type equipment includes glow discharge, corona discharge, brush electric discharge, fire
Flower electric discharge and arc discharge, severity are incremented by successively.Using traditional infrared thermal imaging detection can detecte spark discharge or
The heating defect in arc discharge stage, but as the raising that power supply reliability requires, equipment power failure are increasingly difficult to, defect processing is non-
It is often passive.Therefore, O&M department needs a kind of equipment and generates the intellectualized detection device that can be managed in advance before heating defect, with
Timely tracking equipment risk, having the initiative in hands property, while realizing and stepping on tower less or even exempt to step on tower, to reduce equipment Risk and personnel's operation
Risk.
Corona discharge is a kind of abnormal phenomenon that transmission line of electricity often occurs.As user is to electricity consumption reliability, safety
It can not be ignored with the corona discharge phenomenon of the continuous improvement of stability requirement, transmission line of electricity.It can to the detection of corona discharge signal
Early warning is provided with the insulation fault to transmission line of electricity to avoid great so as to overhaul plan timely when there is route hidden danger
Insulation fault occurs, and has very important significance to the safe operation for ensureing transmission line of electricity.Currently, transmission line of electricity corona discharge
Detection technique mainly has visual observation, infrared thermography, ultrasonic corona probe method, ultraviolet image method, electromagnetic detection method etc..
Visual observation is the initial detection method for relying on staff's experience.
Infrared thermography has biggish temperature gradient or background and target to have the characteristics of larger hot contrast using target,
So that low visual object is easy to see in infrared image, it can detecte spark discharge or the fever in arc discharge stage lack
It falls into.Infrared thermography at home and abroad has wide application, mainly includes fuse, cable in the application of power industry
The power equipments such as core, composite insulator and transformer.But in use it is found that infrared technique is by many factors
Influence, first is that environment between target and detector and apart from influencing Effect on Detecting；Second is that air flowing not only makes infrared energy
Amount decaying, and the transmission of Target Infrared Radiation energy is had significant effect；In addition, only when electric discharge develop to it is more serious
Degree causes local temperature rise, and infrared imaging method could detect to obtain, and sensitivity is insufficient.
The ultrasound component that ultrasonic corona probe method inspires when detecting corona discharge using ultrasonic wave principle, ultrasonic corona
Detector is a kind of non-contacting measurement device, can be used for the positioning of apparatus local discharge point, is exposed to the atmosphere for searching
Corona point.Ultrasonic corona probe method is used as the supplementary means of electro-detection more, and there is also the not high problems of sensitivity.
Ultraviolet image method is the ultraviolet light that generates when monitoring electrical equipment electric discharge, UV signal after processing with visible shadow
As being superimposed and displayed on screen.South Africa CSIR Corporation has utilized ultraviolet solar blind, has developed the inspection of CoroCAM UV corona
Examining system is accurately positioned discharge source by the image information of acquisition, and determines the reason of equipment is discharged and severity.Beauty
EPRI company, state has carried out laboratory and field test to power transmission line corona discharge using ultraviolet imager, and experiment effect is good
It is good, and write relevant detection directive/guide.Ultraviolet imager is obtained and is expected for the detection of power system device electric discharge
The good result being consistent, such as 138kV and 500kV overhead line and generator coil and other power equipments.At home, military
Chinese university research thinks that the process of power transmission line corona discharge development can be by the variation for the number of photons that ultraviolet imager observes
It goes to reflect.University Of Chongqing high pressure research personnel are by carrying out ultraviolet imagery along face contaminant flashover to composite insulator, it is believed that insulation
The gradation for surface pollution and state of insulation in sublist face can judge according to the range of the ultraviolet light subnumber detected.Ultraviolet imager is rung
It answers speed fast, can more accurately find corona discharge position, be used by some Utilities Electric Co.s, but equipment price is too high
Expensive (unit price 700,000 or so), is not suitable for promoting the use of a large area.
Electromagnetic detection method is concentrated mainly in substation at present in the attention for just gradually causing researcher in recent years, application
Short distance Partial Discharge Detection, for transmission line of electricity measurement application it is also seldom, still have many technological difficulties and need to solve.
Currently, domestic is mainly that University Of Tianjin and University Of Chongqing have carried out preliminary exploratory development, made with list around axial mode helical antenna
For sensor, the pulse frequency range of corona discharge is analyzed using radio-frequency transmitter technology.Entire measuring system work is penetrated very high
Again and again band (several hundred MHz), measuring circuit design is complicated, but if can be realized breakthrough, it will be to transmission line of electricity corona discharge
Detection provides a kind of completely new means.It is external that transmission line of electricity corona discharge is mainly detected using ultraviolet imager, using radio frequency electrical
The hyperfrequency method (UHF) (Electromagnetic Wave Detection method) of magnetic wave detection is mainly used for the Partial Discharge Detection of generalized information system.
Principle of the Electromagnetic Wave Detection method for Partial Discharge Detection is: the electricity issued when by receiving shelf depreciation in GIS
Magnetic wave detects shelf depreciation.In the SF6 of high pressure, shelf depreciation always occurs to a very small extent, therefore has pole
The feature of fast breakdown time.It is this with rapid increase when edge partial discharge pulse include from direct current to the frequency for being more than 1GHz
Rate ingredient.The coaxial configuration of GIS is a good waveguide, and hyperfrequency (30-3000MHz) electromagnetic wave can effectively be passed in inside
It broadcasts.The frequency of the major electromagnetics interference signal such as corona discharge in electric system is generally in 150 MHz hereinafter, and because it is in sky
It is propagated in gas, decaying is quickly.Therefore, select the electromagnetic signal of hyper band as detection signal to avoid conventional electrical test side
The interference in electric system being difficult in method obtains the phase of shelf depreciation to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of Partial Discharge Detection
Close information realization Partial Discharge Detection.According to the difference of field device situation, using built-in uhf sensor and external
Uhf sensor.Since the corona interference at scene is concentrated mainly on 300MHz frequency range hereinafter, therefore UHF method can be effectively shielded from
The interference such as corona at scene, sensitivity with higher and anti-interference ability, it can be achieved that shelf depreciation live detection, positioning and
The advantages that Classifcation of flaws.
Currently, the domestic application to radio frequency electromagnetic detection method is mainly in substation and the short distance of generalized information system part
Discharge examination, the measurement application for transmission line of electricity is also seldom, still has many technological difficulties and needs to solve.Existing measurement system
Work unite at very high radio frequency band (several hundred MHz), measuring circuit design is complicated.
Summary of the invention
It is low for transmission line of electricity corona discharge detection method sensitivity, the measuring circuit complex technology of radio frequency electromagnetic detection
Problem, the present invention propose the detection device and method of a kind of transmission line of electricity corona discharge based on unmanned plane, are taken by unmanned plane
It carries and ultraviolet and radio frequency two different electromagnetic wave bands is detected and handled, realize the inspection to paradoxical discharge and corona discharge
It surveys, to carry out corresponding processing in time, helps to improve the security reliability of transmission line of electricity, realize and step on tower lacking for personnel's operation
Even exempt to step on tower, reduce the equipment Risk and personnel's operating risk in operation process, improves the initiative of equipment maintenance work.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows: a kind of power transmission line based on unmanned plane
The electromagnetic wave detection device of road corona discharge, including unmanned plane, RF detection module, ultraviolet detection module and host computer, nobody
Machine is connected with remote controler, and RF detection module and ultraviolet detection module are fixed on the bracket of unmanned plane, and host computer is equipped with
Wireless communication module, single-chip microcontroller, the first display module and the second display module, RF detection module by wireless communication module with
First display module is connected；Module is connected the ultraviolet detection module with single-chip microcontroller by wireless communication, single-chip microcontroller and
Two display modules are connected.
The RF detection module includes signal acquisition unit and the first signal processing module, and signal acquisition unit includes spiral shell
Revolve antenna, passive filter and preamplifier, helical antenna is arranged in one end of RF detection module, helical antenna with it is passive
Filter is connected, and passive filter is connected with preamplifier, preamplifier and the first signal processing module.
First signal processing module includes signal source, the first multiplier, the second multiplier, first filter, second
Filter, the first analog-digital converter, the second analog-digital converter and adder, the preamplifier and signal source of RF detection module
It is connected with the first multiplier, the first multiplier is connected with first filter, first filter and the first analog-digital converter
It is connected to obtain signal X；After 90 ° of signal source phase shift and the preamplifier of RF detection module (3) with the second multiplier phase
Connection, the second multiplier are connected with second filter, and second filter is connected to obtain signal Y with the second analog-digital converter；
Signal X and signal Y are connected with adder, and module is connected adder with the first display module by wireless communication.
The ultraviolet detection module includes sensor module and second signal processing module, and sensor module includes front end filter
Photosystem and photomultiplier tube, front end filter system are connected with photomultiplier tube, and photomultiplier tube and second signal handle mould
Block is connected；The second signal processing module includes one stage signal amplifying circuit, secondary filtering and amplifying circuit, A/D conversion electricity
Road and pulse discriminator circuit, photomultiplier tube are connected with one stage signal amplifying circuit, one stage signal amplifying circuit respectively with it is secondary
Grade filtering and amplifying circuit, pulse discriminator circuit are connected, and secondary filtering and amplifying circuit is connected with A/D conversion circuit, and pulse is discriminated
Module is connected with single-chip microcontroller by wireless communication for other circuit and A/D conversion circuit.
The single-chip microcontroller is connected with keyboard, buzzer, memory and serial ports respectively.
A kind of electromagnetic wave detecting method of the transmission line of electricity corona discharge based on unmanned plane, its step are as follows:
Step 1: using 50MHz as the different filters of stepping, by electrion experiment porch to frequency range be 0 to
The corona signal of 1GHz measures record and analysis, finds frequency range where interference signal, then choose and do not interfere within 1GHz
The frequency range of signal distributions is as frequency conversion reference signal；Frequency conversion reference signal is arranged in signal source；
Step 2: RF detection module and ultraviolet detection module are fixed on unmanned plane, by remote controler by unmanned plane
It is moved near power transmission line near equipment to be detected；
Step 3: the helical antenna of RF detection module is used to receive the weak electromagnetic wave of corona discharge generation, passive filter
Wave device is used to wiping out background noise signal, and preamplifier realizes the amplification of small-signal, the signal of signal acquisition unit output
Multiplying is done with the signal source for being equipped with frequency conversion reference signal, high frequency multiplication signal component is filtered out, retains difference frequency signal component, obtain
The amplitude and phase information of measured signal, then module is sent to the first display module, the first display module by wireless communication
Show the frequency spectrum of electromagnetic wave；
Step 4: ultraviolet detection module front end filter system receiving device electric discharge generate ultraviolet light and this time that filter
Photomultiplier tube is sent to after light, photomultiplier tube converts optical signals to voltage signal, and is input to second signal processing mould
In block, after the amplification of one stage signal amplifying circuit, handled respectively through pulse discriminator circuit and A/D conversion circuit, then distinguish
It carries out step-by-step counting and module is sent to single-chip microcontroller by wireless communication after digital integration processing, data are carried out by single-chip microcontroller
Reason, discharge gage number are shown on the second display module.
The electrion experiment porch includes discharge module and signal detection module, and discharge module includes sequentially connected
Pressure regulator, 50kV testing transformer, pressure resistance 10kV insulator chain, signal detection module includes planar spiral winding and oscillography
Device, planar spiral winding are connected with oscillograph.
The present invention is based on the electromagnetic detection methods of RF spectrum analysis to detect equipment electric discharge from the angle of electromagnetic wave, In
Equipment heating defect is managed in advance before being formed, and is combined power failure to maintain equipment to have ample time, is reduced due to handling defect
Bring temporary interruption and its passive situation of service work are realized that lacking for personnel's operation steps on tower or even exempt to step on tower, are made with reducing
Equipment Risk and personnel's operating risk during industry improve the initiative of equipment maintenance work.Present invention can apply to transmit electricity
The status assessment of line discharge, estimates the service life of route, and finds potential risk, to guarantee that power system stability power supply mentions
For ensureing, the failure occurred by transmission line of electricity hidden danger is reduced, loss had both been reduced, and had in turn ensured power supply.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the principle of the present invention block diagram.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of electrion platform of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under that premise of not paying creative labor
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of electromagnetic wave detection device of the transmission line of electricity corona discharge based on unmanned plane, including unmanned plane
1, RF detection module 3, ultraviolet detection module 2 and host computer 4, unmanned plane 1 are connected with remote controler 5, and remote controler 5 passes through infrared
Technology is used to control the flight path of unmanned plane 1.RF detection module 3 and ultraviolet detection mould are fixed on the bracket of unmanned plane 1
Block 2, host computer 4 are equipped with wireless communication module, single-chip microcontroller, the first display module and the second display module, RF detection module 3
Module is connected with the first display module by wireless communication；The ultraviolet detection module 2 module and monolithic by wireless communication
Machine is connected, and single-chip microcontroller is connected with the second display module.Wireless communication module can be WiFi wireless communication.Radio frequency detects mould
Block 3 carries out detection and spectrum analysis to the equipment electric discharge on transmission line of electricity, finally realizes corona discharge according to spectrum distribution rule
Type identification and quantitative analysis, module is shown in the first display module by wireless communication.Ultraviolet detection module 2 carries out electric power
The ultraviolet pulse number that paradoxical discharge signal excites within the unit time is passed through channel radio by the detection of unit exception electric discharge phenomena
It is shown on the second display module after letter module transfer and single-chip microcontroller processing.
As shown in Fig. 2, RF detection module 3 includes signal acquisition unit and the first signal processing module, signal acquisition list
Member includes helical antenna 31, passive filter and preamplifier, and one end of RF detection module 3 is arranged in helical antenna 31,
Helical antenna 31 is connected with passive filter, and passive filter is connected with preamplifier, preamplifier and the first letter
Number processing module.Helical antenna 31 is used to receive the weak electromagnetic wave of corona discharge generation, and passive filter is used to wiping out background
Noise signal, preamplifier realizes the amplification of small-signal, to realize subsequent detection.
First signal processing module includes signal source, the first multiplier, the second multiplier, first filter, the second filtering
Device, the first analog-digital converter, the second analog-digital converter and adder, the preamplifier and signal source of RF detection module 3 are equal
It is connected with the first multiplier, the first multiplier is connected with first filter, first filter and the first analog-digital converter phase
Connection obtains signal X；It is connected with the second multiplier after 90 ° of signal source phase shift with the preamplifier of RF detection module 3,
Second multiplier is connected with second filter, and second filter is connected to obtain signal Y with the second analog-digital converter；Signal X
It is connected with adder with signal Y, module is connected adder with the first display module by wireless communication.
First signal processing module is the core component of electromagnetic testing system, in order to realize the acquisition of high-frequency signal, first
Signal processing module is measured using phase sensitivity relevant measurement method, i.e., by the signal exported from signal acquisition unit and specifically
Reference signal does multiplying, filters out high frequency multiplication signal component, retains difference frequency signal component, obtains the amplitude and phase of measured signal
Position information.It, will using frequency conversion derived reference signal in order to measure the electromagnetic wave signal in certain frequency range of several hundred MHz or so
Its work realizes the measurement of multiple frequency signals in frequency sweep mode.First display module then includes user's visualized operation
The display and storage of interface and real time detection signal, provide good human-computer interaction interface, engineer are facilitated to use.
Transmission line of electricity corona discharge can generate the pulse electromagnetic wave of radio frequency, and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is in several hundred MHz or so.It adopts
What is measured when with Electromagnetic Wave Detection pulse current is the component of each different frequency of the radiation field, according to different frequency
Amplitude is superimposed to form complete radiation field distribution.This thinking can actually be expressed as Fourier transformation, i.e., will be put by corona
The pulse current that electricity generates carries out Fourier transformation and obtains its spectrum distribution.But in non-contact detecting, it is unable to measure corona
The pulse current of electric discharge can only measure the impulse electric field that corona discharge is established in space, need using wide band helical antenna
The electromagnetic field signal of different frequency is received, and is analyzed by subsequent signal processing.
Corona discharge has wider spectrum distribution range, at most can achieve the frequency separation of 1.5GHz, corona energy
Main distribution concentrate on 1GHz and following.The selection of the test frequency range of corona discharge detection has biggish space, but
If the more wide in range test frequency range of selection bandwidth, will improve the possibility of interference signal introducing, therefore should choose electromagnetic interference compared with
Small measurement frequency range.Because the amplitude of corona discharge signal and interference signal all has biggish randomness, frequency range is measured choosing
When not with signal amplitude reference frame as a filter, and using spectrum distribution as basis for selecting.In order to determine suitable measurement
Frequency range is selected using 50MHz as the different filters of stepping, and the corona signal for being 0 to 1GHz to frequency range measures record
With analysis, experimental site should be selected near high-voltage transmission line pole tower.When being tested, using 50MHz as starting point, with
50MHz is as step-length, noise signal when constantly carrying out experimental record discharge off and signal when having electric discharge, until by 1GHz
All frequency band Complete tests below are complete.Analysis and arrangement is carried out to experimental data obtained, finds frequency where interference signal
Section, then choose the frequency range that signal distributions are not interfered within 1GHz.
Since the electromagnetic pulse signal that corona discharge generates covers wider frequency band, the present invention uses helical antenna.Spiral
There are many antennas, comprising: cylinder helical antenna, flat helical antenna and conical spiral antenna etc..UAV system helical antenna from
Discharge source is relatively close (< 5m), detection be transmission line of electricity electric discharge when near field electromagnetic wave signal, rather than traditional antenna is examined
The magnetic field in measuring power supply far-field region.In order to which antenna detection signal is stronger, spectrum distribution more regularly, needs to find suitable spiral day
Cable architecture can only be optimized by the magnetic distribution situation in simulation calculation antenna near-field area, can also be found by experiment
The helical antenna induction field of which kind of structure is stronger, measurement effect is more preferable, and optimizes coil dimension parameter and obtain detection signal
Strongest antenna structure.Meanwhile in order to mitigate the load of unmanned plane, the helical structure antenna of design should require it is light and handy portable, because
This size should not be too large.
Corona discharge signal and noise signal amplitude distribution randomness are stronger, can only be filtered out and be made an uproar by the selection of measurement frequency range
Acoustical signal.The electromagnetic pulse signal spectrum distribution that transmission line of electricity corona discharge generates is wider, but environment near outdoor high-pressure tower
Noise is heavier, and noise signal is distributed in different frequency ranges.Near outdoor high-pressure tower, with the filter of different frequency range
Noise is filtered out, the frequency range of the basic distribution-free of noise is found as measurement frequency range, and carry out corona discharge experiment in screened room, tests
Card chooses the correctness of measurement frequency range.
The electromagnetic impulse signal that corona discharge generates is faint high-frequency signal, it is therefore desirable to detect antenna with higher
Gain and directionality.Especially in field on-site test, corona discharge spectrum distribution is wider, and there is a large amount of extraneous electricity
Magnetic disturbance signal, it is therefore desirable to which antenna has good bandpass filtering performance and higher signal-to-noise ratio.In order to cover corona
Discharge the major electromagnetic wave frequency band generated, using helical antenna, while in order to improve the receiving efficiency of antenna, enhances orientation-sensitive
Property, it is also necessary to specific structure and size of the optimization design in antenna.The frequency spectrum detection of high-frequency circuit, with traditional low frequency signal frequency
Spectrum detection is entirely different, and traditional low-frequency signal is sampled by high-speed AD converter, then carries out digital fourier transformation, can obtain
To its spectrum distribution.Present invention radio frequency signal frequency to be treated is several hundred MHz or so, if being considered with ten times of sample rate,
The high-speed AD converter of GHz or more sample rate is just needed, and the radiofrequency signal noise of helical antenna output is relatively low, at least
The analog-digital converter for needing 12 or more can not be achieved sampling with high precision, therefore under the sample frequency of such high speed
Traditional spectrum analysis scheme is infeasible.How to realize that the frequency spectrum detection of corona discharge signal medium-high frequency wideband component is this project
One of difficult point of research.
RF detection module 3 reflects the power of corona discharge with electromagnetic wave that corona discharge generates, has very wide inspection
Measuring tape is wide, it can be found that wide band paradoxical discharge signal helps to improve event so as to provide richer resolution information
The diagnosis accuracy of barrier；It realizes that transmission line of electricity risk management and control is preposition and personnel's operating risk reduces using unmanned plane as platform, has
High maneuverability and farther away detecting distance, can be manipulated on ground, ensure the safety of operating personnel.
Ultraviolet detection module 2 includes sensor module and second signal processing module, and sensor module includes that front end is filtered
System and photomultiplier tube, front end filter system are connected with photomultiplier tube, and front end filter system is for receiving ultraviolet light spoke
It penetrates.Photomultiplier tube is connected with second signal processing module；The second signal processing module includes one stage signal amplification electricity
Road, secondary filtering and amplifying circuit, A/D conversion circuit and pulse discriminator circuit, photomultiplier tube and one stage signal amplifying circuit phase
Connection, one stage signal amplifying circuit are connected with secondary filtering and amplifying circuit, pulse discriminator circuit respectively, secondary amplification filtered electrical
Road is connected with A/D conversion circuit, and module is connected with single-chip microcontroller by wireless communication for pulse discriminator circuit and A/D conversion circuit
It connects.
Single-chip microcontroller is connected with keyboard, buzzer, memory and serial ports respectively.Single-chip microcontroller is high-performance microprocessor
C8051F020, memory are 64K external RAM, keep running space bigger, function expansibility is stronger.Keyboard is based on switch pulse
Number operation is operated with digital integration.
Ultraviolet detection module 2 further includes power module, power module high voltage power supply and circuit power supply unit, high voltage power supply with
Photomultiplier tube is connected, and high voltage power supply drives photomultiplier tube work；Circuit power supply unit and second signal processing module phase
Connection is that one stage signal amplifying circuit therein, secondary filtering and amplifying circuit, A/D conversion circuit and pulse discriminator circuit carry out
Power supply.
A kind of electromagnetic wave detecting method of the transmission line of electricity corona discharge based on unmanned plane, its step are as follows:
Step 1: using 50MHz as the different filters of stepping, by electrion experiment porch to frequency range be 0 to
The corona signal of 1GHz measures record and analysis, finds frequency range where interference signal, then choose and do not interfere within 1GHz
The frequency range of signal distributions is as frequency conversion reference signal；Frequency conversion reference signal is arranged in signal source.
As shown in figure 3, electrion experiment porch includes discharge module and signal detection module, discharge module includes successively
The pressure regulator of connection, 50kV testing transformer, pressure resistance 10kV insulator chain, signal detection module include planar spiral winding and
Oscillograph, planar spiral winding are connected with oscillograph.
When experiment, pressure regulator boosting is adjusted until insulator nearby " whistling " sound to discharge occurs, voltage is 38kV at this time,
Detection part starts to detect discharge signal.Near 110kV high-pressure tower, using broad-band antenna biconical antenna (20MHz~
1000MHz) test the noise signal of corona discharge.Biconical antenna is directly accessed oscilloscope display time domain, frequency domain after receiving signal
Signal waveform.
Step 2: RF detection module 3 and ultraviolet detection module 2 are fixed on unmanned plane 1, by remote controler 5 by nothing
Man-machine to be moved near power transmission line near equipment to be detected, RF detection module 3 and ultraviolet detection module 2 are realized to equipment
Discharge examination.
Step 3: the helical antenna of RF detection module is used to receive the weak electromagnetic wave of corona discharge generation, passive filter
Wave device is used to wiping out background noise signal, and preamplifier realizes the amplification of small-signal, the signal of signal acquisition unit output
Multiplying is done with the signal source for being equipped with frequency conversion reference signal, high frequency multiplication signal component is filtered out, retains difference frequency signal component, obtain
The amplitude and phase information of measured signal, then module is sent to the first display module, the first display module by wireless communication
Show the frequency spectrum of electromagnetic wave.
RF detection module realizes spectrum analysis using phase sensitivity measurement of correlation, and basic principle is: assuming that known electromagnetism to be measured
Wave signal frequency carries out analogue multiplication with the unit sinusoidal reference signal of same frequency by collected signal after filter and amplification
Related operation filters out in multiplication correlated results and frequency component, only samples to the difference frequency component in correlated results, thus
Realize the low-frequency sampling measurement of high-frequency signal；Meanwhile also measured signal and the unit cosine reference signal with frequency being carried out
Analogue multiplication related operation only samples the difference frequency component in correlated results.It can restore quilt completely by aforesaid operations
The amplitude and phase information for surveying signal, can restore measured signal in conjunction with the frequency of reference signal.In actual test, it is also necessary to
High frequency reference signal source is designed, signal source in the possible frequency range of corona discharge gradually believe by the different reference of output frequency
Number, above-mentioned phase sensitivity measurement of correlation is carried out at each measurement frequency point, can finally obtain the radio spectrum point of corona discharge
Cloth.
Step 4: ultraviolet detection module front end filter system receiving device electric discharge generate ultraviolet light and this time that filter
Photomultiplier tube is sent to after light, photomultiplier tube converts optical signals to voltage signal, and is input to second signal processing mould
In block, after the amplification of one stage signal amplifying circuit, handled respectively through pulse discriminator circuit and A/D conversion circuit, then carry out
Step-by-step counting operation and digital integration operate, and then module is sent to single-chip microcontroller by wireless communication, carries out data by single-chip microcontroller
Processing, discharge gage number are shown on the second display module.
The present invention reduces Daily Round Check numbers and replacement number, can be used as a kind of foreseeability preservation & testing means, reduce
Periodic maintenance and operational inspection, find defect in time, take corrective measure.It checks, daily on-line checking method, stop for example, having a power failure
Therefore the expense of electric test, maintenance, forced outage, replacement etc. can all be reduced.Transmission facility (such as insulator) operation
Mode is gradually transitioned into specific aim replacement by original periodic replacement, and the number of corresponding integral replacing insulator is also just reduced
.Task to daily tour can simplify using this clearly demarcated detection device, reduce the workload of operations staff, another party
Face, taking preventive measures in time before insulator breaks down after also avoiding failure may generate system operation mode
It seriously affects, this all reduces the operating cost of electric system.The polling period of insulator or replacement cycle arrive adjustable
Longer time interval, greatly reduces human and material resources and financial resources.
The present invention can have found the operational defect on transmission line of electricity early, lack to find operational defect as early as possible and replacing in time
Sunken equipment provides guidance, thus can be reduced power failure and unnecessary electric quantity loss, improve power supply reliability, also can avoid to
Family because power failure and power plant power transmission interrupt etc. brought by directly or indirectly economic loss.Especially as medical treatment, smelting, change
The emphasis power consumer such as work, mining industry has very strict requirement for the reliability of power supply.So if can utilize
Effective technological means, eliminates the hidden trouble in advance, for above-mentioned emphasis power consumer, it will effectively improve economic benefit
And social benefit；
Utilization of the invention reduces interruption maintenance number therewith, and can find operational defect in time, instructs electric power
Department replaces defective part in time, improves the power supply reliability of entire electric system.The present invention is configured into transmission of electricity
Line status detection department becomes conventional detection means, and specific promote can carry out pilot on the transmission line of electricity of this power supply bureau
Using constantly improve middle accumulation data, and then be generalized to entire power transmission network level.The present invention will directly apply to transmission line of electricity and put
The status assessment of electricity, estimates the defect rank of route, and find potential risk, to guarantee that power system stability power supply provides guarantor
Barrier.Therefore, the most direct benefit of the present invention is exactly to reduce the failure occurred by transmission line of electricity hidden danger, has not only reduced loss, but also
It ensure that power supply.
The real-time and continuous monitoring to transmission line of electricity operating status may be implemented in the present invention, is conducive to understand power transmission line in time
The existing working condition on road, is not only ensured the safe operation of route, but also its Acceptable life also increases, excellent
Change equipment investment.
By taking insulator as an example, recently as domestic manufacturing development, the investment of insulator is increasing, and insulator is not
It is closely related with the corona discharge of degree and its performance.Due to be difficult to judge in the past the operating status of insulator and its whether can
It enough continues to run, often the insulator of whole route is replaced together, leads to the insulator that largely can continue to safe operation
It is replaced, causes a large amount of waste of material and economic loss.The present invention can be exhausted by the feature evaluation of insulator corona discharge
The runnability of edge then can accomplish that targetedly replacement can not rerun exhausted to avoid the generation of such case
Edge has accomplished the maximization of equipment investment benefit.
Because unplanned outage or failure stoppage in transit often mean that equipment damage, personal safety be on the hazard, social influence
Badly, cost is very expensive, and the present invention optimizes scrap build, and equipment damage, line outage threaten the things such as life safety
Therefore incidence will also reduce, and help to improve corporate image and social degree of belief.
The present invention by being detected using UAV flight's device for detecting corona discharge to transmission line of electricity corona discharge, from
Ultraviolet electromagnetic wave bands detection different with radio frequency two.The ultraviolet day-old chick wave band of ultraviolet detection module detection corona discharge
(240nm-280nm, i.e. 1200THz or so), RF detection module detect the high-frequency radio frequency wave band (230MHz- of corona discharge
280MHz), result is electric discharge counting, electromagnetic spectrum.The present invention by wireless communication module formed telemeasurement corona
Discharge examination equipment realizes the intelligence of miniaturization, lightweight and the diagnosis of detection device.Equipment can mention before generating heating defect
The detection device of preceding control, with timely tracking equipment risk, having the initiative in hands property, realization steps on tower less or even exempts to step on tower, reduces equipment
Risk and personnel's operating risk.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electromagnetic wave detecting method of the transmission line of electricity corona discharge based on unmanned plane, which is characterized in that its step are as follows:
Step 1: being 0 to 1GHz to frequency range by electrion experiment porch using 50MHz as the different filters of stepping
Corona signal measure record and analysis, find frequency range where interference signal, then choose and do not interfere with signal within 1GHz
The frequency range of distribution is as frequency conversion reference signal；Frequency conversion reference signal is arranged in signal source；
Step 2: RF detection module (3) and ultraviolet detection module (2) are fixed on unmanned plane (1), are passed through remote controler (5)
Unmanned plane is moved near power transmission line near equipment to be detected；
Step 3: the helical antenna (31) of RF detection module (3) is used to receive the weak electromagnetic wave of corona discharge generation, passive
Filter is used to wiping out background noise signal, and preamplifier realizes the amplification of small-signal, the letter of signal acquisition unit output
Number multiplying is done with the signal source for being equipped with frequency conversion reference signal, filters out high frequency multiplication signal component, retain difference frequency signal component, obtain
The amplitude and phase information of measured signal are obtained, then module is sent to the first display module, the first display mould by wireless communication
Block shows the frequency spectrum of electromagnetic wave；
Step 4: ultraviolet detection module (2) front end filter system receiving device electric discharge generate ultraviolet light and optical filtering after transmit
To photomultiplier tube, photomultiplier tube converts optical signals to voltage signal, and is input in second signal processing module, passes through
After the amplification of one stage signal amplifying circuit, handled respectively through pulse discriminator circuit and A/D conversion circuit, then carry out pulsimeter respectively
Module is sent to single-chip microcontroller by wireless communication after several processing with digital integration, carries out data processing by single-chip microcontroller, electric discharge counts
It is shown on the second display module；
It is realized using following electromagnetic wave detection device, electromagnetic wave detection device includes unmanned plane (1), RF detection module (3), purple
Outer detection module (2) and host computer (4), unmanned plane (1) are connected with remote controler (5), are fixed with and penetrate on the bracket of unmanned plane (1)
Frequency detection module (3) and ultraviolet detection module (2), host computer (4) are equipped with wireless communication module, single-chip microcontroller, the first display mould
Block and the second display module, module is connected RF detection module (3) with the first display module by wireless communication；It is described ultraviolet
Module is connected detection module (2) with single-chip microcontroller by wireless communication, and single-chip microcontroller is connected with the second display module.
2. the electromagnetic wave detecting method of the transmission line of electricity corona discharge according to claim 1 based on unmanned plane, feature
It is, the electrion experiment porch includes discharge module and signal detection module, and discharge module includes sequentially connected tune
Depressor, 50kV testing transformer, pressure resistance 10kV insulator chain, signal detection module includes planar spiral winding and oscillograph,
Planar spiral winding is connected with oscillograph.
3. the electromagnetic wave detecting method of the transmission line of electricity corona discharge according to claim 1 based on unmanned plane, feature
It is, the RF detection module (3) includes signal acquisition unit and the first signal processing module, and signal acquisition unit includes spiral shell
Antenna (31), passive filter and preamplifier are revolved, helical antenna (31) is arranged in one end of RF detection module (3), spiral shell
Rotation antenna (31) is connected with passive filter, and passive filter is connected with preamplifier, preamplifier and the first letter
Number processing module.
4. the electromagnetic wave detecting method of the transmission line of electricity corona discharge according to claim 3 based on unmanned plane, feature
It is, first signal processing module includes signal source, the first multiplier, the second multiplier, first filter, the second filtering
Device, the first analog-digital converter, the second analog-digital converter and adder, the preamplifier and signal source of RF detection module (3)
It is connected with the first multiplier, the first multiplier is connected with first filter, first filter and the first analog-digital converter
It is connected to obtain signal X；After 90 ° of signal source phase shift and the preamplifier of RF detection module (3) with the second multiplier phase
Connection, the second multiplier are connected with second filter, and second filter is connected to obtain signal Y with the second analog-digital converter；
Signal X and signal Y are connected with adder, and module is connected adder with the first display module by wireless communication.
5. the electromagnetic wave detecting method of the transmission line of electricity corona discharge according to claim 1 based on unmanned plane, feature
It is, the ultraviolet detection module (2) includes sensor module and second signal processing module, and sensor module includes front end filter
Photosystem and photomultiplier tube, front end filter system are connected with photomultiplier tube, and photomultiplier tube and second signal handle mould
Block is connected；The second signal processing module includes one stage signal amplifying circuit, secondary filtering and amplifying circuit, A/D conversion electricity
Road and pulse discriminator circuit, photomultiplier tube are connected with one stage signal amplifying circuit, one stage signal amplifying circuit respectively with it is secondary
Grade filtering and amplifying circuit, pulse discriminator circuit are connected, and secondary filtering and amplifying circuit is connected with A/D conversion circuit, and pulse is discriminated
Module is connected with single-chip microcontroller by wireless communication for other circuit and A/D conversion circuit.
6. the electromagnetic wave detecting method of the transmission line of electricity corona discharge according to claim 5 based on unmanned plane, feature
It is, the single-chip microcontroller is connected with keyboard, buzzer, memory and serial ports respectively.
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