CN107829887B - Wind power blade icing monitoring and self-adaptive deicing integrated system and method - Google Patents
Wind power blade icing monitoring and self-adaptive deicing integrated system and method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind power blade icing monitoring and self-adaptive deicing integrated system and method. The upper computer is connected with the multichannel signal control and processing module, the multichannel signal control and processing module is connected with the input ends of the monitoring transducer array and the deicing transducer array which are arranged on the wind power blade through the power amplification module, the output ends of the two arrays are connected with the pre-amplification module, the pre-amplification module is connected with the multichannel signal control and processing module, and the time sequence control unit is respectively connected with the multichannel excitation signal generation unit and the multichannel echo signal processing unit; the transducer array generates ultrasonic guided waves to the wind turbine blade, and echo signals are received by the transducer array, processed by the pre-amplification module and then sent to the multi-channel echo processing unit. The invention realizes the quantitative monitoring of the comprehensive information such as the icing position and the icing area of the blade, and performs the active deicing with controllable intensity and settable area, so that the deicing and the anti-icing are more efficient, energy-saving and intelligent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic guided wave nondestructive testing and power guided wave application in new energy industry, and particularly relates to a system and a method for wind power blade icing monitoring and self-adaptive deicing integration.
Background
The wind energy reserves in China are rich, but wind resources are mainly distributed in cold northern, high-altitude and coastal areas, the wind speed is increased by about 0.1m/s when the wind speed is increased by 100 meters at the altitude of more than 1000 meters according to statistics, and icing becomes the biggest problem affecting the running efficiency and safety of a fan in the high-altitude and cold areas. The wind power blade icing can change the external shape and aerodynamic performance of the blade, increase the blade resistance, reduce the lift force, influence the operability and stability of the whole machine, finally reduce the conversion efficiency of wind energy, lead to unbalanced units due to blade icing, and lead to easy overload due to increased load; when icing is serious, the machine set has to be shut down after being disconnected from the net, otherwise, blades can be broken, and serious safety accidents such as spontaneous combustion and even collapse of the machine set can be caused. Currently, the method for monitoring icing of wind power blades and self-adaptively deicing has great significance.
Common methods for monitoring icing of wind power blades include an optical imaging method, an electrothermal method, a capacitance method and the like. The detection technology based on the single sensor has obvious defects on the wind power blade, and firstly, a large-range detection blind area exists due to the non-uniformity of the icing of the wind power blade and the limited number of the sensors; secondly, because of the location where many sensors are mounted on the outer surface in direct contact with the ice layer, this can affect the aerodynamic performance of the structure. Common methods for deicing wind power blades include a freezing point inhibition method, a hot melting method, a surface deformation method and the like. These methods have respective disadvantages, and may damage wind power blades or pollute the environment. Therefore, developing a simple, efficient, low-cost and integrated method and system capable of achieving icing monitoring and self-adaptive deicing of wind power blades becomes one of the hot spots of current research.
The guided wave has the advantages of long propagation distance, sensitivity to defects, single-point excitation, small attenuation, large energy and the like, so that the guided wave is suitable for icing monitoring and deicing of wind power blades. However, the research on wind power blade ultrasonic guided wave nondestructive testing technology in China is less at present. The invention patent of patent publication No. CN104458910A, a nondestructive testing method for bonding defects of a wind turbine blade shell and a web plate, proposes to use ultrasonic guided waves to detect the defect of lack of adhesive in the bonding process of the wind turbine blade shell and the web plate. However, since the icing monitoring and the defect detection are not the same, the energy of the defect detection is far from realizing the purpose of deicing, so that the method is not suitable for the integration of icing monitoring and deicing. Wang Peng et al at Harbin university of industry propose a method for detecting icing of wind power blades using Lamb waves in the ultrasonic guided wave method-based fan blade icing detection, however Lamb waves have dispersion and detection signals have distortion. Lamb wave energy in the composite material is seriously leaked, the propagation distance is not long, the composite material is not suitable for large-scale icing detection of wind power blades, and moreover, only a method for detecting icing is provided, and no deep study is carried out on deicing work. The prior art has no detection method and system which are rapid and efficient, accurate in positioning and quick in imaging and can realize integration of icing monitoring and deicing for the icing monitoring and deicing of wind power blades.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the field of ultrasonic guided wave detection of wind power blades, and provides a system and a method for integrating wind power blade icing monitoring and self-adaptive deicing, which are rapid, efficient, accurate in positioning and rapid in imaging, and realize integration of icing monitoring and deicing by utilizing magnetostrictive phased array SH guided waves.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
1. wind-powered electricity generation blade icing monitoring and self-adaptation deicing integrated system:
the system comprises an upper computer, a power amplification module, a monitoring transducer array, a deicing transducer array, a wind power blade, a pre-amplification module and a multichannel signal control and processing module, wherein the multichannel signal control and processing module comprises a multichannel excitation signal generation unit, a multichannel echo signal processing unit and a time sequence control unit;
the wind power blade is provided with a monitoring transducer array and a deicing transducer array, the upper computer is connected with a multichannel signal control and processing module, a multichannel excitation signal generating unit in the multichannel signal control and processing module is connected with a power amplifying module, and the power amplifying module is respectively connected with the input ends of the monitoring transducer array and the deicing transducer array which are arranged on the wind power blade; the output ends of the monitoring transducer array and the deicing transducer array are connected with a pre-amplifying module, the pre-amplifying module is connected with a multi-channel echo signal processing unit in the multi-channel signal control and processing module, the multi-channel echo processing unit is connected with an upper computer, and the time sequence control unit is respectively connected with a multi-channel excitation signal generating unit and a multi-channel echo signal processing unit.
The multi-channel excitation signal generation unit sends excitation signals which are amplified by the power amplification module and then are input into the monitoring transducer array and the deicing transducer array, the monitoring transducer array and the deicing transducer array are respectively controlled to generate ultrasonic guided waves to the wind turbine blade, echo signals of the wind turbine blade are received by the monitoring transducer array and the deicing transducer array, are processed by the pre-amplification module and then are sent to the multi-channel echo processing unit, and then are sent to the upper computer; the time sequence control unit adjusts the time sequence of the excitation signal sent by the multichannel excitation signal generating unit and the echo signal received by the multichannel echo processing unit.
The ultrasonic guided wave is a magnetostrictive phased array SH guided wave.
The monitoring transducer array and the deicing transducer array are both arranged on the inner side of the wind power blade skin layer or the upper surface and the lower surface of the wind power blade inner cavity or the combination of the two: the wind power blade is divided into a plurality of sections of areas along the length direction of the wind power blade, deicing transducer arrays are arranged in each section of area at intervals along the direction of the rib plates, the deicing transducer arrays are formed, and a circle of monitoring transducers are arranged at the edge of each section of area, so that the monitoring transducer arrays are formed.
The inner sides of the cover layers above and below the wind power blade or the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner cavity of the wind power blade or the combination of the two are provided with a monitoring transducer array and a deicing transducer array.
The deicing transducer array is arranged on one side or two sides of a rib plate of the wind power blade.
In the monitoring transducer array, two rows of monitoring transducers perpendicular to the length direction of the wind power blade are combined into one row at the edges of adjacent edges between adjacent areas.
The monitoring transducer array and the deicing transducer array cannot be arranged randomly on the wind power blade, and the monitoring transducer array and the deicing transducer array must be arranged at the positions to realize integration of monitoring and deicing.
In specific implementation, the monitoring transducer array adopts an on-chip phased array magnetostrictive guided wave transducer.
The deicing transducer array adopts a multi-layer stacked magnetostrictive thin sheet structure, so that the total output strain is multiple times of that of a single sheet of material. The number of layers is the same as the number of multiples.
2. A wind power blade icing monitoring and self-adaptive deicing integrated method comprises the following steps:
step one: arranging a monitoring transducer array;
step two: each time, monitoring is carried out by taking one monitoring transducer in the monitoring transducer array as an excitation source in each section of area, and the monitoring transducers are traversed to obtain a plurality of monitoring processes, wherein n is received in total in each section of area 2 A signal, n is the total number of monitoring transducers in the monitoring transducer array, and is represented by n 2 The signals form an original acquisition data matrix S of the section area;
step three: repeating the second step to obtain the original acquisition data matrix S of each segment area j J=1, 2,3, …, m, m is the number of divided areas;
step four: under the condition that the wind power blade has no icing defect, a tomography method is adopted to perform original acquisition data matrix S of each region j Performing data processing to obtain standard sampling data and a two-dimensional distribution diagram thereof;
step five: under the condition that the wind power blade has icing defects, a tomography method is adopted in real time to acquire an original data matrix S of each region j Performing data processing to obtain real-time monitoring data and a two-dimensional distribution diagram thereof;
step six: comparing the two-dimensional distribution map of the real-time monitoring data with the two-dimensional distribution map of the standard sampling data to find the icing defect position;
step seven: arranging deicing transducer arrays, controlling the amplitude and the excitation time delay of ultrasonic guided waves emitted by each deicing transducer, enabling the ultrasonic guided waves emitted by each deicing transducer array to be overlapped at the maximum at the icing defect position towards the icing region position, namely enabling the ultrasonic guided waves emitted by each deicing transducer to reach the icing defect position at the same time, enabling the ultrasonic guided wave power formed at the icing defect position to be maximum, realizing focusing of guided wave acoustic beams, achieving the purposes of increasing shear stress and improving guided wave action power, and carrying out deicing work;
in the implementation, a coordinate system is established by taking one end of a middle rib plate on the upper surface and the lower surface of the wind power blade as an origin, the coordinates of the deicing transducer array position arranged in the direction of the rib plate are recorded, and then the deicing transducer is arranged at the set position.
Step eight: and repeating the first step to the sixth step after deicing, and obtaining a new icing defect position as a residual ice area position, so as to compare monitoring data before and after deicing and evaluate deicing effects. When the requirements are not met, the delay time of each deicing transducer is readjusted, so that the sent ultrasonic guided wave deflects towards the position of the residual ice area, deicing operation is conducted again on the position of the residual ice area until no icing meets the requirements, and therefore active control of the deicing area and deicing intensity is achieved.
In the second step, each monitoring process specifically includes:
1) The ultrasonic guided wave signal is two paths of sinusoidal electric signals with four periods modulated by a Hanning window, and other parameters of the two paths of sinusoidal electric signals are consistent except for 90 degrees of phase difference, so that the excited guided wave components which are reversely propagated in the transmitting direction of a probe of the monitoring transducer are mutually offset, and the guided wave components which are positively propagated in the transmitting direction are coherently overlapped, thereby achieving the purpose of directional control;
2) All monitoring transducers (including the monitoring transducers generating ultrasonic guided wave signals) in the area simultaneously start to receive signals, each monitoring transducer receives two paths of echo signals, and the two paths of echo signals are overlapped together as receiving signals of the monitoring transducers after time sequence control;
3) After each excitation, the monitoring transducer array receives n signals, where n is the total number of monitoring transducers in the monitoring transducer array.
And then replacing the monitoring transducers for generating ultrasonic guided wave signals, and exciting the ultrasonic guided wave signals by traversing other monitoring transducers.
According to the invention, the horizontal shear wave is used for carrying out icing monitoring and deicing integrated work on the wind power blade, specifically, SH guided wave transducer arrays are embedded into the inner side of a skin layer of the wind power blade or are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of an inner cavity of the wind power blade or are combined with each other, and the transducer arrays are utilized to excite low-frequency (20 KHz-250 KHz) zero-order horizontal shear waves on the surface of the skin layer or the inner cavity of the wind power blade, so that the horizontal shear waves interact with defects to generate echo waves and transmission waves. And after receiving the transmission wave signal by using the transducer array, detecting and imaging by adopting a tomography method to obtain the position and shape information of the icing region. And correcting the guided wave sound velocity to calculate the delay time according to the difference of the sound velocity of the elastic wave propagating in the anisotropic material, and superposing the ultrasonic guided wave in the icing region position by controlling the amplitude and the excitation time delay of each deicing transducer so as to realize the focusing of the guided wave sound beam and achieve the purposes of increasing the shear stress and improving the guided wave action power.
Compared with the existing detection method, the invention has the advantages that:
firstly, the implementation of the method can realize the integrated operation of icing monitoring and deicing, so that the deicing and anti-icing are actively changed from passive to free from the limitation of blades and complex areas;
secondly, the invention makes deicing more efficient and reduces energy consumption, and the ice measurement and deicing integrated method fully plays the characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves with sensing and driving, and embodies the characteristics of high efficiency, energy saving and intelligence;
thirdly, the operation efficiency of the imaging algorithm used by the invention is far faster than that of a common guided wave time domain imaging algorithm, and the invention meets the actual detection work requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-channel monitoring system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the zonal division and overall arrangement of the transducer array of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged mounting of a transducer array of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of icing detection and de-icing of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the detection signals before and after icing of a single transducer in an area not iced in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of detection signals before and after icing of a single transducer in an icing zone of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a two-dimensional imaging of an iced region in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises an upper computer, a multichannel excitation signal generating unit, a power amplifying module, a monitoring transducer array, a deicing transducer array, a wind power blade, a pre-amplifying module, a multichannel echo signal processing unit, a timing control unit, a multichannel signal control and processing module, a first area, a second area, a third area and a third area, wherein the upper computer, the multichannel excitation signal generating unit, the power amplifying module, the monitoring transducer array, the deicing transducer array, the wind power blade, the pre-amplifying module, the multichannel echo signal processing unit, the timing control unit, the multichannel echo signal control and processing module and the timing sequence control unit are respectively arranged in sequence and are respectively arranged in sequence, and the multichannel echo signal control and processing module and the first area, the second area and the third area are respectively arranged in sequence.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the system implementation of the present invention includes a host computer 1, a power amplification module 3, a monitoring transducer array 4, a deicing transducer array 5, a wind power blade 6, a pre-amplification module 7, and a multi-channel signal control and processing module 10, where the multi-channel signal control and processing module 10 includes a multi-channel excitation signal generation unit 2, a multi-channel echo signal processing unit 8, and a timing control unit 9.
As shown in fig. 1, a monitoring transducer array 4 and a deicing transducer array 5 are arranged on a wind power blade 6, an upper computer 1 is connected with a multi-channel signal control and processing module 10, a multi-channel excitation signal generation unit 2 in the multi-channel signal control and processing module 10 is connected with a power amplification module 3, and the power amplification module 3 is respectively connected with input ends of the monitoring transducer array 4 and the deicing transducer array 5 which are arranged on the wind power blade 6; the output ends of the monitoring transducer array 4 and the deicing transducer array 5 are connected with a pre-amplifying module 7, the pre-amplifying module 7 is connected with a multi-channel echo signal processing unit 8 in a multi-channel signal control and processing module 10, the multi-channel echo processing unit 8 is connected with the upper computer 1, and a time sequence control unit 9 is respectively connected with the multi-channel excitation signal generating unit 2 and the multi-channel echo signal processing unit 8.
The multichannel excitation signal generating unit 2 sends excitation signals which are amplified by the power amplifying module 3 and then input into the monitoring transducer array 4 and the deicing transducer array 5, the monitoring transducer array 4 and the deicing transducer array 5 are respectively controlled to generate ultrasonic guided waves to the wind turbine blade, echo signals of the wind turbine blade are received by the monitoring transducer array 4 and the deicing transducer array 5, processed by the pre-amplifying module 7 and then sent to the multichannel echo processing unit 8, and then sent to the upper computer 1; the timing control unit 9 performs timing adjustment on the excitation signal sent out by the multichannel excitation signal generation unit 2 and the echo signal received by the multichannel echo processing unit 8.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the monitoring transducer array 4 and the deicing transducer array 5 are disposed inside the skin layers of the upper and lower surfaces of the wind power blade or on the upper and lower surfaces of the wind power blade cavity: the wind power blade is divided into a plurality of sections along the length direction thereof, the number of the sections is determined according to the surface area of the wind power blade, and in practice, the sections are divided into three sections, namely a first section 11, a second section 12 and a third section 13, as shown in fig. 2.
In each section of area, deicing transducer arrays are arranged at intervals along the rib plate direction on one side of the rib plate of the wind power blade, so that deicing transducer arrays 5 are formed, and a circle of monitoring transducers are arranged at the edge of each section of area, so that monitoring transducer arrays 4 are formed.
In a specific implementation, the monitoring transducer array 4 adopts an on-chip phased array magnetostrictive guided wave transducer. The invention patent with the acceptance number of 201610359784.6 proposes the magnetostrictive phased array horizontal shearing guided wave transducer, which can realize the accurate control of the output and receiving modes and complete the monitoring work. The deicing transducer array 5 employs a multilayer stacked magnetostrictive sheet structure.
As shown in fig. 4, the invention works by first monitoring that the transducer array collects data without icing in advance as reference data for evaluating the subsequent deicing effect. And starting an icing monitoring system according to the environmental climate conditions, and imaging signals received by the monitoring transducer array by adopting a tomography algorithm, so that an icing area is displayed on the upper computer. And then dividing the icing area into a plurality of small areas according to the areas of monitoring and imaging, measuring the icing position and area size by the areas, and making a deicing strategy. And then starting a high-power deicing transducer array, and carrying out focusing scanning deicing according to the set small area sub-area. And after the deicing of all the small areas is finished, comparing the monitoring data before and after the deicing, and evaluating the deicing effect. When residual ice exists, the residual ice area displayed by the monitoring imaging is divided into small areas again, the small areas are deiced, and the anti-focusing imaging algorithm can be timely adopted, so that the deicing intensity is increased to carry out deicing work. Repeating the operation until the monitoring data before and after deicing are consistent, and stopping the system when the deicing requirement is met.
Step one: arranging a monitoring transducer array 4, and arranging a circle of monitoring transducers at the edge of each section area to form the monitoring transducer array 4;
for each section of area, a rectangular coordinate system is established by taking one vertex of the area as an origin, the position coordinates of each monitoring transducer placed in each rectangular area are recorded, and each monitoring transducer is numbered N in sequence i (i=1, 2,3, …, n, n is the number of monitoring transducers in the array) as a coordinate basis for final defect detection imaging.
Step two: in each section of the area, monitoring is carried out by taking one monitoring transducer in the monitoring transducer array 4 as an excitation source each time, and the monitoring transducers are traversed to obtain a plurality of monitoring processes, wherein n is received in total in each section of the area 2 The number of signals, n, is the total number of monitoring transducers in the monitoring transducer array 4, and is defined by n 2 The signals form an original acquisition data matrix S of the section area;
each monitoring process is specifically as follows:
1) The ultrasonic guided wave signal is two paths of sinusoidal electric signals with four periods modulated by a Hanning window, and other parameters of the two paths of sinusoidal electric signals are consistent except for 90 degrees of phase difference, so that the excited guided wave components which are reversely propagated in the transmitting direction of the probe of the monitoring transducer are mutually offset, and the guided wave components which are positively propagated in the transmitting direction are coherently overlapped, thereby achieving the purpose of direction control;
2) All monitoring transducers (including the monitoring transducers generating ultrasonic guided wave signals) in the area simultaneously start to receive signals, each monitoring transducer receives two paths of echo signals, and the two paths of echo signals are overlapped together as receiving signals of the monitoring transducers after time sequence control;
3) After each excitation, the monitoring transducer array 4 receives n signals, where n is the total number of monitoring transducers in the monitoring transducer array 4.
The guided wave of the selective excitation in the detection is zero-order horizontal shear wave (namely SH0 wave). The SH0 wave was selected because: firstly, SH0 waves are non-dispersive, and the group velocity of the SH0 waves does not change along with the excitation frequency, so that the time domain prolongation of wave packets can not occur in a received signal, the complexity of post signal processing is reduced, and the extraction of useful information in the signal is facilitated; second, SH0 waves have only in-plane displacement relative to Lamb waves, which ensures minimal loss of guided wave energy and increases deicing efficiency.
Step three: repeating the second step to obtain the original acquisition data matrix S of each segment area j J=1, 2,3, …, m, m is the number of divided areas;
the specific implementation divides the wind power blade into j areas, and then the wind power blade is subjected to icing monitoring to collect n altogether 2 X j sets of time domain signals.
Step four: under the condition that the wind power blade has no icing defect, a tomography method is adopted to perform original acquisition data matrix S of each region j Performing data processing to obtain standard sampling data and a two-dimensional distribution diagram thereof;
step five: under the condition that the wind power blade has icing defects, a tomography method is adopted in real time to acquire an original data matrix S of each region j Performing data processing to obtain real-time monitoring data and a two-dimensional distribution diagram thereof;
step six: comparing the two-dimensional distribution map of the real-time monitoring data with the two-dimensional distribution map of the standard sampling data to find the icing defect position;
step seven: the deicing transducer arrays 5 are arranged, and the deicing transducer arrays are arranged at intervals along the rib plate direction on one side of the rib plate of the wind power blade to form the deicing transducer arrays 5.
The amplitude and the excitation time delay of ultrasonic guided waves emitted by each deicing transducer are controlled, so that the ultrasonic guided waves emitted by the deicing transducer array 5 are overlapped at the maximum at the icing defect position towards the icing region position, and deicing work is carried out;
in the implementation, a coordinate system is established by taking one end of a middle rib plate on the upper surface and the lower surface of the wind power blade as an origin, the coordinates of the deicing transducer array position arranged in the direction of the rib plate are recorded, and then the deicing transducer is arranged at the set position.
Step eight: and repeating the steps one to six after deicing operation to obtain a new icing defect position as a residual ice area position, readjusting the delay time of each deicing transducer to deflect the emitted ultrasonic guided wave towards the residual ice area position, and performing deicing operation again on the residual ice area position until no icing meets the requirement, thereby realizing active control of the deicing area and deicing intensity.
In the icing detection process, taking two paths of signals received by two receiving transducers as examples, analyzing the change condition of the signals before and after icing, wherein fig. 5 is a signal received before and after icing of one of the transducers, and analyzing the signals in the graph can find that the reference signal is consistent with the detection signal, so that the area detected by the transducer has no icing phenomenon. Fig. 6 shows signals received before and after icing of another transducer, and analysis of the signals in the graph shows that the detected signals are far smaller than the reference signals, which indicates that icing occurs in the area detected by the transducer. Finally, the upper computer processes the signals received by the transducers by adopting a tomography algorithm, and a two-dimensional distribution map of the icing region can be obtained, as shown in fig. 7.
And for the middle rib plate area, uniformly arranging a one-dimensional array of high-power guided wave deicing transducers according to the requirement. And when the monitoring array finds that icing exists in the monitoring area and confirms the icing position and other relevant information, the deicing transducer array starts working. The fundamental principle of the acoustic beam focusing technology based on the phased array technology is to control delay, so that the same phase exists when the guided wave emitted by each transducer in the transducer group reaches a focusing point, and in-phase superposition of the amplitude of the guided wave is realized. Because the wind power blade plate is made of composite materials and has anisotropy, the phase velocity of the horizontal shearing mode guided wave of the frequency in each emission angle needs to be calculated in advance. After the relative positions of the transducers and the ice layer are determined, the required delay amount of the excitation signal of each transducer can be calculated. For optimal focusing, a window function is also typically used to modulate the excitation signal amplitude. The continuous high-power shear vibration decouples the ice layer from the blade, which eventually breaks away from the blade under centrifugal force during blade rotation. After deicing is completed, the transducer array is monitored to operate again, and a test is performed to confirm whether the ice layer has been completely removed.
Therefore, the invention realizes quantitative monitoring of the comprehensive information such as the icing position and the icing area of the blade, develops an active deicing technology with controllable strength and settable region, and ensures that deicing and anti-icing are more efficient, energy-saving and intelligent.
Claims (8)
1. A wind power blade icing monitoring and self-adaptive deicing integrated method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the system applied by the method comprises an upper computer (1), a power amplification module (3), a monitoring transducer array (4), a deicing transducer array (5), a wind power blade (6), a pre-amplification module (7) and a multi-channel signal control and processing module (10), wherein the multi-channel signal control and processing module (10) comprises a multi-channel excitation signal generation unit (2), a multi-channel echo signal processing unit (8) and a time sequence control unit (9); a monitoring transducer array (4) and a deicing transducer array (5) are arranged on the wind power blade (6), the upper computer (1) is connected with a multichannel signal control and processing module (10), a multichannel excitation signal generation unit (2) in the multichannel signal control and processing module (10) is connected with a power amplification module (3), and the power amplification module (3) is respectively connected with the input ends of the monitoring transducer array (4) and the deicing transducer array (5) which are arranged on the wind power blade (6); the output ends of the monitoring transducer array (4) and the deicing transducer array (5) are connected with a pre-amplifying module (7), the pre-amplifying module (7) is connected with a multi-channel echo signal processing unit (8) in a multi-channel signal control and processing module (10), the multi-channel echo processing unit (8) is connected with the upper computer (1), and a time sequence control unit (9) is respectively connected with the multi-channel excitation signal generating unit (2) and the multi-channel echo signal processing unit (8);
the method comprises the following steps:
step one: -arranging a monitoring transducer array (4);
step two: each time, monitoring is carried out by taking one monitoring transducer in the monitoring transducer array (4) as an excitation source in each section area, and the monitoring transducers are traversed to obtain a plurality of monitoring processes, wherein n is received in total in each section area 2 The signal, n is the monitoring transducerMonitoring the total number of transducers in the array (4), consisting of n 2 The signals form an original acquisition data matrix S of the section area;
step three: repeating the second step to obtain the original acquisition data matrix S of each segment area j J=1, 2,3, …, m, m is the number of divided areas;
step four: under the condition that the wind power blade has no icing defect, a tomography method is adopted to perform original acquisition data matrix S of each region j Performing data processing to obtain standard sampling data and a two-dimensional distribution diagram thereof;
step five: under the condition that the wind power blade has icing defects, a tomography method is adopted in real time to acquire an original data matrix S of each region j Performing data processing to obtain real-time monitoring data and a two-dimensional distribution diagram thereof;
step six: comparing the two-dimensional distribution map of the real-time monitoring data with the two-dimensional distribution map of the standard sampling data to find the icing defect position;
step seven: arranging a deicing transducer array (5), controlling the amplitude and the excitation time delay of ultrasonic guided waves emitted by each deicing transducer, and enabling the ultrasonic guided waves emitted by the deicing transducer array (5) to be overlapped at the maximum at the icing defect position to carry out deicing operation;
step eight: and repeating the steps one to six after deicing operation to obtain a new icing defect position as a residual ice area position, readjusting the delay time of each deicing transducer to deflect the emitted ultrasonic guided wave towards the residual ice area position, and performing deicing operation again on the residual ice area position until no icing meets the requirement, thereby realizing active control of the deicing area and deicing intensity.
2. The method for integrating icing monitoring and adaptive deicing of wind power blades according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, each monitoring process specifically includes:
1) The ultrasonic guided wave signal is two paths of sinusoidal electric signals with four periods modulated by a Hanning window, and other parameters of the two paths of sinusoidal electric signals are consistent except that the phase difference is 90 degrees, so that the excited guided wave components which are reversely propagated in the transmitting direction of the probe of the monitoring transducer are mutually offset, and the guided wave components which are positively propagated in the transmitting direction are coherently overlapped;
2) All monitoring transducers in the area start to receive signals at the same time, each monitoring transducer receives two paths of echo signals, and the two paths of echo signals are overlapped together after time sequence control to be used as receiving signals of the monitoring transducers;
3) After each excitation, the monitoring transducer array (4) receives n signals, wherein n is the total number of monitoring transducers in the monitoring transducer array (4).
3. The method for integrating icing monitoring and adaptive deicing of wind power blades according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the multi-channel excitation signal generation unit (2) sends excitation signals which are amplified by the power amplification module (3) and then input into the monitoring transducer array (4) and the deicing transducer array (5), the monitoring transducer array (4) and the deicing transducer array (5) are respectively controlled to generate ultrasonic guided waves to the wind turbine blade, echo signals of the wind turbine blade are received by the monitoring transducer array (4) and the deicing transducer array (5) and then are processed by the pre-amplification module (7) and then are sent to the multi-channel echo processing unit (8), and then are sent to the upper computer (1); the time sequence control unit (9) adjusts the time sequence of the excitation signal sent by the multichannel excitation signal generation unit (2) and the echo signal received by the multichannel echo processing unit (8).
4. The method for integrating icing monitoring and adaptive deicing of wind power blades according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the monitoring transducer array (4) and the deicing transducer array (5) are both arranged on the inner side of the skin layer of the wind power blade or on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner cavity of the wind power blade or on the combination of the two surfaces: the wind power blade is divided into a plurality of sections of areas along the length direction of the wind power blade, deicing transducer arrays are arranged in each section of area at intervals along the direction of the rib plates, deicing transducer arrays (5) are formed, and a circle of monitoring transducers are arranged at the edge of each section of area, so that a monitoring transducer array (4) is formed.
5. The method for integrating icing monitoring and adaptive deicing of wind power blades according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the deicing transducer array (5) is arranged on one side or two sides of a rib plate of the wind power blade.
6. The method for integrating icing monitoring and adaptive deicing of wind power blades according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the monitoring transducer array (4), two rows of monitoring transducers perpendicular to the length direction of the wind power blade are combined into one row at the edges of adjacent edges between adjacent areas.
7. A method for integrating icing monitoring and adaptive deicing of wind power blades according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by: the monitoring transducer array (4) adopts an on-chip phased array magnetostriction guided wave transducer.
8. A method for integrating icing monitoring and adaptive deicing of wind power blades according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized by: the deicing transducer array (5) adopts a multi-layer stacked magnetostrictive thin sheet structure, so that the total output strain is multiple times of that of a single sheet of material.
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| GB201910709D0 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2019-09-11 | Lm Wind Power As | Wind turbine blade and method for detecting emerging defects |
| CN112780507B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-06-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Deicing method applied to wind turbine blade |
| CN113931811B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2024-02-09 | 浙江大学包头工业技术研究院 | Device for deicing wind driven generator blade |
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